Surprise of Cremona
Eugene launches a surprise attack inside French-held Cremona.
Historical events in 1702
169 historical records
February 17026 historical events
Capture at Cremona
Villeroy is captured during Eugene's surprise attack on Cremona.
Riding Accident
William III of Orange suffers a serious riding accident near Hampton Court when his horse falls, breaking his collarbone.
Broken Collarbone
William III of Orange breaks his collarbone in the riding accident that precedes his final decline in health.
Italian Command
Vendome replaces the captured Villeroy as commander in northern Italy.
Defence of Cremona
O'Mahony helps rally French and Irish troops against the Imperial attack.
March 170215 historical events
Succession
As a result of his claiming his fathers lost thrones, James is attainted for treason in London and his titles are forfeited under English law
Treason
As a result of his claiming his fathers lost thrones, James is attainted for treason in London and his titles are forfeited under English law
Attainder
The English Parliament attaints James Francis Edward Stewart for treason.
Forfeiture of Titles
James loses his English titles under the parliamentary attainder.
Accession Council
Anne meets her council after succeeding to the throne.
Death of William III
William III of Orange dies at Kensington Palace and is succeeded in England by his sister-in-law, Anne.
Accession
Anne succeeds William III as Queen of England, Scotland, and Ireland.
Coronation
Crowned Queen of England, last Stuart monarch
First Parliamentary Address
Anne addresses Parliament and promises to maintain England's religion and liberties.
Order of the Garter
Invested as a Knight of the Garter early in Queen Anne's reign.
Captain General
Queen Anne appoints Marlborough Captain-General of her land forces.
Captain General
Appointed Captain-General of Queen Anne's forces as the war coalition mobilises.
Accession Proclamation
Anne's accession is publicly proclaimed following William III's death.
Succession to Anne Prepared
As William III of Orange's final illness worsens, the established succession makes Anne the next Protestant monarch of England.
Final Illness
William III of Orange's health deteriorates after the riding accident, with complications contributing to his death at Kensington Palace.
April 17021 historical events
Coronation
Anne is crowned at Westminster Abbey while suffering from gout.
May 170223 historical events
Grand Alliance
Queen Anne declares war on France and continues England's commitment to the Grand Alliance.
War Declaration
Anne declares war against France and Spain under the English calendar.
War Declaration
Queen Anne declares war on France and Spain after England enters the Grand Alliance.
Captain General Appointment
Appoints Marlborough Captain General of English land forces.
Declaration of War
The war widens in Europe as the Grand Alliance declares war on France
Capture of Warsaw
Charles XII captures Warsaw as the Swedish army advances through Poland.
Capture of Warsaw
Charles occupies Warsaw during the Swedish advance through Poland.
Capture of Warsaw
Occupies Warsaw during the advance through Poland.
Capture of Warsaw
Warsaw falls to Charles XII during the Swedish campaign in Poland.
Occupation of Warsaw
Swedish forces occupy Warsaw after Augustus II fails to block Charles XII's advance.
Declaration of War
Declares war on France and Spain with the Grand Alliance.
Grand Alliance War
Faces war with the Grand Alliance.
Lord High Admiral
Prince George becomes Lord High Admiral under Queen Anne.
Captain General Appointment
Anne appoints John Churchill Captain General of her land forces.
Lord Treasurer Appointment
Anne appoints Sidney Godolphin Lord High Treasurer.
Military Command Structure
Anne confirms Marlborough's authority over English land forces serving abroad.
Allied Army Command
Marlborough assumes command of the combined English and Dutch field army.
Arrival in the Netherlands
Marlborough arrives in the Dutch Republic to begin the Allied campaign.
Withdrawal from Warsaw
Augustus abandons Warsaw as the Swedish army approaches.
Capture of Warsaw
Charles XII captures Warsaw
Advance into Poland
Charles advances into Poland to remove Augustus II from the coalition.
Invasion of Poland
Charles XII invades Poland-Lithuania and begins a series of victories over Saxon and Polish forces.
Invasion of Poland
Invades Poland-Lithuania to overthrow Augustus II's influence.
