Battle of Agra
Jahandar Shah is defeated in battle at Agra by Farrukhsiyar, his nephew the second son of Azim-ush-shan, with the support of the Saiyid Brothers
Historical events in 1713
238 historical records
January 17135 historical events
Battle of Samugarh
Jahandar Shah is defeated at Samugarh near Agra, the Saiyad brothers, who were the king-makers of that era, place Farukhsiyar on the throne as nominal emperor
Succession
Jahandar Shah is defeated in battle at Agra by Farrukhsiyar, his nephew the second son of Azim-ush-shan, with the support of the Saiyid Brothers
Succession
Jahandar Shah is defeated at Samugarh near Agra, the Saiyad brothers, who were the king-makers of that era, place Farukhsiyar on the throne as nominal emperor
Battle of Agra
Jahandar Shah is defeated in battle at Agra by Farrukhsiyar, his nephew the second son of Azim-ush-shan, with the support of the Saiyid Brothers
February 171312 historical events
Defiance at Bender
Refuses to leave Ottoman territory voluntarily.
Kalabalik at Bender
Ottoman soldiers attack Charles XII in his camp at Bender and take him prisoner.
Kalabalik at Bender
Ottoman soldiers attack Charles XII's camp at Bender and take him into custody.
Kalabalik at Bender
Resists Ottoman attempts to remove him from his camp.
Ottoman Custody
Is placed under Ottoman custody after the fighting at Bender.
Assassination of Jahandar Shah
Professional stranglers murder Jahandar Shah in prison
Assassination of Jahandar Shah
Professional stranglers murder Jahandar Shah in prison
Death of Jahandar Shah
Death of Jahandar Shah, assassinated
Death of Frederick I
Death of Frederick I
Succession
Succeeds as King of Prussia, ascends the throne on his fathers death
Family Reunion in Exile
Is joined at Aix-la-Chapelle by Sarah and William Cadogan during his period of continental exile.
Siege of Tonning
Stenbock's Swedish army is trapped in Tonning after retreating into Holstein-Gottorp territory.
March 17132 historical events
Hanoverian Succession
The Treaty of Utrecht recognises the Hanoverian succession in Great Britain.
Treaty of Utrecht
The Treaty of Utrecht recognises the Hanoverian succession in Great Britain.
April 1713134 historical events
Rule of Milan
Austria gains Milan in the Italian settlement linked to Utrecht.
Rule of Naples
Austria gains Naples under the wider peace settlement.
Rule of Naples
Under the Treaty of Utrecht Naples is assigned to Austria.
Rule of Reggio
Under the Treaty of Utrecht Reggio is assigned to Austria.
Rule of Sardinia
Austria receives Sardinia in the postwar settlement.
Rule of Spanish Netherlands
Austria is positioned to receive the former Spanish Netherlands.
Treaty of Utrecht
Austria gains Milan in the Italian settlement linked to Utrecht.
Treaty of Utrecht
Austria gains Naples under the wider peace settlement.
Treaty of Utrecht
Under the Treaty of Utrecht Naples is assigned to Austria.
Treaty of Utrecht
Under the Treaty of Utrecht Reggio is assigned to Austria.
Treaty of Utrecht
Austria receives Sardinia in the postwar settlement.
Treaty of Utrecht
Austria is positioned to receive the former Spanish Netherlands.
Treaty of Utrecht
Does not accept the Utrecht settlement and continues the war until Rastatt.
Treaty of Utrecht
Naples and Reggio are assigned to Austria in the Utrecht settlement.
Utrecht Settlement
Backs the ministry's peace settlement with France and Spain.
Asiento Contract
Gains the asiento trading privilege in the peace settlement.
Gibraltar Settlement
Secures Spanish cession of Gibraltar to Britain.
Minorca Settlement
Secures Spanish cession of Minorca to Britain.
Atlantic Losses
France loses important North American claims to Great Britain.
Balance of Power
France accepts limits intended to preserve the European balance of power.
Commercial Treaty
France agrees commercial arrangements with Great Britain during the settlement.
French Shore Rights
Retains limited fishing rights on the Newfoundland coast.
Guiana Boundary
France accepts limits on claims near Portuguese Brazil.
Hanoverian Succession
Recognises the Protestant succession in Great Britain.
Jacobite Exile
Agrees not to support James Francis Edward Stewart against Britain.
Loss of Saint Kitts
Cedes French claims on Saint Kitts to Great Britain.
Renunciation of Spain
French princes renounce claims that could unite France and Spain.
