1657, February 23rd ยท England ยท London ยท Government ยท Government of England ยท Christopher Packe
Restoration
Introduces the "Humble Petition & Advice" to Parliament. Addresses Parliament & calls for the return of the monarch, the House of Lords
March 16573 historical events
1657, March 31st ยท England ยท Westminster ยท House ยท House of Stewart ยท Thomas Widdrington
Interregnum
Widdrington presented the Humble Petition and Advice offering Cromwell a revised constitution.
1657, March ยท England ยท Government ยท Government of England ยท Oliver Cromwell
Constitution of England
Cromwell is offered the crown by Parliament as part of a revised constitutional settlement, presenting him with a dilemma, since he had been "instrumental" in abolishing the monarchy, Cromwell agonises for six weeks over the offer
1657, March ยท England ยท Government ยท Government of England ยท Oliver Cromwell
Parliament
Cromwell is offered the crown by Parliament as part of a revised constitutional settlement, presenting him with a dilemma, since he had been "instrumental" in abolishing the monarchy, Cromwell agonises for six weeks over the offer
April 16576 historical events
1657, April 9th ยท England ยท House ยท House of Belasyse ยท Thomas Belasyse Fauconberg, 2nd
Peerage
Belasyse is created Earl Fauconberg, 1st
1657, April 13th ยท England ยท Government ยท Government of England ยท Oliver Cromwell
Constitution of England
Makes clear that Gods providence had spoken against his office of king, "I would not seek to set up that which Providence hath destroyed and laid in the dust, and I would not build Jericho again"
1657, April ยท England ยท Flanders ยท Warfare ยท Military ยท John Reynolds
English Brigade Lands for Flanders Campaign
Reynolds leads an English contingent sent to reinforce French operations against Spanish positions in Flanders.
1657, April ยท England ยท Flanders ยท Warfare ยท Military ยท John Reynolds
Invasion of Flanders
Sent to Flanders with an Army of about 6,000
1657, April ยท England ยท Flanders ยท Warfare ยท Military ยท Thomas Morgan
Invasion of Flanders
Sent to Flanders as the 2nd in Command of an Army of about 6,000
1657, April ยท England ยท Flanders ยท Warfare ยท Military ยท Thomas Morgan
Second-in-Command Joins English Flanders Force
Morgan serves as second-in-command of the English force committed to the campaign in Flanders.
May 16577 historical events
1657, May 8th ยท England ยท Government ยท Government of England ยท Oliver Cromwell
Humble Petition
Cromwell rejects the Humble Petition
1657, May 8th ยท England ยท Government ยท Government of England ยท Oliver Cromwell
Kingship
Cromwell rejects the offer of the Kingship
1657, May 8th ยท England ยท Government ยท Government of England ยท Oliver Cromwell
Succession
Cromwell rejects the offer of the Kingship
1657, May 8th ยท England ยท London ยท Government ยท Government of England ยท Oliver Cromwell
Succession
Announces he will not accept the title of King
1657, May 8th ยท England ยท Whitehall ยท House ยท House of Stewart ยท Oliver Cromwell
Interregnum
Cromwell formally refused the crown offered under the Humble Petition and Advice.
1657, May 25th ยท England ยท London ยท Government ยท Government of England ยท Oliver Cromwell
Investiture
Agrees to Parliaments proposal that he should be invested as Lord Protector
1657, May 26th ยท England ยท Dunkirk ยท Government ยท Government of England ยท Oliver Cromwell
Constitution of England
Cromwell is installed as Lord Protector under a new constitution
June 16575 historical events
1657, June 1st ยท Denmark ยท Copenhagen ยท Warfare ยท Dano-Swedish War ยท Frederick III
War with Sweden
Declares war on Sweden during the Northern Wars.
1657, June 26th ยท England ยท London ยท Government ยท Government of England ยท Oliver Cromwell
Investiture
Invested as Lord Protector in Westminster Hall, where Charles I was tried 8 yrs prior
1657, June 26th ยท England ยท Government ยท Government of England ยท Oliver Cromwell
Lord Protector
Cromwell is ceremonially re-installed as Lord Protector (with greater powers than had previously been granted him under this title) at Westminster Hall, sitting upon King Edward's Chair which was specially moved from Westminster Abbey
1657, June 26th ยท England ยท London ยท Government ยท Government of England ยท Oliver Fleming
Investiture
Master of Ceremonies at the Investiture of Oliver Cromwell as the Lord Protector
1657, June 26th ยท England ยท Westminster Hall ยท House ยท House of Stewart ยท Oliver Cromwell
Interregnum
Cromwell underwent a second inauguration with ceremonial features resembling monarchy.
July 16573 historical events
1657, July ยท England ยท London ยท Government ยท Government of England ยท John Lambert
Dismissal
Dismissed after protesting about the offer of the Crown to Cromwell
1657, July ยท Sweden ยท Copenhagen ยท Warfare ยท Northern War, 1st ยท Carl Gustaf Wrangel
Siege of Copenhagen
The Swedish under Wrangel are held at Copenhagen
1657, July ยท Sweden ยท Bremen ยท Warfare ยท Northern War, 1st ยท Charles X Gustavus
Siege of Bremen
Crosses the frontier of Holstein & expels the Danish from Bremen
August 16572 historical events
1657, August 17th ยท England ยท House ยท House of Somerset ยท Henry Somerset Beaufort, 1st
Marriage
Marries Mary Capell, daughter of Arthur Capell, 1st Lord Capell
1657, August 17th ยท England ยท Plymouth ยท Warfare ยท Military ยท Robert Blake
Death of Robert Blake
Death of Robert Blake, while was entering Plymouth Harbour
September 16571 historical events
1657, September ยท India ยท Agra ยท Science ยท Medicine ยท Shah Jahan
Serious Illness
Shah Jahan becomes seriously ill, triggering uncertainty over the Mughal succession and rivalry among his sons.
