President of Switzerland
Begins a one-year term as President of the Swiss Confederation.
Historical events in 1854
269 historical records
January 185411 historical events
Black Sea Allied Fleet Deployment
British and French warships enter the Black Sea, increasing pressure on Russia while supporting the Ottoman alliance.
Blockade of Black Sea
France and Britain send a joint fleet to the Black Sea and ally themselves with Turkey.
Allied Fleet Enters Black Sea
Leads French warships into the Black Sea alongside the British fleet.
Allied Fleet Enters Black Sea
Leads British warships into the Black Sea as Allied naval pressure on Russia increases.
Battle of Cetate
Defends Cetate through the renewed Ottoman assault until Russian reinforcements arrive.
Advance to Cetate
Advances toward Cetate with reinforcements, helping prompt the Ottoman withdrawal from the area.
Battle of Cetate
Brings Russian reinforcements into the fighting around Cetate during the January engagement.
Battle of Cetate
Renews the Ottoman attack at Cetate before withdrawing as Russian reinforcements approach.
Press
Publishes the 1st issue of the Citizen
Paddington Station
The first Great Western Railway service departs from Brunel's new Paddington Station before completion of the roof.
February 18545 historical events
Command Appointment
Receives command of the British expeditionary army.
Convention
The British Government recognizes the Independence of the Orange free state
Free State
The British Government recognizes the Independence of the Orange free state
Siege of Calafat
Directs Russian pressure against the fortified Ottoman bridgehead at Calafat.
Siege of Calafat
Maintains the Ottoman bridgehead at Calafat during months of Russian pressure.
March 185421 historical events
President of Argentina
Appointed President of the Argentine Confederation
Budget
Gladstone has to increase expenditure on the Services and a vote of credit of pounds 1,250,000 is taken to send a 25,000 to the East so the deficit for the year would be pounds 2,840,000 but Gladstone refuses to borrow the money needed to cover
Budget
Gladstones 3rd budget, by May pounds 6,870,000 is needed to finance the Crimean war so Gladstone raises the income tax from 10 and a half pence to 14d and to raise pounds 3,250,000; spirits, malt, and sugar are taxed to raise the rest of the
Budget
money needed.
Budget
the deficit and increases the income tax by one half from sevenpence to tenpence-halfpenny in the pound (from 2.92% to 4.38%)
Budget
Introduces a wartime budget as Britain enters the Crimean War and government expenditure rises.
Income Tax
92% to 4. 38%)
Income Tax
Gladstone has to increase expenditure on the Services and a vote of credit of pounds 1,250,000 is taken to send a 25,000 to the East so the deficit for the year would be pounds 2,840,000 but Gladstone refuses to borrow the money needed to cover
Income Tax
Gladstones 3rd budget, by May pounds 6,870,000 is needed to finance the Crimean war so Gladstone raises the income tax from 10 and a half pence to 14d and to raise pounds 3,250,000; spirits, malt, and sugar are taxed to raise the rest of the
Income Tax
money needed.
Income Tax
the deficit and increases the income tax by one half from sevenpence to tenpence-halfpenny in the pound (from 2.
Siege of Silistria
Commands Russian forces during the campaign against Silistria before illness and injury end his active role.
Birth of Alfred Milner
Birth of Alfred Milner
Abolition of Slavery
President Jose Gregorio Monagas signed legislation abolishing slavery throughout Venezuela.
Declaration of War
Joins Britain in war against Russia.
Declaration of War
After Russia ignores an Anglo-French ultimatum to withdraw from the Danubian Principalities, Great Britain and France formally declare war.
Declaration of War
Declares war after Russia refuses to leave the Danubian Principalities.
Declaration of War
After Russia ignores an Anglo-French ultimatum to withdraw from the Danubian Principalities, Great Britain and France formally declare war.
Command Appointment
Commands the French expeditionary army sent east.
Alliance Britain and France
Concludes an alliance between Britain and France.
Mobilization
A joint Anglo-French force is moved to Varna to repel the Russian Invasion of Bulgaria.
April 185412 historical events
Flag of Truce Incident
Sends a boat under a flag of truce into Odessa, where Russian fire triggers a diplomatic and naval confrontation.
Flag of Truce Dispute
Rejects British complaints after Russian batteries fire during the flag-of-truce incident at Odessa.
