Commons Meets at Guildhall
Pym participates as the Commons temporarily meets in the City for protection.
Historical events in 1642
389 historical records
January 164255 historical events
Appointment as Chancellor of the Exchequer
Charles appoints Culpeper Chancellor of the Exchequer during the constitutional crisis.
Accusation of High Treason
Charles I accuses William Strode and other parliamentary leaders of high treason.
Named in Treason Accusation
Strode is named with the other Commons members in the royal accusation.
Accusation of High Treason
Charles I accuses John Hampden and other parliamentary leaders of high treason.
Named in Treason Accusation
Hampden is accused alongside Pym and other parliamentary leaders.
Accusation of High Treason
Charles I accuses Denzil Holles and other parliamentary leaders of high treason.
Named in Treason Accusation
Holles is included among the Commons members accused by Charles.
Accusation of High Treason
Charles I accuses Arthur Haselrig and other parliamentary leaders of high treason.
Named in Treason Accusation
Haselrig becomes one of the parliamentary leaders accused of treason.
Accusation of High Treason
Charles I accuses John Pym and other parliamentary leaders of high treason.
Named in Treason Accusation
Pym is named as a principal target in the King's treason accusation.
Accusation of High Treason
Charles accuses Holles and the other parliamentary leaders of high treason.
Formal Accusation against Five Members
Charles formally accuses five Commons members and Lord Mandeville of high treason.
Formal Accusation against Five Members
Charles formally accuses five Commons members and Lord Mandeville of high treason.
Accusation against Lord Mandeville
Mandeville is accused alongside the five members of the House of Commons.
Accusation of High Treason
Charles I accuses Lord Mandeville alongside the five Commons members.
Escape from Royal Arrest
Strode evades the royal attempt to seize the five Commons members.
Failed Arrest of Five Members
Strode avoids capture when the King enters the Commons.
Escape from Royal Arrest
Hampden avoids the attempted royal arrest and shelters within the City.
Failed Arrest of Five Members
Hampden escapes before Charles enters the Commons to arrest the parliamentary leaders.
Escape from Royal Arrest
Holles leaves Westminster before the King arrives to arrest him.
Escape from Royal Arrest
Haselrig escapes the Commons and takes refuge among parliamentary supporters.
Failed Arrest of Five Members
Haselrig avoids arrest when Charles enters the Commons seeking the Five Members.
Escape from Royal Arrest
Pym reaches safety in the City before the King enters the Commons.
Failed Arrest of Five Members
Pym evades arrest and takes refuge within the City of London.
Speaker Defies Royal Demand
Lenthall refuses to disclose the missing members' location without instructions from the House.
Speaker Defies Royal Demand
Lenthall refuses to reveal the Five Members' whereabouts and declares himself the servant of the House.
Entry into House of Commons
Charles enters the Commons with an armed escort seeking the accused members.
Entry into House of Commons
Charles enters the Commons with an armed escort seeking the accused members.
Attempted Arrest of Five Members
Holles is one of the five Commons members sought by Charles I during the failed arrest attempt at Westminster.
Attempted Arrest of Five Members
Pym avoids arrest when Charles I enters the House of Commons seeking five leading opponents of royal policy.
Attempted Arrest of Five Members
Charles enters the Commons but finds the accused members have escaped.
Attempted Arrest of Five Members
Charles enters the Commons but finds the accused members have escaped.
City Protects Five Members
Penington supports City resistance to royal efforts to capture the parliamentary leaders.
Death of Galilei Galileo
Death of Galilei Galileo
Charles Leaves Whitehall
Popular opposition after the failed arrests causes Charles and the royal family to leave Whitehall.
Departure from London
Charles and the royal family leave London after popular demonstrations support Parliament.
Royal Family Leaves Whitehall
The royal family moves from Whitehall to Hampton Court amid public unrest.
Charles Leaves Whitehall
Popular opposition after the failed arrests causes Charles and the royal family to leave Whitehall.
Departure from London
Charles and the royal family leave London after popular demonstrations support Parliament.
Royal Family Leaves Whitehall
The royal family moves from Whitehall to Hampton Court amid public unrest.
Command of London Militia
Parliament appoints Skippon to command the London Trained Bands.
Commander of London Trained Bands
Parliament appoints Skippon commander of the London Trained Bands.
Return of Five Members
Pym returns to Westminster with the other accused Commons members.
Triumphal Return to Westminster
Pym returns to Parliament by river with the other accused members.
Conciliatory Message to Parliament
Charles sends Parliament a conciliatory message after leaving London.
Conciliatory Message to Parliament
Charles sends Parliament a conciliatory message after leaving London.
Mobilization
Digby attends a Royalist recruiting muster at Kingston-upon-Thames.
