Peace Negotiations at London
Joins the peace negotiations between England & France
Historical events in 1525
172 historical records
January 15251 historical events
February 152517 historical events
Arrest of Francis I
Francis I is captured in Lombardy by the Viceroy of Naples in a war against Charles I
Battle of Pavia
Francis I is captured in Lombardy by the Viceroy of Naples in a war against Charles I
Battle of Pavia
Louis de la Tr‚moille falls from his horse & is shot through the heart
Battle of Pavia
Death of Louis de la Tr‚moille, dies from wounds inflicted at the Battle of Pavia. Charles V, the Holy Roman Emperor, defeats Francis I, King of France, taking him prisoner to Spain
Battle of Pavia
Francis I is captured in Lombardy by the Viceroy of Naples in a war against Charles V. Charles V, the Holy Roman Emperor, defeats Francis I, King of France, taking him prisoner to Spain. A birthday gift was the person of the King of France, Spanish hegemony in Italy dates from the Battle of Pavia
Rule of Italy
A birthday gift was the person of the King of France, Spanish hegemony in Italy dates from the Battle of Pavia
Battle of Pavia
Avalos surprises the French with 1500 Spanish arquebusiers
Battle of Pavia
The capture of Francis I at Pavia encourages Henry VIII to revive plans for a conquest of France.
Battle of Pavia
The Habsburg victory at Pavia and capture of Francis I encourage Henry VIII to revive plans for war against France.
Capture
Francis I is captured at Pavia, creating an opening for Henry VIII to press English claims in France.
Capture
Francis I is captured during the Battle of Pavia, creating an opportunity for Henry VIII's French ambitions.
Great Enterprise
Henry VIII and Wolsey revive the Great Enterprise after the French defeat at Pavia.
Invasion of France
The capture of Francis I at Pavia encourages Henry VIII to renew plans for an invasion of France.
Partition
Henry VIII and Wolsey consider schemes to partition France after the capture of Francis I at Pavia.
Battle of Pavia
Francis I is captured during the Battle of Pavia
Battle of Pavia
Death of Jacques de la Palice, killed at the Battle of Pavia
Death of Jacques de la Palice
Death of Jacques de la Palice, killed at the Battle of Pavia
March 152520 historical events
Peace Negotiations at Pavia
Henry breaks off peace negotiations with France after Francis Is capture at Pavia
Invasion of France
Public rejoicing at St Paul's Cathedral marks Henry VIII's hope that Pavia will enable a renewed French campaign.
Thanksgiving
After Francis I's capture Henry VIII orders public rejoicing and a mass at St Paul's Cathedral.
Reform of Church Governance
The Amicable Grant is raised to invade France, 6th of laity & 3rd of clergy income. Commissioners are appointed to collect the Amicable Grant
Amicable Grant
The Amicable Grant is promoted to fund a planned invasion of France after the capture of Francis I.
Invasion of France
The Amicable Grant is promoted to finance Henry VIII's proposed invasion of France.
Invasion of France
The Amicable Grant is raised to finance Henry VIII's planned invasion of France.
Taxation
The Amicable Grant seeks heavy payments from laity and clergy to finance Henry VIII's French war plans.
Wolsey Directs Grant Assessment
Wolsey directs commissioners to assess wealth and collect the grant without normal parliamentary approval, generating widespread resistance.
Amicable Grant Announced
Henry VIII's government demands an extraordinary contribution known as the Amicable Grant to finance renewed ambitions against France.
Amicable Grant
Wolsey attempts to raise a forced loan to fund Henry VIII's planned war against France.
Amicable Grant
Wolsey promotes the Amicable Grant to raise money for Henry VIII's revived Great Enterprise.
Amicable Grant
Wolsey proposes the Amicable Grant as a forced loan to finance Henry VIII's planned war against France.
Taxation
The government seeks money without parliamentary grant, increasing resentment against Wolsey's fiscal policy.
Amicable Grant
Wolsey presses the Amicable Grant as the fiscal basis for the planned French campaign.
Great Enterprise
Wolsey prepares diplomatic and financial measures for Henry VIII's proposed invasion of France.
Great Enterprise
Thomas Howard is available as a senior noble commander while Henry VIII and Wolsey consider a renewed invasion of France.
Great Enterprise
Thomas Howard, Duke of Norfolk, remains one of Henry VIII's principal military magnates during the French war planning.
Great Enterprise
Charles Brandon, Duke of Suffolk, stands among the senior military nobles available for a renewed French campaign.
Great Enterprise
Henry VIII orders renewed planning for the Great Enterprise after the French defeat at Pavia.
April 152511 historical events
Succession
Succeeds as Duke of Germany. Leader of the Teutonic order assumes the title "Duke of Prussia"
Reform of Government
Henry renounces the Amicable Grant
Amicable Grant
Opposition to the Amicable Grant spreads through Essex and threatens wider disorder.
Amicable Grant
Resistance to the Amicable Grant appears in Kent as taxpayers object to the forced contribution.
Amicable Grant
Taxpayers in Suffolk refuse payment and resistance grows in the cloth-making districts.
Tax Resistance
Opposition to the Amicable Grant extends into Essex and weakens the government's attempt to collect the levy.
Tax Resistance
Resistance to the Amicable Grant spreads in Suffolk as taxpayers refuse the forced loan.
Tax Resistance
Resistance to Wolsey's forced loan spreads in Essex as taxpayers reject the levy for the French campaign.
Amicable Grant
Thomas Howard supports royal authority as the government seeks money for Henry VIII's planned French campaign.
Muster
Thomas Howard supports royal authority as the government tries to enforce payments for the French war plan.
Muster
Charles Brandon is associated with government mobilisation in East Anglia as resistance to the Amicable Grant grows.
May 152525 historical events
Death of Thomas Munzer
The leader of the southern peasant revolt is beheaded
Execution
The leader of the southern peasant revolt is beheaded
Amicable Grant Abandoned
Wolsey accepts the abandonment of the grant, leaving the crown to retreat from a fiscal policy that had produced dangerous popular unrest.
Lavenham Clothworkers Resist Levy
Clothworkers and other inhabitants resist the levy in the Lavenham area, demonstrating the economic anger produced by the government's demand.
Suffolk Faces East Anglian Resistance
The Duke of Suffolk confronts organised crowds in East Anglia and reports that coercive collection could provoke a much larger rebellion.
Grant Collection Suspended
Henry VIII orders collectors to stop pressing the unpopular levy after reports show that resistance is spreading faster than the government can contain it.
Great Enterprise
The Great Enterprise is abandoned after resistance to the Amicable Grant makes the proposed invasion unaffordable.
Lavenham Revolt
Thousands gather at Lavenham in protest against the Amicable Grant and the burden of royal taxation.
Lavenham Revolt
Thousands gather at Lavenham to oppose the Amicable Grant and the burden of royal taxation.
Pardon
Leaders of the Amicable Grant resistance submit before royal authority and are pardoned.
Pardon
Ringleaders of the Amicable Grant resistance are brought before Star Chamber and pardoned after submission.
Political Crisis
The failure of the Amicable Grant damages Wolsey's authority and exposes limits on extra-parliamentary taxation.
Reballion of Rebels in Lavenham
The Duke of Suffolk confronts armed resistance to the Amicable Grant in the cloth districts of Suffolk.
Reballion of danger of
The Duke of Suffolk confronts organised resistance to the levy and warns of the danger of rebellion.
Taxation
Henry VIII abandons the Amicable Grant after widespread opposition makes collection impossible.
Taxation
Henry VIII abandons the Amicable Grant after widespread resistance and the danger of rebellion.
Lavenham Revolt
Sir John Spring is associated with the government side during resistance to the Amicable Grant at Lavenham.
Lavenham Revolt
Thomas Howard is named among the royal leaders responding to resistance against the Amicable Grant.
Lavenham Revolt
Thomas Howard is named among the royal leaders responding to the Amicable Grant disturbances.
Reballion of Rebels in East Anglia
Thomas Howard supports the Crown's suppression of resistance to the Amicable Grant.
Suppressression
Thomas Howard helps suppress opposition to the Amicable Grant after resistance threatens Henry VIII's war plans.
Lavenham Revolt
Charles Brandon helps confront resistance to the Amicable Grant in Suffolk.
Reballion of Rebels in Lavenham
Charles Brandon helps secure submission from rebels opposing the Amicable Grant.
Invasion of France
Henry VIII abandons the proposed invasion after the Amicable Grant fails to produce the necessary war finance.
Tax Resistance
Opposition to the Amicable Grant threatens armed disorder and undermines Henry VIII's French war plans.
June 15254 historical events
Peerage
Created Viscount Rochford, Henry VIII 1st meets Anne Boleyn
Peerage
Created Duke of Richmond
Courtship
Henry VIII 1st meets Anne Boleyn, when Thomas Boleyn is created Viscount Rochford
Peerage
Makes his illegitimate son, Henry Fitzroy, Duke of Richmond
July 15255 historical events
Diplomatic Negotiations at Paris
Henry VIII breaks off talks after the Battle of Pavia. Charles V refuses to restore Henry VIII to the French throne
Peace Negotiations at London
Brinon returns to London to resume peace talks
Master of the Horse
Appointed Master of the Horse to the Duke of Richmond
Custody of James V
The Estates place James V in the care of nobles and prelates, including Archibald Douglas, 6th Earl of Angus.
Custody of James V
The Estates place James V in the care of selected nobles and prelates, including Gavin Dunbar.
August 152512 historical events
Treaty of Utrecht
Performs a diplomatic reversal and signs a treaty of alliance with France.
Francis I Release Policy
Commits England to help secure the release of Francis I from Imperial captivity, marking a decisive shift away from Charles V.
More French Pension Settlement
Negotiates an annual French pension for Henry VIII as the financial centrepiece of England's renewed accommodation with France.
French Territorial Claims Reduced
Agrees to abandon several immediate English territorial claims in France in return for money and a more useful diplomatic partnership.
Peace of the More Concluded
Reaches a new peace with the French regency after abandoning expectations of major territorial gains from the Imperial victory at Pavia.
Treaty of the More
Wolsey negotiates peace with the French government after the collapse of the war-finance scheme.
Treaty of the More
Henry VIII accepts peace with France after the failure of the Great Enterprise and the Amicable Grant.
Treaty of the More
Henry VIII agrees peace with France after the failure of the Amicable Grant and the Great Enterprise.
Treaty of the More
Peace with France follows the collapse of Henry VIII's attempt to finance a renewed French campaign.
Treaty of the More
The treaty redirects English policy from invasion planning toward diplomatic settlement with France.
Treaty of More
Henry VIII agrees to help release Francis I from Charles V for 2,000,000 Ecus
Princess of Wales Household
Mary is sent to Ludlow with a household associated with the Council of the Marches
November 15252 historical events
Royal Custody
James V becomes effectively controlled by the Red Douglases after Angus refuses to give up custody of him.
Angus Captivity
Angus refuses to surrender custody of James V and begins keeping the king under close supervision.
December 15252 historical events
Ordinance
Wolsey & Henry VIII draw up the "Eltham Ordinances" to reform the Household & Chamber
Plague
Spends a "still Christmas" away from the plague
Treaty of More
Brinon & the French ambassadors sign 5 treaties known as the Treaty of the More
Invasion of China
The Russians cross the Amur but are repulsed
Purchase of Hampton Court
Henry VIII acquires Hampton Court from Thomas Wolesey
Bible Translation
Translates the Bible into Scots
Translates the Bible into Scots
Translates the Bible into Scots
Welsh Household
Mary presides ceremonially over a princely household in the Welsh Marches
Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster
Appointed Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, a position holding administrative and judicial control of much of northern England
President of the Council
Appointed President of the Council for Henry VIII
Peerage
Created Earl Cumberland, 1st
Peerage
Created Earl of Nottingham
Peerage
Created Earl of Somerset
Council of North
Appointed Head of the Council of the North by Henry VIII
Birth of Thomas Radclyffe
Thomas Radclyffe is born and later becomes Earl of Sussex, soldier, lord deputy in Ireland and a senior councillor under Elizabeth I.
Marriage
Henry VIII no longer sleeps with Catherine because she is past childbearing age
Mary Sent to the Welsh Marches
Mary receives a household associated with the Council of Wales and the Marches, reflecting the unusually elevated status of Henry VIII's only surviving child.
Marriage
Henry VIII no longer sleeps with Catherine because she is past childbearing age
Birth of John Stow
John Stow is born in the parish of St Michael, Cornhill, London.
Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster
More becomes Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster.
High Steward of Cambridge University
More is appointed High Steward of the University of Cambridge.
Reform Preaching
Begins preaching against abuses in late medieval religion.