October 16573 historical events
1657, October 24th ยท Sweden ยท Frederiksodde ยท Warfare ยท Northern War, 1st ยท Carl Gustaf Wrangel
Result of Surrender of Danish Forces at Frederiksodde
Frederiksodde falls to Swedish forces, removing a major Danish strongpoint.
1657, October 24th ยท Sweden ยท Frederiksodde ยท Warfare ยท Northern War, 1st ยท Carl Gustaf Wrangel
Siege of Frederiksodde
Leads the siege of Frederiksodde & forces the Danish surrender under Marshal Bilde
1657, October 24th ยท Sweden ยท Frederiksodde ยท Warfare ยท Northern War, 1st ยท Carl Gustaf Wrangel
Surrender of Danish Forces at Frederiksodde
Leads the siege of Frederiksodde & forces the Danish surrender under Marshal Bilde
1657 ยท England ยท Edinburgh ยท Government ยท Commonwealth of England ยท George Monck Albemarle, 1st
Scottish Council
Works with the Scottish council to preserve order and taxation under the Protectorate.
1657 ยท England ยท Government ยท Government of England ยท Richard Cromwell
Lord Chancellor
Appointed Chancellor of Oxford University
1657 ยท England ยท Government ยท Government of England ยท Richard Cromwell
Oxford University
Appointed Chancellor of Oxford University
1657 ยท England ยท Government ยท Government of England ยท Oliver Cromwell
Alliance Agreement with France
Signs a Treaty of alliance with France
1657 ยท England ยท Government ยท Government of England ยท Oliver Cromwell
Alliance Oliver Cromwell and France
Signs a Treaty of alliance with France
1657 ยท England ยท Flanders ยท Government ยท Government of England ยท Oliver Cromwell
Anglo-French Flanders Alliance Implemented
Cromwell commits English troops and naval support to joint operations against Spain in Flanders.
1657 ยท England ยท Dunkirk ยท Government ยท Government of England ยท Oliver Cromwell
Capture of Dunkirk
It is agreed France will capture Gravelines & England will capture Dunkirk & Mardyck
1657 ยท England ยท Gravelines ยท Government ยท Government of England ยท Oliver Cromwell
Capture of Gravelines
It is agreed France will capture Gravelines & England will capture Dunkirk & Mardyck
1657 ยท England ยท Mardyck ยท Government ยท Government of England ยท Oliver Cromwell
Capture of Mardyck
It is agreed France will capture Gravelines & England will capture Dunkirk & Mardyck
1657 ยท England ยท Flanders ยท Government ยท Government of England ยท Oliver Cromwell
England will provide a fleet & 6,000 men & France 20,000 men
England will provide a fleet & 6,000 men & France 20,000 men against Spain in Flanders
1657 ยท England ยท House ยท House of Beaufort ยท Henry Beaufort Somerset, 1st
Marriage
Marries Mary Capell, daughter of Arthur Capell, 1st Lord Capell
1657 ยท England ยท House ยท House of Belasyse ยท Thomas Belasyse Fauconberg, 2nd
Marriage
Belasyse marries Mary Cromwell, a younger daughter of Oliver Cromwell
1657 ยท England ยท House ยท House of Bennet ยท Henry Bennett Arlington, 1st
Knighthood
Bennett recieves a knighthood
1657 ยท England ยท London ยท Humanities ยท Philosophy ยท Thomas Hobbes
Stigmai Against John Wallis
Hobbes publishes Stigmai, attacking the mathematical and philosophical criticisms of John Wallis.
1657 ยท England ยท Jamaica ยท Warfare ยท England War ยท Robert Blake
Capture of Jamaica
Defeats the Spanish after the British capture of Jamaica
1657 ยท England ยท Santa Cruz ยท Warfare ยท England War ยท Robert Blake
Siege of Santa Cruz
Destroys the Spanish West Indian Fleet in Santa Cruz
1657 ยท France ยท Flanders ยท Government ยท Government of France ยท Louis XIV Sun King
England will provide a fleet and 6,000 men and France 20,000 for
England will provide a fleet and 6,000 men and France 20,000 for war against Spain
1657 ยท France ยท Flanders ยท Government ยท Government of France ยท Louis XIV Sun King
French Forces Combined with English in Flanders
Louis XIV's government coordinates French forces with English troops for campaigning against Spain in Flanders.
1657 ยท France ยท Paris ยท Government ยท Government of France ยท Louis XIV Sun King
It is agreed France will capture Gravelines and England will capture Dunkirk
It is agreed France will capture Gravelines and England will capture Dunkirk and Mardyck
1657 ยท Germany ยท Berlin ยท House ยท House of Hohenzollern ยท Frederick William
Rule of Prussia
Gains the suzerainty of the Duchy of Prussia
1657 ยท Germany ยท House ยท House of Hohenzollern ยท Frederick I
Birth of Frederick I
Birth of Frederick I, son of Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg