Birth of Thomas Hobbes
Thomas Hobbes is born at Westport near Malmesbury in Wiltshire.
Historical events in 1588
195 historical records
April 15882 historical events
Siege of Cadiz
Says he has "singed the King's beard". Destroys 36 Spanish ships & intercepts barrel staves intended for the armada. Delays the Armada by 1 year
May 158818 historical events
Siege of Paris
Day of the Barricades in Paris, Duke Henry of Guise seizes the city, forcing King Henry III to flee
Siege of Lagos
1,000 men disembarked at Lagos in the Algarve and stormed the fortresses of Sagres, Baleeira, Beliche and Cape St. Vincent
Blessing of Armada Banner
Pope Sixtus V allowed Philip II of Spain to collect crusade taxes and granted his men indulgences. The blessing of the Armada's banner takes place on 28th May
Invasion of England
Pope Sixtus V allowed Philip II of Spain to collect crusade taxes and granted his men indulgences. The blessing of the Armada's banner takes place on 28th May
Spanish Armada Sails
Medina Sidonia leads the Spanish Armada from Lisbon with orders to enter the Channel, protect Parma's crossing and support an invasion of England.
Spanish Armada, 1st
The Armada, with around 130 ships, 8,000 sailors and 18,000 soldiers, 1,500 brass guns and 1,000 iron guns, sets sail from Lisbon in Portugal, heading for the English Channel. An army of 30,000 men atands in the Spanish Netherlands waiting for the fleet to arrive, the plan is to land the original force in Plymouth and transfer the land army to somewhere near London, mustering 55,000 men
Blessing of Armada Banner
Pope Sixtus V allowed Philip II of Spain to collect crusade taxes and granted his men indulgences. The blessing of the Armada's banner takes place on 28th May
Invasion of England
Pope Sixtus V allowed Philip II of Spain to collect crusade taxes and granted his men indulgences. The blessing of the Armada's banner takes place on 28th May
Invasion of England
It included twenty eight purpose-built warships, of which twenty were galleons, four galleys and four (Neapolitan) galleasses.
Invasion of England
The Armada set sail from Lisbon and headed for the English Channel.
Invasion of England
The fleet was composed of 130 ships, 8,000 sailors and 18,000 soldiers, and bore 1,500 brass guns and 1,000 iron guns.
Invasion of England
The full body of the fleet took two days to leave port.
Invasion of England
The remainder of the heavy vessels were mostly armed carracks and hulks together with thirty-four light ships.
Spanish Armada, 1st
The Armada, with around 130 ships, 8,000 sailors and 18,000 soldiers, 1,500 brass guns and 1,000 iron guns, sets sail from Lisbon in Portugal, heading for the English Channel. An army of 30,000 men atands in the Spanish Netherlands waiting for the fleet to arrive, the plan is to land the original force in Plymouth and transfer the land army to somewhere near London, mustering 55,000 men
Peace Negotiations
It takes until May 30 for all of the Armada to leave port and, on the same day, Elizabeth's ambassador in The Netherlands, Dr Valentine Dale, meets Parmas representatives to begin peace negotiations
Spanish Armada, 1st
It takes until May 30 for all of the Armada to leave port and, on the same day, Elizabeth's ambassador in The Netherlands, Dr Valentine Dale, meets Parmas representatives to begin peace negotiations
Spanish Armada, 1st
The fleet was to be commanded by the highly experienced Elvaro de , but he died in May 1588, a few months before the sailing date, and Medina Sidonia is appointed in his place
Spanish Armada, 1st
The fleet was to be commanded by the highly experienced Elvaro de , but he died in May 1588, a few months before the sailing date, and Medina Sidonia is appointed in his place
July 158848 historical events
Invasion of England
Negotiations were abandoned, and the English fleet stood prepared, if ill-supplied, at Plymouth, awaiting news of Spanish movements
Invasion of England
Negotiations were abandoned, and the English fleet stood prepared, if ill-supplied, at Plymouth, awaiting news of Spanish movements
Diplomatic Negotiations
Negotiations are abandoned
Spanish Armada, 1st
Peace negotiations are abandoned
Armada Sighted
Howard receives reports that the Spanish Armada has been sighted off Cornwall and prepares the English fleet to contest its passage up the Channel.
