1709
Capture at Poltava
Rehnskiold is captured by Russian forces after the Swedish defeat at Poltava.
Calendar browse by year
Browse historical records dated to 1709. Records are rendered from the World History Database into this page's initial HTML.
Rehnskiold is captured by Russian forces after the Swedish defeat at Poltava.
The army's surrender leaves Sweden without its main field force.
The Swedish defeat at Poltava ends Charles XII's Russian campaign and forces him to flee toward Ottoman territory.
Takes refuge in Ottoman territory after the Poltava disaster.
Charles XII reaches Bendery in Ottoman territory after escaping the Russian pursuit.
Charles XII and Ivan Mazepa escape to Ottoman territory after the Swedish defeat and the surrender at Perevolochna.
Escapes south with Mazepa instead of surrendering.
Charles XII escapes from the disaster at Poltava and begins the retreat that ends in Ottoman territory.
Faces famine and crisis during the severe winter.
The harsh winter deepens France's famine and financial crisis during the war.
Wins a costly victory beside Prince Eugene.
Turns down peace proposals from Spain
Supports harsh Allied terms rejected by France.
The surrender at Perevolochna destroys Charles XII's remaining field army after Poltava.
Bruges returns to Allied control as French troops withdraw after the recovery of Ghent.
Restored to the Polish throne after victory of the alliance at Poltava
Boufflers conducts an orderly French withdrawal after the costly battle at Malplaquet.
The Allied investment of Mons begins after the victory at Malplaquet.
Besieges Poltava before Peter I advances to relieve the fortress.
Charles XII's army besieges Poltava before Peter I advances to relieve the fortress.
Marlborough begins the siege of Tournai during the 1709 campaign.
The treaty names Ypres among barrier towns intended for Dutch garrisons.
The remaining Swedish army surrenders after his escape.
The remaining Swedish army surrenders at Perevolochna after being pursued by Russian cavalry.
Mons capitulates after the Allied siege following Malplaquet.
The town of Tournai surrenders; its citadel continues resistance until 3 September.
The citadel of Tournai surrenders after a prolonged Allied siege.
Allied forces secure Tournai after a prolonged siege, opening another route through Flanders.
Marlborough opens the 1709 campaign by investing Tournai before advancing toward Mons.
The treaty names Ypres among barrier towns intended for Dutch garrisons.
Allied siege trenches are opened at Mons after the Battle of Malplaquet.
Victory confirms Peters rule over Russia & enables his policy of Westernization
Villars is wounded during the Battle of Malplaquet and command passes to Boufflers.
Charles XII is wounded before Poltava and cannot personally command the Swedish army in the battle.
Is wounded in the foot before the decisive battle.
Boufflers supports Villars and helps organise French resistance at Malplaquet.
Serves in the Allied command during the costly battle.
John Campbell, 2nd Duke of Argyll, fights at the Battle of Malplaquet.
Marlborough and Eugene drive the French from Malplaquet in a costly Allied victory.
At the desperate Battle of Malplaquet, Lord Orkneys battalions lead the charge toward the French entrenchments, suffering serious losses
Serves in the Duke of Malboroughs HQ, "the greatest day of my life"
George Hamilton leads infantry in the costly Allied assault against French entrenchments at Malplaquet.
Commands troops during the Allied victory at Malplaquet.
Villars commands the French army at Malplaquet and inflicts heavy losses despite retreating.
Inflicts heavy Allied losses despite French defeat.
Russian victory over Sweden allows Augustus II to return to the Polish throne.
Uses Swedish defeat to prepare his return to the Polish throne.
Commands Russian cavalry before the decisive battle.
Russian cavalry presses the Swedish army during the battle.
Directs Russian artillery as Peter prepares for battle.
Russian artillery fire helps disrupt the Swedish attack.
Begins the siege of Poltava after a costly winter campaign.
Is wounded in the foot and cannot personally command the battle.
Directs the campaign from a litter after being wounded.
His army is defeated by Peter I at Poltava.
His army is defeated by Peter I, marking the decisive reversal of Swedish power.
Escapes south with Mazepa instead of surrendering at Perevolochna.
Commands Swedish cavalry during the attack on the Russian army.
Re-enters the war against Sweden after the Swedish defeat at Poltava.
Serves among Russian commanders in the battle line.
Leads Zaporozhian Cossacks aligned with Charles XII and Mazepa.
His Zaporozhian supporters retreat with Charles and Mazepa after defeat.
Takes part in Swedish planning before the failed attack.
Defends the Poltava garrison against Swedish siege operations.
Commands infantry during the Swedish siege of Poltava.
Survives the battle and leads the retreating remnants.
Leads Swedish infantry through the redoubt line toward the Russian camp.
Surrenders the Swedish army after Charles XII escapes.
Supports Charles XII with Cossack forces during the Poltava campaign.
Loses his chance to secure Cossack autonomy through Swedish victory.
Escapes with Charles XII toward Ottoman territory after Poltava.
Positions cavalry behind the redoubts before the Swedish attack.
Commands cavalry and contributes to the destruction of the Swedish attack.
Helps Peter I defeat Charles XII and pursues the broken Swedish army.
Forces the surrender of the remaining Swedish army at Perevolochna.
Peter arrives near Poltava after suppressing opposition among Cossack supporters of Mazepa.
Peter crosses the Vorskla with the main Russian army before the battle.
Orders construction of redoubts blocking the Swedish line of advance.
Commands the Russian army from a fortified camp near Poltava.
Defeats Charles XII of Sweden and his Cossack allies at Poltava.
Victory at Poltava marks Russia's rise as a leading power in north-eastern Europe.
Orders pursuit of the defeated Swedish army after Poltava.
Is captured after the Swedish defeat and later dies in Russian captivity.
Assumes greater control after Charles XII is disabled by a wound.
Commands the Swedish army during the main battle and is captured.
Takes operational command after Charles XII is wounded before the battle.
Commands Russian infantry in the campaign around Poltava.
Commands Russian infantry as the Swedish assault breaks down.
His isolated troops are overwhelmed after failing to pass the redoubts.
His column becomes separated while attacking the Russian redoubts.
Is captured during the defeat of the Swedish army.
Commands a major part of the Russian army arriving to relieve Poltava.
Leads Russian regular troops in the decisive battle.
Commands Swedish troops during the main assault at Poltava.
Is among senior Swedish officers captured after the battle.
Swedish defeat at Poltava undermines Stanislaw and helps Augustus II recover the Polish throne.
Loses political support after the collapse of Swedish power.
Is captured with other senior Swedish commanders after the battle.
Provenance
These entries are read from the World History Database date API and written into static HTML. Dates, names and descriptions are reviewed and normalised as the database develops.
Browse all years · Browse by month and day · Search the full database