1643
Alliance Oliver Cromwell and Scottish Presbyterianism
Parliament promises to protect Scottish Presbyterianism
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Browse historical records dated to 1643. Records are rendered from the World History Database into this page's initial HTML.
Parliament promises to protect Scottish Presbyterianism
Charles I turns to Montrose for support who wins most of Scotland for the Royalists
Charles appoints Heath Lord Chief Justice of King's Bench at Oxford.
Hotham is captured near Beverley after attempts to negotiate with Royalist commanders bring his loyalty under suspicion.
Batten opens fire while arms and ammunition from the Continent are being landed for the Royalist cause at Bridlington.
Fiennes commands Bristol before surrendering the city to Royalists.
Buried in Westminster Abbey
Royalist troops burn parts of Birmingham after overcoming local resistance.
Forced to evacuate Bath after being defeated by the Royalists at Lansdown
The Covenanters capture Berwick
Nathaniel Fiennes surrenders Bristol to Rupert of the Rhine
Rupert captures Bristol for the Royalists.
Rupert of the Rhine captures Bristol, Englands 2nd port which becomes the HQ for the Prince of Wales
Sets up his HQ in Bristol
Breaks through at Brandon Hill followed by the surrender of Bristol to the Royalists
Rupert of the Rhine defeats Parliamentary forces near Dorchester then moves on the capture Bristol
Rupert of the Rhine captures Cirencester for the Royalists
Captures Leads for the Parliamentarians
Lichfield surrenders to Rupert & the route from York to Oxford is opened for the Queen
Captures the earthworks of Liverpool
Helps capture Newcastle for the Parliamentarians
Captures Newport Pagnell for the Royalists
Captures Reading for the Parliamentarians & prevents Charles I from reaching London
Surrenders Reading to the Parliamentarians under Essex
Capures Tewkesbury for Parliament
Captures the fotress of Thionville to secure Lorraine & the Rhine valley
Captures Upton Bridge to maintain his communications with Oxford across the Severn
Captures Wakefield for the Parliamentarians
Helps command the Parliamentary foot as Thomas Fairfax captures Wakefield
Helps command the Parliamentary foot as Thomas Fairfax captures Wakefield
Senior Royalist Commander at Wakefield when it is capturd by Thomas Fairfax
Comes to the aid of the Royalist garrison but it is captured by Thomas Fairfax
Senior Royalist Commander at Wakefield when it is capturd by Thomas Fairfax
Captures Wrexham, Royalists are intercepted returning from Ireland after the truce
Helps capture York for the Parliamentarians
Appointed Commander of the Weimar Army
Appointed Commander of the Weimar Army
Granted sole & absolute power by the Paris Parliament
Created the Duke of Hamilton for neutralizing the Covenanters
The Covenanter Army gathers at Leith Links
The Covenanters capture Berwick
The price of the alliance is a National Covenant & Solemn League signed by Pym
Fairfax helps prevent Hull from falling during the Royalist siege, preserving an important Parliamentarian base in Yorkshire.
Manchester leads the Eastern Association army as Parliament builds power in East Anglia.
Refuses to take the Solomn League & Covenant so is forced to flee into England
The House of Commons expels Hotham and sends him to the Tower while his conduct at Hull is investigated.
Erle begins an unsuccessful Parliamentarian siege of Corfe Castle.
Receives news from Parliament that he has been appointed Governor of the Isle of Ely
Appointed Governor of Hull
The Weimar Commander Rantzau is defeated & captured by the Imperial army
The Weimar Commander Rantzau is defeated & captured by the Imperial army
Leads a Spanish army from The Netherlands towards Paris through then Arennes
Appointed Lord General of the Covenanter Army
Appointed Lord General of the Covenanter Army
Becomes king as a child after the death of Louis XIII.
Vane serves among Parliament's commissioners in Scotland seeking military cooperation against the Royalists.
Parliament issues instructions for the impressment of 22,000 in London & the east
The Convention orders the raising of the "Levied Regiment" & 3 troops of horse
The Convention gives a 48 hr notice to defend "the true protestant religion"
The price of the alliance is a National Covenant & Solemn League signed by Pym
Created the Duke of Hamilton for neutralizing the Covenanters
Parliament issues instructions for the impressment of 22,000 in London & the east
Agrees a truce with the Confederate Irish on behalf of the King
Rejects proposals drawn up by the Lords & Parliament after the Battle of Edgehill
The King's reply to the peace petition is read dismisivly in the Guildhall
Holles supports efforts to negotiate with the King at Oxford as a leading figure among Parliament's peace-minded members.
