Bolshevik Party
Appointed Member of Bolsheviks
Historical biography timeline
Explore a static chronology of 658 World History Database records for Joseph Stalin. The page is generated from the same biography records used by the searchable database, making important life events directly crawlable and readable.
Life and historical importance
Dominant Soviet leader from the late 1920s until 1953, Stalin oversaw rapid industrialization, forced collectivization, mass repression and political purges. He also led the USSR through the war against Nazi Germany and into superpower status after 1945.
Editorial overview by World History Database. The chronology below is generated from the site's structured biography records.
Chronology
Records are ordered by year, month and day where dates are available. The wording below comes from the World History Database biography collection.
Bolshevik Party
Appointed Member of Bolsheviks
London Congress
Attends the party congress as a Bolshevik organiser.
Prague Conference
Is co-opted into the Bolshevik Central Committee after Prague.
Bolshevik Party
Losif Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili took the name Stalin, meaning "man of steel"
Man of Steel
Losif Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili took the name Stalin, meaning "man of steel"
Marxism and National Question
Writes on nationality policy for the Bolshevik current.
Exile of Joseph Stalin
Stalin, with a group of exiles, leaves Achinsk for Petrograd
Exile of Joseph Stalin
Released by the February Revolution from exile in Turukhansk, arrives in Petrograd
Return from Siberia
Returns to Petrograd and works on Pravda.
Party Organiser
Returns from Siberia and resumes Bolshevik organisation in Petrograd.
Party Organiser
Returns from Siberia and works with Bolsheviks in Petrograd.
Return to Petrograd
Returns from exile and enters Bolshevik work around the Soviet.
Editorial Control
Returns from exile and helps edit the Bolshevik newspaper
Exile of Joseph Stalin
At Byelo-Ostrov Station, Finland Railway, Stalin, Ulyanova and a delegation of Petrograd and Sestroretsk working men and women meet Lenin on his return from exile and accompany him to Petrograd
Bolshevik Party
Stalin takes part in the conference of leading members of the Bolshevik Party and in the joint meeting of Bolshevik and Menshevik delegates to the Alln Conference of Soviets where Lenin expounds his April Theses
Congress of Soviets
Stalin takes part in the conference of leading members of the Bolshevik Party and in the joint meeting of Bolshevik and Menshevik delegates to the Alln Conference of Soviets where Lenin expounds his April Theses
Menshevik Party
Stalin takes part in the conference of leading members of the Bolshevik Party and in the joint meeting of Bolshevik and Menshevik delegates to the Alln Conference of Soviets where Lenin expounds his April Theses
April Theses Debate
Moves from cautious support for the Provisional Government toward Lenin's line
Bolshevik Party
Lenin and Stalin guide the work of the 7th Alln Conference of the Bolshevik Party
Congress of Soviets
Lenin and Stalin guide the work of the 7th Alln Conference of the Bolshevik Party
Congress of Soviets
Stalin attends the sittings of the First Alln Congress of Soviets of Workers and Soldiers Deputies
Central Executive Committee
The First Alln Congress of Soviets elects Stalin a member of the Central Executive Committee
Congress of Soviets
The First Alln Congress of Soviets elects Stalin a member of the Central Executive Committee
July Days
Helps manage Bolshevik press and party activity during the crisis.
July Days
Works to keep party communications functioning during the unrest.
July Days
Helps arrange Lenin's movement to safety.
July Days
Helps decide that Lenin should not surrender to the authorities.
July Days
Takes part in efforts to keep the Bolshevik organisation intact.
Bolshevik Party
Stalin and Sverdlov direct the 6th Congress of the Bolshevik Party
Congress of Bolsheviks, 6th
Stalin and Sverdlov direct the 6th Congress of the Bolshevik Party
Congress of RSDLP 6th
Sixth Congress of the RSDLP occurs, representing 240,000 party members, since Lenin is in hiding, Stalin delivers the report on the work of the Central Committee, the Congress resolves that a peaceful revolution has become impossible
Bolshevik Party
Stalin is elected to the Central Committee of the Bolsheviks
Central Committee
Stalin is elected to the Central Committee of the Bolsheviks
Rabochy i Soldat
At a plenary meeting of the Party Central Committee Stalin is appointed editor of Rabochy i Soldat
Kornilov Affair
Bolsheviks support resistance to Kornilov while continuing to oppose the political programme of Kerensky's government.
Kornilov Affair
Bolsheviks gain influence by helping resist Kornilov.
Kornilov Affair
Bolshevik organisers gain greater freedom to mobilise workers and soldiers for the defence of Petrograd.
Kornilov Affair
The party presents Kornilov's action as evidence that counter-revolutionary forces threaten the gains of February.
Kornilov Affair
Bolshevik activists help organise resistance while railway workers and soldiers obstruct the advance toward Petrograd.
Kornilov Affair
The crisis allows Bolshevik organisers to rebuild influence among workers after the repression following the July Days.
Kornilov Affair
Bolshevik political influence grows as Kornilov's forces lose momentum and the immediate threat to Petrograd recedes.
Kornilov Affair
The failure of Kornilov strengthens Bolshevik claims that revolutionary organisations successfully defended the capital.
Kornilov Affair
Bolshevik supporters use the aftermath of the crisis to press for greater influence in the Petrograd Soviet.
All Power to the Soviets
Stalins article "All Power to the Soviets!" appears in Rabochy Put, No. 13
Rabochy i Soldat
Stalins article "All Power to the Soviets!" appears in Rabochy Put, No. 13
Bolshevik Party
The Party Central Committee approves the list of Bolshevik candidates to the Constituent Assembly, which includes Lenin and Stalin
Election
The Party Central Committee approves the list of Bolshevik candidates to the Constituent Assembly, which includes Lenin and Stalin
Bolshevik Soviet Strategy
Works within the party as Trotsky leads the Soviet.
Kornilov Affair
The party's standing rises sharply after the affair, weakening moderate socialist influence among workers and soldiers.
Kornilov Affair
Bolshevik propaganda portrays the Kornilov episode as proof that the revolution remains threatened by military counter-revolution.
October Revolution
Lenin and Stalin attend a meeting of the Party Central Committee where Lenins resolution on armed insurrection is approved and a 7 man Political Bureau of the CC headed by Lenin and Stalin is setup to direct the uprising
Bolshevik Party
Lenin and Stalin direct an enlarged meeting of the Central Committee of the Bolshevik Party Stalin sharply criticizes the speeches of the traitors Kamenev and Zinoviev on the question of armed insurrection
October Revolution
Lenin and Stalin direct an enlarged meeting of the Central Committee of the Bolshevik Party Stalin sharply criticizes the speeches of the traitors Kamenev and Zinoviev on the question of armed insurrection. A Party Centre, headed by Stalin, is elected to direct the uprising
Military Revolutionary Committee
Attends the first meeting of the committee.
Petrograd Soviet
Supports Bolshevik work inside the Petrograd Soviet before the uprising.
Petrograd Soviet Activity
Stalin participates in Bolshevik organisation connected with the Petrograd Soviet.
Revolutionary Military Committee
Takes part in the first meeting of the Petrograd Soviet's Military Revolutionary Committee.
October Revolution
Lenin and Stalin direct the October armed uprising
Congress of Soviets
Lenin and Stalin direct the Second Alln Congress of Soviets of Workers and Soldiers Deputies
October Revolution
Lenin and Stalin direct the Second Alln Congress of Soviets of Workers and Soldiers Deputies
Kerensky-Krasnov Rising
Bolshevik organisers support defence measures as Krasnov's forces threaten Petrograd.
Siege of Tsaritswyn
Declares the Siege of Tsaritswyn
Politburo
The Politburo is first composed of Lenin, Trotsky, Kamanev, Bukharin & Stalin
Revolutionary Military Council
Appointed Member of Revolutionary Military Council
Kronstadt Rebellion
Backs the party line against the Kronstadt revolt.
