Battle of Chillianwalla
A British force is defeated by the Sikhs
Historical events in 1849
169 historical records
January 18494 historical events
Battle of Chillianwala
Sher Singh Attariwalla commands Sikh forces at Chillianwala, where both armies suffer heavy casualties.
Birth of Edmund Barton
Birth of Edmund Barton
Siege of Multan
Present at the successful storming of Multan
February 18499 historical events
Trial of Neue Rheinische Zeitung
Marx defends the newspaper before a jury and is acquitted.
Constitution of Italy
A Roman Republic is declared
Constitution of Italy
A Roman Republic is declared
Risorgimento
A Roman Republic is declared
Battle of Gujarat
Sher Singh Attariwalla's army is decisively defeated at Gujarat, ending organized Sikh resistance in the Second Sikh War.
Battle of Kaplona
Many of the Hungarian rebels are annhilated while the survivors flee across the Tisza
Reballion of Crushes the
Crushes the rebellion in Vienna
Battle of Gujrat
Napier takes part in the Battle of Gujrat
Election
In early 1849, elections are held for a Constituent Assembly
March 184916 historical events
Constitution of Austria
Enacts a new centralised & absolute Austrian constitution
Constitution of Austria
Enacts a new centralised & absolute Austrian constitution
Reichstag
Dissolves the Austrian Reichstag
Result of Surrender of Sikh Forces
Sikh organised resistance collapses as the remaining forces lay down their arms.
Surrender of Sikh Forces
The Sikhs lay down their arms
Result of Surrender of Sikh Forces
The Sikh military position collapses, enabling British authority to be imposed more fully in the Punjab.
Surrender of Sikh Forces
The Sikhs lay down their arms
Battle of Novara
Radetzky completely defeats Charles Albert & Albert Chrzanowski
Battle of Novara
Radetzky completely defeats Charles Albert & Albert Chrzanowski
Succession
Succeeds as King of Sardinia-Piedmont, 1849-1861
Succession
Elected as "Emperor of the Germans"
Constitution of Austria
A new constituton is written & approved but never put into practice
Capture of Punjab
The British capture the Punjab
Capture of Punjab
The British capture the Punjab
Chief Minister
Mazzini arrives in Rome and is appointed Chief Minister
Constitution of Italy
In the Constitution of the Roman Republic, religious freedom was guaranteed by article 7, the independence of the Pope as head of the Catholic Church was guaranteed by article 8 of the Principi fondamentali & the death penalty is abolished
April 184917 historical events
Frankfurt Parliament
Supports unification for a time, leading the Frankfurt Parliament to offer him the crown of Germany, which he refuses, purportedly saying that he would not accept "a crown made of mud and clay"
Unification
Supports unification for a time, leading the Frankfurt Parliament to offer him the crown of Germany, which he refuses, purportedly saying that he would not accept "a crown made of mud and clay"
Constitution of Germany
Rejects the Imperial Crown offered by the Parliament of Frankfurt
Panama Railroad Company
Aspinwall incorporates the Panama Railroad Company to build a railway across the isthmus.
Reform of Government
Introduces a law reducing the power of the Catholic Church
Independence of Austria
The Hungarians proclaim Hungary independent of Austria
Independence of Hungary
The Hungarians proclaim Hungary independent of Austria
Independence of Austria
The "House of Habsburg is for ever deposed from sovereignty over Hungary". Hungary declares its independence
Independence of Hungary
The "House of Habsburg is for ever deposed from sovereignty over Hungary". Hungary declares its independence
Declaration of Independence
Author of Hungarys declaration of independence
Declaration of Independence
Author of Hungarys declaration of independence
Independence of Hungary
Says that the "House of Habsburg is for ever deposed from sovereignty over Hungary". Declares independence from Habsburg rule, although this proves to be temporary. Author of Hungarys declaration of independence
Siege of Rome
Oudinot lays siege to Rome
Rebellion Losses Bill
Gives royal assent to the Rebellion Losses Bill despite violent opposition.
