1640
Accepts Speakership
Lenthall assumes the chair and begins presiding over the Long Parliament.
Calendar browse by year
Browse historical records dated to 1640. Records are rendered from the World History Database into this page's initial HTML.
Lenthall assumes the chair and begins presiding over the Long Parliament.
Strafford supported continued royal action after Charles dissolved the Short Parliament.
Rous supports comprehensive reform of church government after the petition arrives.
Cromwell moves the second reading of a bill proposing annual parliamentary sessions.
Charles concentrates poorly supplied English forces in northern England.
Charles concentrates poorly supplied English forces in northern England.
Strafford returns to face the hostile Long Parliament despite warnings from allies.
Monck helps preserve English artillery during the retreat from Newburn.
Convocation adopts new canons asserting royal authority and stricter religious conformity.
Captures Aberdeen for the Royalists
Captures Aberdeen for the Covenanters
Louis XIII captures Arras
The Covenanters capture Edinburgh
Scottish forces occupy Newcastle after victory at Newburn.
The Scottish Covenanter army occupies Newcastle after the English defeat at Newburn.
Scottish forces occupy Newcastle after victory at Newburn.
The Scottish Covenanter army occupies Newcastle after the English defeat at Newburn.
The Covenanters capture Newcastle
Leads royal forces into Catalonia after the revolt breaks out
Leads Catalan resistance to Spanish royal authority
Faces rebellion in Catalonia after tensions with royal troops and taxation
Pym identifies religious innovation, arbitrary taxation and ministerial misconduct as national grievances.
Convocation grants six clerical subsidies to help finance the King’s Scottish war.
Appointed Commander of the Swedish army in Germany
Strafford is committed to the Tower after the Commons presents its impeachment.
Pym joins efforts asking the King to delay dissolution and address grievances.
Pym coordinates attacks on ministers, taxation and religious innovations.
The Commons insists that grievances must be addressed before voting money for war.
The Commons insists that grievances must be addressed before voting money for war.
Pym opposes the Lords attempt to influence taxation proceedings in the Commons.
Pym maintains discreet communication with Scottish opponents of royal religious policy.
Laud continues Convocation after the Short Parliament has been dissolved.
Laud keeps Convocation sitting after Parliament ends by issuing a new royal commission.
Is killed during the Corpus de Sang uprising in Barcelona
Strafford attended the Great Council of Peers convened to address the military and financial emergency.
Serves with the Scottish forces advancing into northern England
Serves in the Scottish army during the occupation of Newcastle
Captures Aberdeen for the Covenanters
The Covenanters capture Newcastle
The Covenanters capture Edinburgh
The city admits the Covenanter army after English commanders withdraw.
The city admits the Covenanter army after English commanders withdraw.
Wentworth received the additional title Baron Raby when he became Earl of Strafford.
Wentworth is created Earl of Strafford and elevated within the English peerage.
Dering criticises abuses by bishops while initially favouring reformed episcopal government.
Charles decides that continuing debate will not produce the requested subsidies.
Charles decides that continuing debate will not produce the requested subsidies.
Conway commands English troops defending the River Tyne crossings against the Covenanters.
Wants peace without concessions based on the Peace of Prague
Scottish forces retain Durham as security until a final peace settlement.
Scottish forces retain Durham as security until a final peace settlement.
The Commons elects Glanville to preside over the Short Parliament.
The Commons elects Lenthall as Speaker at the opening of the Long Parliament.
Hampden returns to Parliament as a prominent opponent of ship money.
Cambridge electors return Cromwell to the Long Parliament.
Grimston is returned for Colchester and becomes a leading critic of Personal Rule.
Culpeper enters the Long Parliament as a representative of Kent.
Oxford University returns Selden to the Long Parliament.
Glynne is elected for Westminster and becomes active in legal proceedings.
Ashley-Cooper enters the Long Parliament as member for Downton.
Cromwell is returned as member for Cambridge in the Long Parliament.
Hampden is re-elected and helps coordinate parliamentary opposition.
Haselrig is elected for Leicestershire and joins the parliamentary opposition.
Hyde is elected for Saltash and supports early constitutional reforms.
Pym again represents Tavistock and assumes leadership of the Commons reform programme.
Strode returns to Parliament after imprisonment following the 1629 confrontation.
Vane enters the Long Parliament with access to sensitive government information.
Ashley-Cooper sits for Tewkesbury when the Short Parliament assembles.
Holles is returned for Dorchester when Parliament meets in April.