Exile of George Digby
Digby leaves England to avoid arrest after supporting the attempted action against parliamentary leaders.
Second Conciliatory Message
Charles sends another message seeking negotiations with the two Houses.
Second Conciliatory Message
Charles sends another message seeking negotiations with the two Houses.
Execution
Roe is executed at Tyburn after conviction as a Catholic priest.
Execution
Greene is executed at Tyburn for exercising his Catholic priesthood.
Appointment as Governor of Hull
Parliament appoints Hotham governor of Hull and its important military magazine.
February 164221 historical events
Militia Negotiations
Holles seeks support in the Lords for parliamentary control of the militia.
Pardon Offered to Five Members
Charles offers a pardon to the Commons members previously accused of treason.
Queen's Journey to Holland
Charles announces that Henrietta Maria and Princess Mary will travel to Holland.
Pardon Offered to Five Members
Charles offers a pardon to the Commons members previously accused of treason.
Queen's Journey to Holland
Charles announces that Henrietta Maria and Princess Mary will travel to Holland.
Release from Tower
Dering is released after imprisonment arising from conflict with Parliament.
Bishops Exclusion Act
Charles assents to legislation excluding bishops from the House of Lords and temporal offices.
Bishops Removed from Lords
Legislation removes bishops from the House of Lords and secular government positions.
Royal Assent to Bishops Exclusion
Charles assents to the exclusion of bishops from the House of Lords.
Bishops Exclusion Act
Charles assents to legislation excluding bishops from the House of Lords and temporal offices.
Bishops Removed from Lords
Legislation removes bishops from the House of Lords and secular government positions.
Royal Assent to Bishops Exclusion
Charles assents to the exclusion of bishops from the House of Lords.
Departure for the Netherlands
Henrietta Maria sails for the Netherlands carrying valuables used to obtain military supplies.
Journey to the Netherlands
Princess Mary travels with her mother to join the Prince of Orange.
Exile of Henrietta Maria
Henrietta Maria sails for the Netherlands with Princess Mary and part of the crown jewels.
Drafting the Militia Reply
Hyde prepares arguments defending the King's traditional authority over the militia.
Royal Reply to Militia Bill
Hyde drafts the King's reply refusing Parliament's proposed control of the militia.
Militia Bill Rejected at Greenwich
Charles rejects Parliament's demand to appoint the kingdom's militia commanders.
Militia Bill Rejected
Charles refuses Parliament's demand for control of the militia.
Militia Bill Rejected at Greenwich
Charles rejects Parliament's demand to appoint the kingdom's militia commanders.
Militia Bill Rejected
Charles refuses Parliament's demand for control of the militia.
March 164215 historical events
Militia Ordinance Promoted
Pym supports an ordinance placing county militias under parliamentary nominees.
Militia Ordinance
Parliament passes the Militia Ordinance to place county forces under its nominees.
Militia Ordinance
Parliament passes the Militia Ordinance to place county forces under its nominees.
Militia Ordinance
Pym supports Parliament's Militia Ordinance, which places county military forces under commanders approved by Parliament.
Militia Authority under Parliament
Essex supports Parliament's claim to direct armed forces without royal assent.
Militia Ordinance
Essex supports implementation of Parliament's Militia Ordinance.
Utrecht Condemnation
The Utrecht authorities restrict public teaching of Cartesian philosophy amid theological controversy.
Adventurers Act Supported
Pym supports legislation financing operations in Ireland through future land grants.
Royal Court Established at York
Charles establishes his court at York while gathering northern political support.
Royal Court Established at York
Charles establishes his court at York while gathering northern political support.
Ordinances without Royal Assent
Parliament asserts that its ordinances may operate without the King's assent during the emergency.
Parliamentary Ordinances Asserted
Parliament claims authority to issue binding ordinances without royal assent.
Ordinances without Royal Assent
Parliament asserts that its ordinances may operate without the King's assent during the emergency.
Parliamentary Ordinances Asserted
Parliament claims authority to issue binding ordinances without royal assent.
Second-in-Command of Parliament Fleet
Batten becomes second in command under Warwick as Parliament secures the allegiance of most of the fleet.
April 164214 historical events
Hotham Declared a Traitor
Charles denounces Hotham after being refused entry to Hull.
Hotham Declared a Traitor
Charles denounces Hotham after being refused entry to Hull.
King Refused Entry to Hull
Hotham refuses Charles entry to Hull and denies him access to the town's magazine.
King Refused Entry to Hull
Hotham refuses Charles I entry to Hull and its military magazine.
King Approaches Hull
Charles travels from York to demand entry to Hull and its military magazine.
King Refused Entry to Hull
Hotham refuses Charles entry to Hull under Parliament's instructions.
King Approaches Hull
Charles travels from York to demand entry to Hull and its military magazine.