Battle of Calais
An English attack is launched from the Scilly Isles by Lord Howard
Delayed by bad weather, the Armada is not sighted in England until
Delayed by bad weather, the Armada is not sighted in England until July 19, when it appears off The Lizard in Cornwall, the news is conveyed to London by a sequence of beacons that had been constructed the length of the south coast of England
Invasion of England
Delayed by bad weather, the Armada is not sighted in England until July 19, when it appears off The Lizard in Cornwall, the news is conveyed to London by a sequence of beacons that had been constructed the length of the south coast of England
Invasion of England
The Armada was delayed by bad weather, forcing the four galleys and one of the galleons to leave the fleet, and was not sighted in England until 19 July, when it appeared off The Lizard in Cornwall.
Invasion of England
The Spanish convened a council of war, where it was proposed to ride into the harbour on the tide and incapacitate the defending ships at anchor and from there to attack England; but Medina Sidonia declined to act because this had been explicitly forbidden by Philip, and decided to sail
Invasion of England
The news was conveyed to London by a system of beacons that had been constructed all the way along the south coast. On that evening, the English fleet was trapped in Plymouth Harbour by the incoming tide.
Invasion of England
on to the east and towards the Isle of Wight
Spanish Armada, 1st
The Armada was delayed by bad weather, forcing the four galleys and one of the galleons to leave the fleet, and was not sighted in England until 19 July, when it appeared off The Lizard in Cornwall.
Spanish Armada, 1st
The Spanish convened a council of war, where it was proposed to ride into the harbour on the tide and incapacitate the defending ships at anchor and from there to attack England; but Medina Sidonia declined to act because this had been explicitly forbidden by Philip, and decided to sail
Spanish Armada, 1st
The news was conveyed to London by a system of beacons that had been constructed all the way along the south coast. On that evening, the English fleet was trapped in Plymouth Harbour by the incoming tide.
Spanish Armada, 1st
on to the east and towards the Isle of Wight
Invasion of England
The Armada was delayed by bad weather, forcing the four galleys and one of the galleons to leave the fleet, and was not sighted in England until 19 July, when it appeared off The Lizard in Cornwall.
Invasion of England
The Spanish convened a council of war, where it was proposed to ride into the harbour on the tide and incapacitate the defending ships at anchor and from there to attack England; but Medina Sidonia declined to act because this had been explicitly forbidden by Philip, and decided to sail
Invasion of England
The news was conveyed to London by a system of beacons that had been constructed all the way along the south coast. On that evening, the English fleet was trapped in Plymouth Harbour by the incoming tide.
Invasion of England
on to the east and towards the Isle of Wight
Spanish Armada, 1st
The Armada was delayed by bad weather, forcing the four galleys and one of the galleons to leave the fleet, and was not sighted in England until 19 July, when it appeared off The Lizard in Cornwall.
Spanish Armada, 1st
The Spanish convened a council of war, where it was proposed to ride into the harbour on the tide and incapacitate the defending ships at anchor and from there to attack England; but Medina Sidonia declined to act because this had been explicitly forbidden by Philip, and decided to sail
Spanish Armada, 1st
The news was conveyed to London by a system of beacons that had been constructed all the way along the south coast. On that evening, the English fleet was trapped in Plymouth Harbour by the incoming tide.
Spanish Armada, 1st
on to the east and towards the Isle of Wight
Invasion of England
The Armada was delayed by bad weather, forcing the four galleys and one of the galleons to leave the fleet, and was not sighted in England until 19 July, when it appeared off The Lizard in Cornwall.
Invasion of England
The Spanish convened a council of war, where it was proposed to ride into the harbour on the tide and incapacitate the defending ships at anchor and from there to attack England; but Medina Sidonia declined to act because this had been explicitly forbidden by Philip, and decided to sail
Invasion of England
The news was conveyed to London by a system of beacons that had been constructed all the way along the south coast. On that evening, the English fleet was trapped in Plymouth Harbour by the incoming tide.
Invasion of England
on to the east and towards the Isle of Wight
Spanish Armada, 1st
The Armada was delayed by bad weather, forcing the four galleys and one of the galleons to leave the fleet, and was not sighted in England until 19 July, when it appeared off The Lizard in Cornwall.
