Historical events in 1685

71 historical records

February 16856 historical events

1685, February 5th ยท England ยท Hague ยท House ยท House of Stewart ยท James Scott Monmouth, 1st

Death of James Scott

Present at the death of Charles II

1685, February 6th ยท England ยท London ยท House ยท House of Stewart ยท Charles II

Death of Charles II

Death of Charles II

1685, February 6th ยท England ยท London ยท House ยท House of Stewart ยท James II

Succession

Succeeds as King of England & Ireland, 2nd son of Charles I

1685, February 6th ยท England ยท House ยท House of Stewart ยท Anne

Death of Anne

Death of Charles II, Annes father succeeds him as King, she is 2nd to the throne

1685, February 6th ยท England ยท House ยท House of Stewart ยท Anne

Succession

Death of Charles II, Annes father succeeds him as King, she is 2nd to the throne

1685, February ยท England ยท Paris ยท Government ยท Government of England ยท John Churchill Marlborough, 1st

Embassy to France

Serves as ambassador extraordinary in Paris between February and April during the opening months of James II's reign.

March 16852 historical events

1685, March 1st ยท France ยท Versailles ยท Government ยท Government of France ยท Louis XIV Sun King

Code Noir

Issues the Code Noir for French colonies.

1685, March 12th ยท Ireland ยท Kilkenny ยท Religion ยท Roman Catholic Church ยท George Berkley

Birth of George Berkley

Birth of George Berkley

April 16852 historical events

1685, April 14th ยท England ยท Religion ยท Church of England ยท James II

Reform of Parliament

Fails to persuade Parliament to repeal the 1673 Test Act

1685, April 23rd ยท England ยท Westminster Abbey ยท House ยท House of Stewart ยท James II

Coronation

Crowned alongside Mary of Modena, using Anglican rights in Westminster Abbey

May 16851 historical events

1685, May 14th ยท England ยท London ยท Warfare ยท Military ยท John Churchill Marlborough, 1st

Baron Churchill of Sandridge

Created Baron Churchill of Sandridge in the English peerage.

June 168511 historical events

1685, June 13th ยท England ยท Lyme Regis ยท House ยท House of Stewart ยท James Scott Monmouth, 1st

Reballion of Rebels in Lyme Regis

The King sends Lord Churchill to control the rebels

1685, June 15th ยท England ยท Axminster ยท Warfare ยท Military ยท James Scott Monmouth, 1st

Capture of Axminster

Monmouths forces capture Axminster

1685, June 18th ยท England ยท Taunton ยท Warfare ยท Military ยท James Scott Monmouth, 1st

Capture of Taunton

Monmouth reaches Taunton to an enthusiastic welcome

1685, June 20th ยท England ยท Taunton ยท House ยท House of Stewart ยท James Scott Monmouth, 1st

Coronation

Declares himself King and is crowned in Chard and is the subject of more coronations in Taunton 20 June 1685 and Bridgewater

1685, June 20th ยท England ยท Taunton ยท House ยท House of Stewart ยท James Scott Monmouth, 1st

Succession

Declares himself King and is crowned in Chard and is the subject of more coronations in Taunton 20 June 1685 and Bridgewater

1685, June 21st ยท England ยท Bridgewater ยท Warfare ยท Military ยท James Scott Monmouth, 1st

Capture of Bridgewater

Leaves Taunton & begins the march on Bridgewater at the head of 8,000 men

1685, June 21st ยท England ยท Taunton ยท Warfare ยท Military ยท James Scott Monmouth, 1st

Capture of Taunton

Monmouth is proclaimed King in Taunton

1685, June 21st ยท England ยท Bristol ยท Warfare ยท Military ยท James Scott Monmouth, 1st

Siege of Bristol

Monmouths advance on Bristol by way of Bridgewater & Keynsham is resumed

1685, June 21st ยท England ยท Bristol ยท Warfare ยท Monmouth Rebellion ยท James Scott Monmouth, 1st

Advance on Bristol

Monmouth threatens Bristol while advancing through the west.