King Refused Entry to Hull
Hotham refuses Charles entry to Hull under Parliament's instructions.
Defence of Hull Magazine
Hotham denies the King access to Hull's large store of weapons and ammunition.
Message from Beverley on Hull
Charles reports Hotham's refusal to Parliament and demands redress.
Message from Beverley on Hull
Charles reports Hotham's refusal to Parliament and demands redress.
Parliament Supports Hull Governor
Parliament endorses Hotham's refusal and maintains control of the Hull magazine.
Covenanters
Begins to secure a base for the Covenanters in Down
Siege of Down
Begins to secure a base for the Covenanters in Down
May 16429 historical events
Proposed Transfer of Law Courts
Charles proposes transferring the central law courts from London to York.
Proposed Transfer of Law Courts
Charles proposes transferring the central law courts from London to York.
Covenanters
Succeeds in securning a base for the Covenanters in Down
Siege of Down
Succeeds in securning a base for the Covenanters in Down
Transfer of Law Courts Rejected
Parliament declares the proposed transfer of the law courts unlawful.
Transfer of Law Courts Rejected
Parliament declares the proposed transfer of the law courts unlawful.
Parliament Declares King Is Making War
Parliament declares that the King's military preparations amount to war against Parliament.
Parliament Declares King Is Making War
Parliament declares that the King's military preparations amount to war against Parliament.
Siege of Newry
Occupies Newry & massacres 80 of its inhabitants
June 164214 historical events
Nineteen Propositions Drafted
Pym supports demands for parliamentary control over ministers, religion and the armed forces.
Nineteen Propositions Approved
Parliament approves the Nineteen Propositions demanding extensive control over ministers, armed forces and royal policy.
Nineteen Propositions Approved
Parliament approves the Nineteen Propositions demanding extensive control over ministers, armed forces and royal policy.
Nineteen Propositions Received
Charles receives Parliament's proposals for a major transfer of royal authority.
Nineteen Propositions Received
Charles receives Parliament's proposals for a major transfer of royal authority.
Petition
Fairfax presents a Yorkshire petition urging the King to return to Westminster.
First Commissions of Array Issued
Charles authorises supporters to muster county forces through commissions of array.
First Commissions of Array
Charles issues commissions authorising supporters to muster county forces.
First Commissions of Array Issued
Charles authorises supporters to muster county forces through commissions of array.
First Commissions of Array
Charles issues commissions authorising supporters to muster county forces.
Answer to Nineteen Propositions
Charles rejects the proposals and defends the established balance of the constitution.
Answer to Nineteen Propositions
Charles rejects the proposals and defends the established balance of the constitution.
Nineteen Propositions Rejected
The King rejects Parliament's programme for controlling ministers, religion and the armed forces.
Nineteen Propositions Rejected
The King rejects Parliament's programme for controlling ministers, religion and the armed forces.
July 164229 historical events
Appointment to Command the Fleet
Parliament appoints Warwick to command the fleet against royal instructions.
Naval Support for Parliament
Batten supports Warwick as the fleet rejects the King's preferred commander.
Fleet Accepts Parliamentarian Admiral
Most naval captains accept Warwick and declare their support for Parliament.
Fleet Declares for Parliament
Most of the fleet rejects royal orders and accepts Parliament's admiral.
Fleet Declares for Parliament
Most of the fleet rejects royal orders and accepts Parliament's admiral.
Loss of Fleet Command
Penington cannot secure obedience after the fleet chooses Warwick.
Battle of Barcelona
Defeats a Spanish force under Ciudad Real
Battle of Barcelona
Defeated by a French Fleet under Maille-Breze
Committee of Safety Membership
Holles receives appointment to Parliament's wartime executive committee.
Committee of Safety Appointment
Vane joins Parliament's Committee of Safety to coordinate military administration.
Committee of Safety
Vane joins the Committee of Safety directing Parliament's war administration.
Military Administration Committee
Vane helps organise military policy and supplies through the Committee of Safety.
Committee of Safety Service
Hampden joins Parliament's central committee for military affairs.
Committee of Safety Established
Pym joins the committee coordinating Parliament's armies and military supplies.
Committee of Safety Appointment
Pym becomes a leading member of Parliament's Committee of Safety.
Committee of Safety Appointment
Waller joins the committee responsible for Parliament's military direction.
Hull Defensive Flooding
Hotham's defenders open sluices and flood approaches around Hull.
Royalist Raid Repelled at Hull
Hotham's garrison drives away Royalists attempting to burn buildings outside the walls.
Resolution to Raise Parliamentary Army
Pym supports Parliament's resolution to raise an army for defence of the kingdom.
Parliamentarian Field Army Commission
Essex receives command of the army Parliament resolves to raise.