Spanish Armada, 1st
The Spanish convened a council of war, where it was proposed to ride into the harbour on the tide and incapacitate the defending ships at anchor and from there to attack England; but Medina Sidonia declined to act because this had been explicitly forbidden by Philip, and decided to sail
Spanish Armada, 1st
The news was conveyed to London by a system of beacons that had been constructed all the way along the south coast. On that evening, the English fleet was trapped in Plymouth Harbour by the incoming tide.
Spanish Armada, 1st
on to the east and towards the Isle of Wight
Spanish Armada, 1st
As the tide turned, 55 English ships set out to confront them from Plymouth under the command of Lord Howard of Effingham, with Sir Francis Drake as Vice Admiral. Howard ceded some control to Drake, given his experience in battle. The rear admiral was Sir John Hawkins
Spanish Armada, 1st
As the tide turned, 55 English ships set out to confront them from Plymouth under the command of Lord Howard of Effingham, with Sir Francis Drake as Vice Admiral. Howard ceded some control to Drake, given his experience in battle. The rear admiral was Sir John Hawkins
Spanish Armada, 1st
As the tide turned, 55 English ships set out to confront them from Plymouth under the command of Lord Howard of Effingham, with Sir Francis Drake as Vice Admiral. Howard ceded some control to Drake, given his experience in battle. The rear admiral was Sir John Hawkins
Departure
The Armada Fleets sets sail from Corunna
Battle off Plymouth
Drake and other English commanders attack the Armada off Plymouth, using longer-range gunnery while avoiding the close grappling combat favoured by Spain.
Spanish Armada, 1st
The Spanish fleet sails past the Firth of Forth, and the English cease their pursuit, much of the Spanish fleet is destroyed as it sails around Scotland and Ireland
Calais Fireships Disrupt Armada off Flanders
Drake helps drive fireships toward the anchored Armada, forcing Spanish ships to scatter before the Gravelines fighting.
Spanish Armada, 1st
The English set alight eight fireships, sacrificing regular warships by filling them with pitch, brimstone, some gunpowder and tar, and cast them downwind among the closely anchored vessels of the Armada.
Spanish Armada, 1st
The Spanish feared that these uncommonly large fireships were "hellburners", specialised fireships filled with large gunpowder charges, which had been used to deadly effect at the Siege of Antwerp.
Spanish Armada, 1st
Two were intercepted and towed away, but the remainder bore down on the fleet. Medina Sidonia's flagship and the principal warships held their positions, but the rest of the fleet cut their anchor cables and scattered in confusion
English Fleet Presses Armada toward Flemish Coast
Howard keeps the English fleet close to the Armada as it moves toward the Flemish coast.
Armada Fails to Reach Parma Transport Force
Medina Sidonia cannot establish the protected anchorage needed to embark Parma's army from Flanders.
Spanish Armada, 1st
The two fleets sight each other off Dodman Point
Spanish Armada, 1st
Drake is waiting in Plymouth with 14 galleons & 50 other vessels
Spanish Armada, 1st
First sights the English Fleet off Dodman Point
Parma Army Waits for Armada Escort
Farnese's invasion troops wait in Flemish ports for naval protection that the Armada cannot provide.
August 158865 historical events
Battle of Gravelines
The Spanish Armada is defeated by an English naval force under command of Lord Charles Howard and Sir Francis Drake off the coast of Gravelines, now in France
Battle of Gravelines
The Spanish Armada is defeated by an English naval force under command of Lord Charles Howard and Sir Francis Drake off the coast of Gravelines, now in France
Battle of Gravelines
16 Spanish ships are captured.
Battle of Gravelines
On the day after Gravelines, the wind had backed, southerly, enabling Medina Sidonia to move the Armada northward (away from the French coast), the English pursue the Spanish fleet, to prevent it returning to escort Parma.
Battle of Gravelines
Ordered by Lord Howard to patrol Dunkirk & Nieuport.
Battle of Gravelines
Prevents Parma making a dash for the English coast.
Battle of Gravelines
The Spanish fleet manages to escape to the North Sea due to a sudden squall.
Armada Anchors at Calais
Medina Sidonia anchors the Armada off Calais while awaiting contact with Parma, creating the vulnerable concentration that the English exploit with fireships.
Battle of Gravelines
Perez de Guzman is chased by 2 English ships to the Firth of Forth
Battle of Gravelines
A change in wind direction enables Sidona to flee north west
Battle of Gravelines
The Spanish Armada is defeated by an English naval force under command of Lord Charles Howard and Sir Francis Drake off the coast of Gravelines, now in France. Escapes the English by rounding the Orkneys then returning to Spain
Blockade of Flemish Ports
The Armada is forced to return to Spain via the North Sea & the Atlantic. 29-30 July, cannot break the blockade where the Armada must refit & obtain ammunition
Flemish Port Access Denied
The blockade prevents the Armada from using the Flemish coast for the refit and ammunition it needs before returning toward Spain
Battle of Gravelines
The Spanish Armada is defeated by an English naval force under command of Lord Charles Howard and Sir Francis Drake off the coast of Gravelines, now in France
Spanish Armada, 1st
The Armada is attacked by 200 English ships, assisted by the Dutch navy, in the North Sea at Gravelines, a fire-ship attack drives the Armada ships from their anchorage, and in the ensuing Battle the Spanish abandon their rendezvous with Parma. Anchors off Calais Roads ready to rendezvous with Parma, as instructed
Battle of Flanders Coast
The English and Spanish fleets again engage off the coast of Flanders, the English again are more successful
Battle of Flanders Coast
The English and Spanish fleets again engage off the coast of Flanders, the English again are more successful
Battle of Gravelines
On the day after Gravelines, the wind had backed, southerly, enabling Medina Sidonia to move the Armada northward (away from the French coast), the English pursue the Spanish fleet, to prevent it returning to escort Parma
Calais Fireship Attack
Howard sends fireships into the crowded Spanish anchorage at Calais, forcing Armada captains to cut their cables and scatter before Parma can embark his army.
Battle of Flanders Coast
The Spanish are unable to reach the coast of Flanders to meet up with the army of the Duke of Parma, Medina Sidonia decides to return to Spain. The English and Spanish fleets again engage off the coast of Flanders, the English again are more successful
Spanish Armada, 1st
Parma is trapped in Dunkirk by a shallow harbour. Informed by from Parma that the "Great Enterprise" is hopeless
Spanish Armada, 1st
The Spanish are unable to reach the coast of Flanders to meet up with the army of the Duke of Parma, Medina Sidonia decides to return to Spain. The English and Spanish fleets again engage off the coast of Flanders, the English again are more successful
Battle of Flanders Coast
The Spanish are unable to reach the coast of Flanders to meet up with the army of the Duke of Parma, Medina Sidonia decides to return to Spain. The English and Spanish fleets again engage off the coast of Flanders, the English again are more successful
Spanish Armada, 1st
The English and Spanish fleets again engage off the coast of Flanders, the English again are more successful
Spanish Armada, 1st
Parma is trapped in Dunkirk by a shallow harbour. Informed by from Parma that the "Great Enterprise" is hopeless
Battle of Calais
Sends 8 tarred fireships to attack the Armada where it waits to rendezvous with Parma
Invasion of England
Queen Elizabeth visits Tilbury to encourage her forces and gives to them what is probably her most famous speech
Spanish Armada, 1st
Queen Elizabeth visits Tilbury to encourage her forces and gives to them what is probably her most famous speech. I know I have the body of a weak and feeble woman, but I have the heart and stomach of a king, and of a king of England too
Battle of Gravelines
Howard's fleet attacks the disordered Armada near Gravelines and inflicts severe damage, preventing the Spanish from restoring the formation needed to cover an invasion.
Gravelines Fighting Forces Armada North
After fighting off Flanders, the Armada is forced northward and abandons the planned junction with Parma.
Tilbury Mobilisation
Elizabeth visits the army assembled at Tilbury and addresses troops prepared to resist any Spanish landing while the Armada remains a threat at sea.
Armada Pursuit Continues beyond Flanders
Drake joins the pursuit as the damaged Armada moves away from Flanders into the North Sea.
English Ammunition Pressure Eases after Gravelines
Howard reduces close pursuit after the Armada is driven clear of Flanders and English ammunition runs low.
Spanish Armada, 1st
Howard calls a halt to the chase in the latitude of the Firth of Forth off Scotland but ut by that point, the Spanish are suffering from thirst and exhaustion, the only option left to Sidonia is to chart a course home to Spain, along the Atlantic
Spanish Armada, 1st
Although their shot lockers were almost empty, the English pursued in an attempt to prevent the enemy from returning to escort Parma.
