1554 in History

Mary orders Elizabeth to London for her own safety

Refuses to allow Elizabeth to make an appeal to the Council. Given custody of Princess Elizabeth at Woodstock in Oxfordshire

Mary orders Elizabeth to London for her own safety

Questioned for 3 weeks in Whitehall, no links found between Elizabeth & the rebellion

Rowed through traitors gate

Jubillant crowds mistakenly believe Elizabeth has been freed

Moves to Richmond en route to Woodstock after 2 months in the Tower. Jubillant crowds mistakenly believe Elizabeth has been freed

Taken prisoner after the uprising, executed at Tower Green for treason

Philip arrives in England before his marriage to Mary

Cardinal Pole returns to England as papal legate.

Gardiner supports legislation restoring papal authority in England

Is condemned after the Oxford disputations.

Is condemned after refusing to recant Protestant doctrine.

Bedingfield is assigned to escort and guard Elizabeth

Rejects Catholic teaching on the mass.

Gage receives Elizabeth into custody at the Tower

Elizabeth is investigated while Mary defends the Catholic settlement.

Elizabeth leaves the Tower and is placed under guard

Mary's government sends Elizabeth to house arrest at Woodstock

Taken to the Tower & executed. Taken prisoner after the uprising, executed at Tower Green for treason

Jane Grey is executed after her father supports rebellion against Mary

The old heresy laws are revived as Catholic orthodoxy is enforced.

Parliament restores medieval heresy laws under Mary's Catholic settlement.

Elizabeth is placed under guard at Woodstock after leaving the Tower

Jane Grey is executed after rebellion renews fears over Protestant succession.

Philip of Spain lands in England

The marriage causes 3 insurrections. Parliament forbids Philips coronation even though he is co-ruler

Marries her Spanish cousin the future Philip II of Spain, in Winchester cathedral

Arrives in Southampton on his way to marry Mary I

Mary I marries her cousin the future Philip II of Spain, in Winchester cathedral

Philip & Mary are greeted with a pageantry in the City of London after their marriage

Philip returns to Spain

Parliament accepts marriage terms limiting Philip's independent authority in England

Mary's marriage settlement limits Philip's authority and prevents his independent coronation

Mary marries Philip of Spain at Winchester Cathedral

Philip marries Mary and becomes king consort of England

Mary marries Philip of Spain, strengthening England’s Catholic alliance.

Mary accepts that former monastic lands will not be restored to the church.

Defends Protestant doctrine during public disputations at Oxford.

Faces formal disputation over Protestant doctrine.

Parliament accepts reconciliation with Rome and papal authority.

Pole arrives as papal legate to restore England to Roman obedience

England is formally reconciled with Rome under Mary's government

Parliament listens to Poles absolution of itself & the nation

Philip arrives in England before marriage to Mary.

Philip of Spain lands in England before marrying Mary

Philip receives the style of king during Mary's lifetime under the marriage treaty

Mary’s marriage settlement with Philip supports Catholic diplomacy.

Pole presents his legatine authority before Mary’s parliament.

Parliament repeals Cardinal Pole’s attainder before reconciliation with Rome.

Announces she is pregnant & that the Te Deum should be sung in all churches

Is held in Oxford prison while proceedings continue.

Rejects Catholic doctrine on transubstantiation.

England is formally reconciled with the papacy under Mary's parliament.

Mary of Guise replaces Arran as regent for Mary Queen of Scots

Elizabeth leaves the Tower but remains under close guard

Mary and Philip enter London after their marriage

Parliament reverses Henrician religious legislation and restores papal obedience.

Makes a speech in the Guildhall & raises a force of 25,000 to defend London

Mary’s proposed Spanish marriage is defended as Catholic policy continues.

Is sent to Oxford for disputation with Cranmer and Ridley.

Is sent to Oxford with Cranmer and Latimer for disputation.

Taken prisoner after the uprising, executed at Tower Green for treason

Bedingfield supervises Elizabeth's confinement at Woodstock

Defects from Norfolk's force to Wyatt's rebels.

Threatens to fire on Southwark from the Tower guns unless Wyatt withdraws.

Threatens to fire Tower guns on Southwark if Wyatt remains.

Plans resistance in Devon against Mary's Spanish marriage.