June 17024 historical events
Nijmegen Manoeuvres
Marlborough manoeuvres to prevent French forces threatening Nijmegen.
Siege of Landau
Louis William begins the Imperial siege of the French-held fortress of Landau.
Lake Ladoga Operations
Peter supports small-boat operations intended to challenge Swedish control of Lake Ladoga.
Italian Campaign
Philip travels to Italy to support the Bourbon armies and defend Spanish possessions.
July 170210 historical events
Battle of Kliszow
Defeated by Charles XII of Sweden
Defeat at Kliszow
Augustus suffers a major defeat against Charles XII at Kliszow.
Kliszow Command
Rehnskiold commands Swedish formations during the victory at Kliszow.
Kliszow Service
Stenbock serves in the Swedish army during the battle of Kliszow.
Battle of Kliszow
Charles defeats the larger Saxon-Polish army at Kliszow under the New Style date.
Battle of Kliszow
Defeats Augustus II's Saxon-Polish army.
Capture of Krakow
Charles XII captures Krakow
Polish Cavalry at Kliszow
Lubomirski commands Polish cavalry attached to Augustus II's army.
Battle of Hummelshof
Sheremetev defeats Schlippenbach's Swedish force at Hummelshof.
Defeat at Hummelshof
Schlippenbach suffers a severe defeat against Sheremetev in Livonia.
August 170216 historical events
Battle of Luzzara
Eugene attacks the Franco-Spanish position at Luzzara.
Battle of Luzzara
Vendome commands the Franco-Spanish army in the indecisive battle at Luzzara.
Battle of Luzzara
Vendome fights Eugene of Savoy at Luzzara in a hard-contested battle in northern Italy.
Presence at Luzzara
Philip accompanies the Bourbon army during the battle of Luzzara.
Siege of Venlo
The Allied siege of Venlo begins during Marlborough's opening campaign.
Cadiz Expedition
Leads the unsuccessful expedition against Cadiz.
Cadiz Expedition
Rooke commands the Anglo-Dutch fleet sent against Cadiz.
Cadiz Expedition
Commands land forces during the failed Cadiz expedition.
Cadiz Land Command
Ormonde commands the expedition's land forces during the failed attack on Cadiz.
Capture at Marienburg
Catherine is taken into Russian custody after Marienburg falls.
Capture of Marienburg
Sheremetev's forces capture Marienburg during the Livonian campaign.
Defence of Cadiz
Villadarias organises the Spanish defence that frustrates the Allied expedition.
Defence of Cadiz
Villadarias defends Cadiz against the Anglo-Dutch expedition during the opening campaigns in Spain.
Capture of Krakow
Captures Krakow and strengthens Swedish pressure on Augustus II.
Capture of Krakow
Charles captures Krakow and increases pressure on Augustus II.
Capture of Krakow
Krakow falls during Charles XII's Polish campaign against Augustus II.
September 17029 historical events
Capture of Venlo
Venlo capitulates after the Allied siege during Marlborough's opening campaign.
Withdrawal from Cadiz
Rooke withdraws the Allied expedition after the attempt on Cadiz fails.
Assault at Venlo
Cutts leads troops during the Allied assaults associated with Venlo's capture.
Alliance with France
Maximilian Emanuel joins France and Spain in the succession war.
Capture of Ulm
Maximilian Emanuel seizes Ulm and opens Bavaria to French cooperation.
Capture of Landau
Louis William secures Landau after a prolonged siege.
Siege Engineering at Venlo
Coehoorn applies Dutch siege expertise during the operations against Venlo.
Siege of Noteborg
Peter begins the siege of the Swedish fortress controlling the Neva outlet.
Siege of Venlo
John Dalrymple serves under Marlborough at the Siege of Venlo during the opening campaign in the Low Countries.
October 170233 historical events
Capture of Stevensweert
Stevensweert surrenders to Allied forces during Marlborough's Meuse campaign.
Capture of Roermond
Roermond is taken by the Allies during Marlborough's Meuse campaign.