Pym is returned for Tavistock and prepares to lead opposition in the Commons.
St John enters the Short Parliament after his prominent legal opposition to ship money.
Charles’s defeated northern army withdraws toward York after abandoning Newcastle.
Charles’s defeated northern army withdraws toward York after abandoning Newcastle.
Astley commands infantry supporting the English defensive position near Newburn.
Arundel serves among the English commissioners negotiating with the Covenanters.
The new canons require clergy and professionals to swear the disputed Et Cetera Oath.
Charles addresses his first English Parliament since dissolving Parliament in 1629.
Charles addresses his first English Parliament since dissolving Parliament in 1629.
Finch flees abroad to avoid parliamentary prosecution for conduct during Personal Rule.
Strafford secured four subsidies from the Irish Parliament for the King's military programme.
Pym supports creation of a grand committee to examine religious grievances.
Charles asks assembled peers for advice following the Scottish invasion.
Charles asks assembled peers for advice following the Scottish invasion.
Charles convenes a Great Council of Peers after military defeat in the north.
Charles convenes a Great Council of Peers after military defeat in the north.
Vane advises Charles during the emergency meeting of peers at York.
Pym argues that constitutional grievances must precede any grant of taxation.
The Lords ordered Strafford into custody after the Commons delivered its impeachment accusation.
Strafford's illness restricted his ability to organise the demoralised royal army.
The Commons impeaches Laud for high treason and attacks his religious policies.
The Commons impeaches Strafford for high treason and attacks his conduct of government.
The Commons prepares charges over ship money judgments and abuses of judicial authority.
Launches an invasion of North East England & reaches Durham
Crosses into England & begins the 2nd Bishops War
Hampden supports inquiries into judges who upheld the national ship money levy.
Wandesford administered Ireland after Strafford returned to England for the parliamentary and military crisis.
Charles leaves London to supervise the English war effort in northern England.
Charles leaves London to supervise the English war effort in northern England.
Laud escapes an armed crowd that attacks Lambeth Palace during the night.
Pym emerges as a leading Commons spokesman when the Short Parliament opens.
St John explains the constitutional objections to ship money during parliamentary debate.
Selden argues that established law limits exercises of royal prerogative.
Strafford became lieutenant general under the Earl of Northumberland for the second campaign against Scotland.
Public demonstrations urge the King to summon another Parliament.
Public demonstrations urge the King to summon another Parliament.
Montagu enters the Long Parliament as a prominent critic of Personal Rule.
Charles announces that a new Parliament will meet in November.
Charles announces that a new Parliament will meet in November.
Culpeper serves during debates over taxation, religion and royal authority.
Glynne joins parliamentary efforts to investigate abuses committed during Personal Rule.
Haselrig enters the Long Parliament as a determined opponent of royal policies.
Hyde enters the Long Parliament and initially supports constitutional reform.
Charles seeks parliamentary funds for English troops and payments owed to the Scots.
Charles seeks parliamentary funds for English troops and payments owed to the Scots.
Lenthall begins presiding over a Commons determined to investigate Personal Rule.
Charles opens the Parliament later known as the Long Parliament.
Charles opens the Parliament later known as the Long Parliament.
Payments required by the Ripon treaty make parliamentary taxation unavoidable.
Payments required by the Ripon treaty make parliamentary taxation unavoidable.
The Parliament beginning in November later becomes known for its exceptional duration.
The Parliament beginning in November later becomes known for its exceptional duration.
The military and financial crisis forces Charles to recall Parliament.
The military and financial crisis forces Charles to recall Parliament.
Charles assembles Parliament because war and occupation have exhausted royal finances.
Charles assembles Parliament because war and occupation have exhausted royal finances.
Pym seeks systematic remedies for abuses associated with the King’s Personal Rule.
Pym catalogues political, financial and religious grievances before discussing supply.
Strafford receives the senior title of Lord Lieutenant of Ireland.
Arundel supports the Lords recommendation that the Commons grant money before debating grievances.
Serves in Spanish Habsburg military command during the French capture of Arras
Charles authorises negotiations with Scottish commissioners after the English military collapse.
Charles authorises negotiations with Scottish commissioners after the English military collapse.
Strafford works to organise and discipline the English army assembled against Scotland.
The treaty leaves Scottish forces occupying Northumberland while negotiations continue.
The treaty leaves Scottish forces occupying Northumberland while negotiations continue.
