Lima
Pizarro founded the city of Lima in Perus central coast on 18 January 1535, a foundation that he considered as one of the most important things he had created in life
Historical events in 1535
157 historical records
January 15354 historical events
Rule of Peru
Pizarro founded the city of Lima in Perus central coast on 18 January 1535, a foundation that he considered as one of the most important things he had created in life
Valor Ecclesiasticus Commissioned
Cromwell directs a nationwide valuation of ecclesiastical wealth that supplies the Crown with detailed information about clerical and monastic revenues.
Thomas Cromwell Appointed Vicegerent
Henry appoints Thomas Cromwell as vicegerent in spirituals, giving a lay minister exceptional authority to supervise reform of the English Church.
February 15356 historical events
Legislation
The Treason Act comes into force
Reform of Treason Law
The Treason Act comes into force
Treason
The Treason Act comes into force
Treasons Act
The Treasons Act comes into force and gives legal force to penalties against opponents of royal supremacy.
Treasons Act
The Treasons Act comes into force, increasing the danger for those who reject the king's supremacy.
Treasons Act
The Treasons Act comes into force, strengthening the legal penalties for opposition to royal supremacy.
March 15354 historical events
Reballion of Rebels in Maynooth
Kildare is defeated at Maynooth Castle, County Kildare
Reballion of Rebels in Maynooth Castle
Kildare is defeated at Maynooth Castle, County Kildare
Maynooth
Sir William Skeffington captures Maynooth Castle, the chief stronghold of the Kildare rebellion.
Maynooth
Sir William Skeffington captures Maynooth Castle, the main stronghold of the Kildare rebellion.
April 15356 historical events
Arrest of Clergy preaching papal supremacy
Orders the imprisonment of the Clergy preaching Papal supremacy
Arrest of Clergy preaching papal supremacy
Cromwell orders the imprisonment of the Clergy preaching Papal supremacy
Richard Reynolds Arrested for Supremacy Opposition
Richard Reynolds is taken into custody for rejecting the king's religious supremacy and defending continued obedience to papal authority.
Augustine Webster Arrested over Supremacy Oath
Augustine Webster is arrested after refusing the royal supremacy demanded from religious communities during Henry VIII's break with Rome.
Robert Lawrence Arrested over Royal Supremacy
Robert Lawrence is detained with fellow Carthusians after maintaining that spiritual authority cannot be transferred from the pope to the king.
John Houghton Taken into Custody
John Houghton is arrested after refusing to recognise Henry VIII as supreme head of the English Church and is committed for treason proceedings.
May 15359 historical events
Execution of Richard Reynolds
Richard Reynolds is executed for opposing the royal supremacy and defending the authority of the papacy.
Execution of Augustine Webster
Augustine Webster is hanged, drawn and quartered after refusing the oath recognising Henry VIII's ecclesiastical supremacy.
Execution of Robert Lawrence
Robert Lawrence is executed for rejecting the royal supremacy and maintaining obedience to papal authority.
Execution of John Houghton
John Houghton is hanged, drawn and quartered after refusing to accept Henry VIII as supreme head of the English Church.
Sebastian Newdigate Arrested
Sebastian Newdigate is arrested after resisting repeated efforts to secure his acceptance of Henry VIII's ecclesiastical supremacy.
William Exmew Arrested
William Exmew is detained for maintaining Carthusian opposition to the royal supremacy despite pressure from the government.
Humphrey Middlemore Arrested
Humphrey Middlemore is arrested for refusing the supremacy settlement and is held before prosecution for treason.
Dissolution
Cromwell had undertaken an inventory of the assets and income of the entire ecclesiastical estate of England and Wales through local commissioners who reported in May 1535
Cardinal
Paul III creates Fisher Cardinal-Priest of S. Vitalis, in the hope of inducing Henry to ease Fishers treatment, the effect is precisely the reverse
June 153515 historical events
Oath of Succession
A special commission for Fishers trial is issued, he is arraigned in Westminster Hall on a charge of treason, in that he denied the king to be supreme head of the Church
Treason
Found guilty of treason & sentenced to death
Treason
A special commission for Fishers trial is issued, he is arraigned in Westminster Hall on a charge of treason, in that he denied the king to be supreme head of the Church
Trial
Found guilty of treason & sentenced to death
Trial
Deprived of his position of Bishop of Rochester by the Act of Attainder, treated as a commoner, and tried by jury, found guilty, and condemned to be hanged, drawn, and quartered at Tyburn. A special commission for Fishers trial is issued, he is arraigned in Westminster Hall on a charge of treason, in that he denied the king to be supreme head of the Church
Execution of Sebastian Newdigate
Sebastian Newdigate is hanged, drawn and quartered after refusing repeated pressure to acknowledge the king's religious supremacy.
Execution of William Exmew
William Exmew is executed for maintaining the Carthusian refusal to accept Henry VIII as supreme head of the Church.
Execution of Humphrey Middlemore
Humphrey Middlemore is executed with fellow Carthusians after rejecting the oath of royal supremacy.
Constitution of England
Appointed Supreme Head of the Church
Execution
John Fisher is executed after refusing to accept Henry VIII's supremacy over the Church.
Execution
John Fisher, Bishop of Rochester, is executed
Supreme Head of Church of England
Appointed Supreme Head of the Church
Death of John Fisher
Death of John Fisher, executed
Execution
Executed for refusing to acknowledge the King as Head of the Church. Deprived of his position of Bishop of Rochester by the Act of Attainder, treated as a commoner, and tried by jury, found guilty, and condemned to be hanged, drawn, and quartered at Tyburn
Indictment
Thomas More is indicted for high treason under the legislation enforcing royal supremacy.
July 153531 historical events
Sentence
Thomas More is sentenced to the traitor's death of hanging, drawing and quartering.
Trial
Richard Rich gives evidence that Thomas More denied Parliament's power to make Henry VIII head of the Church.
Trial
Thomas More argues that his silence should not be treated as treason against Henry VIII.
Trial
Thomas More is tried for high treason before a commission including Thomas Audley and the Duke of Norfolk.
Verdict
The jury finds Thomas More guilty of high treason after a brief deliberation.
Trial for High Treason
More is tried in Westminster Hall and convicted of high treason.
Act of Succession
He believed he could not be convicted unless he explicitly denied that the king headed the Church, so he refused to answer all questions.
Act of Succession
Thomas Cromwell, the most powerful of the King's advisers, produces the Solicitor General, Richard Rich, to testify that More had, in his presence, denied that the King was the legitimate head of the Church.
Act of Succession
Thomas More was charged with high treason for denying the validity of the Act of Succession.
Execution
Sentenced to be hanged, drawn, and quartered (the usual punishment for traitors) but the King commutes this to execution by beheading
Treason
Charged with high treason for denying the validity of the Act of Succession, More believes he cannot be convicted as long as he did not explicitly deny that the king was the head of the Church, and he therefore refuses to answer all questions
Treason
Indicted of High Treason at Westminster Hall & condemned to death
Trial
Charged with high treason for denying the validity of the Act of Succession, More believes he cannot be convicted as long as he did not explicitly deny that the king was the head of the Church, and he therefore refuses to answer all questions
Trial
More is tried before a panel of judges that includes the new Lord Chancellor, Sir Thomas Audley, as well as Anne Boleyns father, brother, and uncle.
Trial
Thomas Cromwell, the most powerful of the King's advisers, produces the Solicitor General, Richard Rich, to testify that More had, in his presence, denied that the King was the legitimate head of the Church.
Trial
Sentenced to be hanged, drawn, and quartered (the usual punishment for traitors) but the King commutes this to execution by beheading. Indicted of High Treason at Westminster Hall & condemned to death. Before his sentencing, More speaks freely of his belief that "no temporal man may be the head of the spirituality"
Execution
Thomas More is beheaded at Tower Hill for refusing to accept Henry VIII's supremacy over the Church.