Oxford University
Makes Maiden Speech in Parliament agaist the 2nd Reading of the Oxford University Bill
Speech
Makes Maiden Speech in Parliament agaist the 2nd Reading of the Oxford University Bill
Alliance Britain and France
Britain and France agree an alliance.
Birth of Paul von Rennenkampf
Birth of Paul von Rennenkampf
Alliance Austria and Prussia
Austria enters into a defensive alliance with Prussia against Russia.
Mobilization
Austria masses an army of 50,000 in Galicia and Transylvania.
Bombardment of Odessa
Directs French naval participation in the Allied bombardment of Odessa.
Bombardment of Odessa
Commands HMS Arethusa and engages Russian batteries during the Allied attack on Odessa.
Bombardment of Odessa
Directs British ships in the Anglo-French bombardment of Russian military facilities at Odessa.
Defence of Odessa
Commands Russian land defences during the Anglo-French bombardment of Odessa.
May 185418 historical events
SS Great Eastern
The keel of SS Great Eastern is laid at John Scott Russell's shipyard in Millwall.
Battle of Nigoiti
Defeats an Ottoman force at Nigoiti, opening the way for a Russian advance toward Ozurgeti.
Battle of Nigoiti
Commands Ottoman troops defeated at Nigoiti during the Caucasus campaign.
Commander British Army
Commands the British expeditionary force cooperating with the French army in the eastern theatre.
Capture of Piraeus
Anglo-French forces occupy Piraeus to prevent the Greek fleet from aiding Russia.
Occupation of Piraeus
Supports occupying Piraeus to prevent Greek aid to Russia.
Occupation
Anglo-French forces occupy Piraeus to prevent the Greek Fleet from assisting Russia.
Prime Minister of Greece
Kanaris forms a short-lived government during the Crimean War crisis.
Paddington Station
Brunel's permanent Paddington Station formally opens with a three-span wrought-iron and glazed train shed.
Trafalgar Relief
Completes one of the bronze reliefs on Nelson's Column.
Royal Albert Bridge
Construction begins on Brunel's Royal Albert Bridge across the River Tamar between Devon and Cornwall.
Defence of Silistria
Assists the Ottoman defence of Silistria and helps strengthen its resistance to Russian siege operations.
Defence of Silistria
Enters Silistria with irregular troops and reinforces the garrison during the Russian siege.
Defence of Silistria
Advises the defenders of Silistria and contributes to the successful resistance against the Russian siege.
Withdrawal from Calafat
Ends the unsuccessful Russian attempt to reduce the Ottoman position at Calafat.
Siege of Silistria
Directs important Russian engineering work during the siege of Silistria and is fatally wounded.
Siege of Silistria
Besieges Silistria on the Danube.
Calafat Defence
Retains the Calafat bridgehead after Russian forces abandon their prolonged effort against it.
June 185413 historical events
New Street Station
Birmingham New Street opens as a central station serving several railway companies.
Command of Silistria
Takes responsibility for the defence after Musa Pasha is killed by Russian shellfire.
Battle of Choloki
Defeats the larger Ottoman corps at the Choloki River and captures its artillery.
Battle of Choloki
Commands the Ottoman corps driven from its fortified position at the Choloki River.
Election
Elected member of the Cape Colonys legislative assembly for Beaufort West
Austrian Mobilization
Mobilizes troops to pressure Russia on the Danube.
Danubian Principalities
Presses Russia to evacuate the Danubian Principalities.
Baltic Blockade
Maintains naval pressure on Russian Baltic bases while judging Kronstadt too strong for a direct assault.
Mobilization
Moves British troops to Varna before the Crimean landing.
White Sea Expedition
Leads a British squadron into the White Sea to threaten Russian coastal communications.
Baltic Reconnaissance
Conducts reconnaissance and naval planning during the British Baltic campaign.
Siege of Silistria
Commands Russian troops during costly attacks on the Ottoman defences at Silistria.
Defence of Silistria
Holds Silistria against Russian pressure.
July 18548 historical events
Battle of Giurgiu
Reinforces Russian forces during the fighting around Giurgiu as the Ottomans regain the initiative.
Battle of Giurgiu
Commands Russian troops opposing the Ottoman crossing and advance near Giurgiu.
Battle of Giurgiu
Takes part in Russian attempts to contain the Ottoman advance near Giurgiu.
Battle of Giurgiu
Leads Ottoman forces across the Danube and begins the successful fighting around Giurgiu.
Wali of Egypt
Succeeds Abbas I and becomes Wali of Egypt.