Cambridge Volunteers
Parliament authorises Cromwell to raise two volunteer companies in Cambridgeshire.
Cambridgeshire Volunteers Authorised
Cromwell receives authority to raise volunteer companies in Cambridgeshire.
Impeachment
Stanley is accused after violence during an unsuccessful Royalist move against Manchester.
Royalist Entry into Manchester
Stanley leads armed Royalists into Manchester but fails to hold the town.
Siege of Manchester
Stanley leads Royalist forces into Manchester but is driven from the town.
Royalist Siege of Hull
Charles directs an unsuccessful attempt to force Hull's Parliamentarian garrison to submit.
Withdrawal from Hull
Charles abandons the Hull siege after flooding and strong resistance frustrate the Royalists.
Royalist Siege of Hull
Charles directs an unsuccessful attempt to force Hull's Parliamentarian garrison to submit.
Withdrawal from Hull
Charles abandons the Hull siege after flooding and strong resistance frustrate the Royalists.
August 164227 historical events
Hull Commissioners Dismissed
Charles dismisses parliamentary commissioners during renewed disputes over Hull.
Hull Commissioners Dismissed
Charles dismisses parliamentary commissioners during renewed disputes over Hull.
Royal Proclamation against Parliament
Charles declares leading parliamentary opponents traitors and calls for their suppression.
Royal Proclamation against Parliament
Charles declares leading parliamentary opponents traitors and calls for their suppression.
Mobilization
Skippon reviews London regiments at Finsbury Fields during Parliament's mobilisation.
Discovery of New Zealand
Sets sail on his discovery of New Zealand
Declaration of War
Charles raises the Royal Standard at Nottingham and summons supporters to arms.
Royal Standard Raised
Charles raises his standard and formally summons supporters against Parliament.
Royal Standard at Nottingham
Charles arrives at Nottingham and begins formally assembling the Royalist army.
Declaration of War
Charles raises the Royal Standard at Nottingham and summons supporters to arms.
Royal Standard Raised
Charles raises his standard and formally summons supporters against Parliament.
Royal Standard at Nottingham
Charles arrives at Nottingham and begins formally assembling the Royalist army.
Knight of the Garter
Created Knight of the Garter by Charles I
Royal Standard
Present with Charles I in Nottingham when the Royal Standard is raised declaring war
Skirmish near Southam
Northampton's cavalry clashes with Parliamentarian forces during the opening mobilisation.
Commission as Captain of Horse
Cromwell receives authority to command a troop of horse raised around Huntingdon.
Quartermaster
Desborough serves as quartermaster to Cromwell's newly raised troop of horse.
Cavalry Troop Mustered
Cromwell musters a troop of horse for Parliament's army.
Royalist Defence of Portsmouth
Goring prepares Portsmouth to resist Parliamentarian land and naval forces.
Siege of Warwick Castle
Northampton leads Royalist forces attempting to capture Parliamentarian-held Warwick Castle.
Coventry Refuses Royal Entry
Coventry refuses Charles entry and denies the Royalists access to the fortified city.
Parliamentary Peace Conditions
Parliament demands that Charles lower his standard and withdraw treason accusations.
Peace Proposals after Coventry
After failing to secure Coventry, Charles offers negotiations while continuing mobilisation.
Coventry Refuses Royal Entry
Coventry refuses Charles entry and denies the Royalists access to the fortified city.
Parliamentary Peace Conditions
Parliament demands that Charles lower his standard and withdraw treason accusations.
Peace Proposals after Coventry
After failing to secure Coventry, Charles offers negotiations while continuing mobilisation.
Ransom
Rupert of the Rhine demands 2000 marks from the Mayor of Leicester, the Mayor sends Charles I 500 marks
September 164245 historical events
Royal Standard Re-Erected
The Royal Standard is raised again after the original standard collapses in bad weather.
Royal Standard Re-Erected
The Royal Standard is raised again after the original standard collapses in bad weather.
Portsmouth Surrendered
Goring surrenders Portsmouth after Parliament blockades and bombards the port.
Capture of Portsmouth
Waller receives the surrender of Portsmouth after Parliamentarian land and naval pressure.
Capture of Portsmouth
Goring surrenders the Royalist garrison of Portsmouth to Parliamentarian forces.
Parliamentarian Entry into Portsmouth
Meldrum enters Portsmouth with Waller after the Royalist surrender.
Dismissal as Tower Lieutenant
Parliament removes Byron from the lieutenancy of the Tower of London.
Appointment as Tower Lieutenant
Parliament appoints Sir John Conyers Lieutenant of the Tower of London.