Execution
Sir Thomas More is executed
Execution
Thomas More is executed after refusing to accept the royal supremacy and succession oath.
Execution of Thomas More
Thomas More is executed on Tower Hill after refusing the royal supremacy oath.
Death of Thomas More
Death of Thomas More
Execution
While on the scaffold declares that he died "the King's good servant, but Gods first". Executed for refusing to acknowledge the act of supremacy
Supremacy
While on the scaffold declares that he died "the King's good servant, but Gods first". Executed for refusing to acknowledge the act of supremacy
Edict of Coucy
Following the Edict of Coucy heretics had a limited six-month period to reconcile with the Catholic faith, Calvin decides that there was no future for him in France
Edict of Coucy
Francis I issues the Edict of Coucy ending the persecution of Protestants who were calling for reform in the Catholic Church and displayed provocative placards attacking the Mass
Exile of John Calvin
Following the Edict of Coucy heretics had a limited six-month period to reconcile with the Catholic faith, Calvin decides that there was no future for him in France
Reformation, The
Following the Edict of Coucy heretics had a limited six-month period to reconcile with the Catholic faith, Calvin decides that there was no future for him in France
Reformation, The
Francis I issues the Edict of Coucy ending the persecution of Protestants who were calling for reform in the Catholic Church and displayed provocative placards attacking the Mass
Kildare Rebellion
Lord Leonard Grey strengthens royal control in Ireland after the collapse of rebel resistance.
Reballion of Kildare
Lord Leonard Grey arrives in Ireland to strengthen royal authority after the Kildare revolt.
Sentence
Henry VIII commutes Thomas More's sentence from hanging, drawing and quartering to beheading.
August 15356 historical events
Monastic Visitation Begins
Royal visitors begin inspecting monasteries, gathering evidence about finances, discipline and religious life before parliamentary dissolution measures.
Result of Surrender of Silken Thomas
The failed Kildare rebellion ends with Silken Thomas in English custody.
Result of Surrender of Silken Thomas
The collapse of the Kildare rebellion leaves Silken Thomas in English hands and ends his armed resistance.
Surrender of Silken Thomas
Silken Thomas surrenders after the failure of the Kildare rebellion.
Surrender of Silken Thomas
Silken Thomas surrenders after the collapse of the Kildare rebellion.
Exile of John Calvin
Calvin sets off for Strasbourg, a free imperial city of the Holy Roman Empire and a refuge for reformers
September 15353 historical events
Courtship
Henry VIII visits John Seymour & meets his daughter Jane
Courtship
Henry VIII visits John Seymour & meets his daughter Jane
Exile of John Calvin
Due to military manoeuvres of imperial and French forces, Calvin is forced to make a detour to to Geneva
October 15352 historical events
Imprisonment
Silken Thomas is sent as a prisoner to the Tower of London.
Imprisonment
Silken Thomas is sent to the Tower of London as a prisoner after his surrender.
