1637, February 15th ยท Austria ยท Warfare ยท Thirty Years War ยท Ferdinand II
Death of Ferdinand II
Death of Ferdinand II
June 16378 historical events
1637, June ยท France ยท Leiden ยท Humanities ยท Philosophy ยท Rene Descartes
Algebra and Geometry
Descartes connects algebra and geometry in ways that strongly influence later mathematical analysis.
1637, June ยท France ยท Leiden ยท Humanities ยท Philosophy ยท Rene Descartes
The Geometry
The Geometry demonstrates how algebraic equations can be used to solve geometrical problems.
1637, June ยท France ยท Leiden ยท Humanities ยท Philosophy ยท Rene Descartes
Law of Refraction
Descartes gives a mathematical treatment of refraction in his published work on optics.
1637, June ยท France ยท Leiden ยท Humanities ยท Philosophy ยท Rene Descartes
The Dioptrics
The Dioptrics presents Descartes's account of light, vision, lenses and refraction.
1637, June ยท France ยท Leiden ยท Humanities ยท Philosophy ยท Rene Descartes
The Meteorology
The Meteorology applies mechanical explanations to rainbows, clouds, winds and other atmospheric phenomena.
1637, June ยท France ยท Leiden ยท Humanities ยท Philosophy ยท Rene Descartes
Cogito Ergo Sum
Descartes presents thought itself as evidence of the thinker's existence.
1637, June ยท France ยท Leiden ยท Humanities ยท Philosophy ยท Rene Descartes
Discourse on the Method
Descartes publishes the Discourse on the Method in French with three accompanying scientific essays.
1637, June ยท France ยท Leiden ยท Humanities ยท Philosophy ยท Rene Descartes
Methodical Doubt
The Discourse presents disciplined doubt as a means of seeking secure foundations for knowledge.
July 16372 historical events
1637, July 21st ยท Netherlands ยท Breda ยท Warfare ยท Eighty Years' War ยท Henry Casimir of Nassau-Dietz
Surprise Attack on Breda
Henry Casimir led an unsuccessful cavalry attempt to surprise Breda before the formal siege.
1637, July 21st ยท Netherlands ยท Breda ยท Warfare ยท Eighty Years' War ยท Frederick Henry of Orange
Siege of Breda Begins
Frederick Henry opened the Dutch siege intended to recover Breda from Spanish control.
September 16372 historical events
1637, September 7th ยท England ยท Breda ยท Warfare ยท Eighty Years' War ยท George Monck
Assault on Breda Hornwork
Monck fought in the attack that captured an important hornwork outside Breda.
1637, September ยท England ยท Breda ยท Warfare ยท Eighty Years' War ยท George Monck
Defence of Siege Works
Monck helped repel Spanish attempts to disrupt Dutch mining and approach works.
October 16375 historical events
1637, October 2nd ยท Netherlands ยท Breda ยท Warfare ยท Eighty Years' War ยท Henry Casimir of Nassau-Dietz
Capture of Outer Defences
Henry Casimir captured outer works that exposed Breda's inner defences to further attack.
1637, October 6th ยท Spain ยท Breda ยท Warfare ยท Eighty Years' War ยท Gomar Fourdin
Request for Capitulation
Fourdin requested honourable surrender terms after the Dutch captured key outer positions.
1637, October 10th ยท Netherlands ยท Breda ยท Warfare ยท Eighty Years' War ยท Frederick Henry of Orange
Capitulation of Breda
Frederick Henry accepted Breda's capitulation and allowed the garrison an honourable withdrawal.
1637, October 11th ยท Spain ยท Breda ยท Warfare ยท Eighty Years' War ยท Gomar Fourdin
Spanish Withdrawal from Breda
Fourdin led the Spanish garrison out with flags and drums under the surrender terms.
1637, October 20th ยท Germany ยท Breda ยท Warfare ยท Military ยท Rupert of the Rhine
Capture of Breda
Serves with Prince Frederick Henry of Orange, in George Moncks company
November 16371 historical events
1637, November 15th ยท Scotland ยท Warfare ยท Bishops War, 1st ยท James Graham Montrose, 1st
Election
Elected Member of Tables, a comittee set up to represent religious grievances
1637 ยท China ยท House ยท House of Ming ยท Tien Chi
Invasion of Korea
Compels a formal renunciation of the Chinese Dynasty in Korea
1637 ยท China ยท House ยท House of Ming ยท Tien Chi
Rule of Korea
Compels a formal renunciation of the Chinese Dynasty in Korea
1637 ยท England ยท London ยท Government ยท Government of England ยท John Hampden
Reform of Legal System
Launches an appeal against the "ship money" in the High Court but fails
1637 ยท England ยท Dublin ยท Government ยท Government of England ยท Richard Boyle Cork, 1st
Conflict with Wentworth
Boyle resisted Wentworth's attacks on his estates, offices, and political influence.
1637 ยท England ยท Ireland ยท Government ยท Government of England ยท Thomas Wentworth Strafford, 1st
Promotion of Linen Industry
Wentworth encouraged linen production as an export industry that would not compete directly with English woollens.
1637 ยท England ยท Ireland ยท Government ยท Government of England ยท Thomas Wentworth Strafford, 1st
Restriction of Woollen Industry
Wentworth discouraged Irish woollen exports to protect English commercial interests.
1637 ยท England ยท Hertford ยท House ยท House of Seymour ยท Edward Seymour Somerset, 1st
Peerage
Created Earl of Hertford
1637 ยท England ยท London ยท House ยท House of Stewart ยท Charles I
Reform of Navy
Enhances the Navy, the "Sovereign of the Seas" is constructed
1637 ยท England ยท Oxford ยท Humanities ยท History ยท John Evelyn
Balliol College Oxford
Evelyn matriculates at Balliol College, Oxford.
1637 ยท England ยท England ยท Humanities ยท Philosophy ยท Thomas Hobbes
Return from Continental Tour
Hobbes returns to England after his extended continental travels with the Cavendish household.
1637 ยท England ยท Breda ยท Warfare ยท Eighty Years' War ยท George Monck Albemarle, 1st
Siege of Breda
Serves in the Dutch army during campaigns that improve his professional military reputation.
1637 ยท France ยท Humanities ยท Philosophy ยท Rene Descartes
Descartes Explains Cogito Through Self Reflection
Descartes argued that the act of doubting cannot eliminate the existence of the thinker performing it. The insight gave his philosophical reconstruction a starting point resistant to skeptical challenge.
1637 ยท France ยท Humanities ยท Philosophy ยท Rene Descartes
Descartes Explains Rainbow Through Refraction
In Meteorology Descartes used optical reasoning to account for the appearance and geometry of the rainbow. The discussion exemplified his preference for mechanical models over traditional qualitative explanations.
1637 ยท France ยท Humanities ยท Philosophy ยท Rene Descartes
Descartes Formulates Four Methodological Rules
In the Discourse Descartes recommended clear evidence, division of difficulties, ordered reasoning and comprehensive review. The rules provided a public summary of his proposed discipline of inquiry.
1637 ยท France ยท Humanities ยท Philosophy ยท Rene Descartes
Descartes Interprets Sight Through Physical Optics
In Dioptrics Descartes connected the transmission of light with the workings of the eye. His treatment linked mathematical optics to an account of how bodies produce visual experience.
1637 ยท France ยท Humanities ยท Philosophy ยท Rene Descartes
Descartes Presents Algebraic Representation Of Curves
In Geometry Descartes connected curves and equations within a general mathematical method. The work helped establish techniques that became fundamental to analytic geometry.