Bombardment of Solovetsky Monastery
Bombards the fortified Solovetsky Monastery after its defenders reject his demand for surrender.
Defence of Solovetsky Monastery
Refuses the British surrender demand and helps organize the monastery's resistance during the bombardment.
Prime Minister of Greece
Mavrokordatos begins his fourth and final premiership.
August 185425 historical events
Canadian Gold Standard
Canada begins operating a gold standard that fixes its dollar in terms of gold and places it at parity with the United States dollar.
Siege of Bomarsund
Coordinates French naval forces during the Anglo-French siege of Bomarsund.
Battle of Kurekdere
Defeats the Ottoman Anatolian army at Kurekdere despite being substantially outnumbered.
Battle of Kurekdere
Serves among the Ottoman commanders during the defeat at Kurekdere.
Battle of Kurekdere
Commands the Ottoman army during its unsuccessful offensive at Kurekdere.
Peace
Russia rejects Allied peace conditions, the Vienna Four Points.
Russia rejects conditions set by the Allies, the Vienna Four Points
Russia rejects conditions set by the Allies, the Vienna Four Points.
Vienna Four Points
Russia rejects conditions set by the Allies, the Vienna Four Points.
Bombardment of Bomarsund
Directs British warships engaged in the heavy bombardment preceding Bomarsund's surrender.
Capture of Aland
Leads French troops during the capture of Bomarsund in the Aland Islands.
Capture of Bomarsund
Leads French troops in the capture of Bomarsund.
Capture of Bomarsund
Supports the capture of Bomarsund in the Baltic.
Capture of Bomarsund
Bombards the Aland Islands and helps the French force the surrender of the garrison.
Surrender of Bomarsund
Surrenders the isolated Bomarsund fortress after sustained Anglo-French land and naval attacks.
Bombardment of Kola
Commands HMS Miranda during the attack that destroys much of the Russian port of Kola.
Bombardment of Kola
Serves aboard HMS Miranda during the White Sea operation against Kola.
Siege of Petropavlovsk
Takes senior direction of Allied operations at Petropavlovsk after the death of David Price.
Death of David Price
Dies during the opening phase of the Allied operation against Petropavlovsk.
Siege of Petropavlovsk
Commands the British Pacific squadron at the opening of the attack on Petropavlovsk.
Siege of Petropavlovsk
Organizes the Russian defence when the Anglo-French Pacific squadron attacks Petropavlovsk.
Siege of Petropavlovsk
Assumes senior British naval responsibility after Price's death during the Petropavlovsk operation.
Siege of Bomarsund
Commands a French brigade in the land operations that reduce the Russian fortress at Bomarsund.
Bomarsund Siege Engineering
Directs French engineering work that helps reduce the Russian fortifications at Bomarsund.
Cholera
Sees disease weaken the Allied camp before the invasion of Crimea.
Bomarsund Land Operations
Commands Royal Marines serving ashore during the Allied operations against Bomarsund.
September 185429 historical events
Defence of Petropavlovsk
Repels the final Allied landing assault and preserves the Russian Pacific port.
Mobilization
The Allied force departs to the Crimean Peninsula in a convoy of 150 warships.
Invasion of Crimea
Lands French troops with the Allied expedition in Crimea.
Invasion of Crimea
Lands British troops on the Crimean coast.
Invasion of Crimea
Fails to oppose the Allied landing in Crimea.
Mobilization
The Allied force lands at Old Fort on an open beach 30 miles North of Sevastopol.
Siege of Sevastopol
The French forces within the Allied expeditionary force advance toward Sevastopol.
Battle of Alma
Leads French troops during the Allied victory at Alma.
Battle of Alma
Leads French troops up the heights near the coast, helping turn the Russian flank at the Alma.
Battle of Alma
Commands the Highland Brigade to victory over Russia during the march on Sevastopol.
Battle of Alma
Commands the Second Division during victory over Russia on the march to Sevastopol.
Battle of Alma
Commands the Light Division during victory over Russia during the march on Sevastopol.
Battle of Alma
Commands the Third Division during the Allied victory at the Alma.
Battle of Alma
Commands the Second Division at Alma.
Battle of Alma
Commands the Light Division during the Alma advance.
Battle of Alma
Helps win the first major Allied battle in Crimea.
Battle of Alma
Leads the Guards and Highland brigades of the First Division as the Allies force Russian troops from the heights above the Alma.