Rule of Acadia
Cedes mainland Acadia to Great Britain under the treaty.
Rule of Hudson Bay
Recognises British claims to Hudson Bay territory.
Rule of Newfoundland
Cedes Newfoundland claims while retaining limited French fishing rights.
Treaty of Utrecht
Cedes mainland Acadia to Great Britain under the treaty.
Treaty of Utrecht
Agrees not to support James Francis Edward Stewart against Britain.
Treaty of Utrecht
France accepts limits on claims near Portuguese Brazil.
Treaty of Utrecht
Recognises British claims to Hudson Bay territory.
Treaty of Utrecht
Cedes Newfoundland claims while retaining limited French fishing rights.
Treaty of Utrecht
Retains limited fishing rights on the Newfoundland coast.
Treaty of Utrecht
Cedes French claims on Saint Kitts to Great Britain.
Treaty of Utrecht
Accepts peace while Philip V keeps Spain.
Treaty of Utrecht
Accepts peace with Great Britain while preserving Philip V's Spanish crown.
Treaty of Utrecht
France accepts limits intended to preserve the European balance of power.
Treaty of Utrecht
France agrees commercial arrangements with Great Britain during the settlement.
Treaty of Utrecht
France loses important North American claims to Great Britain.
Treaty of Utrecht
France reaches peace terms at Utrecht while Philip V keeps the Spanish crown.
Treaty of Utrecht
French princes renounce claims that could unite France and Spain.
Treaty of Utrecht
Philip V renounces his claim to the French throne and France renounces union with Spain.
Treaty of Utrecht
Recognises the Protestant succession in Great Britain.
Treaty Negotiations
Conducts French diplomacy during the Utrecht peace settlement.
Treaty of Utrecht
Conducts French diplomacy during the Utrecht peace settlement.
Royal Title Recognised
Prussia receives recognition of its royal title in the Utrecht settlement.
Royal Title Recognised
Prussia's royal title is recognised in the Utrecht settlement.
Rule of Neuchatel
Prussian claims to Neuchatel receive international recognition.
Rule of Upper Guelders
Prussia receives part of Upper Guelders after the peace settlement.
Treaty of Utrecht
Prussian claims to Neuchatel receive international recognition.
Treaty of Utrecht
Prussia receives part of Upper Guelders after the peace settlement.
Treaty of Utrecht
Prussia receives recognition of its royal title in the Utrecht settlement.
Treaty of Utrecht
Prussia's royal title is recognised in the Utrecht settlement.
Treaty Ratification
Supports the ministry during the final peace settlement.
Treaty of Utrecht
Supports the ministry during the final peace settlement.
Treaty of Utrecht
The Treaty of Utrecht ends Britain's participation in the War of the Spanish Succession while Marlborough remains abroad.
Treaty Policy
Backs the Tory ministry's decision to settle peace at Utrecht.
Treaty of Utrecht
Backs the Tory ministry's decision to settle peace at Utrecht.
Succession Recognised
The settlement recognises the Hanoverian succession before his accession.
Treaty of Utrecht
The settlement recognises the Hanoverian succession before his accession.
Atlantic Empire
Acadia Newfoundland and Hudson Bay expand Britain's Atlantic empire.
Balance of Power
The settlement prevents union of the French and Spanish crowns.
Commercial Treaty
Britain secures commercial advantages alongside the peace treaty.
Hanoverian Succession
France recognises the Protestant succession established in Britain.
Rule of Acadia
Gains French recognition of British control in Acadia.
Rule of Acadia
Under the Treaty of Utrecht France cedes Acadia to Great Britain.
Rule of Hudson Bay
Gains French recognition of British claims around Hudson Bay.
Rule of Hudson Bay
Under the Treaty of Utrecht France cedes Hudson Bay claims to Great Britain.
Rule of Newfoundland
Receives French recognition of British sovereignty over Newfoundland.
Rule of Newfoundland
Under the Treaty of Utrecht France recognises British sovereignty over Newfoundland.
Rule of Saint Kitts
Britain gains sole possession of Saint Kitts in the Caribbean.
Treaty of Utrecht
Gains French recognition of British control in Acadia.
Treaty of Utrecht
Under the Treaty of Utrecht France cedes Acadia to Great Britain.
Treaty of Utrecht
Gains French recognition of British claims around Hudson Bay.
Treaty of Utrecht
Under the Treaty of Utrecht France cedes Hudson Bay claims to Great Britain.
Treaty of Utrecht
Receives French recognition of British sovereignty over Newfoundland.
Treaty of Utrecht
Under the Treaty of Utrecht France recognises British sovereignty over Newfoundland.
Treaty of Utrecht
Britain gains sole possession of Saint Kitts in the Caribbean.
Treaty of Utrecht
Acadia Newfoundland and Hudson Bay expand Britain's Atlantic empire.
Treaty of Utrecht
Britain secures commercial advantages alongside the peace treaty.
Treaty of Utrecht
France recognises the Hanoverian succession and accepts British gains in North America.
Treaty of Utrecht
France recognises the Protestant succession established in Britain.
Treaty of Utrecht
The settlement prevents union of the French and Spanish crowns.
Treaty of Utrecht
Concludes peace terms ending Britain's role in the war.
Treaty of Utrecht
Concludes the British peace with France and helps end Britain's part in the war.
Treaty Negotiations
Helps negotiate the British settlement with France and Spain.
Treaty of Utrecht
Bolingbroke helps negotiate the peace settlement ending Britain's part in the war.
Treaty of Utrecht
Helps negotiate the British peace settlement at Utrecht.
Treaty of Utrecht
Helps negotiate the British settlement with France and Spain.
Royal Title
The Duke of Savoy gains recognition as King of Sicily.
Rule of Sicily
Receives Sicily and a royal title through the settlement.
Treaty of Utrecht
Receives Sicily and a royal title through the settlement.
Loss of Sicily
The Papal States loses suzerainty claims as Sicily passes to Savoy.
Treaty of Utrecht
The Papal States loses suzerainty claims as Sicily passes to Savoy.
Dutch Barrier
Dutch diplomacy seeks barrier fortresses against future French expansion.
Treaty of Utrecht
Dutch diplomacy seeks barrier fortresses against future French expansion.
Treaty of Utrecht
Helps secure Dutch participation in the peace settlement.
Barrier Settlement
The Dutch Republic receives security guarantees in the southern Netherlands.
Treaty of Utrecht
The Dutch Republic receives security guarantees in the southern Netherlands.
Amazon Boundary
Portugal strengthens its Amazon frontier claims in the settlement with France.
Brazil Frontier
Portuguese claims in northern Brazil are strengthened against French Guiana.
Treaty of Utrecht
Portugal strengthens its Amazon frontier claims in the settlement with France.
Treaty of Utrecht
Portuguese claims in northern Brazil are strengthened against French Guiana.
Treaty of Utrecht
Portugal reaches peace with France during the Utrecht settlement.
Treaty with France
Portugal reaches peace with France during the Utrecht settlement.
Jacobite Claim
French recognition of the Protestant succession weakens his claim.
Jacobite Claim
James refuses to renounce Catholicism and remains excluded from the British crown.
Succession
Under the Treaty of Utrecht Louis XIV recognises the Protestant succession.
Treaty of Utrecht
French recognition of the Protestant succession weakens his claim.
Treaty of Utrecht
James refuses to renounce Catholicism and remains excluded from the British crown.
Treaty of Utrecht
Under the Treaty of Utrecht Louis XIV recognises the Protestant succession.
Loss of Milan
Spain loses Milan as part of the European settlement.
Loss of Naples
Spain loses Naples to Austria under the peace settlement.
Loss of Sardinia
Spain loses Sardinia in the postwar territorial settlement.
Loss of Spanish Netherlands
Spain loses the Spanish Netherlands to Austrian Habsburg authority.
Treaty of Utrecht
Spain loses Milan as part of the European settlement.
Treaty of Utrecht
Spain loses Naples to Austria under the peace settlement.
Treaty of Utrecht
Spain loses Sardinia in the postwar territorial settlement.
Treaty of Utrecht
Spain loses the Spanish Netherlands to Austrian Habsburg authority.
Sanction-Pragmatic
The succession will go to Charles daughters starting with Maria Theresa. Issues the Pragmatic Sanction because he does not have a male heir
Succession
The succession will go to Charles daughters starting with Maria Theresa. Issues the Pragmatic Sanction because he does not have a male heir
Austrian Netherlands
Bruges passes into the Austrian Netherlands after the peace settlement.
Rejects Utrecht Terms
Does not accept all Utrecht terms before later settlements at Rastatt and Baden.
Treaty of Utrecht
Does not accept all Utrecht terms before later settlements at Rastatt and Baden.
Peace Negotiation
Acts for French interests during the Utrecht negotiations.
Treaty of Utrecht
Acts for French interests during the Utrecht negotiations.
Treaty Negotiation
Represents British interests in negotiations at Utrecht.