Created the Duke of Hamilton for neutralizing the Covenanters
Hampden joins the hurried Parliamentarian pursuit of Prince Rupert's raiding column before the fighting at Chalgrove.
Signs a truce with the Irish rebels to free his troops for service in England
Hotham helps recover Scarborough for Parliament after Sir Hugh Cholmley changes allegiance to the Royalists.
Appointed Member of Regency Council
Directs policy during Louis XIV's minority.
Appointed Member of Regency Council on behalf of Louis XIV until his majority
Governs for the young Louis XIV with Mazarin.
Massey holds Gloucester until the approach of Essex's relief army forces the Royalists to abandon the siege.
The Covenanters capture Berwick
Defeated by Cromwell, Fairfax & Manchester, fails to relieve Bolingbroke Castle
Despite the attenrions of Batten the Queen lands at Bridlington Quay
Nathaniel Fiennes surrenders Bristol to Rupert of the Rhine
Rupert of the Rhine fails in his attempt to capture Bristol
Rupert begins the Royalist assault on Bristol.
Nathaniel Fiennes surrenders Bristol to Rupert of the Rhine
Rupert of the Rhine captures Bristol, Englands 2nd port which becomes the HQ for the Prince of Wales. Joins forces with Ralph Hopton to capture Bristol
Leads a successful siege in Northamptonshire against the Countess of Essex
Rupert of the Rhine captures Cirencester for the Royalists
Fails to capture Gloucester
Massey directs Gloucester's defence after the Royalist army begins its major siege of the Parliamentarian city.
Marches from Banbury to relieve Lichfield, and having failed there proceeds to Stafford, which he occupies
Lichfield surrenders to Rupert & the route from York to Oxford is opened for the Queen
Rupert gathers an army of 14,000 and is ready to march on York. Captures the earthworks of Liverpool
Fails in an attempt to capture Newark from the Royalists
Leads a Derbyshire contingent in a failed Roundhead attempt to capture Newark
Prevents Parliament from capturing Newark
The Royalist hold on London is lost. Evacuates Newport Pagnell in the false belief that supplies are not coming from Oxford
Devereux defeats a Royalist force at Newburn & is able to move on to Reading
Lays siege to Rocroi
Rupert of the Rhine attacks Essexs Army
Withdraws the Royalists from Wakefield & Pontefract & gathers them at York
Left to hold York by Newcastle
Rupert gathers an army of 14,000 & is ready to march on York
The price of the alliance is a National Covenant & Solemn League signed by Pym
Vane helps negotiate the Anglo-Scottish agreement that develops into the Solemn League and Covenant.
Pym helps secure the parliamentary alliance with Scotland that brings the Solemn League and Covenant into English war policy.
Refuses to take the Solomn League & Covenant so is forced to flee into England
Parliament places Waller over an association of southern counties and authorises forces to serve under his command.
Waller defeats the Royalist garrison at Alton and takes numerous prisoners during the winter campaign in Hampshire.
Succeeds as King of France
Fiennes surrenders Bristol after the Royalist assault.
The price of the alliance is a National Covenant & Solemn League signed by Pym
Hampden is mortally wounded in the shoulder during the Parliamentarian cavalry defeat at Chalgrove.
Birth of Ahmed II
Birth of Bahadur Shah I, second son of the emperor Aurangzeb through the daughter of Raja Raju
Pym dies at Derby House in Westminster after serving as one of Parliament's most influential wartime political leaders.
Hampden dies at Thame from wounds received six days earlier during the Battle of Chalgrove.
Cavendish is killed after Royalist cavalry are routed near Gainsborough.
Death of John Pym
The only man in politics who has some control over the Scots. Death of John Pym. Allows the rise of the Independent Party
Dies after a 33 year dominated by his mother Marie deMedici & Cardinal Richelieu
Death of Spencer Compton, 2nd Earl of Northampton
Death of Spencer Compton, killed at the Battle of Hopton Heath
The Parliamentary forces are driven back to Hull. Defeats a Parliamentary force under Lord Fairfax. After the Battle of Adwalton Moor the royalists occupy the West Riding of Yorkshire
Fairfax fights in the Parliamentarian defeat at Adwalton Moor and withdraws as Royalist power expands across Yorkshire.
