1809 in History

Austria & France sign an armistice

Austria & France sign an armistice

The Chuquisaca uprising begins the independence crisis in Upper Peru

Declares war on Russia

Receives the allegiance of the Finnish estates and confirms Finland's religion, laws and traditional privileges.

Pius VII excommunicates Napoleon Bonaparte

Pius VII excommunicates Napoleon Bonaparte

Jessop's Floating Harbour works improve Bristol's port.

Appointed Foreign Minister

Calls for a Government of National unity

Appointed Head of the Confederation, 2nd term

Appointed Home Secretary

Napoleon crosses the Danube, 6 miles south of Vienna

Napoleon chooses Albern to cross the Danube, 6 miles south of Vienna

The Austrians under the Archduke invade Bavaria

The Austrians under the Archduke invade Bavaria

Napoleon leaves Paris to wage war against Austria for the 4th time

Napoleon arrives in Donauworth, Bavaria

Napoleon drives the Austrians out of Bavaria

Takes up residence at Schonbrunn

Lands at Lisbon with a new British army

"There will not be a single village in revolt". Promises Joseph 100,000 veterans in Spain. Forced to withdraw from Spain after Austria prepares for war, never returns to Spain

Napoleon reaches northern Spain

Complains to his commissariat, "I have nothing, I am naked"

Launches an invasion with 191,000 under his command

Breaks through the Spanish defence of the Sierra de Guadarrama

Drives the Spanish army of Galicia back on Leon

Napoleon enters Madrid

Wellington enters Spain

Murillo helps establish the Junta Tuitiva in La Paz

Appointed Marshal General of the Portuguese army

Appointed Marshal General of the Portuguese army

Created Viscount Wellington of Talavera

Created Viscount Wellington of Talavera

Appointed President of Spain, President of the Supreme Central Governing Junta

Appointed Prime Minister of Great Britain

40,000 peasants rise in rebellion

40,000 peasants rise in rebellion

After the Battle of Wagram Galicia is ceded to the Duchy of Warsaw

After the Battle of Wagram the Illyrian provinces are ceded to France

After the Battle of Wagram Salzburg is ceded to Bavaria

After the Battle of Wagram the Tyrol is ceded to Bavaria

Napoleon enters Madrid

Napoleon threatens to besiege Vienna

Appointed President of Spain, President of the Supreme Central Governing Junta

The treaty ends the Finnish War, with Sweden ceding Finland to the Russian Empire.

Shah Shuja signs a treaty with the British East India Company opposing French and Persian intervention.

The 4th French war with Austria is ended by the Treaty of Schonbrunn

The 4th French war with Austria is ended by the Treaty of Schonbrunn. Francis I cedes lands in Poland & along the Adriatic

The 4th French war with Austria is ended by the Treaty of Schonbrunn

Birth of Alfred Tennyson, 1st Baron Tennyson

Birth of Charles Dawin, grandson of Josiah Wedgewood & Erasmus Darwin

Birth of Edgar Allan Poe

Born at 62 Rodney Street, William Ewart Gladstone was the fourth son of the slave-owning merchant Sir John Gladstone, and his second wife, Anne MacKenzie Robertson

Birth of Heinrich Abeken

Pierre-Joseph Proudhon is born in Besancon to a cooper and a kitchen servant.

Death of John Moore, killed at the Battle of Corunna

Matthew Boulton dies at Soho House after transforming Birmingham manufacturing.

Death of Theodor von Reding

The Archduke drives Napoleon back across the Danube & prevents him attacking Vienna

The Archduke drives Napoleon back across the Danube & prevents him attacking Vienna

The Battle diverts Napoleon from engulfing Spain with a single manoeuvre as planned. Killed in battle. Fights the battle as his troops are embarking for home

The Battle diverts Napoleon from engulfing Spain with a single manoeuvre as planned. Soult defeats the British who leave the Peninsular, Napoleon feels safe to leave Spain. Believes the British army will run to the Navy, a belief held until Waterloo

Napoleon drives the Austrians out of Bavaria

Napoleon drives the Austrians out of Bavaria

Soult is driven out of Portugal by Wellington

Defeated by the Duke of Wellington

Makes a surprise attack across the River Douro & drives the French from Oporto

One of Napoleon's Marshalls, Victor, is defeated at Talavera by Wellington

Wellington is victorious, rewarded with the title Duke of Wellington. Defeats King Joseph & Marshal Jourdan

Napoleon defeats a Spanish force

Defeated by Napoleon

Outflanks the Austrian positions & contributes to their defeat

Defeats the Austrians 11 miles north east of Vienna. After the battle Salzburg & the Tyrol are ceded to Bavaria & Illyria to France. After the armistice Galicia is ceded to the Duchy of Warsaw