Death of Armand Jean du Plessis de Richelieu
Louis has Cinq Mars executed, 2 months before Richelius death
Execution
Louis has Cinq Mars executed, 2 months before Richelius death
Battle of Breitenfeld, 1st
Wins a victory at the Battle of Breitenfeld
Capture of Perpignan
The French capture Perpignan & complete their grip on Rousillon
Battle of Powick Bridge
Browne's Parliamentarian cavalry is routed by Prince Rupert at Powick Bridge.
Parliamentarian Defeat at Powick Bridge
Browne's cavalry is surprised and driven from the field by Prince Rupert.
Battle of Powick Bridge
Crane is knighted after service with the victorious Royalist cavalry at Powick Bridge.
Royalist Charge at Powick Bridge
Crane serves in the Royalist cavalry that routs Parliament's advance guard.
Battle of Powick Bridge
Charles's Royalist cavalry defeats Parliament's advance guard at Powick Bridge.
Battle of Powick Bridge
Charles's Royalist cavalry defeats Parliament's advance guard at Powick Bridge.
Battle of Powick Bridge
Digby supports Prince Rupert's cavalry during the Royalist victory at Powick Bridge.
Battle of Powick Bridge
Wins the 1st skirmish of the civil war defeating the Earl of Essex near Worcester. Leads a detachment of 1,000 horse & dragoons & routes a Parliamentary force. Fires on the advanced guard of Parliamentarians who are heading towards Worcester
Battle of Powick Bridge
Rupert's Royalist cavalry routs Parliament's advance guard near Powick Bridge while covering the Oxford treasure convoy.
Battle of Worcester
Rupert of the Rhine does not have enough forces to defend Worcester & camps at Powick Bridge
Protection of Oxford Treasure Convoy
Rupert covers Sir John Byron's withdrawal from Worcester, allowing the Oxford treasure convoy to continue safely toward the King's army.
Siege of Worcester
Rupert of the Rhine does not have enough forces to defend Worcester & camps at Powick Bridge
Occupation of Worcester
Essex's Parliamentarian army occupies Worcester the day after the action at Powick Bridge.
Occupation of Worcester
Essex occupies Worcester after the Royalist cavalry withdraws from the area.
Battle of Worcester
Ordered by Charles I to make Worcester secure & preserve his forces for battle
Siege of Worcester
Ordered by Charles I to make Worcester secure & preserve his forces for battle
Parliamentarian Occupation of Worcester
Essex occupies Worcester while the Royalist army gathers in the west.
Naval Blockade of Portsmouth
Warwick's ships prevent relief or escape while Parliament's army besieges Portsmouth.
Mobilization
Parliament directs Holland to help secure Hull against Royalist pressure.
Mobilization
Parliament directs Holland to help secure the Tower of London.
Mobilization
Charles establishes a recruiting centre at Shrewsbury and draws support from Wales.
Parliamentarian Occupation of Oxford
Parliamentarian forces briefly occupy Oxford before the Royalist field army returns.
Royalist Recruitment at Shrewsbury
Charles gathers recruits, money and equipment before marching eastward.
Mobilization
Charles establishes a recruiting centre at Shrewsbury and draws support from Wales.
Parliamentarian Occupation of Oxford
Parliamentarian forces briefly occupy Oxford before the Royalist field army returns.
Royalist Recruitment at Shrewsbury
Charles gathers recruits, money and equipment before marching eastward.
Oxford Surrendered to Parliament
Byron abandons Oxford, allowing Parliamentarian forces to enter the city.
Siege of Portsmouth
Waller directs Parliamentarian forces besieging the Royalist garrison.
Battle of Worcester
Essex occupis Worcester as Charles I is unable to send reinforcements to Prince Rupert
Siege of Stafford
Rupert of the Rhine rejoins Charles I at Stafford
Siege of Worcester
Essex occupis Worcester as Charles I is unable to send reinforcements to Prince Rupert
General
Appointed Commander of the Cavalry
General
Appointed Commander of the Cavalry
October 164255 historical events
Mobilization
Charles reaches Edgecote while seeking the Parliamentarian army before Edgehill.
Mobilization
Charles reaches Edgecote while seeking the Parliamentarian army before Edgehill.
Royalist Army Located near Wormleighton
Essex receives reports locating the King's army before Edgehill.
Battle of Edgehill
Lindsey resigns command after disagreeing with the battle plan proposed by Lord Forth.
Council of War
The Royalist council plans to secure Banbury and Oxford before advancing farther.
Royalist Council at Edgecote
Charles and his commanders plan the approach to Banbury and Oxford.
Council of War
The Royalist council plans to secure Banbury and Oxford before advancing farther.
Royalist Council at Edgecote
Charles and his commanders plan the approach to Banbury and Oxford.
Battle of Edgehill
Advises Charles I to mobilize at Edgehill the next morning & challenge his enemy
Battle of Edgehill
Wilmot commands several Royalist cavalry regiments during the Battle of Edgehill.