Capture of Noteborg
Peter captures Noteborg after a thirteen-hour assault under the Russian calendar.
Vigo Bay Squadron
Shovell commands part of the Allied fleet during the attack at Vigo.
Vigo Bay Service
Byng serves with the English fleet during the victory at Vigo.
Breaking the Vigo Boom
Hopsonn's ship Torbay breaks the defensive boom protecting the inner harbour.
Battle of Vigo Bay
Rooke commands the Anglo-Dutch attack that destroys or captures the anchored fleet.
Assault on Vigo Forts
Ormonde's troops assault the shore forts supporting the harbour defences.
Battle of Bay of Vigo
Assists George Rooke of the Allied fleet in destroying the Spanish treasure fleet
Surrender of Liège
Liège surrenders to the Allies during Marlborough's Meuse campaign.
Battle of Friedlingen
Villars defeats the Imperial army near Friedlingen and strengthens French morale on the Rhine.
Battle of Friedlingen
Villars defeats the Imperial army near Friedlingen.
Battle of Vigo Bay
Shovell serves in the Allied naval victory at Vigo Bay.
Battle of Vigo Bay
Rooke commands Allied naval forces in the victory over the Franco-Spanish fleet at Vigo Bay.
Grand Alliance
Rooke commands Allied naval forces in the Grand Alliance victory at Vigo Bay.
Battle of Vigo Bay
Helps force the boom during the Allied attack at Vigo Bay.
Battle of Vigo Bay
Serves in the naval victory at Vigo Bay.
Capture of Liège Citadel
Allied troops capture the citadel of Liège after the city has already surrendered.
Capture of the Chartreuse
The fortified Chartreuse at Liège surrenders, completing the Allied reduction of the position.
Spanish Treasure Fleet Intelligence
Rooke learns that the Spanish treasure fleet has taken shelter in Vigo Bay.
Destruction of French Escort
Chateaurenault loses the French escort fleet during the Allied breakthrough.
Vigo Bay Defence
Chateaurenault positions the French escort behind a defensive boom at Vigo.
Marshalate
Villars is rewarded with promotion to Marshal of France after the victory at Friedlingen.
Marshal of France
Louis XIV promotes Villars to Marshal of France after Friedlingen.
Rhine Crossing
Villars crosses the Rhine to support France's Bavarian ally.
Defeat at Friedlingen
Louis William withdraws after the hard-fought battle of Friedlingen.
Dutch Fleet at Vigo
Almonde commands the Dutch contingent participating in the Vigo Bay victory.
Dutch Attack at Vigo
Scheltinga participates in the Dutch naval attack inside Vigo Bay.
Assault on Noteborg
Golitsyn leads Russian guards during the prolonged assault on the fortress.
Siege of Noteborg
Menshikov accompanies Peter during the difficult siege of Noteborg.
Renaming of Shlisselburg
Peter renames captured Noteborg Shlisselburg, meaning key fortress.
Loss of Treasure Fleet
Velasco's fleet is captured, burnt, or sunk after the harbour defences collapse.
Treasure Fleet at Vigo
Velasco commands the Spanish treasure fleet sheltered inside Vigo Bay.
November 17024 historical events
Departure from the Netherlands
Leaves the Netherlands after the successful Meuse campaign and begins his journey back to England.
House of Lords Thanks
Receives the formal thanks of the House of Lords for the successes of the 1702 campaign.
Queen Announces Dukedom Plan
Queen Anne informs her cabinet that she intends to raise Marlborough to a dukedom and grant him a substantial pension.
Vigo Victory Celebrated
Anne's government celebrates the destruction of the Franco-Spanish fleet at Vigo.
December 17022 historical events
Dukedom of Marlborough
Queen Anne rewards Marlborough's early campaign by making him Duke of Marlborough.
Dukedom of Marlborough
Queen Anne rewards Churchill's campaign by creating him Duke of Marlborough.
Naval Administration
Prince George assumes formal responsibility for English naval administration.
Speaker of House of Commons
Appointed Speaker of the House of Commons
Speaker Continues
Harley remains Speaker of the House of Commons during Anne's first Parliament.