Health of Henry VIII
Catherine refers to the "uncertainty of my life" after a bout of illness
Lord High Admiral
Appointed Lord High Admiral
Reballion of Rebels in Suffolk
Puts down a rebellion in Suffolk
Capture of Milan
Francis Is campaign in Italy begins with the capture of Milan
Invasion of Italy
Francis Is campaign in Italy begins with the capture of Milan
Siege of Milan
Francis Is campaign in Italy begins with the capture of Milan
Siege of Pavia
Francis I lays siege to Pavia, 20 miles south of Milan. Fernando Francisco de Avalos raises Franicis Is siege of Pavia
Succession
Succeeds as Duke of Germany
Dukedom
Makes the Teutonic Knights holding in East Prussia become a Dukedom
Reform of Teutonic State
The State of the Teutonic Knights becomes secular
Succession
Succeeds as Duke of Prussia, 1st Duke of Prussia
Teutonic Knights
The State of the Teutonic Knights becomes secular
Reballion of Denounces the
Teaches the right to choose a pastor & oppose landlord oppression. Denounces the revolt in a leaflet "against the murdering thieving hordes of peasants"
Reballion of Rebels in Allstedt
Rebellion is inspired by Lutheran teachings
Against the Murdering, Thieving Hordes of Peasants
Publication of "Against the Murdering, Thieving Hordes of Peasants"
Reballion of Denounces the
Teaches the right to choose a pastor & oppose landlord oppression. Denounces the revolt in a leaflet "against the murdering thieving hordes of peasants". Advocates winning back common land
Reballion of Rebels in Allstedt
Rebellion is inspired by Lutheran teachings. Publication of "Against the Murdering, Thieving Hordes of Peasants". Based on the model community in Allstedt of common ownership
Reballion of peasant
The peasant rebellion is crushed at Frankenhausen by the German Princes
Capture of Agra
Babur, a warrior with an Islamic Persian background, invades Hindu India, he takes Delhi and Agra and makes Agra his capital
Capture of Delhi
Babur, a warrior with an Islamic Persian background, invades Hindu India, he takes Delhi and Agra and makes Agra his capital
Invasion of India
Babur, a warrior with an Islamic Persian background, invades Hindu India, he takes Delhi and Agra and makes Agra his capital
Rule of India
Babur, a warrior with an Islamic Persian background, invades Hindu India, he takes Delhi and Agra and makes Agra his capital
Siege of Agra
Babur, a warrior with an Islamic Persian background, invades Hindu India, he takes Delhi and Agra and makes Agra his capital
Siege of Delhi
Babur, a warrior with an Islamic Persian background, invades Hindu India, he takes Delhi and Agra and makes Agra his capital
Capture of Agra
Babur, a warrior with an Islamic Persian background, invades Hindu India, he takes Delhi and Agra and makes Agra his capital
Capture of Delhi
Babur, a warrior with an Islamic Persian background, invades Hindu India, he takes Delhi and Agra and makes Agra his capital
Invasion of India
Babur, a warrior with an Islamic Persian background, invades Hindu India, he takes Delhi and Agra and makes Agra his capital
Rule of India
Babur, a warrior with an Islamic Persian background, invades Hindu India, he takes Delhi and Agra and makes Agra his capital
Siege of Agra
Babur, a warrior with an Islamic Persian background, invades Hindu India, he takes Delhi and Agra and makes Agra his capital
Siege of Delhi
Babur, a warrior with an Islamic Persian background, invades Hindu India, he takes Delhi and Agra and makes Agra his capital
Machiavelli Presents Florentine Histories
Machiavelli presented his completed Florentine Histories to Pope Clement VII. The work blended historical narrative with analysis of political rivalry and civic instability.
Roman Catholic Church
Birth of Giovamnni Palestrina
Death of Huayana Capac
Huayana Capacs Kingdom is divided between his 2 sons Huascar & Atahualpa
Capture of Prussia
Establishes suzerainty over Ducal Prussia
Marriage
Marries Catherine, sister of Emperor Charles V
Absence from Scotland
Albany's absence leaves Scottish politics dominated by rival domestic factions after the end of his regency.
Justice Ayres
James V is taken on justice ayres while Angus uses the king's authority to strengthen Douglas control.
Minority Rule
James V rules in name while competing noble factions struggle to control royal policy and the king's person.
Religious Reform
Parliament passes an act forbidding the import of Lutheran books into Scotland.
Angus Captivity
Once James V is in Douglas custody, he is kept under close supervision in Edinburgh.
Council of Regency
Archibald Douglas strengthens his position in the council governing Scotland during James V's minority.
Lord of the Articles
Angus uses his position as Lord of the Articles to increase Douglas influence over parliament and government.
Birth of second son
James Douglas, later 4th Earl of Morton, is born as the second son of Sir George Douglas of Pittendriech.
Factional Struggle
James Hamilton, Earl of Arran, remains a leading rival in the factional struggle for influence over James V.
Factional Struggle
John Stewart, Earl of Lennox, becomes involved in the noble rivalry surrounding custody of the young king.
Regency Crisis
Margaret Tudor's influence weakens as noble factions challenge her control over the young James V.
Translation of New Testament
Murdoch Nisbet translates Wycliffe's New Testament tradition into Scots.
Siege of Pavia
Fernando Francisco de Avalos raises Franicis Is siege of Pavia
Invasion of Danube
Leads a Turkish campaign on the Danube front, 1526-1525
Babur Launches Final Indian Campaign
Babur leaves Kabul on the campaign that will culminate in the First Battle of Panipat.
Babur Advances Toward Delhi
Babur pushes through Punjab and approaches the Delhi Sultanate's core territories before meeting Ibrahim Lodi.
Babur Launches Final Indian Campaign
Babur leaves Kabul on the campaign that will culminate in the First Battle of Panipat.
Babur Advances Toward Delhi
Babur pushes through Punjab and approaches the Delhi Sultanate's core territories before meeting Ibrahim Lodi.