Commissar
Appointed Commissar for Nationalities
Siege of Rostov
Stalin signs an instruction of the Revolutionary Military Council of the Southern Front to the armies of the front for the capture of Rostov
Siege of Donbas
Stalin signs an order of the day of the Revolutionary Military Council of the Southern Front congratulating the armies of the front on the defeat of Denikins armies and the capture of the Donbas and Rostov
Siege of Rostov
Stalin signs an order of the day of the Revolutionary Military Council of the Southern Front congratulating the armies of the front on the defeat of Denikins armies and the capture of the Donbas and Rostov. Stalin informs Lenin of the capture of Rostov by Budyonnys Cavalry
A German Treaty
A German Treaty is signed in Italy, recognizes the Soviet Union
Treaty of Russia
A German Treaty is signed in Italy, recognizes the Soviet Union
Siege of Odessa
Stalin signs an instruction of the Revo-lutionary Military Council of the South-Western Front to the Command of the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Armies on measures for the defense of Odessa
Siege of Kiev
Stalin signs an instruction of the Revolutionary Military Council of the South-Western Front to the Commander of the First Cavalry Army to demolish the Kiev group of the Polish armies
General
Appointed General Secretary of the CPSU
Alliance Agreement at Moscow
The Government supports the Kuomingtang led by Sun Yat-sen & forms an alliance
Alliance Joseph Stalin and Kuomingtang led by Sun Yat-sen
The Government supports the Kuomingtang led by Sun Yat-sen
Alliance Joseph Stalin and Kuomingtang led by Sun Yat-sen and forms an alliance
The Government supports the Kuomingtang led by Sun Yat-sen & forms an alliance
Comintern Policy Shift
Influences Communist International strategy after Lenin's death
Constitution of Russia
Eliminates the opposition of Trotsky, Kamanev, Bukharin & Rykov
Economy of Russia
After Lenins death in 1924, a power struggle between the pro-NEP and anti-NEP escalated eventually into the creation of the first planned economy under Stalin
Capture of Don Basin
Captures the Don Basin from the Ukraine
Capture of Kuban
Captures the Kuban from the Ukraine
Comintern
The period up to 1928, is known as the "Second Period", mirroring the shift in the USSR from war communism to the New Economic Policy. Stalin upholds the thesis of "socialism in one country", detailed by Nikolai Bukharin
Dismissal
Stalins "Socialism in one country" conflicts with Trotskys "Permanent Revolution". Removes Trotsky as Commissar of War
Economy of Russia
Gosplans work is coordinated with the USSR Central Statistical Directorate, the Peoples Commissariat of Finance, and the Supreme Soviet of the National Economy (Vesenkha), and later with the State Bank (Gosbank) and State Supply Committee (Gossnab)
Gosplan
Gosplans work is coordinated with the USSR Central Statistical Directorate, the Peoples Commissariat of Finance, and the Supreme Soviet of the National Economy (Vesenkha), and later with the State Bank (Gosbank) and State Supply Committee (Gossnab). During 1925 Gosplan starts to create annual economic plans, known as "control numbers"
Socialism In One Country
Stalin upholds the thesis of "socialism in one country", detailed by Nikolai Bukharin
Berlin Treaty
Berlin Treaty of friendship & neutrality between Germany & Russia
Neutrality
Berlin Treaty of friendship & neutrality between Germany & Russia
Treaty of Friendship
Berlin Treaty of friendship & neutrality between Germany & Russia
Dismissal
Has Zinoviev ousted from the Politburo. Has Trotsky ousted from the Politburo
Comintern
"Socialism In One Country" is finalized as the state policy after Stalin's January 1926 article On the Issues of Leninism
Comintern
Stalin makes the party line clear: "An internationalist is one who is ready to defend the USSR without reservation, without wavering, unconditionally; for the USSR it is the base of the world revolutionary movement, and this revolutionary movement cannot be defended and promoted without defending
Comintern
The dream of a world revolution is abandoned after the failures of the Spartacist uprising in Germany and of the Hungarian Soviet Republic, and the failure of all revolutionary movements in Europe, such as in Italy, where the fascist squadristi broke the strikes and quickly
Comintern
assumed power following the 1922 March on Rome.
Comintern
the USSR.
Socialism In One Country
"Socialism In One Country" is finalized as the state policy after Stalins January 1926 article On the Issues of Leninism
Socialism in One Country
The dream of a world revolution is abandoned after the failures of the Spartacist uprising in Germany and of the Hungarian Soviet Republic and the failure of all revolutionary movements in Europe such as in Italy
Socialism in One Country
for the USSR it is the base of the world revolutionary movement, and this revolutionary movement cannot be defended and promoted without defending the USSR
Socialism in One Country
where the fascist squadristi broke the strikes and quickly assumed power following the 1922 March on Rome. Stalin makes the party line clear: "An internationalist is one who is ready to defend the USSR without reservation, without wavering, unconditionally
Spartacist Revolution
The dream of a world revolution is abandoned after the failures of the Spartacist uprising in Germany and of the Hungarian Soviet Republic, and the failure of all revolutionary movements in Europe, such as in Italy, where the fascist squadristi broke the strikes and quickly assumed power following the 1922 March on Rome
World Revolution
The dream of a world revolution is abandoned after the failures of the Spartacist uprising in Germany and of the Hungarian Soviet Republic, and the failure of all revolutionary movements in Europe, such as in Italy, where the fascist squadristi broke the strikes and quickly assumed power following the 1922 March on Rome
Exile of Joseph Stalin
Oppositionists including Trotsky are exiled by Stalin
Exile of Joseph Stalin
Has Trotsky exiled
Break in Diplomatic Relations with Russia
Britain severs diplomatic relations with Russia
Plenum of Central Committee
Decides to break the truce with the internal Communist Party opposition
Conference of Communist Party
The opposition is not allowed to speak. Describes the opposition as a "combination of castrated forces"
Purge
Trotsky is expelled from the Communist Party, leaving Stalin in undisputed control
China & Russia break off diplomatic relations
China & Russia break off diplomatic relations
Economy of Russia
The 1st 5 yr plan is promised by the Communist Party
Five Year Plan
The 1st 5 yr plan is promised by the Communist Party
Purge
When the XVth Party Congress made Opposition views incompatible with membership in the Communist Party, Zinoviev, Kamenev and their supporters capitulated and renounced their alliance with the Left Opposition
Comintern
Expels all opposition from the International during a Comintern Executive meeting
Purge
Expels all opposition from the International during a Comintern Executive meeting. At the 15th Congress expels 75 of the Opposition & 18 Democratic Centrists
Purge
50 engineers are charged with wrecking & espionage
Pact between Kellogg-Briand Signatory Nations
War is outlawed & disputes must be settled peacefully. 65 states including Russia & the USA sign the Kellog-Briand Pact
Economy of Russia
Breaks with the New Economic Policy & introduces 5 yr plans
Economy of Russia
From 1928 to 1991 the entire course of the economy was guided by a series of Five-Year Plans
Five Year Plan
The "Plan Era" of 5 year economic plans lasts from 1928-1939. Replaces the New Economic Policy with the 1st 5 Year Plan, the market is eliminated. Peasants are forced to join collectives or state farms. From 1928 to 1991 the entire course of the economy was guided by a series of Five-Year Plans. Detailed plans for food production are laid down by Gosplan
Five Year Plan
The slogan "The five year plan" in 4 years is adopted as quotas are revised upwards
Comintern
The 9th Plenum of the Executive Committee begins the so-called "Third Period" lasting until 1935 as the Comintern proclaims that the capitalist system is entering the period of final collapse and as such
Comintern
The Comintern describes all moderate left-wing parties as "social fascists", and urges the Communists devote their energies to the destruction of the moderate left.
Comintern
The Comintern proclaimed that the capitalist system was entering the period of final collapse, and that as such, the correct stance for all Communist parties was that of an highly aggressive, militant, ultra-left line.
Comintern
The period, up to 1928, is known as the "Second Period", mirroring the shift in the USSR from war communism to the New Economic Policy.
Comintern
and urges Communists to devote their energies to the destruction of the moderate left. In 1928, the 9th Plenum of the Executive Committee began the so-called "Third Period", which was to last until 1935
Comintern
the correct stance for all Communist parties is that of a highly aggressive militant ultra-left line & in particular the Comintern describes all moderate left-wing parties as "social fascists"
Economy of Russia
Stalin, after consolidating power, ends the NEP in 1928. In order to ensure the success of the five year plans plan it is necessary to ensure that inputs from one part of the economy match outputs from another part of the economy, Gosplan achieved this by using a methodology called the system of material balances
Five Year Plan
With the introduction of five-year plans Gosplan becomes responsible for their creation and supervision according to objectives set by the All-Russian Communist Party. In order to ensure the success of the five year plans plan it is necessary to ensure that inputs from one part of the economy match outputs from another part of the economy, Gosplan achieved this by using a methodology called the system of material balances
Gosplan
With the introduction of five-year plans Gosplan becomes responsible for their creation and supervision according to objectives set by the All-Russian Communist Party. In order to ensure the success of the five year plans plan it is necessary to ensure that inputs from one part of the economy match outputs from another part of the economy, Gosplan achieved this by using a methodology called the system of material balances
Meeting with The Chinese Communist Party Leaders to exercise
Meets the Chinese Communist Party Leaders to exercise his influence over them
New Economic Policy
Stalin, after consolidating power, ends the NEP in 1928
Purge
50 engineers are charged with wrecking & espionage. At the "Industrial Party" trial many are charged with foreign industrial espionage
Second Period
The period, up to 1928, is known as the "Second Period", mirroring the shift in the USSR from war communism to the New Economic Policy
Social Fascism
The Comintern describes all moderate left-wing parties as "social fascists", and urges the Communists devote their energies to the destruction of the moderate left
Social Fascists
The 9th Plenum of the Executive Committee begins the so-called "Third Period" lasting until 1935 as the Comintern proclaims that the capitalist system is entering the period of final collapse and as such
Social Fascists
The Comintern describes all moderate left-wing parties as "social fascists", and urges the Communists devote their energies to the destruction of the moderate left.
Social Fascists
and urges Communists to devote their energies to the destruction of the moderate left
Social Fascists
the correct stance for all Communist parties is that of a highly aggressive militant ultra-left line and in particular the Comintern describes all moderate left-wing parties as "social fascists"
Third Period
It labelled moderate left-wing parties social fascists and urged communists to concentrate on destroying the moderate left.