The Treaty of Ripon allows the Scots to keep control of Northumberland and Durham
The Treaty of Ripon allows the Scots to keep control of Northumberland and Durham
Charles asks Parliament to finance the armies and relieve counties occupied by the Scots.
Charles asks Parliament to finance the armies and relieve counties occupied by the Scots.
Hampden supports examining grievances before granting the King new taxation.
Charles calls the Long Parliament following defeat and settlement in the Bishops Wars.
Charles calls the Long Parliament following defeat and settlement in the Bishops Wars.
Financial obligations under the Ripon settlement compel Charles to meet Parliament.
Financial obligations under the Ripon settlement compel Charles to meet Parliament.
Parliament investigates Wren’s enforcement of Laudian religious practices.
Members begin challenging taxation, religious policy and ministers associated with Personal Rule.
Members begin challenging taxation, religious policy and ministers associated with Personal Rule.
Montagu joins peers seeking ministerial accountability and regular parliamentary government.
Cromwell supports measures intended to prevent another prolonged suspension of Parliament.
Vane participates in discussions recommending negotiation with the Scottish army.
The Great Council advises Charles to summon Parliament and continue peace negotiations.
The Great Council advises Charles to summon Parliament and continue peace negotiations.
Pym urges Charles to negotiate with Scotland and continue parliamentary deliberation.
Pym encourages committees to hear petitions from people harmed during Personal Rule.
Is killed during the Portuguese coup against Spanish rule
Loses Portugal when the Braganza revolt proclaims John IV king
Pym and his allies prepared to strike against Strafford before the Earl could act against them.
Penington presents a mass London petition calling for abolition of episcopacy.
Pym links the Commons refusal of supply to abuses committed during Personal Rule.
Pym links the Commons refusal of supply to abuses committed during Personal Rule.
Strafford raised an Irish army intended to support Charles against the Scottish Covenanters.
Monck organises part of the English withdrawal after the position collapses.
Burton returns publicly after punishment for attacking episcopal religious policy.
Strafford returned to Ireland to obtain money and troops for the Scottish war.
Bastwick receives a popular welcome after release from island imprisonment.
English and Scottish commissioners begin formal negotiations at Ripon.
English and Scottish commissioners begin formal negotiations at Ripon.
The treaty suspends the Second Bishops War and establishes temporary occupation arrangements.
The treaty suspends the Second Bishops War and establishes temporary occupation arrangements.
Rous supports the petition demanding abolition of episcopal church government.
A mass petition asks Parliament to abolish episcopacy within the Church of England.
A mass petition asks Parliament to abolish episcopacy within the Church of England.
Northumberland held nominal command of the royal army while illness limited his active service.
The Scottish army advances beyond Newcastle and occupies parts of Durham.
The Scottish army advances beyond Newcastle and occupies parts of Durham.
Scottish troops extend their occupation southward into County Durham.
Scottish troops extend their occupation southward into County Durham.
The Ripon settlement allows Scottish forces to remain quartered in County Durham.
The Ripon settlement allows Scottish forces to remain quartered in County Durham.
Scottish commissioners submitted accusations concerning Strafford's role in the wars and his actions against Scots in Ireland.
Scottish legislation proceeds without the King’s assent during the constitutional confrontation.
Scottish legislation proceeds without the King’s assent during the constitutional confrontation.
Helps frame the legal arguments behind Scotland's parliamentary challenge
The Covenanter army crosses into England and advances through Northumberland.
The Covenanter army crosses into England and advances through Northumberland.
Charles accepts daily payments supporting the occupying Scottish army.
Charles accepts daily payments supporting the occupying Scottish army.
The Treaty of Ripon permits the Scottish army to remain in Durham pending settlement.
The Treaty of Ripon permits the Scottish army to remain in Durham pending settlement.
The Ripon agreement recognises continued Scottish occupation of Northumberland.
The Ripon agreement recognises continued Scottish occupation of Northumberland.
A further Scottish parliamentary session begins without normal royal direction.
A further Scottish parliamentary session begins without normal royal direction.
The Scottish Parliament begins its second session amid constitutional conflict with Charles.
The Scottish Parliament begins its second session amid constitutional conflict with Charles.
The Scottish Parliament asserts that its measures may become law without royal assent.
The Scottish Parliament asserts that its measures may become law without royal assent.
The second Scottish parliamentary session ends after challenging royal authority.
The second Scottish parliamentary session ends after challenging royal authority.
St John supports parliamentary opposition to taxation imposed without parliamentary approval.
Hampden opposes granting subsidies before the Commons examines national grievances.