Spanish Armada, 1st
By that point, the Spanish were suffering from thirst and exhaustion, and the only option left to Medina Sidonia was to chart a course home to Spain, by a very hazardous route
Spanish Armada, 1st
On 2 August Old Style (12 August New Style) Howard called a halt to the pursuit in the latitude of the Firth of Forth off Scotland.
Spanish Armada, 1st
On the day after the Battle of Gravelines, the wind had backed southerly, enabling Medina Sidonia to move his fleet northward away from the French coast.
Spanish Armada, 1st
Howard calls a halt to the chase in the latitude of the Firth of Forth off Scotland but ut by that point, the Spanish are suffering from thirst and exhaustion, the only option left to Sidonia is to chart a course home to Spain, along the Atlantic
Spanish Armada, 1st
Although their shot lockers were almost empty, the English pursued in an attempt to prevent the enemy from returning to escort Parma.
Spanish Armada, 1st
By that point, the Spanish were suffering from thirst and exhaustion, and the only option left to Medina Sidonia was to chart a course home to Spain, by a very hazardous route
Spanish Armada, 1st
On 2 August Old Style (12 August New Style) Howard called a halt to the pursuit in the latitude of the Firth of Forth off Scotland.
Spanish Armada, 1st
On the day after the Battle of Gravelines, the wind had backed southerly, enabling Medina Sidonia to move his fleet northward away from the French coast.
Invasion of England
Earl of Leicester maintained a force of 4,000 soldiers at West Tilbury, Essex, to defend the Thames Estuary against any incursion up-river towards London.
Invasion of England
On 8 August (18 August New Style) Queen Elizabeth went to Tilbury to encourage her forces, and the next day gave to them what is probably her most famous speech.
Invasion of England
The threat of invasion from The Netherlands had not yet been discounted by the English, and Robert Dudley.
Spanish Armada, 1st
Earl of Leicester maintained a force of 4,000 soldiers at West Tilbury, Essex, to defend the Thames Estuary against any incursion up-river towards London.
Spanish Armada, 1st
On 8 August (18 August New Style) Queen Elizabeth went to Tilbury to encourage her forces, and the next day gave to them what is probably her most famous speech.
Spanish Armada, 1st
The threat of invasion from The Netherlands had not yet been discounted by the English, and Robert Dudley.
Invasion of England
Earl of Leicester maintained a force of 4,000 soldiers at West Tilbury, Essex, to defend the Thames Estuary against any incursion up-river towards London.
Invasion of England
On 8 August (18 August New Style) Queen Elizabeth went to Tilbury to encourage her forces, and the next day gave to them what is probably her most famous speech.
Invasion of England
The threat of invasion from The Netherlands had not yet been discounted by the English, and Robert Dudley.
Spanish Armada, 1st
Earl of Leicester maintained a force of 4,000 soldiers at West Tilbury, Essex, to defend the Thames Estuary against any incursion up-river towards London.
Spanish Armada, 1st
On 8 August (18 August New Style) Queen Elizabeth went to Tilbury to encourage her forces, and the next day gave to them what is probably her most famous speech.
Spanish Armada, 1st
The threat of invasion from The Netherlands had not yet been discounted by the English, and Robert Dudley.
Speech
"My loving people, we have been persuaded by some that are careful of our safety, to take heed how we commit ourselves to armed multitudes for fear of treachery; but, I do assure you, I do not desire to live to distrust my faithful and loving people.
Speech
I know I have the body of a weak and feeble woman; but I have the heart and stomach of a king - and of a King of England too, and think foul scorn that Parma or Spain, or any prince of Europe, should dare
Speech
I know already, for your forwardness, you have deserved rewards and crowns, and, we do assure you, on the word of a prince, they shall be duly paid you.
Speech
In the mean time, my lieutenant general shall be in my stead, than whom never prince commanded a more noble or worthy subject; not doubting but by your obedience to my general, by your concord in the camp, and your valour in the field, we shall shortly have a famous victory over those enemies of my God, of my kingdom, and of my people."
Speech
Let tyrants fear, I have always so behaved myself, that under God I have placed my chiefest strength and safeguard in the loyal hearts and goodwill of my subjects; and, therefore, I am come amongst you as you see at this time, not for my recreation and disport, but being
Speech
resolved, in the midst and heat of battle, to live or die amongst you all – to lay down for my God, and for my kingdoms, and for my people, my honour and my blood even in the dust.