Treaty of Utrecht
Represents British interests in negotiations at Utrecht.
Opposition to Peace
From continental exile, Marlborough and his allies oppose peace terms they believe abandon Allied gains.
Peace Policy
Bolingbroke defends the peace settlement against Whig criticism.
Treaty of Utrecht
Bolingbroke defends the peace settlement against Whig criticism.
May 17132 historical events
Captivity
Stenbock is taken into captivity after the surrender of the Swedish force at Tonning.
Surrender at Tonning
Stenbock surrenders the Swedish army at Tonning after supplies fail and disease spreads through the camp.
June 17135 historical events
Succession
Succeeds as Shah Of India. Farrukhsiyars reign marks the ascendancy of the Saiyid brothers who monopolize state power and reduce the Emperor to an effective figurehead
Peace Criticism
Whigs attack the Utrecht terms as too favourable to France.
Treaty of Utrecht
Whigs attack the Utrecht terms as too favourable to France.
Peace Support
Tories support ending Britain's costly war through the Utrecht settlement.
Treaty of Utrecht
Tories support ending Britain's costly war through the Utrecht settlement.
July 171342 historical events
Spanish Succession
Is recognised internationally as Philip V of Spain.
Treaty of Utrecht
Is recognised internationally as Philip V of Spain.
Asiento Contract
Britain gains the asiento for supplying enslaved Africans to Spanish America.
Mediterranean Strategy
Gibraltar and Minorca give Britain strategic Mediterranean bases.
Mediterranean Strategy
Minorca strengthens Britain's naval presence in the western Mediterranean.
Navio de Permiso
Britain receives permission for an annual trading ship to Spanish America.
Recognition of Philip V
Britain recognises Philip V as King of Spain under the treaty.
Rule of Gibraltar
Britain receives Gibraltar from Spain under the peace settlement.
Rule of Minorca
Britain receives Minorca from Spain under the peace settlement.
Treaty of Utrecht
Britain receives Gibraltar from Spain under the peace settlement.
Treaty of Utrecht
Gibraltar and Minorca give Britain strategic Mediterranean bases.
Treaty of Utrecht
Britain receives Minorca from Spain under the peace settlement.
Treaty of Utrecht
Minorca strengthens Britain's naval presence in the western Mediterranean.
Treaty of Utrecht
Britain concludes peace with Spain and receives Mediterranean concessions.
Treaty of Utrecht
Britain gains the asiento for supplying enslaved Africans to Spanish America.
Treaty of Utrecht
Britain receives permission for an annual trading ship to Spanish America.
Treaty of Utrecht
Britain recognises Philip V as King of Spain under the treaty.
Treaty with Spain
Britain concludes peace with Spain and receives Mediterranean concessions.
Asiento Contract
Grants Britain the asiento trading concession in Spanish America.
Balance of Power
Spain remains Bourbon but separate from France under the peace terms.
Loss of Gibraltar
Cedes Gibraltar to Great Britain under the Treaty of Utrecht.
Loss of Minorca
Cedes Minorca to Great Britain as part of the Utrecht settlement.
Mediterranean Losses
Spain's cession of Gibraltar and Minorca weakens its Mediterranean position.
Renunciation of France
Renounces claims to the French throne to prevent union of the crowns.
Rule of Gibraltar
Spain cedes Gibraltar to Great Britain in the Treaty of Utrecht.
Rule of Minorca
Spain cedes Minorca to Great Britain under the Treaty of Utrecht.
Spanish Empire Retained
Philip V retains Spain and its American empire while ceding European territories.
Treaty of Utrecht
Cedes Gibraltar to Great Britain under the Treaty of Utrecht.
Treaty of Utrecht
Spain cedes Gibraltar to Great Britain in the Treaty of Utrecht.
Treaty of Utrecht
Spain's cession of Gibraltar and Minorca weakens its Mediterranean position.
Treaty of Utrecht
Cedes Minorca to Great Britain as part of the Utrecht settlement.
Treaty of Utrecht
Spain cedes Minorca to Great Britain under the Treaty of Utrecht.
Treaty of Utrecht
Philip V retains Spain and its American empire while ceding European territories.
Treaty of Utrecht
Accepts peace terms while keeping the Spanish throne.
Treaty of Utrecht
Grants Britain the asiento trading concession in Spanish America.
Treaty of Utrecht
Philip V keeps Spain but renounces the French throne; Spain cedes Gibraltar and Minorca to Great Britain.
Treaty of Utrecht
Renounces claims to the French throne to prevent union of the crowns.