Third Period
The Comintern declared that capitalism was entering final collapse and ordered communist parties to adopt an aggressive, militant, ultra-left policy.
Third Period
The Executive Committee's Ninth Plenum began the Comintern's Third Period, which lasted until 1935.
Exile of Joseph Stalin
Stalins proposal to exile Trotsky from Russia is accepted by the Politburo
Exile of Joseph Stalin
Has Trotsky exiled to Turkey. Exiles Trotsky & Zinoviev, marks the end of legal opposition in the party. Exiles Trotsky & Zinoviev marking the end of legal opposition in the party
Opposition
The word "opposition" is no longer used
Litvinov Protocol
The Litinow Pprotocol, a non-aggression pact between Russia, Romania, Poland Lithuania and Estonia
Britain & Russia resume diplomatic relations
Britain & Russia resume diplomatic relations
Congress of Communist Party, 15th
The NEP is replaced by a 5 yr plan at the 15th Party Congress
Economy of Russia
The NEP is replaced by a 5 yr plan at the 15th Party Congress. Kulaks respond to increased collectivization by reducing output & slaughtering stock
Five Year Plan
The NEP is replaced by a 5 yr plan at the 15th Party Congress
Pact between Kellogg-Briand Signatory Nations
Forestalls a possible formation of an anti-Soviet front by the Kellogg Pact states
Purge
Expels TU leader Tomsky for opposition to industrialization & collectivization. Expels the "right opposition" ftom the CP. Expels Rykov from the CP for opposition to industrialization & collectivization. Expels Bukharin from the CP for opposition to industrialization & collectivization
Treaty of East European
Forestalls a possible formation of an anti-Soviet front by the Kellogg Pact states
Writers Union
Founds a conformist Writers Union
Collectivization-Farms
Collectivizes all farms in Russia
Economy of Russia
Collectivizes all farms in Russia
Economy of Russia
Publishes letter in "Pravda", "Dizzy with Success"
Pravda
Publishes letter in "Pravda", "Dizzy with Success"
Purge
Announces his murderous purges are "purifying the Soviet Union"
Strike
Russian troops kill 200 strikers in Odessa
Dismissal
Rykov is dismissed by Stalin for opposing his policies
Gosplan
The Statistical Directorate is merged into Gosplan
Gosplan
Gosplan is subordinated to the Sovnarkom
Famine
As a result of collectivization there is widespread harvest failure
Menshevik Party
A number of ex-Mensheviks are charged with planning a counter-revolution
Purge
A number of ex-Mensheviks are charged with planning a counter-revolution. 14 professors are charged with conspiracy
Reinstatement
Rykov is reinstated after publicly recanting his opposition to Stalin
Famine
Famine in the Ukraine
Ryutin Affair
The Ryutin Affair is one of the last attempts to oppose the Soviet leader Joseph Stalin within the Soviet Communist Party. Ryutin gathered around him a group of like-minded friends who called themselves "The Union of Marxist-Leninists" and they began to distribute "Appeal" to workers and to members of the opposition in the summer and early fall of 1932
Second Five Year Plan
Stalin launches the Second Five-Year Plan, emphasizing heavy industry, transport, steel, coal and continued central planning.
Five Year Plan
The goal of the Second Five-Year Plan (1933-1937) is the reconstruction of the entire Soviet economy and the creation of a new technical base. Stalin delivers a report on "Results of the First Five-Year Plan" at the joint plenum of the CC and CCC CPSU
Five Year Plan
The goal of the Second Five-Year Plan was the construction of twenty five to thirty thousand kilometres of new railway lines and 22 million tons of pig iron would be smelted by the end of the plan.
Five Year Plan
The goal of the Second Five-Year Plan was to increase machine production from 3 to 3.5 times, the mining of coal was increased from 90 million tons to 250 million.
Five Year Plan
The plan also projected an increase for consumer goods from 22.2 billion rubles in 1932 to 47.2 billion in 1937, the plan was only able to fulfill 85.4 percent of this target.
Government Report
Stalin delivers a report on "Results of the First Five-Year Plan" at the joint plenum of the CC and CCC CPSU
Death of Joseph Stalin
Stalin attends the memorial meeting at the Bolshoi Theatre to commemorate the ninth anniversary of the death of Lenin
Baltic Canal
Construction of the Baltic-White Sea Canal is completed
Metro
The Moscow metro is completed
League of Nations
Russia joins the League of Nations
Neutrality
Russia & Germany renew the 1926 Treaty of Neutrality & Non-Aggression
Treaty of Neutrality
Russia & Germany renew the 1926 Treaty of Neutrality & Non-Aggression
Burial
Stalin attends the funeral of Klara Zetkin in the Red Square in Moscow
Recognition of the USSR
The USSR is recognized by the USA, to counteract Japans rise in the Far East
At the Metro-Vickers trial British technologists in Russia are charged with espionage
At the Metro-Vickers trial British technologists in Russia are charged with espionage
Economy of Russia
The goal of the Second Five-Year Plan (1933-1937) is the reconstruction of the entire Soviet economy and the creation of a new technical base
Industrial Output
The Soviet state prioritises heavy industrial expansion while consumer-goods targets lag behind official plans.
Trial
At the Metro-Vickers trial British technologists in Russia are charged with espionage
Trade Treaty
Trade Treaty signed between Britain & Russia
Treaty of Trade
Trade Treaty signed between Britain & Russia
League of Nations
Russia takes its seat on the Council of the League of Nations
League of Nations
The USSR is admitted into the League of Nations
USSR Admission
The USSR joins the League and gains a Council seat.
Assassination of Sergei Mironovich Kirov
The assassination of Kirov sparks off purges in Russia
Purge
Kirovs assassin & 13 accomplices are tried & executed. From 1933-1934 the CP is reduced from 3 1/2 to 2 1/2 million members
Trial
Kirovs assassin & 13 accomplices are tried & executed
Trial
Zinoviev, Kamanev & 17 others are tried for the murder of Kirov
Alliance USSR and France
The USSR & France sign a mutual assistance & non-aggression pact. The USSR & Czech sign a mutual assistance & non-aggression pact
French-Soviet pact, effective for five years, for mutual help in the case
French-Soviet pact, effective for five years, for mutual help in the case of an attack by an European nation
Pact between France and Soviet Union
French-Soviet pact, effective for five years, for mutual help in the case of an attack by an European nation
Pact between Soviet Union and Czechoslovakia
Soviet-Czechoslovakian pact, valid only if France supports both parties
Political Support
Soviet-Czechoslovakian pact, valid only if France supports both parties
Comintern
The seventh congress officially endorses the Popular Front against fascism. The seventh and last congress of the Comintern is held between July 25 and August 20 1935
Popular Front
The seventh congress officially endorses the Popular Front against fascism
Russia sells the Chinese Eastern Railway in northern Manchuria to Japan
Russia sells the Chinese Eastern Railway in northern Manchuria to Japan
Comintern
The Comintern abandons the membership policies established under the "Twenty-one Conditions" and begins to form coalitions, or popular fronts, with bourgeois parties
Purge
CP members are directed to renew their documents, "passive people" are rooted out
Occupation
At the League of Nations Russia proposes sanctions after occupation of the Rhineland
Alliance Joseph Stalin and Spanish Republic
The Comintern agree to furnish volunteers & money to support the Spanish Republic
Comintern
The Comintern agree to furnish volunteers & money to support the Spanish Republic
Purge
Announces "terrorist activity of Trotskyite-Zinoviev counter-revolutionary bloc"
Reform of Policing
The secret police is absorbed into the ministry of the interior, NKVD
Execution
Stalin has Kamanev & Zinoviev purged & then executed
Purge
Yezhov is made Commissar for Internal Affairs to unmask the Trotsky-Zinoviev plot
Alliance Russia and Republicans and Spain
Russia decides to supply the Republicans in Spain
Russia warns it will only be bound to the same degree as
Russia warns it will only be bound to the same degree as Italy & Germany. Russia decides to supply the Republicans in Spain
Germany & Japan argree to make common cause against Communism
Germany & Japan argree to make "common cause" against Communism
Constitution of Russia
Joseph Stalin establishes a Federal State consisting of 11 Soviet Republics.
Constitution of Russia
Joseph Stalin establishes the USSR Supreme Soviet, supreme agency of state power in the Soviet Union.
Constitution of Russia
Supreme Soviet consists of the Soviet of the Union and the Soviet of the Nationalities.
Constitution of Russia
The Supreme Soviet elects a Presidium the chairman of which becomes the Head of State.
Constitution of Russia
The Supreme Soviet is elected for 4 years and meets twice a year.
Constitution of Russia
The VTsIK, All-Union Central Exec Comm of the soviets becomes the Supreme Soviet.