Siege of Rome
Takes command of Rome & repels a French attack
Siege of Rome
Repulses a French attack on Rome. Repels a French attack on Rome
Alliance Austria and Russia
Austria invites Russia to intervene in Hungary
May 184912 historical events
Battle of Palestrina
Defeats the Neapolitans at Palestrina
Expulsion from Prussia
Prussian authorities order Marx to leave after withdrawing his right of residence.
Suppression of Neue Rheinische Zeitung
The final issue appears in red ink after Prussian authorities order the newspaper closed.
Battle of Velletri
Defeats the Neapolitans at Velletri
Constitution of Germany
The Gagernsche Program is accepted but endless constitutional debate leads to Gagerns resignation
Gagernsche Program
The Gagernsche Program is accepted but endless constitutional debate leads to Gagerns resignation
Resignation of Heinrich Wilhelm August Freiherr von Gagern
Resigns after the King of Prussia refuses his offer to be an elected German Emperor frustrating Gagerns plan for non-revolutionary German unification
Alliance of Three Kings
The Alliance of the Three King's is concluded between Prussia, Saxony and Hanover
Alliance of Three Kings
The Alliance of the Three King's leads to the Erfurt Union which abandons universal and equal franchise in favour of a 3 class franchise
Constitution of Germany
The Alliance of the Three King's leads to the Erfurt Union which abandons universal and equal franchise in favour of a 3 class franchise
Erfurt Union
The Alliance of the Three King's leads to the Erfurt Union which abandons universal and equal franchise in favour of a 3 class franchise
Reballion of down the Hungarian
Appeals to Tsar Nicholas for help in putting down the Hungarian rebellion
June 184911 historical events
Coup
Heads a provisional Government for 2 hours before fleeing to England
Exile of Alexandre-Auguste Ledru-Rollin
Heads a provisional Government for 2 hours before fleeing to England
Provisional Government
Heads a provisional Government for 2 hours before fleeing to England
Constitution of Germany
Liberal deputies to the German national assembly agree a draft constitution and by the end of August, 28 principalities recognise the Reich constitution and join the union
Erfurt Union
Liberal deputies to the German national assembly agree a draft constitution and by the end of August, 28 principalities recognise the Reich constitution and join the union
Unfification
Liberal deputies to the German national assembly agree a draft constitution and by the end of August, 28 principalities recognise the Reich constitution and join the union
Navigation Acts Repeal
Parliament repeals the Navigation Acts and expands competition in maritime trade.
Exile in Paris
Marx briefly returns to Paris before French authorities require him to leave.
Invasion of Hungary
Hungary is invaded by a Russian Army sent by Tzar Nicholas I to aid Franz Josej
Invasion of Hungary
Invades Hungary to assist Franz Josej against the Hungarian Nationalists
Invasion of Hungary
Hungary is invaded by a Russian Army sent by Tsar Nicholas I to aid Franz Josef
July 18493 historical events
Battle of Velletri
Withdraws his army across the Apennines to San Marino
Battle of Velletri
The French attack Velletri & enter the city
Siege of Rome
The French enter Rome & Garibaldi withdraws the 4,000 republican army to San Marino
August 184917 historical events
Battle of Temesvar
The Hungarians are defeated by the Russians at Temesvar
Battle of Temesvar
The Hungarians are defeated by the Russians at Temesvar
Rule of Austria
Hungarys General Gorgey surrenders to the Russian forces & Russia gives Hungary back to Austria
Result of Surrender of Görgey's Hungarian Army
Görgey's surrender ends organised Hungarian military resistance to Austria.
Rule of Hungary
Hungarys General Gorgey surrenders to the Russian forces & Russia gives Hungary back to Austria
Surrender of Görgey's Hungarian Army
Surrenders to the Austrians at Vilagos
Rule of Hungary
Hungarys General Gorgey surrenders to the Russian forces & Russia gives Hungary back to Austria
Capture of Vienna
Commands the Austrian army which captures Venice
Siege of Venice
Venice capitulates to Radetzky
Arrival in London
Marx arrives in London, where he remains for the rest of his life.