Flees abroad after the western rising fails.

Reveals details of the conspiracy after questioning by the council.

Is named among conspirators expected to raise western support.

Is imprisoned after the rebellion collapses.

Is executed after Wyatt's rising makes Jane Grey dangerous.

Guildford Dudley is executed after the Wyatt Rebellion makes Jane Grey politically dangerous.

Holds Elizabeth in custody after the rebellion.

Questions Courtenay after Renard warns of the plot.

Supports Mary's appeal to London against Wyatt.

Prepares to raise support in the Midlands.

Is executed after joining the rebellion against Mary.

Henry Grey is executed for supporting the Wyatt Rebellion against Mary's Spanish marriage.

His failed rising helps seal Lady Jane Grey's fate.

Is executed because the rebellion renews succession fears.

Lady Jane Grey is executed after her father's support for the Wyatt Rebellion.

Marries Mary despite the earlier rebellion against the match.

Supports Mary and helps organise defence of London.

Commands loyal forces blocking Wyatt's advance into London.

Royal troops sent against Wyatt suffer defections near Rochester.

Orders action against suspected conspirators as the plot becomes known.

Faces the Kentish rising as Wyatt raises his standard of revolt.

Refuses to flee London despite news of Wyatt's advance.

Rallies London with a speech defending her crown and marriage plans.

Rallies London against Wyatt with a speech at the Guildhall.

Her supporters hold London Bridge against Wyatt's army.

Her supporters hold London Bridge against Wyatt's rebels.

Prevents Wyatt's rebels from entering the City through Southwark.

Keeps London loyal as Wyatt reaches the city with rebel forces.

Resists Wyatt's rising against her proposed marriage to Philip of Spain.

Survives the rebellion and keeps control of the capital.

Thomas Wyatt reaches London but is defeated

Authorises Lady Jane Grey's execution after Wyatt's rebellion.

Orders Elizabeth imprisoned during the investigation.

Orders the execution of Thomas Wyatt after the rebellion fails.

Marries Philip after the rebellion has been suppressed.

Warns Mary's council about suspected rebellion against the Spanish marriage.

Takes part in council action after the rebellion.

Is implicated in plans against Mary during the rebellion crisis.

Is imprisoned for involvement in the rebellion.

Is executed for involvement in the rebellion.

Is suspected of involvement in the anti-Spanish marriage conspiracy.

Is imprisoned and later tried for treason.

Is acquitted of treason despite government suspicion.

Comes under suspicion because rebels discuss replacing Mary with her.

Is sent to the Tower while her links to the rebellion are examined.

Elizabeth is imprisoned while Mary investigates links to the Wyatt Rebellion.

Is moved from the Tower to house arrest at Woodstock.

Elizabeth is moved from the Tower to Woodstock after Wyatt's execution.

Prepares the Kentish rising from his family base at Allington.

Raises the standard of revolt in Kent against Mary's Spanish marriage.

Marches against Mary's Spanish marriage and the perceived threat to English autonomy.

Raises his standard in Kent against the Spanish marriage.

Occupies Rochester and gathers support from Kentish rebels.

Occupies Rochester and issues a proclamation to Kent.

Mary's Guildhall speech turns London against Wyatt's demands.

Finds London Bridge strongly defended against his rebel army.

Reaches Southwark but cannot force entry across London Bridge.

Crosses at Kingston after failing to enter London by Southwark.

Crosses the Thames at Kingston after failing to enter by Southwark.

Is defeated at Ludgate and captured near Temple Bar.

Is stopped at Ludgate as London remains loyal to Mary.

Surrenders after his advance into London fails.

Demands control of the Tower and custody of the queen.

The rebellion ruins the Wyatt family, which loses lands and Allington Castle.

Conspirators plan coordinated risings before events force an early revolt.

Is executed after refusing to implicate Elizabeth conclusively.

Is executed after the failure of the Wyatt Rebellion.

Leads the main Kentish rising against Mary's planned Spanish marriage.

The defeat of Wyatt strengthens Mary’s authority to continue restoration.

Birth of France's Brandon, future mother of Lady Jane Grey. Birth of France's Brandon, daughter of Charles Brandon & Mary Tudor

Defeated by the French who end Charles invasion of Picardy

Francis of Guise fights in the French victory at Renty