1685, June 26th ยท England ยท Keynsham ยท Warfare ยท Military ยท James Scott Monmouth, 1st

Battle of Keynsham

After Keynsham & false news that the entire Royal Army is at hand Monmouth retreats

1685, June ยท England ยท Texel ยท House ยท House of Stewart ยท James Scott Monmouth, 1st

Invasion of England

Sets sail on the Helderenburgh & 2 ships from Texel for the south coast of England

July 16857 historical events

1685, July 3rd ยท England ยท England ยท Warfare ยท Military ยท John Churchill Marlborough, 1st

Major General

Promoted major-general three days before the Battle of Sedgemoor.

1685, July 3rd ยท England ยท Bridgewater ยท Warfare ยท Military ยท James Scott Monmouth, 1st

Capture of Bridgewater

Monmouths forces reach Bridgewater. Learns that the Royalists under the Earl of Faversham are only 3 miles away

1685, July 6th ยท England ยท Sedgemoor ยท Warfare ยท Military ยท John Churchill Marlborough, 1st

Battle of Sedgemoor

Serves as second-in-command under the Earl of Feversham as the royal army defeats Monmouth at Sedgemoor.

1685, July 6th ยท England ยท Sedgemoor ยท Warfare ยท Military ยท James Scott Monmouth, 1st

Battle of Sedgemoor

The second to last Battle fought on English soil, Monmouths makeshift force could not compete with the regular army, and was soundly defeated. Monmouth himself was captured and arrested in Dorset, Parliament later passes the Act of Attainder. Monmouth is defeated & later beheaded. Attacks a Royal army under the Earl of Faversham

1685, July 15th ยท England ยท Tower of London ยท House ยท House of Stewart ยท Jack Ketch

Execution

Despite begging for mercy, Monmouth is executed by Jack Ketch on Tower Hill. It is said that it took multiple blows of the axe to sever his head

1685, July 15th ยท England ยท Tower of London ยท House ยท House of Stewart ยท James Scott Monmouth, 1st

Death of James Scott

Executed on Tower Hill

1685, July 15th ยท England ยท Tower of London ยท House ยท House of Stewart ยท James Scott Monmouth, 1st

Execution

Despite begging for mercy, Monmouth is executed by Jack Ketch on Tower Hill. It is said that it took multiple blows of the axe to sever his head

October 168511 historical events

1685, October 18th ยท France ยท Fontainebleau ยท Religion ยท Roman Catholic Church ยท Louis XIV Sun King

Edict of Fontainebleau

Louis XIV, the grandson of Henry IV, renounces the Edict of Nantes and declares Protestantism illegal with the Edict of Fontainebleau

1685, October 18th ยท France ยท Fontainebleau ยท Religion ยท Roman Catholic Church ยท Louis XIV Sun King

Edict of Fontainebleau

Revokes the Edict of Nantes and outlaws Protestant worship.

1685, October 18th ยท France ยท Nantes ยท Religion ยท Roman Catholic Church ยท Louis XIV Sun King

Edict of Nantes

Revokes the edict in an effort to force all his subjects to practice Catholicism. Louis XIV, the grandson of Henry IV, renounces the Edict of Nantes and declares Protestantism illegal with the Edict of Fontainebleau

1685, October 22nd ยท France ยท Fontainebleau ยท Religion ยท Roman Catholic Church ยท Louis XIV Sun King

Edict of Fontainebleau

Louis XIV claims that out of a Huguenot population of 800,000 to 900,000, only 1,000 to 1,500 had remained in France

1685, October 22nd ยท France ยท Fontainebleau ยท Religion ยท Roman Catholic Church ยท Louis XIV Sun King

Edict of Fontainebleau

Louis XIV orders the destruction of Huguenot churches, as well as the closing of Protestant schools

1685, October 22nd ยท France ยท Fontainebleau ยท Religion ยท Roman Catholic Church ยท Louis XIV Sun King