Supreme Soviet
Establishes the USSR Supreme Soviet, supreme agency of state power in the Soviet Union
Bolshevik Party
Holds stage trials of old Bolsheviks
Civil War
Russia sends arms & advisers to the Republicans
Comintern
Germany and Japan conclude the so-called Anti-Comintern Pact, ostensibly to protect the world from the 3rd International
International, 3rd
Germany and Japan conclude the so-called Anti-Comintern Pact, ostensibly to protect the world from the 3rd International
Promotes a united front with Kai-shek against fascism in Europe & imperialism
Promotes a united front with Kai-shek against fascism in Europe & imperialism in Japan
Purge
Stalin has Kamanev & Zinoviev purged & then executed. Show trials are held in Moscow during the "great purge"
Purge
Announces "terrorist activity of Trotskyite-Zinoviev counter-revolutionary bloc". CP members are directed to renew their documents, "passive people" are rooted out.
Purge
Enforces a ban on party factions and banned those party members who had opposed him, effectively ending democratic centralism. Communist heroes like Tukhachevsky and B‚la Kun, as well as the majority of Lenins Politburo, were shot for disagreements in policy. About 2/3 of Communist leaders are shot or arrested. 400,000 people are expelled from the Party
Purge
In the new form of Party organisation, the Politburo, and Stalin in particular, were the sole dispensers of communist ideology.
Purge
Involves a large-scale purge of the Communist Party and Government officials, repression of peasants, Red Army leadership, and the persecution of unaffiliated persons, characterized by widespread police surveillance, widespread suspicion of "saboteurs".
Purge
The most infamous case is that of Leon Trotsky, whose family was almost annihilated, before he himself was killed in Mexico by NKVD agent Ramon Mercader, who was part of an assassination task force put together by Special Agent Pavel Sudoplato.
Purge
The political purge was primarily an effort by Stalin to eliminate challenge from past and potential opposition groups, including left and right wings led by Leon Trotsky and Nikolai Bukharin.
Red Army
Involves a large-scale purge of the Communist Party and Government officials, repression of peasants, Red Army leadership, and the persecution of unaffiliated persons, characterized by widespread police surveillance, widespread suspicion of "saboteurs"
Trial
Holds stage trials of old Bolsheviks
Trial
Show trials are held in Moscow during the "great purge"
Purge
Show trials are held including Radek & Pyatakov
Peace
An Armistice is declared between Japan and the Soviet Union after outbreak of border fighting
Purge
Top generals & 1 in 3 of the Officer Corps are purged
Execution
Stalin has Bukharin purged & then executed
Political Support
Stalin promises to support Czech if it is attacked by Germany
Border Settlement at Moscow
Russian troops begin to clash with the Japanese on the border of Manzhouguo
Nazi-Soviet Pact
Signs the Geraman-Russisan Non Aggression Pact with Ribbentrop in Moscow
Economy of Russia
The 3rd Five-Year Plan (1938-1941) was not as successful, due to the purging of leading Gosplan members and the outbreak of World War II
Execution
Stalin has Rykov purged & then executed
Five Year Plan
The 3rd Five-Year Plan (1938-1941) was not as successful, due to the purging of leading Gosplan members and the outbreak of World War II
Massacre
NKVD troops massacre over 10,000 Ukrainians
Purge
Stalin has Rykov purged & then executed
Invasion of Czech
Protests after German legions move on Prague contravening the Munich Agreement
Munich Agreement
Protests after German legions move on Prague in contravention of the Munich Agreement
Munich Agreement
Protests after German legions move on Prague contravening the Munich Agreement
Of the Munich Agreement
Protests after German legions move on Prague in contravention of the Munich Agreement
Siege of Prague
Protests after German legions move on Prague contravening the Munich Agreement
Alliance Agreement
The Soviet Union offers a Soviet-British-French alliance which would guarantee the integrity of Poland, the consulations are unproductive
Alliance Soviet-British-French alliance
The Soviet Union offers a Soviet-British-French alliance which would guarantee the integrity of Poland, the consulations are unproductive
Alliance Agreement with France & Britain
Russia offers a tripartite alliance with France & Britain
Alliance Russia and France and Britain
Russia offers a tripartite alliance with France & Britain
Declaration of War
Russia mobilizes against Japan on the border between Manchuria & Outer Mongolia
Alliance Agreement with Germany maybe possible
At a meeting of the Politbureau Stalin says an alliance with Germany maybe possible
Alliance Joseph Stalin and Germany maybe possible
At a meeting of the Politbureau Stalin says an alliance with Germany maybe possible
International Agreement
Poland refuses Russia passage, a precondition of an Anglo-Franco-Soviet agreement. Hitler sends Stalin a telegram pressing for a pact
Nazi-Soviet Pact
Invites Ribbentrop to Moscow for 23 August. Hitler cables Stalin accepting the draft NAZI-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact
Trade Agreement
It is anounced that Germany & Russia have concluded a commercial agreement
Nazi-Soviet Pact
Includes secret protocols dividing Europe into zones of influence
Rule of Baltic Sea
The Nazi-Soviet Pact gives Russia eastern Poland, Finland & Baltic States
Rule of Finland
The Nazi-Soviet Pact gives Russia eastern Poland, Finland & Baltic States
Rule of Poland
The Nazi-Soviet Pact gives Russia eastern Poland, Finland & Baltic States
Nazi-Soviet Pact
Russia & Germany will not attack each other for 10 yrs with an option for 5 more yrs
Battle of Nomonhan
The Japanese are prevented from making any further incursions into Russian territory. In 1 day the Japanese suffer 50,000 casulties, their worst ever defeat. Defeat by Russia convinces the Japanese that they cannot fight against the Russians
Invasion of Poland
The German Army crosses the Polish border
Treaty of Lithuania
Vilna is transferred from Poland to Lithuania & becomes its capital
Treaty of Mutual Assistance
Russia signs Treaty of Mutual Assistance with Latvia giving Russia occupation rights
Invasion of Poland
The Soviets carry out their part of the secret appendix of the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact, which divided Eastern Europe into Nazi and Soviet spheres of influence. The Russians invade Poland for 1 week. Russia gives the order to invade eastern Poland which is undefended
Capture of Vilnyus
The Russians capture Vilnyus
Invasion of Poland
The remains of the Polish Government & military High Command flee to Hungary
Invasion of Poland
The Red Army & German troops join up at Brest Litovsk
Red Army
The Red Army & German troops join up at Brest Litovsk
Independence of Russia
Germany & Russia declares that Poland no longer exists
Agreement on Stalins new demands
After the Russian invasion of Poland Hitler agrees to Stalins new demands
Invasion of Poland
After the Russian invasion of Poland Hitler agrees to Stalins new demands
Partition
Ribbentrop & Molotov meet & split Poland in 2
Rule of Poland
Ribbentrop & Molotov meet & split Poland in 2
Nazi-Soviet Pact
The Soviet Germany Boundary & Friendship Treaty is signed
Treaty of Mutual Assistance
Russia signs Treaty of Mutual Assistance with Estonia to occupy 4 Estonian naval bases
Treaty of Munich
The Munich Treaty makes Russias offer of military support to Czech academic. Russia, like the United States, is excluded from the Treaty & the conference
Invasion of Poland
Germany and the Soviet Union completely overrun Poland, although the Polish Government never surrendered
Treaty Negotiations
A mutual assistance Treaty is signed between Russia & Latvia
Treaty of Latvia
A mutual assistance Treaty is signed between Russia & Latvia
Capture of Estonia
Forced to accept a "mutual assistance" pact with Moscow
Capture of Latvia
Forced to accept a "mutual assistance" pact with Moscow
Capture of Lithuania
Forced to accept a "mutual assistance" pact with Moscow
Rule of Vilna
Vilna is restored to Lithuania while Russia gets sea & air bases
Treaty of Lithuania
A mutual assistance Treaty is signed between Russia & Lithuania
Diplomatic Negotiations
Negotiations between Russia & Finland take place for an exchange of territory
Offers Finland land
Offers Finland land but the strategic loss causes the Fins to refuse
Rule of Poland
Russia formally annexes its occupied Polish territories
Treaty Negotiations
Russia cancels its 1932 non-aggreesion Treaty with Finland
Invasion of Finland
Russia launches an attack against Finland, fighting lasts throughout the winter. Russia attacks the Mannerheim Line to invade Finland
Mannerheim Line
Russia attacks the Mannerheim Line to invade Finland
Capture of Russia
Russia occupies the eastern zone including Galicia & the Polish Ukraine. Poland is divided between the Germans & the Russians along the River Bug
Comintern
At the start of World War II, the Comintern supported a policy of non-intervention, arguing that the war was an imperialist war between various national ruling classes, much like World War I had been
Congress of Communist Party, 18th
Attacks Britain & France for rejecting collective security for fear of revolution. Attacks Britain & France for rejecting collective security due to fear of revolution
Invasion of China
Sends Zhukov against the Japanese to teach them "a lesson they would never forget"
Neutrality
After Nomonhan the Japanese Foreign Minister visits Russia & signs a neutrality pact
Visit to Russia & signs a neutrality pact
Says to the Japanese Foregn Minister, "we are both Asiatics, Japan can now turn south". After Nomonhan the Japanese Foreign Minister visits Russia & signs a neutrality pact
Invasion of Finland
Finland surrenders large tracts of territory & fortifications to Russia