Court Appointment
Sarah Churchill receives influential offices in Queen Anne's royal household.
Lord High Treasurer
Appointed Lord High Treasurer, 2nd term
War Finance
Godolphin organises taxation, borrowing, and subsidies for the expanding war.
Grand Alliance
Godolphin finances England's contribution to the alliance armies and subsidies.
Lord Treasurer
Godolphin becomes Lord Treasurer and manages the finances of Queen Anne's war government.
Captain General
Queen Anne appoints Marlborough Captain General of English land forces.
Constitution of England
Calls up the Scottish Estates to name a successor but dissolves it & calls elections
Election
Calls up the Scottish Estates to name a successor but dissolves it & calls elections
Election
Calls up the Scottish Estates to name a successor but dissolves it & calls elections
Scottish Estates
Calls up the Scottish Estates to name a successor but dissolves it & calls elections
Succession
Succeeds as Queen of Great Britain, the last Stuart monarch. Calls up the Scottish Estates to name a successor but dissolves it & calls elections
Kings Lynn Election
Walpole is elected member for King's Lynn and begins his long association with the borough.
Support for Grand Alliance
Somers supports the Protestant succession and continued participation in the Grand Alliance.
Master-General of Ordnance
Appointed Master-General of the Ordnance under Queen Anne.
Quartermaster Duties
Cadogan assists Marlborough with intelligence, routes, and logistical preparations.
Allied Advance Opens in Flanders
Marlborough advances through the Low Countries and forces French armies to abandon several forward positions.
Dutch Restraint on Battle Plans
Faces Dutch political restrictions that limit his attempts to force the French army into a decisive battle.
Maas Campaign
Conducts the opening Allied campaign along the Meuse.
Defence of the Meuse
Boufflers supports French defensive operations as Marlborough advances through the Meuse fortresses.
Meuse Defence
Boufflers directs French defensive operations along the Meuse fortresses.
Rhine Command
Tallard serves in the Rhine theatre as France tries to protect Alsace and southern Germany.
Flanders Campaign
Villeroy commands French forces in Flanders while Marlborough begins operations in the Low Countries.
Flanders Command
Villeroy commands the principal French army opposing Marlborough in the Low Countries.
French Defensive Line Organised in Flanders
Villeroy organises French forces in Flanders to oppose Marlborough's opening Low Countries campaign.
Chief Minister of Prussia
Wartenberg becomes the dominant minister in Frederick I's Prussian government.
Chief Minister
Appointed Chief Minister of Prussia
Prussian War Administration
Wartenberg helps administer Prussia's troop and subsidy commitments.
Support for France
Joseph Clemens supports the Bourbon alliance and French military access.
Imperial Alliance
Provides troops to support the emperor against France.
Shortest Way with Dissenters Published
Defoe anonymously published The Shortest Way with the Dissenters, satirizing religious intolerance through an extreme fictional proposal.
Election
Walpole is elected to Parliament for King's Lynn, elected every subsequent general election for the next 40 yrs
Member of Parliament
Walpole is elected to Parliament for King's Lynn, elected every subsequent general election for the next 40 yrs
Dutch Field Command
Athlone serves as a senior Dutch commander during the opening campaign.
Dutch Army Command
Obdam commands Dutch troops serving in Marlborough's Allied army.
Support for Marlborough
Heinsius supports Marlborough while preserving Dutch political control over military operations.
Invasion of Livonia
Invades Livonia but is defeated by Charles XII of Sweden
Army Contribution
Frederick authorises Prussian contingents for the war against France.
Prussian Troop Support
Frederick supplies Prussian troops to the Imperial and Allied war effort.
Arrest
Becomes a serf of Prince Menshikov during which she is a mistress of Peter the Great
Christening
Received into the Orthodox Church & re-christened
Entry into Russian Service
Catherine enters the Russian military household after her capture in Livonia.
Army Reconstruction
Peter continues rebuilding the Russian army after the defeat at Narva.
Anti-Augustus Campaign
Focuses on removing Augustus II from the war.