Succession
Writes she would rather die than resign her crown
Historical events in 1569
71 historical records
January 15695 historical events
Trial
Announces she cannot find guilt with either Mary or her accuser Murray
Trial
Moray returns to Scotland, Elizabeth says nothing has been proven
Trial
Moray returns to Scotland, Elizabeth says nothing has been proven
Trial
Moray returns to Scotland, Elizabeth says nothing has been proven
February 15693 historical events
Arrest of George Talbot
Shrewsbury receives his ward Mary Queen of Scots at Tutbury
Battle of Carlisle
The northern catholic rebellion is defeated
Arrest of Mary of Scots
Moves to Tutbury Castle in Staffordshire
March 15693 historical events
Battle of Cognac
Defeated & killed by the future Henry III
Capture of Ranthambore
Akbar captures the formidable fortress of Ranthambore and strengthens Mughal control in Rajasthan.
Siege of Ranthambore
Akbar besieges Ranthambore, whose formidable fort submits after sustained Mughal pressure.
June 15691 historical events
First Desmond Rising Begins
FitzMaurice begins armed resistance in Munster while presenting his cause as a defence of Catholic religion and Geraldine political power.
July 15694 historical events
Commonwealth
The Union of Lublin strengthens the Polishn Commonwealth by uniting Poland & Lithuania. The Commonwealth is ruled by an elected monarch carrying out the duties of Polish King & Grand Duke of Lithuania
Constitution of Poland
Under the Union of Lublin the Monarch will govern with a common Senate and Parliament (the Sejm). The Commonwealth is ruled by an elected monarch carrying out the duties of Polish King & Grand Duke of Lithuania
Union of Lublin
Under the Union of Lublin the Monarch will govern with a common Senate and Parliament (the Sejm). The Union of Lublin strengthens the Polishn Commonwealth by uniting Poland & Lithuania. The Commonwealth is ruled by an elected monarch carrying out the duties of Polish King & Grand Duke of Lithuania
Butler Brothers Join Munster Rising
Edmund Butler and his brothers join opposition to the crown, temporarily broadening the first Desmond rebellion beyond FitzGerald supporters.
August 15691 historical events
Succession
Birth of Indiairth of Nuruddin Salim Jahangir
October 15691 historical events
Battle of Montcountour
Commands a Huguenot Army & escapes after the Catholic victory
November 156910 historical events
Northern Earls Raise Retainers
Northumberland and Westmorland mobilise retainers after fearing arrest, turning northern Catholic discontent into open armed rebellion.
Northern Rebel Proclamation Issued
The rebel leaders issue a proclamation presenting their movement as a defence of religion while attacking advisers they blame for current policy.
Rebel Earls Enter Durham
The rebel earls enter Durham with armed followers and take control of the city during the opening stage of the rising.
Catholic Mass at Durham
Northumberland's rebels occupy Durham Cathedral, destroy Protestant service books and restore the Catholic Mass as a public declaration of their religious programme.
Catholic Mass Restored at Durham Cathedral
The rebels restore Catholic worship in Durham Cathedral and publicly reject key elements of Elizabeth I's Protestant religious settlement.
Northern Rebellion Raised
Thomas Percy joins the Rising of the North after being summoned to court, leading armed resistance that seeks to reverse Elizabeth's religious settlement.
Westmorland Joins Northern Rising
Charles Neville joins Northumberland in open rebellion, mobilising retainers and Catholic supporters against Elizabeth I's government in northern England.
Northern Army Marches South
The rebel army moves south from Durham in an effort to broaden support and increase pressure on Elizabeth's government.
Trial
"the Queen of England should (not) conceive an evil opinion of her good sister"
Barnard Castle Resists Rebels
Sir George Bowes defends Barnard Castle against the northern rebels, delaying their operations and tying down part of their force.
December 15695 historical events
Sussex Mobilises Royal Army
The Earl of Sussex gathers a stronger royal force at York as the rebels fail to obtain the wider support needed for a sustained campaign.
Barnard Castle Captured by Rebels
The northern rebels capture Barnard Castle after resistance collapses, but the wider rising is already losing strategic momentum.
Westmorland Escapes into Exile
Westmorland escapes from England after the rebellion fails and eventually lives in continental exile rather than submit to Elizabeth's government.
Northumberland Flees into Scotland
Northumberland crosses into Scotland after the rising collapses under pressure from advancing royal forces.