Massacre
About 15,000 Polish officers are murderred in Eastern Poland
Trade Treaty
Germany & Russia sign a fresh Treaty recognizing spheres of influence & trade
Invasion of Russia
Churchill warns Stalin the Germans had regrouped in order to invade Russia
Treaty of Friendship
Signs the Treaty of Friendship with the new Government of Yugoslavia
Japan & Russia sign a neutrality pact
Japan & Russia sign a neutrality pact
Neutrality
Japan & Russia sign a neutrality pact
Neutrality
Japan & Russia sign a mutual neutrality pact
Pact between Japan and Soviet Union
Japan & Russia sign a mutual neutrality pact
Declaration of War
Germany declares war on Russia shortly after the invasion
Invasion of Russia
All forces are placed on alert
Comintern
When the Soviet Union is invaded on 22 June 1941, the Comintern changed its position to one of active support for the Allies
Commissar
Appointed Commander of military operations after the German Invasion of Russia
Commissar
Takes over military operations after the German Invasion of Russia
Invasion of Russia
Stalin is so demoralized by the German invasion that he remains drunk for 11 days. At 3:40 German planes bomb Russian border cities
Invasion of Russia
3 million German soldiers attack the Soviet army of 5.7 million, 2.5 of them in the west, in the coming weeks, Stalin mobilizes some 10 million reservists
Stavka
Sets up a supreme general-staff HQ
Supreme Commander
Appointed Supreme Commander of the Soviet Armed Forces
Invasion of Russia
The western front is broken & the Germans charge towards Minsk. Builds a reserve front 300 km behind the front
Western Front
The western front is broken & the Germans charge towards Minsk
Great Fatherland War
The Central Commitee declares this the "Great Fatherland War"
Invasion of Russia
The Central Commitee declares this the "Great Fatherland War"
Broadcast
Warns Russia of the danger of the German invasion. Addresses the Russian people as "brothers & sister"
Invasion of Russia
Warns Russia of the danger of the German invasion during a broadcast
Battle of Smolensk
1st day of the Battle of Smolensk
Invasion of Russia
By mid July Russia has lost 3,500 tanks, 6,000 aircraft & 2 million men
Battle of Smolensk
About 300,000 Russian prisoners are taken
Defence Committee
Appointed Member of recently formed State Defence Committee
Siege of Kiev
Orders the evacuation of Kiev, 665,000 Russian prisoners are captured
Siege of Moscow
The Germans begin their final offensive to take Moscow
Siege of Moscow
Part of the administration is moved but Stalin stays in Moscow
Operation Taifun
The operation "Taifun" to take Moscow commences
Siege of Moscow
The operation "Taifun" to take Moscow commences
Invasion of Russia
Stalin calls an emergency session of the State Defence Committee
Stalin calls for the creation of second front in Europe to relieve
Stalin calls for the creation of second front in Europe to relieve pressure on Russian forces battling German army at the gates of Moscow
Siege of Moscow
Announces, "If they want a war of extermination they shall have one"
Siege of Moscow
Stages a symbollically important parade in Red Square
Siege of Moscow
The Germans begin their 2nd offensive against Moscow
Invasion of Russia
Orders Red Army units to destroy all houses & farms 40 miles behind the German lines
Red Army
Orders Red Army units to destroy all houses & farms 40 miles behind the German lines
Siege of Moscow
Some German units advance into the southern suburbs of Moscow
Siege of Moscow
The Soviet counter offensive hits the unsuspecting German army. The German attack on Moscow is contained. German forces lose mre than 500,000 men, Hitler's biggest loss to date. 720,000 Russian soldiers drive back 800,000 Germans
Chairman
Appointed Chairman of the Council of Peoples Commissars
Comintern
The Anti-Comintern Pact is renewed with 11 additional countries as signatories. At the start of World War II, the Comintern supported a policy of non-intervention, arguing that the war was an imperialist war between various national ruling classes, much like World War I had been
GKO
Founds the State Defence Committee to run the war
Invasion of Russia
Spy Dr. Richard Sorge gave Stalin the exact German launch date
Moscow Canal
The Moscow-Volga Canal is completed
Conference of Washington
A pact made at the Washington Conference becomes the nucleus of the United Nations
Conference of Washington
Declaration by 26 Allies not to conclude a separate armistice. A pact made at the Washington Conference becomes the nucleus of the United Nations
United Nations
Declaration by 26 Allies not to conclude a separate armistice, the pact becomes the UN. A pact made at the Washington Conference becomes the nucleus of the United Nations
Invasion of Russia
Plans a counter-offensive at the meeting of the Stavka & State Defence Committee
STAVKA
Plans a counter-offensive at the meeting of the Stavka & State Defence Committee
Siege of Kharkov
Timoshenko requests further support from Stalin who just refuses a withdrawal. Kleist counter-attacks & forces Timoshenko back
Siege of Kharkov
Timoshenko is forced to call off his attack
Treaty of Anglo-Soviet
An Anglo-Soviet Treaty of alliance is signed in London
Conference of Washington
Molotov gains military assistance & economic aid. A 2nd front is established & atomic research intensified
Capture of Bessarabia
Succesfully demands Romania hand over Bessarabia to Russia, Germany does not object
Battle of Stalingrad
Orders the Stalingrad Defence Committee to prepare the city for war immediately
Stalingrad Defence Committee
Orders the Stalingrad Defence Committee to prepare the city for war immediately
Dismissal
Stalin dismisses Timoshenko
Agreement on the postponement of a 2nd front until
Stalin informs Churchill he cannot agree to the postponement of a 2nd front until 1943
Capture of Rostov
The Germans capture Rostov
General
Yeremenko is appointed to command the entire Stalingrad front by Stalin
Battle of Stalingrad
Gathers 190,000 men, 350 tanks, 340 planes & 8,000 guns on the Staingrad front
Bombing of Stalingrad
Refuses the Stalingrad to be evacuated in order to make the Russians defend it
Meeting with Stalin at the Kremlin
Churchill meets Stalin at the Kremlin
Visit to Moscow
Stalin has the impression that Churchill promises to invade France in 1943. Churchill visits Stalin & says there can be no invasion of Europe in 1942. Churchill visits Stalin & promises that south east Europe will be attacked in 1943
Battle of Stalingrad
The Red Army begins to encircle the German forces besieging Stalingrad
Red Army
The Red Army begins to encircle the German forces besieging Stalingrad
Conference of Casablanca
Roosevelt & Churchill agree to supply Stalin war materials & divert German forces
Battle of Stalingrad
Paulus surrenders the German 6th Army. During the battle the Germans lose 600,000 & the Russians 400,000
Result of Surrender of German Sixth Army
The German Sixth Army is eliminated as an effective field formation at Stalingrad.
Surrender of German Sixth Army
Paulus surrenders the German 6th Army
Battle of Stalingrad
The remainder of the German forces in Stalingrad lay down their arms
Recognition of the Union of Polish Patriots
Stalin recognizes the "Union of Polish Patriots", the core of a Soviet puppet regime
Operation Roundup
Expresses displeasure to Churchill & Roosevelt over the postponement of "Round Up"
Stalin sends a message to Churchill asking for a Second Front
Stalin sends a message to Churchill asking for a Second Front
Conference of Quebec
Telegrams Churchill & Roosevelt saying he is a "passive observer"
Conference of Tripartite
Roosevelt & Churchill agree to hold a tripartite conference including Russia
Tripartite Conference
Telegrams Churchill & Roosevelt saying he is a "passive observer". Roosevelt & Churchill agree to hold a tripartite conference including Russia
Capture of Crimea
The Axis complete the evacuation of the Crimea
Capture of Kuban Peninsula
The Russians capture the Kuban Peninsula on the Black Sea
Conference of Moscow
It is agreed after Germany is defeated Austria should regain independence. Agreed to form the European Advisery Commission to divide Germany into military zones
Declaration of Four Powers
Establishes the principle of an international organisation to for international peace
Declaration of Four Powers
Signed by the USA, Russia, China & Britain
Establishes the principle of an international organisation to keep international peace
Establishes the principle of an international organisation to keep international peace
International Peace
Establishes the principle of an international organisation to for international peace
Arrival of Stalin in Tehran
Stalin arrives in Tehran with the Soviet delegation before the conference formally opens on 28 November.
First Roosevelt Stalin Meeting
Stalin meets Roosevelt privately for the first time before joining Churchill at the opening plenary session.
Stalin Calls on Roosevelt at Soviet Embassy
Stalin calls on Roosevelt shortly after the President moves into the Soviet Embassy compound.
Stalin Presses Need for Second Front
Stalin emphasises the importance of a major Anglo-American second front in Western Europe.
Stalin Security Warning over Tehran Travel
Stalin warns that travel between delegations could expose the Allied leaders to danger from Axis sympathisers.
Sword of Lenin
Stalin is handed the Stalingrad sword
Mediterranean Diversion Debate
Stalin opposes Mediterranean operations that might weaken Overlord while supporting a complementary landing in southern France.
Overlord Command and Japan Commitment Discussed
Stalin presses for appointment of an Overlord commander and reiterates that the Soviet Union will fight Japan after Germany is defeated.
Second Private Roosevelt Stalin Discussion
Stalin meets Roosevelt privately before the second plenary to continue political and strategic discussions.