Rejects a Prussian scheme of union
Rejects a Prussian scheme of union
Reballion of Rebels in Hungary is defeated
The rebellion in Hungary is defeated & Kossuth forced into exile
Exile of Lajos Kossuth
Forced to flee to Turkey after the Russian invasion of Hungary
Exile of Lajos Kossuth
Ends up in London
Exile of Guisseppe Garibaldi
Forced into exile in South America
Exile of Nicholas I
Helps drive out Hungarys Nationalist leader, Kossuth
Invasion of Hungary
Helps drive out Hungarys Nationalist leader, Kossuth
September 18492 historical events
Meeting with Frederick William & offers joint administration of
Meets Frederick William & offers joint administration of the German Confederation
Constitution of Austria
Prussia accepts Franzs offer to help administer the German Confederation
October 18499 historical events
Invasion of Austria
The Hungarians cross the Austrian border
Execution
Convicted of high treason (being disloyal to the Emperor of Austria, who was also the King of Hungary), after the Hungarian Revolution of 1848-49 had failed
Treason
Convicted of high treason (being disloyal to the Emperor of Austria, who was also the King of Hungary), after the Hungarian Revolution of 1848-49 had failed
Death of Lajos Batthyany de
Death of Count Lajos Batthy ny de N‚metpounds jv r, executed
Death of Edgar Allen Poe
Death of Edgar Allen Poe, age of 40
President of Ecuador
Appointed acting President of Ecuador
Death of Frederic Chopin
Death of Frederic Chopin, consumption at the age of 38
Battle of Schwechat
The invading Hungarians are confronted by Windisch-Gratz & turned back
Battle of Schwechat
The invading Hungarians are confronted by Windisch-Gratz & turned back
November 18491 historical events
Wali of Egypt
Succeeds Ibrahim Pasha as hereditary ruler of Egypt.
December 18497 historical events
Death of Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen
Death of Adelaide, pre-deceased by her only child Elizabeth
Birth of August von Mackensen
Birth of August von Mackensen
Death of Marc Brunel
Brunel's father and engineering mentor Marc Isambard Brunel dies.
Death of Marc Isambard Brunel
Sir Marc Isambard Brunel dies in Westminster after a career in civil and mechanical engineering.
Appointed Archbishop of Armagh
Cullen is appointed Archbishop of Armagh and returns from Rome to lead the Irish Catholic primatial see.
Appointment as Prime Minister
Antonios Kriezis is appointed Prime Minister of Greece.
Prime Minister of Greece
Antonios Kriezis begins his long second term as Prime Minister.
Siege of Buenos Aires
Rosas reache peace deals with Great Britain and France in 1849 and 1850 respectively
Constitution of Austria
Enacts the new constitution he drew up in 1848
Minister of Interior
Appointed Minister of the Interior
Constitution of Austria
The 1849 constitution is suspended, and a policy of absolutist centralism is established, guided by the Minister of the Interior, Alexander Bach
Minister of Justice
Appointed Minister of Justice
Constitution of Austria
The 1849 constitution is suspended, and a policy of absolutist centralism is established, guided by the Minister of the Interior, Alexander Bach
Constitution of Austria
Nominally accepts Parliamentary monarchy. Draws up an absolutist constitution after the Battle of Kaolna
Constitution of Denmark
Founds the Constitutional Monarchy
Unification
Incorporates Schleswig into Denmark
Amiens Cathedral
Begins restoration work on Amiens Cathedral
Speed of Light
The first successful entirely earthbound measurement of the speed of light is carried out by Hippolyte Fizeau, measuring the speed of light in air, which is slower than the speed of light in vacuum by a factor of the refractive index of air 1.0003
Der Konigsleutnant
Publication of "Der Konigsleutnant"
Constitution of Germany
Develops a union under Prussia & forces the constitution through the Union Parliament
Parliament
Develops a union under Prussia & forces the constitution through the Union Parliament
Unification
Develops a union under Prussia & forces the constitution through the Union Parliament
Prime Minister of Germany
Appointed Prime Minister of Bavaria, 1st term
Election
Elected Member of Erfurt Parliament, a Prussian representitive
Erfurt Parliament
Appointed one of Prussia's representatives at the Erfurt Parliament, an assembly of German states that meets to discuss plans for union, but only in order to oppose it more effectively
Erfurt Parliament
The Erfurt Parliament fails to bring about unification because of the opposition of Prussia & Austria
Unification
The Erfurt Parliament fails to bring about unification because of the opposition of Prussia & Austria. The Erfurt Parliament discusses German unification but Bismarck is opposed. Appointed one of Prussia's representatives at the Erfurt Parliament, an assembly of German states that meets to discuss plans for union, but only in order to oppose that bodys proposals more effectively
Election
Bismarck is elected to the Landtag
Unification
Bismarck opposes the unification of Germany arguing Prussia would lose its independence in the process
Succession
Relinquishes the principality to the King of Prussia by the Parliament of Frankfurt
Birth of Bernhard Heinrich Martin Bulow
Birth of Bernhard Heinrich Martin Bulow
Chief Prussian Navy
Appointed Chief of Prussian Navy
Trafalgar Square Lions
Planning continues for further Trafalgar Square memorial elements.