Execution
Elizabeth I has 400 rank-and-file rebels executed
Sheriff
Appointed Sheriff of Caernarvonshire
Solicitor General
Appointed Solicitor General
Arrest of Thomas Howard
Under arrest, 1569-1570
Plot
Charles Baillie, a Scot favourable to Marys party, is arrested carrying letters
Ridolfi Plot
Involved in the Ridolfi plot to marry Howard to Mary Queen of Scots. Involved in the Ridolfi plot to assassinate Elizabeth I
Arrest of Mary of Scots
Involved in failed attempt with Northumberland to release Mary Queen of Scots
Dacre Joins Rebel Network
Leonard Dacre becomes implicated in the wider northern conspiracy while outwardly presenting himself as loyal, extending the rebellion beyond the two principal earls.
Norfolk-Mary Marriage Scheme
Plans develop for Norfolk to marry Mary, Queen of Scots, a union that could place a powerful English noble beside a leading claimant to Elizabeth's throne.
Arrest of Mary of Scots
Elizabeth has Mary Queen of Scots detained in Tutbury Castle
Arrest of Thomas Howard, Duke of Norfolk
Elizabeth has the Duke of Norfolk arrested
Gunpowder Treason Plot
Ridolfi plans an invasion of England & the marriage of Thomas Howard to Mary. Led by Roberto Ridolfi, a Florentine banker based in London against Elizabeth I. Involves Felipe II of Spain, Pious V, the Duke of Norfolk & Mary Queen of Scots
Gunpowder Treason Plot
Charles Baille is arrested with incriminating lettres from Ridolfi to Bishop Leslie
Pope declares Elizabeth to be a heretic & divests her of
The Pope declares Elizabeth to be a heretic & divests her of her divinity
Gilbert Campaigns against Geraldines
Gilbert conducts a severe royal campaign against rebel districts in Munster, helping reduce the number of local allies willing to remain in arms.
Alliance Walter Raleigh and of the Hugenots
Fights in support of the Hugenots
Reballion of Norfolk
Norfolk leads a rebellion to install Mary Queen of Scots as Queen
Commander of Horse
Commands the Horse against the northern rebels
Reballion of Catholic
Suppresses a Catholic rebellion in northern England
Reballion of Westmorland
Suppresses the northern rebellion. The Catholic Earls of Northumberland & Westmorland revolt & seize Durham
Capture of Durham
The Northern rebels capture Durham
Reballion of Catholic
Norfolk leads a rebellion to install Mary Queen of Scots as Queen. Catholic rebels break into Durham Cathedral & take mass for the 1st time in 10 yrs
Reballion of The
The rebels proclaim loyalty but aim to remove the "new men" such as Cecil. A rebellion of catholics led by Norfolk, Norfolk & Westmorland is defeated by Essex
Siege of Durham
The Catholic Earls of Northumberland & Westmorland revolt & seize Durham. Catholic rebels break into Durham Cathedral & take mass for the 1st time in 10 yrs
Montaigne Publishes Raymond Sebond Translation
Montaigne published his French translation of Raymond Sebond's theological work. The project preceded his celebrated examination of human reason in the Apology for Raymond Sebond.
Battle of Jarnac
Catholics under the duc dAnjou defeat the Huguenots at Jarnac
Huguenots
Catholics under the duc dAnjou defeat the Huguenots at Jarnac
Capture of Ranthambore
Akbar secures Ranthambore Fort, removing another major Rajput stronghold resisting Mughal expansion.
Plot
Ridolfi plans an invasion of England & the marriage of Thomas Howard to Mary. Charles Baille is arrested with incriminating lettres from Ridolfi to Bishop Leslie
Reballion of William I the Silent
Leads a naval attack by the "Gueux de Mer" on Spanish shipping in The Netherlands
Constitution of Poland
Constitutionally unites all lands under the Polish crown
Rule of Ukraine
Incorporates the Ukranian provinces into Poland
Unification
Incorporates the Ukranian provinces into Poland. Constitutionally unites all lands under the Polish crown
Arrest of James Hamilton
Returns to Scotland and is imprisoned until, in 1573, when he agrees to recognise Marys infant James as King of Scotland
Exile of James Hamilton
Returns to Scotland and is imprisoned until, in 1573, when he agrees to recognise Marys infant James as King of Scotland
Defence of the Honour of Queen Mary", supports her English succession
Publication of "Defence of the Honour of Queen Mary", supports her English succession
Defence of the Honour of Queen Mary
Publication of "Defence of the Honour of Queen Mary", supports her English succession
Reform of Taxation
Introduces a tax in The Netherlands to pay for the Spanish Army of occupation
Siege of Azov
An Ottoman fleet besieges Azov but is defeated & destroyed by a storm