Soviet Offensive Timed with Overlord Proposed
Stalin offers to launch a major Soviet offensive around the time of Overlord to pin German forces in the east.
Stalin Calls for Overlord Supreme Commander
Stalin argues that Overlord needs a clearly appointed commander responsible for its execution.
Stalin Demands Firm Overlord Commitment
Stalin presses the Western Allies for a firm commitment to launch Overlord in 1944.
Sword of Stalingrad Accepted
Stalin accepts the Sword of Stalingrad and thanks Britain on behalf of the citizens of Stalingrad.
Stalin Joins Third Plenary
Stalin participates in the third plenary meeting as agreement on 1944 operations takes shape.
Stalin Meets Shah during Tehran Summit
Stalin meets the Shah of Iran while attending the summit in Tehran.
Stalin Praises American Lend Lease Production
At Churchill's birthday dinner, Stalin praises American industrial output and the importance of Lend-Lease to the Soviet war effort.
Curzon Line Proposal Discussed
Stalin supports a postwar Polish eastern frontier broadly following the Curzon Line, with Poland compensated in the west.
Accepts Curzon Line in Principle
Stalin says he could accept the Curzon Line as the Soviet-Polish frontier if the Soviet Union receives northern East Prussia including Konigsberg.
Final Day of Tehran Conference
Stalin joins the final discussions as the three powers complete their military conclusions and political declarations.
Final Soviet Negotiating Session
Stalin participates in the final negotiating sessions as the three governments complete their agreements.
Polish Frontier Discussion at Tehran
Stalin discusses moving Poland's eastern frontier toward the Curzon Line while compensating Poland with territory farther west.
Soviet Guarantee of Iranian Sovereignty Signed
Stalin accepts the tripartite pledge preserving Iran as a sovereign state after the war.
Soviet Response to Bulgarian Attack on Turkey Stated
Stalin states that the Soviet Union would enter war with Bulgaria if Bulgaria attacked Turkey after Turkish entry against Germany.
Soviet Support for Overlord Coordination
Stalin confirms Soviet support for Overlord and promises a major Soviet offensive to help prevent German reinforcement of France.
Soviet Supporting Offensive Commitment Confirmed
Stalin confirms that Soviet forces will attack around the time of Overlord to hinder German troop transfers westward.
Yugoslav Partisan Support Agreement Confirmed
Stalin joins the agreement to provide Yugoslav Partisans with supplies, equipment and commando support.
Conference of Moscow
Final day of the Moscow Conference
Capture of Bryansk
Stalin announces the Russian capture of Bryansk
Capture of Roslavl
Russians captue Roslavl
Capture of Smolensk
Russians captue Smolensk
Independence of Iran
The 3 powers at the Tehran Conference agree to a post-war independent Iran
Independence of Russia
The 3 powers at the Tehran Conference agree to a post-war independent Iran
Rule of Poland
The 3 powers at the Tehran Conference move Polands frontiers westward
Casablance Conference
Rejects Roosevelts offer to attend the Casablance Conference
Comintern
In order to allay the misgivings of its allies in World War II, the Soviet Union dissolves the Comintern
Comintern
In order to allay the misgivings of its allies in World War II, the Soviet Union dissolves the Comintern. Dissolves the Comintern
Conference of Casablanca
Stalin refuses an invitation to attend the Casablanca Conference
Conference of Casablanca
Rejects Roosevelts offer to attend the Casablance Conference. Refuses an offer from Roosevelt to attend the Conference, plays injured party
Declaration of Moscow
The future of Austria as an independent state is assured
Recognition of the Union of Polish Patriots
Stalin recognizes the "Union of Polish Patriots", a Soviet puppet regime
Union of Polish Patriots
Stalin recognizes the "Union of Polish Patriots", a Soviet puppet regime
Polish National Council
Founds the Polish National Council to establish communist rule in Poland
Invasion of Poland
The Red Army crosses into Poland
Red Army
The Red Army crosses into Poland
Soviet Curzon Line Proposal
The Soviet Government publicly proposes that a future Polish-Soviet boundary follow approximately the Curzon Line with possible adjustments favourable to Poland.
Invasion of Poland
Russia rejects a Polish proposal to negotiate a boundary dispute
Siege of Korsun
The 1st & 2nd Ukranian Fronts attempt to cut off the Germans
Siege of Leningrad
The Soviet Union announces the end of the deadly German siege of Leningrad, which had lasted 880 days with 600,000 killed. 633,000 civilians had died from starvation & a 200,000 from German military action
Siege of Leningrad
The Germans fall back to the River Luga
Armia Ludowa
Founds the Peoples Army in Poland, a rival Polish Army to fight the Germans
Siege of Korsun
The Korsun pocket is closed
Exile of Joseph Stalin
Orders mass deportation of Caucasian Muslim nations, Chechens & Ingush to Kazakhstan are deported for resisting Soviet rule and abetting the Germans, 475,000 persons are evicted
Finns ask for peace
The Finns ask for peace but Stalins terms are unacceptable
Siege of Odessa
Soviet forces liberate Odessa from Nazis
Capture of Crimea
Russia recaptures Crimea by taking Sevastopol
Siege of Sevastopol
Russia recaptures Crimea by taking Sevastopol
Agreement on An offensive during the Normandy landings
Ath Churchills request Stalin agrees to an offensive during the Normandy landings
Invasion of Ukraine
As agreed at Tehran Stalin launches an offensive from Leningrad to the Ukraine
Operation Overlord
Ath Churchills request Stalin agrees to an offensive during the Normandy landings
Capture of Minsk
The way to Poland is open to the Red Army
Front-Belorussia
The Russians reach the 1939 Polish border, west of Kovel
Declines Distant Conference Travel
Explains that the military situation prevents him from leaving the Soviet Union for a distant conference.
Capture of Lublin
1st Belorussian front enters Lublin
Committee of Lublin
The Lublin Committee to set up a communist infrastructure in Poland meets Stalin. The committee subordinate the Poles fighting with the Russians to Russia
Reballion of Warsaw
Warsaw rebels against the Germans, Stalin encourages it but does not provide support
Conference of Dumbarton Oaks
The US, Britain, Russia and China open the Dumbarton Oaks Conference in Washington, DC, laying the foundation for the establishment of the UN
United Nations
The US, Britain, Russia and China open the Dumbarton Oaks Conference in Washington, DC, laying the foundation for the establishment of the UN
Peace
Finland asks Russia for peace terms
Capture of Bucharest
Russian forces enter Bucharest
Ceasefire
A ceasefire is agreed between the Finns & the Soviet Forces on the Finnish front
Peace
A ceasefire is agreed between the Finns & the Soviet Forces on the Finnish front
Declaration of War
Russia declares war on Bulgaria. Bulgaria declares war on Germany then declares an armistice with Russia
Peace
Bulgaria decides to agree an armistice with Russia & declare war on Germany
Invasion of Bulgaria
Russia invades Bulgaria
Curzon Line as Settlement Condition
Stalin tells Mikolajczyk that acceptance of the Curzon Line as the Soviet-Polish boundary is essential before a broader political settlement can proceed.
Minor Curzon Line Adjustments
Stalin says the Curzon Line must remain the basis of settlement but allows that final demarcation could shift seven or eight kilometres in places.
Rejects Major Lwow Adjustment
Stalin tells Churchill that final demarcation may allow small local changes but not a major alteration transferring Lwow west of the Curzon-based frontier.
Invasion of Czech
Soviet troops invade Czechoslovakia during World War II
Suggests Black Sea Conference Area
Suggests that the next Big Three meeting take place in the Black Sea area.
Invasion of Hungary
The Soviet army invades Hungary
Insists on Soviet Black Sea Site
States that a location on the Soviet Black Sea coast would be the most suitable conference site.
Requests Soviet Port City Venue
Again asks that the conference be held in one of the Soviet Union's Black Sea port cities.
Exile of Joseph Stalin
Stalin deports 250,000 Tatars from Crimea to Uzbekistan, they do not return home until the fall of the Soviet Union leading supporters, from Kamenev down, were expelled in December 1927 by the XVth Party Congress, which paved the way for mass expulsio
Rule of Crimea
Stalin deports 250,000 Tatars from Crimea to Uzbekistan, they do not return home until the fall of the Soviet Union
Siege of Budapest
Advancing Soviet troops surround Budapest
Opposes Delay on Lublin Recognition
Opposes postponing recognition of the Soviet-backed Lublin Committee until the Big Three conference.
Rejects Part of UN Voting Proposal
Rejects part of the American formula for Security Council voting before the Yalta negotiations.
Accepts Chiang Kai-sheks China as a big 5 member of the United
Accepts Chiang Kai-sheks China as a "big 5" member of the United Nations Security Council
Capture of Tuva
The Soviet Union annexes Tuva and closes the region to the outside world
Churchill flies to Moscow & discusses postwar Europe with Stalin
Churchill flies to Moscow & discusses postwar Europe with Stalin
Deportation
Russian security forces deport the entire Ingush nation of 100,000. Russian security forces deport the entire Chechen nation of 400,000. Russian security forces deport 100,000 from the north Caucasus
Rule of Bulgaria
Stalin suggests to Churchill that Bulgaria should be 75% Russian 25% British-American
Rule of Romania
Stalin suggests to Churchill that Romania should be 90% Russian 10% British
Rule of Tuva
The Soviet Union annexes Tuva and closes the region to the outside world
Siege of Warsaw
Stalin allows the Nazis to crush the Warsaw rebellion so he can occupy a weaker Poland
Accepts Argonaut Conference Code Name
Accepts the Allied code name Argonaut for the forthcoming Malta and Yalta conference arrangements.