Strafford urged the Short Parliament to grant supplies before debating wider political grievances.
Charles dissolves the Short Parliament after the Commons refuses immediate war subsidies.
Charles dissolves the Short Parliament after the Commons refuses immediate war subsidies.
Glanville’s brief speakership ends when Charles dissolves Parliament.
Charles asks both Houses to provide rapid financial support against Scotland.
Charles asks both Houses to provide rapid financial support against Scotland.
Charles summons Parliament after eleven years to seek funds for war against the Covenanters.
Charles summons Parliament after eleven years to seek funds for war against the Covenanters.
Holles participates in opposition to unconditional subsidies during the Short Parliament.
Glanville opens Commons business during the first Parliament held since 1629.
Charles ends eleven years of Personal Rule by meeting the Short Parliament.
Charles ends eleven years of Personal Rule by meeting the Short Parliament.
The King asks the Commons to finance military operations against the Scottish Covenanters.
The King asks the Commons to finance military operations against the Scottish Covenanters.
Charles issues the summons for a Parliament to meet in April.
Charles issues the summons for a Parliament to meet in April.
Pym delivers the central Commons argument against voting subsidies before redress.
Captures Aberdeen for the Royalists
The Covenanters capture Newcastle
Grimston condemns illegal taxation, religious corruption and mistreatment of political opponents.
Glynne assists parliamentary preparation of the legal case against Strafford.
Vane supplies notes used to argue that Strafford advocated government beyond legal restraint.
Pym moves rapidly to impeach Strafford as the principal architect of arbitrary government.
Strafford enters the Tower while the Lords consider the impeachment accusations.
The Treaty of Ripon ends hostilities, present at the signing
The Treaty of Ripon allows the Scots to keep control of Northumberland and Durham. Ends the Second Bishops War between Charles I & the Scots
Strafford opposed concessions that would leave the Scottish army occupying northern counties at English expense.
English and Scottish commissioners sign the treaty ending active hostilities.
English and Scottish commissioners sign the treaty ending active hostilities.
Charles agrees to pay the Scottish army eight hundred and fifty pounds daily.
Charles agrees to pay the Scottish army eight hundred and fifty pounds daily.
Crowds welcome Prynne back from imprisonment imposed by the prerogative courts.
Essex joins peers requesting a Parliament after the defeat at Newburn.
Bristol urges the King to seek parliamentary assistance during the national emergency.
Saye and Sele signs the petition demanding a Parliament and redress of grievances.
Brooke joins the aristocratic opposition demanding constitutional consultation.
Howard of Escrick signs the peers petition seeking parliamentary government.
Mandeville supports the peers appeal for Parliament after military defeat.
Paget urges Charles to call Parliament and settle the Scottish conflict.
Warwick signs the request for Parliament and an end to arbitrary government.
Bedford signs the peers petition urging Charles to summon Parliament and negotiate peace.
Hertford supports the petition for parliamentary advice and a negotiated settlement.
Mulgrave supports summoning Parliament to address war, finance and religious grievances.
Wharton joins the petitioners demanding Parliament and investigation of grievances.
Charles dissolves Parliament after failing to obtain money for the renewed Scottish war.
Charles dissolves Parliament after failing to obtain money for the renewed Scottish war.
Charles presses the Commons to decide quickly whether it will grant subsidies.
Charles presses the Commons to decide quickly whether it will grant subsidies.
The French withdraw from Salses in Rousillon
Royal writs initiate elections for the Parliament scheduled to meet in November.
Royal writs initiate elections for the Parliament scheduled to meet in November.
Descartes's daughter Francine dies during childhood, causing him profound personal grief.
Strafford attempted to restore order after the English defeat at Newburn opened northern England to Scottish occupation.
Defeats a Spanish fleet under Gomez de Sandoval
Is defeated by Jean Armand de Breze's French fleet near Cadiz
Defeated by the French fleet
Scottish Covenanters defeat the English army at Newburn.
The Covenanter army defeats English forces attempting to defend the River Tyne crossings.
Commands the cavalry under Lord Leven against the forces of Charles I
Scottish Covenanters defeat the English army at Newburn.
The Covenanter army defeats English forces attempting to defend the River Tyne crossings.
Two days after the battle the city of Newcastle is surrendered to the Scots. Leads to the Treaty of Ripon
Provenance
These entries are read from the World History Database date API and written into static HTML. Dates, names and descriptions are reviewed and normalised as the database develops.
Browse all years · Browse by month and day · Search the full database