Capture of Rhodes
The Turks lose 50,000. Captured after a 6 month siege, once the base of the knights of St John
Historical events in 1523
60 historical records
January 15233 historical events
Siege of Rhodes
The Turks lose 50,000. Captured after a 6 month siege, once the base of the knights of St John
Calais Wool Staple Agreement
Concludes an Anglo-Imperial commercial arrangement regulating coinage and the Calais wool staple alongside the continuing political alliance.
March 15231 historical events
Great Enterprise
Henry VIII prepares for the fuller invasion of France promised under the Anglo-Imperial alliance.
April 15233 historical events
Parliament
Opening of Henry VIIIs 4th Parliament
More Requests Freedom of Speech
Speaker Thomas More asks Henry VIII to interpret parliamentary speeches favourably, the earliest well-known Commons claim associated with freedom of debate.
Thomas More Chosen Speaker
Thomas More becomes Speaker of the Commons during Henry VIII's major wartime Parliament and represents the House before the king.
June 15232 historical events
Succession
Gustav is elected King at the riksdag in Strangnas, later been celebrated as the Swedish national holiday
Independence of Sweden
Gustav is elected King at the riksdag in Strangnas, later been celebrated as the Swedish national holiday
July 15233 historical events
Death of Martin Luther
Two of Luthers followers, Augustine monks from Antwerp, are burnt alive
Execution
Two of Luthers followers, Augustine monks from Antwerp, are burnt alive
Attainment
Stafford is attainted by Parliament
August 15232 historical events
Dissolution of Parliament
Henry VIIIs 4th Parliament closes
Invasion of France
English forces gather at Calais for the invasion of northern France.
September 15232 historical events
Invasion of France
The Duke of Suffolk leads an English army through Picardy during the campaign against France.
Suffolk French Expedition
Brandon takes command of a large English army at Calais and begins an ambitious advance through northern France intended to threaten Paris.
October 15232 historical events
Great Enterprise
English forces advance deep into northern France but fail to take Paris or force a decisive settlement.
Advance through Picardy
Suffolk drives the English invasion through Picardy, capturing and burning towns as the army advances farther into France than Henry's previous raids.
November 15235 historical events
Invasion of France
Knighted by the Duke of Suffolk during the latters invasion of France
Knighthood
Knighted by the Duke of Suffolk during the latters invasion of France
Pope
Appointed Pope, Cardinal Giulo de Medici
Retreat
Suffolk's army withdraws toward Calais after the 1523 campaign loses momentum.
Retreat from France
Suffolk orders the invasion force back toward Calais as winter, sickness and supply problems make the planned advance toward Paris unsustainable.
Abdication
Christian II is deposed after a rebellion by the Church
Exile of Christian II
Flees Denmark after a rebellion, Frederick Duke of Schleswig Holstein is elected King
Invasion of Sweden
Driven out of Sweden by Gustav Vasa, ending the Kalmar Union
Constitution of England
Makes the 1st request by a Speaker for freedom of speech in the House of Commons
Reform of Free Speech
Expresses the first known request by a Speaker of the House for free speech
Speaker of House of Commons
Appointed Speaker of the House of Commons
Election
Passes the Attainders through Parliament, first instigated by Catherine Howard
Member of Parliament
Obtains a seat in the House of Commons
Reform of Church-State Relations
Act for the Pardon of the Clergy, the Clergy are forced to submit to Royal Supremacy
Reform of Government
Worsteds woven in Norwich must be dyed anywhere except Norwich
Alliance Henry VIII and Imperial and Bourbon interests
England coordinates with Imperial and Bourbon interests against Francis I.
Alliance league is formed comprising Henry VIII, the Habsburgs and the Bourbons
A league is formed comprising Henry VIII, the Habsburgs & the Bourbons
Attainment
An Act of Attainder is passed against the Edward, Duke of Buckingham
Commons Negotiates Wartime Subsidy
After prolonged debate, Parliament grants a substantial subsidy while reducing the financial demand initially advanced by Wolsey.
Defender of the Faith
Thomas More answers Luther in defence of Henry VIII's title and anti-Lutheran position.
Responsio ad Lutherum
More publishes Responsio ad Lutherum, answering Martin Luther in defence of Henry VIII's religious position.
Speaker of the House of Commons
More serves as Speaker of the House of Commons.
Bishop
Appointed Bishop of Durham
Invasion of France
Commands an unsuccessful invasion of France
Invasion of France
Takes part in the Duke of Suffolks expedtion to France
Invasion of France
Suffolk leads an 11,000 expedition into France
Invasion of France
Suffolk crosses the Somme & threatens Paris but is forced to retreat
Siege of Paris
Suffolk crosses the Somme & threatens Paris but is forced to retreat
Succession
Succeeds as Shah of India
Machiavelli Analyzes Factional Urban Government
In composing the Florentine Histories Machiavelli examined recurring clashes among families and social groups. His account stressed the distinctive causes and consequences of political division in Florence.
Governor
Appointed Governor of Mexico City
Capture of Honduras
Completes the Capture of Honduras
Constitution of Sweden
Labelled the founder of modern Sweden, and the "father of the nation", Gustav liked to compare himself to Moses, whom he believed to have also liberated his people and established a state. Becomes the first truly autocratic native Swedish sovereign, a skilled propagandist and bureaucrat who lays the foundations for a more efficient centralized Government
Abdication
Gustavus I Vasa & the Hanseatic League depose Christian II of Denmark
Election
Elected King of Sweden by the Diet, the Swedish Parliament in Stockholm
Hanseatic League
Gustavus I Vasa & the Hanseatic League depose Christian II of Denmark
Independence of Sweden
Gustavus I Vasa & the Hanseatic League depose Christian II of Denmark. Gustavus I Vasas uncle Frederick is elected King in Denmark
Succession
Largely unknown, becomes the ruler of a still divided country without a central Government
Succession
Succeeds as King of Sweden
Unification
Largely unknown, becomes the ruler of a still divided country without a central Government. Labelled the founder of modern Sweden, and the "father of the nation", Gustav liked to compare himself to Moses, whom he believed to have also liberated his people and established a state. Becomes the first truly autocratic native Swedish sovereign, a skilled propagandist and bureaucrat who lays the foundations for a more efficient centralized Government
Vasa Dynasty
Gustavus I Vasa founds the Vasa Dynasty, first monarch of the House of Vasa
Reform of Church Governance
The Zurich town Council adopts Zwinglis programme of Protestant reforms