Invasion of Poland
Russian troops cross the Polish border
Discusses France with Roosevelt
Discusses France's postwar role with Roosevelt during their first bilateral Yalta meeting.
Soviet Position at Yalta
Represents the Soviet Union in the opening Yalta discussions with Roosevelt and Churchill.
Presses German Reparations Question
Presses the Allies to settle principles for extracting reparations from defeated Germany.
Defends Curzon Line
Stalin argues that the Curzon Line was devised by non-Russian Allied statesmen on ethnographic grounds and says he cannot retreat substantially from it.
Requests Soviet UN Assembly Votes
Requests separate United Nations representation for several Soviet republics during the fourth plenary session.
Accepts Two Soviet Republic UN Seats
Accepts a compromise under which Ukraine and Byelorussia will be supported for separate United Nations membership.
States Conditions for War against Japan
Discusses political conditions under which the Soviet Union would enter the war against Japan.
Proposes Amendments on Poland
Presents Soviet amendments to the American proposal on the composition of the Polish government.
Accepts Polish Government Formula
Agrees to a formula for reorganizing the Soviet-backed Polish provisional government on a broader basis.
Drafts Political Terms for Japan Entry
Drafts conditions concerning Mongolia, Sakhalin, Port Arthur, Dairen and Manchurian railways for Soviet entry against Japan.
Approves Periodic Foreign Ministers Consultation
Agrees to regular meetings of the three foreign ministers, beginning with a session in London.
Far Eastern Yalta Terms
Secures Allied agreement to Soviet interests in southern Sakhalin, the Kurile Islands, Port Arthur and Manchurian railways.
Raises Iranian Oil at Final Luncheon
Raises the subject of Iranian oil during the final tripartite luncheon.
Signs Agreement to Enter War against Japan
Agrees that the Soviet Union will enter the war against Japan after Germany's defeat under specified Far Eastern conditions.
Signs German Reparations Protocol
Signs the reparations protocol calling for German payments in kind to Allied countries.
Arrest of Sixteen Polish Leaders
Soviet security authorities arrest sixteen Polish underground leaders invited to talks on implementing the Yalta political settlement.
Lublin Committee
This record states: Churchill argued to Roosevelt that it was "as plain as a pike staff" that Moscows tactics were to drag out the period for holding free elections "while the Lublin Committee consolidate their power."
Lublin Committee
This record states: The Soviet Peoples Commissariat for Internal Affairs (NKVD) arrested 16 Polish opposition political leaders that had been invited to participate in provisional Government negotiations.
Lublin Committee
This record states: The arrests were part of a trick employed by the NKVD, which flew the leaders to Moscow for a later show trial followed by sentencing to a gulag.
Trial of the Sixteen
The Polish Government Delegates, together with most members of the Council of National Unity and the Commander-in-chief of the Armia Krajowa, were invited by Soviet general Ivan Serov with the agreement of Joseph Stalin to a conference on their eventual entry to the Soviet-backed Provisional Government. They are presented with a warrant of safety, but are arrested in Pruszkow by the NKVD on 27 and 28 March
Denounces the neutrality pact with Japan signed Thirteenth April
Denounces the neutrality pact with Japan signed Thirteenth April
Neutrality
Denounces the neutrality pact with Japan signed Thirteenth April
Capture of Vienna
Soviet forces take Vienna
Government
Russia establishes a provisional coaltion Government with Renner as Prime Minister
Capture of Berlin
Russian troops reach the suburbs of Berlin
Soviet Treaty with Polish Provisional Government
Signs a Soviet treaty with the Polish provisional government as disputes continue over implementation of the Yalta settlement.
Battle of Berlin
1st day of the Battle of Berlin with 1,000,000 plus Russians against 60,000 Germans
Battle of Berlin
The US & Russian troops meet at the River Elbe
Invasion of Germany
American & Russian troops link forces at the River Elbe
Battle of Berlin
300,000 Russian soldiers are killed
Churchill appeals to Stalin not to unilaterally impose Russian rule on Yugoslavia
Churchill appeals to Stalin not to unilaterally impose Russian rule on Yugoslavia. Churchill appeals to Stalin not to unilaterally impose Russian rule on Poland
Rule of Poland
Churchill appeals to Stalin not to unilaterally impose Russian rule on Poland
Capture of Berlin
The Red Army hoists the Red Flag over the Reichstag in Berlin
Red Army
The Red Army hoists the Red Flag over the Reichstag in Berlin
Neutrality
Russia informs Japan it will not renew the Sovietese neutrality pact
Russia informs Japan it will not renew the Sovietese neutrality pact
Russia informs Japan it will not renew the Sovietese neutrality pact
Battle of Berlin
Berlin surrenders, 17 days after the 1st day of the battle
Capture of Berlin
Berlin surrenders to the Soviet Army
Capture of Berlin
Berlin falls to the Allies
Invasion of Germany
The Red flag is raised over the Reichstag
Result of Surrender of German High Command
The German High Command formally accepts unconditional military surrender.
Surrender of German High Command
The German High Command signs a document of unconditional surrender
Result of Surrender of Germany
The final German capitulation ends the European war.
Surrender of Germany
German commanders sign unconditional surrender, ends the war in Europe
Allied Control Commission (ACC)
The Allied Control Commission administers Germany after it's occupation by the Allies
Rule of Germany
USA, Britain, Russia & France declare supreme authority over Germany
USA, Britain, Russia & France declare supreme authority over Germany
USA, Britain, Russia & France declare supreme authority over Germany
Trial of the Sixteen
The trial takes place between 18 and 21 June 1945 with foreign press and observers from the United Kingdom and USA present. The date was chosen carefully to be at the same time as a conference on the creation of the Soviet-backed Polish puppet Government was organized
Trial of the Sixteen
According to international law the trial should not have taken place.
Trial of the Sixteen
All but one of the defendants were forced to admit to the alleged crimes, and on 21 June the verdict was issued.
Trial of the Sixteen
General Okulickis witnesses were not allowed to enter the court, which was a violation of Soviet law.
Trial of the Sixteen
The Soviet Union kidnapped and sentenced a group of citizens of a foreign country whose alleged crimes were committed on a foreign land.
Trial of the Sixteen
They were deprived of basic human rights and tortured.
Japan offers Russia concessions for a non-aggression pact
Japan offers Russia concessions for a non-aggression pact
Political Support
The United Kingdom and the USA withdrew support for the legitimate Polish Government in exile, and all its agendas in Poland
Rule of Poland
The United Kingdom and the USA withdrew support for the legitimate Polish Government in exile, and all its agendas in Poland
Trial of the Sixteen
The United Kingdom and the USA withdrew support for the legitimate Polish Government in exile, and all its agendas in Poland
1st Atomic Weapons
President Harry S. Truman discloses to Soviet leader Joseph Stalin that the United States has atomic weapons, Stalin feigns little surprise; he already knows this through espionage
first Atomic weapons
President Harry S. Truman discloses to Soviet leader Joseph Stalin that the United States has atomic weapons, Stalin feigns little surprise; he already knows this through espionage
Peace Mediation
Japan askes Russia to mediate peace without unconditional surrender, Stalin refuses
Declaration of War
Russia declares war on Japan. Rusiia declares war on Japan
Invasion of Manchuria
Russia invades Manchuria
Capture of Harbin
The Russians occupy Harbin in Manchuria
Capture of Mukden
The Russians occupy Mukden in Manchuria
Nuclear Power
The USSR announces that it will make its own atomic bomb
Alliance Joseph Stalin and Government of Chiang Kai-Shek
Signs the Treaty of Friendship & Alliance with the Government of Chiang Kai-Shek
Partition
The USA & Russia partition Korea
Rule of Korea
The USA & Russia partition Korea
Rule of Kurile Islands
Russia will gain the Kurile Islands & Sakhalin if it holds Japan on the Asian mainland
Rule of Sakhalin
Russia will gain the Kurile Islands & Sakhalin if it holds Japan on the Asian mainland
Treaty of Friendship
Signs the Treaty of Friendship & Alliance with the Government of Chiang Kai-Shek
Treaty of Friendship & Alliance with the Government
Signs the Treaty of Friendship & Alliance with the Government of Chiang Kai-Shek
Independence of Russia
Russia, Britain, the USA & France recognize Austria with its 1937 boundaries
Speech
Makes an "electoral speech" attacking leading intellectuals
Visit to Moscow
Marshal Tito is personally received by Stalin during his visit to Moscow
US Secretary of State Burns protests about how Russia has stripped assets
US Secretary of State Burns protests about how Russia has stripped assets from Hungary
CIB
Orders the launch the Communist Information Bureau in response to the Marshall Plan
Nuclear Power
Soviet scientists achieve their first nuclear chain reaction
Censorship
Any favarouble references to the Tsars are removed from school text books
Constitution of Russia
Founds the Council of Minister's
Council of Minister's
Replaces the Council of Peoples Commissars as the Government of Russia. Founds the Council of Minister's. Commissars become ministers
Cult of Individual
A cult of Stalin begins
Economy of Russia
The 4th Five-Year Plan (1946-1950) drastically improves the standard of living for the common citizen from a very low level
Five Year Plan
The 4th Five-Year Plan (1946-1950) drastically improves the standard of living for the common citizen from a very low level
Reballion of Rebels in Moscow
Stalin orders Beria to "finish off the outlaws in the shortest possible time"
Reballion of Rebels in Ukraine
About 8,000 anti-communist partisans are killed in the Ukraine
Socialist Unity Party
Ensures dominance of East Germany by supporting the Socialist Unity Party
Rule of Poland
The Polish elections, held on January 16, 1947, resulted in Polands official transformation to a communist state by 1949
Polish Election and Yalta Commitments
Poland holds elections under a Soviet-dominated political system, intensifying Western claims that Yalta's free-election commitments were not fulfilled.