Speech
to invade the borders of my realm; to which, rather than any dishonour should grow by me, I myself will take up arms - I myself will be your general, judge, and rewarder of every one of your virtues in the field.
Invasion of England
Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester maintaines a force of 4,000 soldiers at West Tilbury, Essex, to defend the estuary of the River Thames against any incursion up-river towards London
Spanish Armada, 1st
Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester maintaines a force of 4,000 soldiers at West Tilbury, Essex, to defend the estuary of the River Thames against any incursion up-river towards London
English Strategy Prevents Armada Junction with Parma
English naval pressure prevents the Armada from safely joining Parma's invasion army on the Flemish coast.
September 15885 historical events
Birth of Marin Mersenne
Marin Mersenne is born near Oize in the French province of Maine.
Spanish Armada, 1st
It was reported that, when Philip II learned of the result of the expedition, he declared, "I sent the Armada against men, not God's winds and waves."
Spanish Armada, 1st
Many more died in Spain, or on hospital ships in Spanish harbours, from diseases contracted during the voyage.
Spanish Armada, 1st
Many survivors were near death from disease because the ships were cramped and had exhausted their food and water.
Spanish Armada, 1st
Only 67 ships and fewer than 10,000 men survived.
November 15881 historical events
Armada Thanksgiving Services Ordered
National thanksgiving services celebrate deliverance from the Spanish Armada and reinforce Protestant interpretations of Elizabethan national identity.
December 15882 historical events
Death of Henry Guise
Death of Henry of Guise, assassinated
Assassination of Henry Guise
Murdered near the King's bedchamber while Henry III hides behind the curtains
Succession
Succeeds as King of Denmark & Norway
Geoheliocentric Planetary Model
Places the planets around the Sun while the Sun circles Earth.
Tychonic System
Publishes a planetary model combining a stationary Earth with solar orbits.
Discovery of Greenland
Launches an expedition to Greenland
Alliance Elizabeth I and Henry IV in France
Sends contingents to support Henry IV in France
Excommunication
Elizabeth is excommunicated by the Pope for a 2nd time on the eve of the Armada
Commander in Chief
Named Commander in Chief of the English fleet against the Spanish Armada although he does not directly take charge of the fighting
Spanish Armada, 1st
Effingham orders an indirect strategy of harassing the Spanish fleet rather than attacking them directly
Commander in Chief
Named Commander in Chief of the English fleet against the Spanish Armada although he does not directly take charge of the fighting
Montaigne Develops Of Experience
In the third book Montaigne's essay Of Experience examined the relation between everyday living and abstract rules. The piece became a culminating statement of his preference for attentive self knowledge.
Montaigne Meets Marie De Gournay
Montaigne met Marie de Gournay, who became a devoted intellectual ally and later editor of his works. Their relationship played an important role in the preservation of his literary legacy.
Third Book of Essays
Montaigne publishes an enlarged edition containing the third book of the Essays.
Assassination of Henry Guise
Guise is summoned to attend the King, and is assassinated, his brother Louis II, Cardinal of Guise is assassinated the next day, arouses such outrage among the remaining relatives and allies of Guise that Henry III was forced to flee
Death of Henry Guise
Death of Henri Guise, assassinated
Alliance Henry III and Huguenot cousin, Henry of Navarre
Forced into an alliance with a Huguenot cousin, Henry of Navarre
Catholic League
Expelled by the Duke of Guise, head of the Catholic League
Exile of Henry III
Expelled by the Duke of Guise, head of the Catholic League
Capture of Saluzzo
Captures Saluzzo
Admiral
Appointed Captain of the Union
Captain
Appointed Captain of the Union
Admiral
Appointed Captain of the Union
Captain
Appointed Captain of the Union
Captain
Appointed Leader of the Armada,
Mobilization
The Spanish fail to join up due to the Dutch "sea beggars". Spanish ships outnumber English 2:1
Spanish Armada, 1st
Hopes to march through Kent to London & wait for a Catholic rising
Spanish Armada, 1st
Plans to join Parma at the "Cape of Margate" & carry his army from Flanders to England
Spanish Armada, 1st
At the outset Sidonia has 128 warships and 2 converted merchant ships under his command, the plan is to sail through the English Channel and.