The Parliamentary forces are driven back to Hull. Defeated by the Royalists near Bradford. After the Battle of Adwalton Moor the royalists occupy the West Riding of Yorkshire
Fights Ballard in an attempt to prevent the Roundheads from capturing Newark
Helps defend Birmingham during Prince Rupert’s Royalist attack.
Attacks Birmingham after the town supplies Parliamentarian forces.
Rupert leads Royalist forces in an attack on Parliamentarian Birmingham.
Defeated & killed by Royalists
Rupert of the Rhine defeats Parliamentary forces near Dorchester then moves on the capture Bristol
Rupert of the Rhine defeats Parliamentary forces near Dorchester then moves on the capture Bristol
Wins a victory over Royalist forces
Cromwell helps relieve Gainsborough and drives Royalist cavalry from the field.
1st victory for Cromwell & the Eastern association
Cromwell defeats a larger Royalist cavalry force near Grantham and strengthens Parliament's position in Lincolnshire.
Defeated by Waller when defending South Wales for Charles I
Routs the Royalist force of Lord Herbert
Defeated by a Royalist force under the Earl of Northampton & General Henry Hastings
Forced to retreat to Stone then back to Cheshire
Leads a charge against the Roundheads after Northampton is killed
Joins forces with General Hastings prior to the Battle of Hopton Heath
Defeats the Roundheads under John Gell & William Brereton but killed in battle. Accompanied by three of his sons, marches out with his troops Compton engages Sir John Gell, 1st Baronet and Sir William Brereton at Hopton Heath
Forced to retreat to Chartley & then to Uttoxeter
Defeated by a Royalist force under the Earl of Northampton & General Henry Hastings
Joins forces with the Earl of Northampton prior to the Battle of Hopton Heath
Helps defeat the Roundheads under John Gell & William Brereton
Defeated by the Royalists under Hopton
Rupert of the Rhine fights at the Battle of Lichfield
Devereux defeats a Royalist force at Newburn & is able to move on to Reading. Defeats a Royalist force & is able to move on to Reading
Rupert of the Rhine is defeated by Parliament
Fights for the defeated Royalists
Driven back by Prince Maurice to Tewkesbury
Drives Waller & Massey back to Tewkebury
Driven back by Prince Maurice to Tewkesbury
Leads a French army of 23,000 to victory over a Spanish army of 20,000. 1st French victory in decades
Defeats the Spanish army which is invading France & heading for Paris
The Spanish army is virtually destroyed
Defeat by France gives France hegemony in Europe in place of Spain
Victory over Spain gives France hegemony in Europe in place of Spain
Defeated by the Royalists under Lord Wilmot. Defeat by the Royalists under the Earl of Rochester
Fairfax suffers a severe defeat while withdrawing Parliamentarian infantry toward Leeds.
Rupert of the Rhine attacks Essexs Army
The Weimar Commander Rantzau is defeated & captured by the Imperial army
The Weimar Commander Rantzau is defeated & captured by the Imperial army
Cromwell helps lead Parliamentarian cavalry in the victory at Winceby, strengthening Parliament's control of Lincolnshire.
Cromwell's cavalry helps defeat Royalist horse at Winceby during the struggle for Lincolnshire.
Combines with Cromwell & Manchester to check the Governor of Newark
Fairfax fights with Parliament's forces at Winceby, where the Royalist field army in Lincolnshire is defeated.
Defeated by Cromwell, Fairfax & Manchester, fails to relieve Bolingbroke Castle
Defeats the Royalists under Sir John Henderson near Newark. Cromwell's cavalry proves very effective
Manchester commands Eastern Association forces during the Parliamentarian victory at Winceby.
Brereton defeats Sir Thomas Aston's Royalist force at Middlewich and strengthens Parliament's position in Cheshire.
Charles fights Essex's army at the inconclusive First Battle of Newbury.
Charles fights Essex's army at the inconclusive First Battle of Newbury.
Provenance
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