Parliamentarian Cavalry at Edgehill
Balfour commands Parliamentarian horse in the reserve at Edgehill.
Royal Standard Seized at Edgehill
Balfour's Parliamentarian cavalry temporarily captures the Royal Standard during the battle.
Battle of Edgehill
Hampden reaches the battlefield late and reinforces Essex's Parliamentarian army.
Reinforcement Arrives at Edgehill
Hampden arrives late with Parliamentarian troops and joins the closing stages.
Battle of Edgehill
Heydon directs Parliamentarian artillery during the Battle of Edgehill.
Battle of Edgehill
Ramsay commands Parliamentarian dragoons during the Battle of Edgehill.
Battle of Edgehill
Verney carries the Royal Standard and is killed during the fighting at Edgehill.
Battle of Edgehill
Lucas commands a troop of Royalist horse during the Battle of Edgehill.
Battle of Edgehill
Bulstrode serves with a Royalist infantry regiment at Edgehill.
Battle of Edgehill
Cromwell commands a troop of Parliamentarian horse during the Edgehill campaign.
Battle of Edgehill
Essex fights Charles's army to an inconclusive result at Edgehill.
Parliamentarian Army Holds at Edgehill
Essex's infantry resists Royalist attacks and remains on the field after nightfall.
Parliamentarian Withdrawal to Warwick
Essex withdraws his army toward Warwick after the Battle of Edgehill.
Royalist Army
Essex receives reports locating the Royalist army before Edgehill.
Battle of Edgehill
Feilding commands a Royalist regiment during the Battle of Edgehill.
Battle of Edgehill
Lindsey leads his infantry at Edgehill and is mortally wounded in the fighting.
Death of Robert Bertie
Lindsey dies from wounds received while leading Royalist infantry at Edgehill.
Lindsey Mortally Wounded
Lindsey is mortally wounded while fighting beside his Royalist infantry.
Battle of Edgehill
Digby commands a Royalist regiment during the Battle of Edgehill.
Battle of Edgehill
Charles fights the inconclusive Battle of Edgehill and continues his advance toward London.
Royal Centre at Edgehill
Charles remains with the Royalist centre during the inconclusive battle.
Battle of Edgehill
Charles fights the inconclusive Battle of Edgehill and continues his advance toward London.
Royal Centre at Edgehill
Charles remains with the Royalist centre during the inconclusive battle.
Battle of Edgehill
Byron commands part of the Royalist cavalry reserve at Edgehill.
Battle of Edgehill
Astley commands the Royalist infantry during the Battle of Edgehill.
Prince of Wales at Edgehill
The young Prince Charles accompanies the Royalist army during the Edgehill campaign.
Royalist Infantry Counterattacked
Balfour leads reserve cavalry against the Royalist infantry and temporarily seizes the standard.
Death Defending Royal Standard
Verney is killed while defending the King's standard during the battle.
Battle of Edgehill
Defeats the Earl of Essex near Worcester
General
Appointed General in Chief for Charles I after the death of Lyndsey at Edgehill
General
Appointed General in Chief for Charles I
Banbury Secured for Royalists
Charles's army takes Banbury while advancing toward Oxford and London.
Capture of Banbury
The Royalist army secures Banbury during its march after Edgehill.
Banbury Secured for Royalists
Charles's army takes Banbury while advancing toward Oxford and London.
Capture of Banbury
The Royalist army secures Banbury during its march after Edgehill.
Oxford Becomes Royal Headquarters
Charles enters Oxford and develops the city as the principal Royalist headquarters.
Royal Headquarters Established at Oxford
Charles enters Oxford and begins establishing the city as his wartime headquarters.
Royalist Advance toward London
Charles prepares the Royalist army to advance from Oxford toward London.
Royalist Army Strengthened at Shrewsbury
Charles gathers recruits and cavalry support before marching toward the Midlands.
Oxford Becomes Royal Headquarters
Charles enters Oxford and develops the city as the principal Royalist headquarters.
Royal Headquarters Established at Oxford
Charles enters Oxford and begins establishing the city as his wartime headquarters.
Royalist Advance toward London
Charles prepares the Royalist army to advance from Oxford toward London.
Royalist Army Strengthened at Shrewsbury
Charles gathers recruits and cavalry support before marching toward the Midlands.
March toward London
The Royalist army begins moving toward the capital after Edgehill.
March toward London
The Royalist army begins moving toward the capital after Edgehill.
November 164227 historical events
Siege of Leipzig
The Swedish Commander Tortensson is forced to retreat by Archduke Leopold William
Siege of Leipzig
The Swedish Commander Tortensson is forced to retreat by Archduke Leopold William
Creation as Marquess of Worcester
Charles creates Henry Somerset the first Marquess of Worcester for his Royalist support.