Spanish Armada, 1st
The Armada is attacked by 200 English ships, assisted by the Dutch navy, in the North Sea at Gravelines, a fire-ship attack drives the Armada ships from their anchorage, and.
Spanish Armada, 1st
The Armada is blown north up the east coast of England and attempts a return to Spain by sailing around Scotland and out into the Atlantic, past Ireland but very severe weather destroys a portion of the fleet, and more than 24 vessels are wrecked.
Spanish Armada, 1st
The Armada is sent to suppress English support for the United Provinces, part of the Spanish Netherlands, and to cut off attacks against Spanish possessions in the New World and the Atlantic treasure fleets.
Spanish Armada, 1st
The expedition is supported by Pope Sixtus V, with the promise of a subsidy should it make land.
Spanish Armada, 1st
The fleet was to be commanded by the highly experienced Elvaro de , but he died in May 1588, a few months before the sailing date, and Medina Sidonia is appointed in his place.
Spanish Armada, 1st
anchor off the coast of Flanders unite with the Duke of Parmas army & invade south east England.
Spanish Armada, 1st
in the ensuing Battle the Spanish abandon their rendezvous with Parma.
Sinking of San Salvador - Magazine Explosion
San Salvador was crippled by an accidental magazine explosion during the Armada's Channel passage and subsequently fell into English hands.
Sinking of San Salvador
The San Salvador suddenly explodes while proceeding up the Channel. Sunk with 15,000 ducats & 418 sailors & soldiers. Falls to Drake's galleons while being chased up the Channel
Spanish Armada, 1st
Medina Sidonia initially commanded 128 warships and two converted merchant ships.
Spanish Armada, 1st
The fleet was to be commanded by the highly experienced Elvaro de, but he died in May 1588, a few months before the sailing date, and Medina Sidonia is appointed in his place.
Spanish Armada, 1st
The fleet was to sail through the English Channel, anchor off Flanders, join the Duke of Parma's army, and invade southeastern England.
Spanish Armada, 1st
On the day after Gravelines, the wind had backed, southerly, enabling Medina Sidonia to move the Armada northward (away from the French coast), the English pursue the Spanish fleet, to prevent it returning to escort Parma.
Spanish Armada, 1st
The Armada is blown north up the east coast of England and attempts a return to Spain by sailing around Scotland and out into the Atlantic, past Ireland but.
Spanish Armada, 1st
very severe weather destroys a portion of the fleet, and more than 24 vessels are wrecked.
Invasion of England
At the outset Sidonia has 128 warships and 2 converted merchant ships under his command, the plan is to sail through the English Channel and anchor off the coast of Flanders unite with the Duke of Parma's army & invade south east England
Spanish Armada, 1st
At the outset Sidonia has 128 warships and 2 converted merchant ships under his command, the plan is to sail through the English Channel and.
Spanish Armada, 1st
The Armada is attacked by 200 English ships, assisted by the Dutch navy, in the North Sea at Gravelines, a fire-ship attack drives the Armada ships from their anchorage, and.
Spanish Armada, 1st
The Armada is blown north up the east coast of England and attempts a return to Spain by sailing around Scotland and out into the Atlantic, past Ireland but very severe weather destroys a portion of the fleet, and more than 24 vessels are wrecked.
Spanish Armada, 1st
The Armada is sent to suppress English support for the United Provinces, part of the Spanish Netherlands, and to cut off attacks against Spanish possessions in the New World and the Atlantic treasure fleets.
Spanish Armada, 1st
The expedition is supported by Pope Sixtus V, with the promise of a subsidy should it make land.
Spanish Armada, 1st
The fleet was to be commanded by the highly experienced Elvaro de , but he died in May 1588, a few months before the sailing date, and Medina Sidonia is appointed in his place.
Spanish Armada, 1st
anchor off the coast of Flanders unite with the Duke of Parmas army & invade south east England.
Spanish Armada, 1st
in the ensuing Battle the Spanish abandon their rendezvous with Parma.
Captain
Appointed Commander of the Armada
Naval Commissarry
Appointed Naval Commissary of Seville
Death of Sonam Gyatso
Sonam Gyatso dies while continuing his religious mission in Mongolia.