Death of Anne Bronte
Death of Anne Bronte
David Copperfield
Publication of "David Copperfield"
Shirley
Publication of "Shirley"
Trafalgar Relief
Creates a bronze relief for Nelson's Column.
Consul
Appointed Consul for Bight of Benin
Scandal
John Delane of The Times reveals arms have been sent to Sicily
Birth of Randolph Churchill
Birth of Randolph Churchill, son of the 7th Duke of Marlborough
Scandal
John Delane of The Times reveals arms have been sent to Sicily
House of Mercy
Begins the "rescue work" with "fallen women" and meets prostitutes late at night on the street, in his house or in their houses, writing their names in a private notebook and heps the House of Mercy at Clewer near Windsor
Bristol Swing Bridge Construction
Designs a wrought-iron swing bridge for Bristol Harbour.
Chepstow Rail Bridge Construction
Begins work on the railway bridge across the River Wye at Chepstow.
Chepstow Tubular Pier System Developed
Brunel develops tubular iron supports for the railway crossing of the River Wye at Chepstow.
North Entrance Lock Bridge
The bridge forms part of Brunel's improvements to the entrance locks.
Windsor Railway Bridge
Designs the wrought-iron railway bridge carrying the Windsor branch over the Thames.
Windsor Thames Bridge Bowstring Design
Brunel develops a wrought-iron bow-and-string railway crossing over the Thames for the Windsor branch.
Windsor-Slough Thames Crossing
The bow-and-string design anticipates later work at Saltash.
Wye Bridge Works Begin
The tubular design influences Brunel's later Royal Albert Bridge.
Joule Presents Precision Thermal Measurements
Improved experiments gave more reliable values for the mechanical equivalent of heat. The achievement expanded the capabilities of a major research centre.
Engineer
Appointed civil engineer to the Board of Administration of the annexed province of Punjab, and carries out many significant public works during his time in that position
Rule of Punjab
Appointed civil engineer to the Board of Administration of the annexed province of Punjab, and carries out many significant public works during his time in that position
Siege of Chiniot
Present at the surrender of the fortress of Chiniot
Battle of Gujrat
The British defeat the Sikhs
Battle of Ramnugger
The British defeat the Sikhs
Trial
Convicted of high treason (being disloyal to the Emperor of Austria, who was also the King of Hungary), after the Hungarian Revolution of 1848-49 had failed
Arrest of Lajos Kossuth
The insurrection is crushed & Kossuth flees to Turkey where he is imprisoned
Minister of War
Appointed Minister of War
La battaglia di Legnano
Composes, "Luisa Miller". Composes, "La battaglia di Legnano"
Luisa Miller
Composes, "Luisa Miller". Composes, "La battaglia di Legnano"
Mayoral Term
Concludes service as Mayor of Amsterdam after the 1842-1849 municipal term.
Succession
Succeeds as King of Korea
Reballion of Samos
The inhabitants of Samos rebel against Turkish rule
Rule of Samos
The inhabitants of Samos rebel against Turkish rule
Governor
Appointed Governor of Utah
Vice President
Appointed Vice President of the USA
President of USA
Appointed President of the USA, 12th President