Battle of Breitenfeld, 2nd
Helps defeat the Imperial army
Imperial Army
Helps defeat the Imperial army
Royalist Advance to Reading
Charles reaches Reading while advancing toward London after Edgehill.
Royalist Army Reaches Reading
Charles reaches Reading while Parliamentarian forces reorganise nearer London.
Royalist Advance to Reading
Charles reaches Reading while advancing toward London after Edgehill.
Royalist Army Reaches Reading
Charles reaches Reading while Parliamentarian forces reorganise nearer London.
Attack on Brentford Ordered
Charles orders Royalist troops to attack Parliament's outpost at Brentford.
Attack on Brentford Ordered
Charles orders Royalist troops to attack Parliament's outpost at Brentford.
Battle of Brentford
Holles's regiment helps defend Brentford before being overwhelmed by the Royalist attack.
Defence of Brentford
Holles's regiment resists the Royalist assault before withdrawing toward London.
Capture of Brentford
Rupert of the Rhine captures Brentford for the Royalists, as ordered by Charles I
Siege of Abingdon
Rupert is forced back to Abingdon where he sets up an HQ
Siege of Brentford
Rupert of the Rhine captures Brentford for the Royalists, as ordered by Charles I. Rupert attacks Brentford & defeats Parliaments forces under Holles, Essex & Brooke
Siege of London
Rupert attacks Brentford & defeats Parliaments forces under Holles, Essex & Brooke
London Militia at Turnham Green
Skippon deploys the London Trained Bands within Parliament's larger defensive army.
Battle of Turnham Green
Ramsay helps deploy Parliamentarian forces protecting London at Turnham Green.
Battle of Turnham Green
Essex blocks the Royalist advance toward London at Turnham Green.
Defence of London
Essex mobilises Parliamentarian troops and London militia to defend the capital.
London Forces Muster
Essex gathers Parliamentarian troops and London militia after the defeat at Brentford.
Mobilization
Skippon leads thousands of London militiamen to confront the Royalist army.
Battle of Turnham Green
Charles confronts a larger Parliamentarian army and withdraws from Turnham Green.
Battle of Turnham Green
Charles confronts a larger Parliamentarian army and withdraws from Turnham Green.
Brentford Reoccupied
Essex's forces reoccupy Brentford after the Royalist withdrawal.
Succession as Earl of Manchester
Edward Montagu succeeds his father as the second Earl of Manchester.
December 16425 historical events
Prime Minister of France
Appointed Prime Minister of France
Death of Armand Jean du Plessis de Richelieu
Death of Armand Jean du Plessis de Richelieu
Battle of Tadcaster
Cavendish attacks Parliamentarian forces at Tadcaster during the Yorkshire campaign.
Discovery of New Zealand
1st European to see New Zealand
Battle of Banbury
Northampton's Royalist force is attacked at Banbury and relieved the following day.
Stadholder
Appointed Stadholder of Norway
Parliamentary Guard at Tower
Pym supports guards preventing the King from gaining unrestricted control of the Tower.
Arrest of Thomas Gardiner
Gardiner is imprisoned for defending royal policies associated with ship money.
Arrest
Gardiner is imprisoned for defending royal policies associated with ship money.
Irish Rebellion Policy Debate
Charles offers to lead forces for Ireland while Parliament doubts his intentions.
Royal Court Established at York
Charles establishes his court at York while gathering northern Royalist support.
Royal Court at York
Charles governs from York while political negotiations with Parliament collapse.
Royal Visit to Aston Hall
Charles stays at Aston Hall while moving through the Midlands before Edgehill.
Irish Rebellion Policy Debate
Charles offers to lead forces for Ireland while Parliament doubts his intentions.
Royal Court Established at York
Charles establishes his court at York while gathering northern Royalist support.
Royal Court at York
Charles governs from York while political negotiations with Parliament collapse.
Royal Visit to Aston Hall
Charles stays at Aston Hall while moving through the Midlands before Edgehill.
Appointment as Captain-General
Parliament appoints Essex Captain-General of its field army.
The Holy and Profane State
Fuller publishes The Holy State and the Profane State.
Private First Edition of De Cive
A small private edition of De Cive is printed in Paris as the political section of Hobbes's projected Elements of Philosophy.
De Cive
Hobbes publishes De Cive, developing his theory of political obligation.
Parliamentarian Military Service
Sidney aligns with Parliament during the English Civil War and serves in its military cause.
Raising of Infantry Regiment
Holles raises an infantry regiment for Parliament and becomes an active military supporter during the opening campaign.
Raising of Greencoat Regiment
Hampden raises a Parliamentarian infantry regiment in Buckinghamshire and becomes one of Parliament's prominent wartime leaders.