Edict of Fontainebleau

Makes official persecution enforced since the dragonnades created in 1681 by the King in order to intimidate Huguenots into converting to Catholicism

1685, October 22nd ยท France ยท Fontainebleau ยท Religion ยท Roman Catholic Church ยท Louis XIV Sun King

Edict of Fontainebleau

The Edict of Fontainebleau is issued by Louis XIV, also known as the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes

1685, October 22nd ยท France ยท Fontainebleau ยท Religion ยท Roman Catholic Church ยท Louis XIV Sun King

Revocation of the Edict of Nantes

The Edict of Fontainebleau is issued by Louis XIV, also known as the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes

1685, October 29th ยท France ยท Potsdam ยท Religion ยท Roman Catholic Church ยท Louis XIV Sun King

Edict of Potsdam

Upon the revocation of the edict of Nantes, Frederick Wilhelm issues the Edict of Potsdam, which encourages Protestants to come to Brandenburg

1685, October 29th ยท Germany ยท Potsdam ยท Religion ยท Roman Catholic Church ยท Frederick William

Edict of Potsdam

The Edict of Potsdam gives French Huguenots tax-free status for ten years and allows them to hold French-language church services. Issued as a response to the revocation of the Edict of Nantes by the Edict of Fontainebleau, the Edict of Potsdam gives French Huguenots safe passage to Brandenburg-Prussia

1685, October 29th ยท Germany ยท Potsdam ยท Religion ยท Roman Catholic Church ยท Frederick William

Huguenots

The Edict of Potsdam gives French Huguenots tax-free status for ten years and allows them to hold French-language church services. Issued as a response to the revocation of the Edict of Nantes by the Edict of Fontainebleau, the Edict of Potsdam gives French Huguenots safe passage to Brandenburg-Prussia

December 16851 historical events

1685, December 11th ยท England ยท Science ยท Mathematics ยท John Pell

Death of John Pell

Death of John Pell

1685 ยท Germany ยท Nantes ยท House ยท House of Hohenzollern ยท Frederick William

Exile of Frederick William

Offers refuge to French Huguenots after Louis XIV revoked the Edict of Nantes

1685 ยท Austria ยท House ยท House of Habsburg ยท Charles VI

Birth of Charles VI

Birth of Charles VI, son of Leopold I

1685 ยท England ยท Government ยท Government of England ยท John Trevor

Speaker of House of Commons

Appointed Speaker of the House of Commons

1685 ยท England ยท Dorset ยท Government ยท Government of England ยท John Churchill Marlborough, 1st

Deputy Lieutenant of Dorset

Serves as a deputy lieutenant of Dorset, linking his court standing with county administration.

1685 ยท England ยท London ยท Government ยท Government of England ยท John Churchill Marlborough, 1st

Gentleman of the Bedchamber

Is appointed a gentleman of the bedchamber to James II after the king's accession.

1685 ยท England ยท London ยท Government ยท Government of England ยท John Churchill Marlborough, 1st

Hudson's Bay Company Governor

Serves as governor of the Hudson's Bay Company during a period of expanding English commercial interests.

1685 ยท England ยท St Albans ยท Government ยท Government of England ยท John Churchill Marlborough, 1st

High Steward of St Albans

Begins his long tenure as high steward of St Albans, an office he retains for the rest of his life.

1685 ยท England ยท Government ยท Government of England ยท Robert Bruce Elgin, 2nd

Lord Chamberlain

Appointed Lord Chamberlain

1685 ยท England ยท Government ยท Government of England ยท James II

Loyal Parliament

When James inherited the English throne in 1685, he had much support in the Loyal Parliament, which was composed mostly of Tories

1685 ยท England ยท The Hague ยท Government ยท Government of England ยท William III of Orange

Advice to James II

William III of Orange urges James II to pursue a more moderate course as religious policy increasingly alienates English political opinion.