Famine
Famine in the Ukraine, 1946-1947
Conference of Big Four
Russia demands $10 billion in reparations & control of the Ruhr, this is not agreed. A conference opens in Moscow to discuss the development of post-war Germany
Berlin Land Routes Blocked
Soviet restrictions close major land routes into the Western sectors of Berlin.
Blockade of Berlin
The Russians blockade land routes to Berlin
Plan-Marshall Plan
Forces the Eastern block & Russia to reject the Marshall plan
Cominform
Cominform (from Communist Information Bureau) is the common name for what is officially referred to as the Information Bureau of the Communist and Workers' Parties
Cominform
The Cominform has as its stated goal. "..to organize an exchange of experience, and where necessary to coordinate the activity of the Communist parties, on the basis of mutual agreement."
Cominform
The Cominform has its own newspaper, For Lasting Peace, for People's Democracy!
Cominform
The Cominform is based on the Comintern which was dissolved in 1942, it co-ordinates European Communist Parties
Cominform
The Cominform the first official forum of the International Communist Movement since the dissolution of the Comintern and confirmed the new realities after World War II, including the creation of an Eastern Bloc
Information Bureau of the Communist and Workers' Partie
Cominform (from Communist Information Bureau) is the common name for what is officially referred to as the Information Bureau of the Communist and Workers' Parties
Comecon
Orders communist-dominated Governments to pull out of the Paris Conference on the European Recovery Programme
Conference of European Recovery Programme
Orders communist-dominated Governments to pull out of the Paris Conference on the European Recovery Programme
Berlin Crisis Diplomacy Opened
Western ambassadors seek a negotiated solution with Stalin as access to Berlin becomes an international crisis.
Blockade of Berlin
British, French & US Ambassadors meet Stalin to find a solution
Cominform
Cominform was a Soviet-dominated organization of Communist parties founded at a conference of Communist party leaders in Szklarska Poreba, Poland
International Conference at Szklarska Poreba
Cominform was a Soviet-dominated organization of Communist parties founded at a conference of Communist party leaders in Szklarska Poreba, Poland
Council of Foreign Minister's
1st day of the council to discuss the future of post-war Germany
Council of Foreign Minister's
The controlling Council of Germany breaks up after failing to agree the future
Economy of Russia
The Russian currency is reformed
Reform of Currency
The Russian currency is reformed
Cominform
Cominform was initially located in Belgrade (then the capital of the Federative People's Republic of Yugoslavia)
Comintern
The Cominform is based on the Comintern which was dissolved in 1942, it co-ordinates European Communist Parties
Capture of Prague
The Czechoslovak Communist Party is ordered to take power in Prague
Coup
The Czechoslovak Communist Party is ordered to take power in Prague
Berlin Emergency Air Supply Tested
Clay orders an early emergency air-supply operation to test whether Berlin can be sustained without unrestricted land access.
Blockade of Berlin
General Clay orders a "baby airlift" into Berlin of enough supplies for 45 days
Russia halts 2 US & British trains
Russia halts 2 US & British trains after theiy refuse access to Russian inspectors
Conference of London
Authorizes the Lander & provisional assemblies to open a constituent assembly
Constitution of Russia
Authorizes the Lander & provisional assemblies to open a constituent assembly
Berlin Road Rail and Power Restrictions Intensified
Soviet measures halt road and rail access and restrict power supplies while the Western airlift and counter-blockade expand.
Blockade of Berlin
The west announces a counter-blockade from west to east. Russian power cuts in west Berlin & a halt of all railway traffic. Russia imposes a blockade on Berlin. Announces the blockade & imposes a total road & rail blockade in & out of Berlin
Cominform
Yugoslavia is expelled from the Cominform
Diplomatic Expulsion
Yugoslavia is expelled from the Cominform
Purge
Lenigrad is purged
Berlin Western Sectors Pressured
The Soviet blockade is intended to force Britain, France and the United States to abandon their positions in Berlin.
Blockade of Berlin
Trys to push the Allies out of their zones by blockading Berlin, June 1948-Spring 1949
Cominform
After the expulsion of Yugoslavia from the group the seat is moved to Bucharest, Romania
Diplomatic Expulsion at Moscow
Yugoslavia is expelled from the Cominform. The German D-Mark is banned from circulation in the FDR
DPRK
Russia founds the DPRK in North Korea
Comecon
Comecon is established at a Moscow economic conference January 5-January 8, 1949, at which the six founding member countries are represented
Economy of Russia
Comecon is established at a Moscow economic conference January 5-January 8, 1949, at which the six founding member countries are represented
Comecon
Comecons foundation is publicly announced
Berlin Soviet Restrictions Lifted
Soviet authorities end the blockade after the Western powers maintain access through the airlift.
Blockade of Berlin
The Berlin blockade is lifted after 327 days, both sides claim victory. Calls off the Berlin Blockade after more than a year
Unification
Russia rejects a western plea for German reunification
First Soviet Atomic Test
The Soviet Union conducts its first atomic bomb test, ending the United States nuclear monopoly.
Soviet Atomic Bomb
The Soviet Union tests its first atomic bomb.
Stalin condemns Tito
Stalin condemns Tito
Diplomatic Negotiations at Moscow
Mao Tse-Tung has talks with Stalin in Moscow
Comecon
The Comecon was the Eastern Blocs reply to the formation of the Organisation for European Economic Co-operation in western Europe. Founds the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance to improve Soviet bloc trade. Founded by the Soviet Union, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland, and Romania
Nuclear Power
Russia successfully tests the atomic bomb
Political Support at Moscow
Supports the creation of the German Democratic Republic
United Nations
Britain appeals to Moscow to ask North Korea to stop the war, Russia declines
Comecon
East Germany joins the Comecon
Military Aid Agreement
Russia provides economic & military assistance to the PRC
Economy of Russia
5th Five-Year Plan, 1951-55
International Conference at Moscow
Russia proposes a 4 power conference on the unification & rearmament of Germany
Unification
Russia proposes a 4 power conference on the unification & rearmament of Germany
Diplomatic Proposal
Stalins proposals for German unification are rejected by the west
Unification
Stalins proposals for German unification are rejected by the west
Congress of Communist Party, 19th
19th Party Congress of the Communist Party
Peace Treaty
Russia declares the peace Treaty with Japan invalid
CPSU
The Russian Communist Party is renamed the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
Execution
10 prominent Jews are found guilty of "Jewish nationalism" & shot
KGB (Committee for State Security)
The Soviet Committee of State Security, KGB, is formed
Presidium
The Politburo is renamed the Presidium, it is the inner council & supreme body
Persecution
Stalins anti-Semitism becomes official state policy
Plot
Stalin arrests & charges 9 Kremlin doctors for plotting to kill Russian leaders. Outbreak of the Doctors Plot
Plot
28 doctors & their wives are arrested
Health of Joseph Stalin
Suffers from a stroke, doctors are frightened to treat him
Death of Joseph Stalin
Death of Joseph Stalin
Death of Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin
Death of Joseph Stalin
Burial
Funeral of Joseph Stalin
Cominform
The Cominform is dissolved after the Soviet rapprochement with Yugoslavia and the process of De-Stalinization
Congress of Communist Party, 20th
During the Twentieth Party Congress Krushcev attacks Stalins cult of the individual
Congress of Communist Party, 29th
During the Twentieth Party Congress Krushcev attacks Stalins cult of the individual
Cult of Individual
During the Twentieth Party Congress Krushcev attacks Stalins cult of the individual. Decrees the end of the cult of the individual
Burial
Stalins body is removed from Lenins side in the Mausoleum on Red Square
Search the database
Use the interactive Biography search to combine this person with country, category, sub-category and event filters.
Editorial provenance
Compiled and edited by World History Database
Biography timelines are compiled from the World History Database and checked against established historical and biographical reference sources.
Last reviewed: September 2026.
Reference points include Encyclopaedia Britannica biographies, The National Archives, Library of Congress, and U.S. National Archives. Individual database records may draw on additional specialist sources appropriate to the person, period or event.
Related biographies