Treaty of Utrecht
Spain concludes peace with Britain while conceding territory and trade rights.
Treaty of Utrecht
Spain remains Bourbon but separate from France under the peace terms.
Treaty with Britain
Spain concludes peace with Britain while conceding territory and trade rights.
Spanish Settlement
Helps Philip V's administration adjust to the postwar settlement.
Treaty of Utrecht
Helps Philip V's administration adjust to the postwar settlement.
October 17131 historical events
Birth of Denis Diderot
Denis Diderot is born in Langres to master cutler Didier Diderot.
Alliance Charles VI and Philip V
After Charles VI succeeds as Emperor England, Holland & Portugal support Philip V
Renunciation
Philip V accepts arrangements separating the French and Spanish crowns under the peace settlement.
Peace Settlement
Louis XIV secures recognition of the Bourbon settlement in Spain while France makes concessions.
Jansenist Policy
Gets the Pope to issue a Papal Bull condemning Jansenist views
Independence of Germany
Helps preserve the independence of Holstein from Danish rule
Independence of Germany
Helps preserve the independence of Schleswig from Danish rule
Independence of Holstein
Helps preserve the independence of Holstein from Danish rule
Independence of Schleswig
Helps preserve the independence of Schleswig from Danish rule
Succession
Succeeds as Duke of Germany
Armament
Doubles the size of the Army to 80,000 men
Declaration of War
Goes to war with Sweden over Pomerania
Iliad Translation Subscription Launched
Pope began organizing the subscription publishing project for his English translation of Homer's Iliad.
Prologue for Cato
Pope wrote the prologue for Joseph Addison's tragedy Cato, contributing verse to a prominent theatrical production.
Windsor Forest Published
Pope published Windsor Forest, connecting a poetic landscape with the politics of peace.
Review Publication Ends
Defoe brought The Review toward its end after nearly a decade of sustained journalism.
Lord Lieutenant
Appointed Lord Lieutenant of Ireland
Arrest of Lal Kunwar
Jahandar Shah flees to Delhi, from where he is captured and handed over to the new Emperor, who confines him along with Lal Kunwar
Arrest of Jahandar Shah and Lal Kunwar
Jahandar Shah flees to Delhi, from where he is captured and handed over to the new Emperor, who confines him along with Lal Kunwar
Succession
Jahandar Shah flees to Delhi, from where he is captured and handed over to the new Emperor, who confines him along with Lal Kunwar
Arrest of Jahandar Shah and Lal Kunwar
Jahandar Shah flees to Delhi, from where he is captured and handed over to the new Emperor, who confines him along with Lal Kunwar
Appointment as Peshwa
Shahu appoints Balaji Vishwanath as Peshwa, beginning the political rise of the Bhat family within the Maratha state.
Battle near Agra
Farrukhsiyar's supporters defeat Jahandar Shah's forces near Agra, opening the way to the Mughal throne.
Battle near Agra
Jahandar Shah is defeated near Agra by forces supporting Farrukhsiyar and is later captured.
Commander in Chief
Husain Ali Khan becomes Mir Bakshi and a leading military power alongside his brother Abdullah Khan.
Wazir
Abdullah Khan becomes Wazir, while his brother Husain Ali Khan serves as the empire's senior military commander.
Dialogues Between Hylas and Philonous
Publication of "Dialogues Between Hylas and Philonous"
Berkeley Enters London Literary Circles
During a London visit Berkeley formed connections with writers including Jonathan Swift and Alexander Pope. Such networks aided the circulation of his works among readers concerned with religion and learning.
Berkeley Publishes Essays In The Guardian
Berkeley contributed essays opposing freethinking to Richard Steele's periodical The Guardian. Their accessible prose carried theological and philosophical arguments beyond specialist academic audiences.
Berkeley Responds To Skeptical Objections
In the Three Dialogues Berkeley maintained that denying material substance need not deny the objects of everyday experience. He argued that his theory preserved the reality of tables and trees as perceived things.
Berkeley Uses Hylas And Philonous Dialogue
Berkeley framed his defense of immaterialism as conversations between Hylas and Philonous. The dramatic method allowed objections about common sense and material objects to be examined directly.
Rule of Sicily
Under the Treaty of Utrecht the Papal States loses Sicily to Savoy.
Treaty of Utrecht
Under the Treaty of Utrecht the Papal States loses Sicily to Savoy.
Succession
Succeeds as Tokugawa Shogun, 7th Shogun, age 3
Secretary of State
Appointed Secretary of State
Member of Parliament
Elected Member of Parliament for Bute