Commander of Fleet
Charles appoints Penington to command the fleet, but most captains support Parliament.
Disciplined Cavalry Recruitment
Cromwell begins recruiting cavalry selected for discipline and religious commitment.
Reballion of Rebels in Monmouthshire
Cromwell warns Parliament about possible Royalist and Catholic mobilisation in Monmouthshire.
Capture of Dorset
Erle commands Parliamentarian forces during operations across Dorset.
Foot Company
Parliament commissions Knyvett to raise a company of infantry.
Capture of Dorset
Trenchard joins Parliamentarian operations that secure much of Dorset.
Parliamentarian Support
Greaves supports Birmingham's Parliamentarian alignment during the opening Civil War campaign.
Rear Admiral
Carteret receives appointment as a rear-admiral serving Parliament's fleet.
Rear Admiral
Mennes becomes a rear-admiral serving the Royalist naval interest.
Vice Admiral
Batten serves as vice-admiral under Parliament's admiral, the Earl of Warwick.
Commander of Cavalry
Fairfax receives command of Parliamentarian cavalry operating in Yorkshire.
Arrest of Hopton
Hopton is imprisoned after opposing Parliament's claim to command the militia.
Arrest
Hopton is imprisoned after opposing Parliament's claim to command the militia.
Mobilization
Essex assembles Parliament's main field army at Northampton.
Commander of Cavalry
Wentworth receives command of important elements of the Royalist cavalry.
Capture of Pontefract
Cavendish's northern Royalists secure Pontefract Castle.
Invasion of Yorkshire
Cavendish leads the Royalist mobilisation across Yorkshire and northern England.
Appointment as Lord General
Charles appoints Lindsey Lord General of the Royalist field army.
Memory of Strafford
Royalists remembered Strafford as a loyal minister sacrificed during the political crisis preceding civil war.
Appointment as Sergeant-Major-General
Charles appoints Astley Sergeant-Major-General of the Royalist infantry.
Irish Service
Serves in Ireland as English forces try to hold key garrisons after the rebellion.
Montreal
Founded as Ville Marie on the Island in the St Lawrence River
Pascaline
Pascal begins constructing a mechanical calculator to assist his father's tax calculations.
Descartes Faces University Opposition In Utrecht
The introduction of Cartesian thought at Utrecht generated criticism from theologians and university authorities. The controversy exposed tensions between new mechanical philosophy and established teaching.
Second Edition of the Meditations
A second edition adds further objections and Descartes's replies to his philosophical critics.
Biblioteque Mazarine Library
Founds the Biblioteque Mazarine library
Coup
Mars plots to assassinate Richelieu, put dOrleans on the throne & pacify Spain
Colonel
Appointed Commander by Parliament to defend Manchester
Colonel
Appointed Commander by Parliament to defend Manchester
Reballion of Rebels in Charlemont
Establishes a rebel Catholic base in mid-Armagh which resists the Ulster Army
LIncoronazione Di Poppea
Composes, "LIncoronazione Di Poppea"
Discovery of Tasmania
Names Tasmania Van Diemens Land after the Governor General of the Dutch East Indies
Capture of Newark
Captures Newark for the Royalists
Siege of Newark
Captures Newark for the Royalists
Chief of Staff
Appointed Chief of Staff for the Army of Charles I
Council of War
Appointed Member of Charles Is Council of War
Marshal
Appointed Marshal of the Field of Charles Is army
Commander of Ulster
Appointed Commander of the Scottish troops in Ulster
Siege of Charlemont
Fails to dislodge the Cathaloic rebels from their base at Charlemont
Covenanters
Appointed General of the Artillery of the Covenanters in Ulster
General
Appointed General of the Artillery of the Covenanters in Ulster
Covenanters
Appointed Lieutenant General of the Covenanters during the campaign in Ulster
Lieutenant
Appointed Lieutenant General of the Covenanters during the campaign in Ulster
Chief of Staff
Appointed Chief of Staff of Charles Is Army
Reballion of Roman Catholic
Leads the Scottish troops against the Roman Catholic rebels in Ulster
Lord General
Appointed Lord General during the campaign in Ulster
Council of War
Appointed Member of Charles Is Council of War
Marshal
Appointed Marshal of the Field of Charles Is army
Capture of Perpignan
The Spanish surrender Perpignan to the French
Capture of Roussillion
The Spanish surrender Roussillion to the French
Battle of Schweidnitz
The Winner of the Battle of Schweidnitz
Invasion of Saxony
Occupies much of Saxony
Siege of Leipzig
Crosses the Elbe & lays siege to Leipzig
Temporal Authority Established
Gushi Khan installs the fifth Dalai Lama as Tibet's principal temporal ruler.