1685 ยท England ยท House ยท House of Bennet ยท Henry Bennett Arlington, 1st

Death of Henry Bennett

Death of Henry Bennet

1685 ยท England ยท London ยท House ยท House of Stewart ยท Anne

Birth of Mary

Birth of Mary, daughter of Anne

1685 ยท England ยท Religion ยท Church of England ยท Titus Oates

Arrest of Titus Oates

Oates is convicted of perjury, severely flogged, and imprisoned

1685 ยท England ยท Religion ยท Church of England ยท Titus Oates

Popish Plot

Oates is convicted of perjury, severely flogged, and imprisoned

1685 ยท England ยท Religion ยท Church of England ยท Titus Oates

Trial

Oates is convicted of perjury, severely flogged, and imprisoned

1685 ยท England ยท London ยท Warfare ยท Military ยท Nathaniel Wade

Commander of Monmouth Red

Appointedmander of the Duke of Monmouths Red forces

1685 ยท England ยท Lyme Regis ยท Warfare ยท Military ยท James Scott Monmouth, 1st

Exile of James Scott

On his fathers death in 1685 Monmouth led the "Monmouth Rebellion", landing with three ships at Lyme Regis in Dorset in an attempt to take the throne from his uncle

1685 ยท England ยท Lyme Regis ยท Warfare ยท Military ยท James Scott Monmouth, 1st

Invasion of England

On his fathers death in 1685 Monmouth led the "Monmouth Rebellion", landing with three ships at Lyme Regis in Dorset in an attempt to take the throne from his uncle

1685 ยท France ยท Fontainebleau ยท Government ยท Government of France ยท Louis XIV Sun King

Legislation

Louis XIV, the grandson of Henry IV, renounces the Edict of Nantes and declares Protestantism illegal with the Edict of Fontainebleau

1685 ยท France ยท Paris ยท Government ยท Government of France ยท Louis XIV the Sun King

Reform of Slavery

Enacts the reforms of the Code Noir for slaves in the colonies

1685 ยท France ยท Fontainebleau ยท Religion ยท Roman Catholic Church ยท Louis XIV Sun King

Edict of Nantes

Upon the revocation of the edict of Nantes, Frederick Wilhelm issues the Edict of Potsdam, which encourages Protestants to come to Brandenburg. Revokes the religious toleration of the Edict of Nantes

1685 ยท Germany ยท House ยท House of Hohenzollern ยท Frederick William

Alliance Frederick William and Holland

Breaks the alliance with France & concludes a defensive pact with Holland

1685 ยท Great Britain ยท Arts ยท Literature ยท Daniel Defoe

Supports Monmouth Rebellion

Defoe participated in the unsuccessful Monmouth Rebellion, an experience that informed his later political outlook.

1685 ยท Ireland ยท Humanities ยท Philosophy ยท George Berkley

Berkeley Born Near Kilkenny

George Berkeley was born in County Kilkenny into an Anglo Irish family. His Irish upbringing preceded his later work challenging the existence of material substance.

1685 ยท Scotland ยท Government ยท Government of Scotland ยท William Drummond Strathallan, 1st

Lord Treasurer

Appointed Lord of the Treasury

1685 ยท Scotland ยท House ยท House of Stewart ยท James VII

Succession

Succeeds as King of Scotland, King of Scotland & James II of England & Ireland

1685 ยท Scotland ยท Orkneys ยท Warfare ยท Military ยท James VII

Reballion of Rebels in Orkneys

Argyll lands in the Orkneys at the time Monmouth lands in England

1685 ยท Scotland ยท Warfare ยท Military ยท William Drummond Strathallan, 1st

Lieutenant

Appointed Lieutenant General for the forces in Scotland under James VII

1685 ยท Sweden ยท Stockholm ยท House ยท House of Palatinate ยท Charles XI

Birth of Prince Fredrik

Queen Ulrika Eleonora gives birth to Prince Fredrik.

1685 ยท Sweden ยท Stockholm ยท House ยท House of Palatinate ยท Charles XI

Birth of Prince Fredrik

Queen Ulrika Eleonora gives birth to Prince Fredrik.