November 15356 historical events
Reformation Parliament
The King appoints Cromwell Royal Vicegerent and Vicar General, and commissions him to organize visitations of all the countrys churches, monasteries and clergy
Reformation, The
The King appoints Cromwell Royal Vicegerent and Vicar General, and commissions him to organize visitations of all the countrys churches, monasteries and clergy
Royal Viceregent
The King appoints Cromwell Royal Vicegerent and Vicar General, and commissions him to organize visitations of all the countrys churches, monasteries and clergy
Vicar General
The King appoints Cromwell Royal Vicegerent and Vicar General, and commissions him to organize visitations of all the countrys churches, monasteries and clergy
Census
Cromwell conducts a census in 1535 to enable the Government to tax church property more effectively
Vicar General
The King appoints Cromwell Royal Vicegerent and Vicar General, and commissions him to organize visitations of all the countrys churches, monasteries and clergy
December 15352 historical events
Arrest of Manco II
The Pizarro brothers so mistreated Manco Inca that he ultimately tried to escape, he failed, is captured and imprisoned but released two months later on the behalf of the Spaniards to please their Inca subjects
Rule of Peru
The Pizarro brothers so mistreated Manco Inca that he ultimately tried to escape, he failed, is captured and imprisoned but released two months later on the behalf of the Spaniards to please their Inca subjects
Succession
Succeeds as King of Denmark
Birth of Martin Frobisher
Birth of Martin Frobisher
Chief Justice
Appointed Chief Justice of the Common Pleas
Divorce
Supports the divorce of Henry from Catherine & presides over the trial of Thomas Moore
Trial
Supports the King's divorce from Catherine and the marriage with Anne Boleyn and presideds at the trial of Fisher and More
Trial
Perjures himself during the trial of Thomas More
Census
Organizes a census to assess the wealth of the Church for dissolution & taxation
Dissolution
Organizes a census to assess the wealth of the Church for dissolution & taxation
Dissolution
The valor ecclesiasticus book is drawn up by Cromwell containing wealth of the Church
Reform of Church-State Relations
Writes to JPs, bishops & nobility to imprison clergy who preach papal authority
Reformation, The
Cranmer had difficult encounters with several bishops including John Stokesley, John Longland, and Stephen Gardiner who object to Cranmers power and title and argue that the Act of Supremacy did not define his role thus prompting Thomas Cromwell,
Reformation, The
Cromwell creates another set of institutions that gives a clear structure to the royal supremacy, the Archbishop of Canterbury is eclipsed by Vice Regent Cromwell in regards to the King's spiritual jurisdiction.
Reformation, The
the King's Chief Minister, to activate and to take the office of the Vice Regent, the deputy supreme head of ecclesiastical affair
Vice Regent
Cromwell creates another set of institutions that gives a clear structure to the royal supremacy, the Archbishop of Canterbury is eclipsed by Vice Regent Cromwell in regards to the King's spiritual jurisdiction
Reformation, The
Cranmer had difficult encounters with several bishops including John Stokesley, John Longland, and Stephen Gardiner who object to Cranmers power and title and argue that the Act of Supremacy did not define his role thus prompting Thomas Cromwell, the King's Chief Minister, to activate and to take the office of the Vice Regent, the deputy supreme head of ecclesiastical affair
Royal Visitors Question Monastic Houses
Cromwell's commissioners question monks and nuns about observance, property and conduct, increasing direct Crown supervision of religious houses.
Execution
Henry VIII commutes Fishers sentence of treason to beheading. Commutes Mores sentence of treason to beheading & permits Mores family to attend
Interrogation
Thomas Cromwell visits Thomas More in the Tower and urges him to accept the oath and royal supremacy.
Marriage
Anne Boleyn remains queen while opposition to the royal marriage and succession settlement is punished.
Refusal
Thomas More continues to refuse the oath while avoiding an explicit public denial of Henry VIII's supremacy.
Treason
Henry VIII commutes Fishers sentence of treason to beheading. Commutes Mores sentence of treason to beheading & permits Mores family to attend
Treason
Sanctuary is removed from persons accused of high treason under the expanded Tudor treason law.
Treason
The Act makes hostile speech against the king's title, marriage and succession punishable as high treason.
Valor Ecclesiasticus
The Crown surveys ecclesiastical wealth in England and Wales to assess church revenues under royal control.
Vicegerent
Thomas Cromwell becomes the king's chief minister for enforcing royal supremacy over the Church.
Birth of Guildford Dudley
Guildford Dudley is born into the Northumberland family and later marries Lady Jane Grey during the succession crisis surrounding Edward VI's death.
Illness and Isolation
Mary suffers illness and isolation while separated from her mother
Reformation, The
Gardiner and other Bishops are called upon to vindicate the King's new title of "Supreme Head of the Church of England", the result is his celebrated treatise De vera obedientia, the ablest of all the vindications of royal supremacy
Supremacy
Gardiner and other Bishops are called upon to vindicate the King's new title of "Supreme Head of the Church of England", the result is his celebrated treatise De vera obedientia, the ablest of all the vindications of royal supremacy
Treatise De vera
Gardiner and other Bishops are called upon to vindicate the King's new title of "Supreme Head of the Church of England", the result is his celebrated treatise De vera obedientia, the ablest of all the vindications of royal supremacy
Reformation, The
Cranmer had difficult encounters with several bishops including John Stokesley, John Longland, and Stephen Gardiner who object to Cranmers power and title and argue that the Act of Supremacy did not define his role thus prompting Thomas Cromwell, the King's Chief Minister, to activate and to take the office of the Vice Regent, the deputy supreme head of ecclesiastical affairs
Supremacy
Cranmer had difficult encounters with several bishops including John Stokesley, John Longland, and Stephen Gardiner who object to Cranmers power and title and argue that the Act of Supremacy did not define his role thus prompting Thomas Cromwell, the King's Chief Minister, to activate and to take the office of the Vice Regent, the deputy supreme head of ecclesiastical affairs
Bishop of Worcester
Appointed Bishop of Worcester.
Consecration
Is consecrated Bishop of Worcester.
Diocesan Reform
Begins reforming preaching and clerical discipline in Worcester.
Chaplain
Appointed Chaplain to Anne Boleyn
Legislation
The Act for the Dissolution of the Lesser Monasteries, an Act of the English Reformation Parliament, the beginning of the legal process by which King Henry VIII set about the Dissolution of the Monasteries
Reformation, The
The Act for the Dissolution of the Lesser Monasteries, an Act of the English Reformation Parliament, the beginning of the legal process by which King Henry VIII set about the Dissolution of the Monasteries. Cromwell creates another set of institutions that give a clear structure to the royal supremacy, the Archbishop of Canterbury is eclipsed by the Vice Regent Cromwell in regards to the King's spiritual jurisdiction
Supremacy
Cromwell creates another set of institutions that give a clear structure to the royal supremacy, the Archbishop of Canterbury is eclipsed by the Vice Regent Cromwell in regards to the King's spiritual jurisdiction
Supremacy
The Act for the Dissolution of the Lesser Monasteries, an Act of the English Reformation Parliament, the beginning of the legal process by which King Henry VIII set about the Dissolution of the Monasteries. Cromwell creates another set of institutions that give a clear structure to the royal supremacy, the Archbishop of Canterbury is eclipsed by the Vice Regent Cromwell in regards to the King's spiritual jurisdiction
Vice Regent
Cromwell creates another set of institutions that give a clear structure to the royal supremacy, the Archbishop of Canterbury is eclipsed by the Vice Regent Cromwell in regards to the King's spiritual jurisdiction
Execution
Henry VIII commutes Mores sentence to beheading & permits Mores family to attend
Supremacy
More had not expressly denied the royal supremacy but refuses to assent to it
Treason Act
More is tried, and found guilty, under the Treason Act 1534
Treason
More is tried, and found guilty, under the Treason Act 1534
Trial
More is tried, and found guilty, under the Treason Act 1534
Trial
More had not expressly denied the royal supremacy but refuses to assent to it
Montreal
First to visit the site where Montreal will be founded
Reformation, The
Publication of "The Institutes of the Christian Religion"
The Institutes of the Christian Religion
Publication of "The Institutes of the Christian Religion"
Elector
Appointed Elector of Brandenburg
Elector
Appointed Elector of Brandenburg
Capture of Gujarat
Captures Gujarat
Succession
Succeeds as King of Norway
Eastern Front
Defends the eastern front against the Russians
Invasion of Poland
Defends the eastern front against the Russians
Birth of James Hepburn
Birth of James Hepburn, son of Patrich, 3rd Earl of Bothwell
Governor
Appointed Governor of Cuzco
Governor
Appointed Governor of Quito
Rule of Ecuador
Appointed Governor of Quito
Viceroy
Appointed Viceroy of Mexico, New Spain
Capture of Tabriz
Captures Tabriz after failing to force the Shah of Persia to do battle
Massacre
Captures Tabriz after failing to force the Shah of Persia to do battle