Battle of Alma
Commands the Fourth Division during the Allied advance and fighting at the Battle of the Alma.
Battle of Alma
Defeated by the Allied forces of France and Great Britain who cross the River Alma. Chooses to fight the French and British on the River Alma on their march to Sevastopol.
Battle of Alma
Is defeated by Allied forces on the River Alma.
Siege of Sevastopol
Directs Russian forces while naval ships are scuttled and their guns and crews are used in Sevastopol's defence.
Siege of Sevastopol
Leaves Sevastopol and marches to Bakhchisarai to join up with Russian reinforcements.
Siege of Sevastopol
Oversees the Russian war effort as Sevastopol's defenders use naval guns and crews to strengthen the fortress.
Siege of Petropavlovsk
Commands HMS Virago in the Allied squadron attacking Petropavlovsk.
Invasion of Crimea
Allied troops (British, French and Ottoman) landed in the Crimea and besieged the city of Sevastopol, home of the Tsar's Black Sea Fleet which threatened the Mediterranean.
Siege of Sevastopol
Allied troops (British, French and Ottoman) landed in the Crimea and besieged the city of Sevastopol, home of the Tsar's Black Sea Fleet which threatened the Mediterranean.
Northwest Passage Expedition Returns
McClure and his surviving crew return to Britain after completing the Northwest Passage through a combination of ship voyages and overland travel.
Scuttling of Fleet
Supports sinking ships to block Sevastopol harbour.
Invasion of Crimea
The Allies land in the Crimea without any opposition from the Russian Commander.
October 185423 historical events
Death of Vladimir Kornilov
Is mortally wounded during the first major Allied bombardment of Sevastopol.
Siege of Sevastopol
The French sets up a base at Kamiesch.
Siege of Sevastopol
Begins to bombard Sevastopol.
Battle of Balaclava
Observes the Light Brigade and comments on its costly courage.
Battle of Balaclava
Commands French cavalry during the battle in which the Chasseurs d'Afrique help cover the Light Brigade's withdrawal.
Charge of Light Brigade
Carries the disputed order before being killed during the charge.
Thin Red Line
Commands Highlanders during the Thin Red Line.
Charge of Heavy Brigade
Leads the Heavy Brigade charge at Balaclava.
Battle of Balaclava
Commands the Highland Brigade.
Battle of Balaclava
Leads the Light Brigade after receiving Lucan's order during the Battle of Balaclava.
Charge of Light Brigade
Leads the Light Brigade into the Russian gun positions during the famous charge at Balaclava.
Battle of Balaclava
Transmits Raglan's cavalry order to Cardigan.
Charge of Light Brigade
Leads the Light Brigade charge against Russian guns.
Balaclava Orders
Drafts the written cavalry order that contributes to the confused sequence leading to the Charge of the Light Brigade.
Battle of Balaclava
Directs Russian forces that seize Ottoman redoubts and threaten the British supply base at Balaclava.
Battle of Balaclava
Russian forces fail to break the Allied position linking Balaclava and Sevastopol.
Battle of Balaclava
Serves with Ottoman troops defending Allied redoubts during the Russian attack at Balaclava.
Balaclava Base
Uses Balaclava as the British supply base.
Siege of Sevastopol
At the start of October, French and British engineers, moving from their base at Balaclava, began to direct the building of siege lines along the Chersonese uplands to the south of Sevastopol.
Siege of Sevastopol
Develops rifle pits and fieldworks that strengthen the Russian defence of Sevastopol.
Siege of Sevastopol
Extends fortifications around the Redan, Flagstaff Bastion and Malakoff during the siege.
Siege of Sevastopol
Constructs the Russian fortifications to defend Sevastopol.
Sevastopol Fortifications
Strengthens fieldworks around Sevastopol.
November 185420 historical events
Scutari Hospital
Arrives at Scutari to improve nursing and hospital administration.
Battle of Inkerman
Commands French forces whose reinforcements help repel the Russian attack at Inkerman.
Battle of Inkerman
Brings French reinforcements that help the British defeat the Russian attack at Inkerman.
Battle of Inkerman
Helps repel the Russian attack at Inkerman.
Battle of Inkerman
Fights at Inkerman with the Guards and is severely wounded during the Russian assault.
Battle of Inkerman
Commands Guards and Highland troops during the battle of Inkerman.
Battle of Inkerman
Leads troops in the confused fighting at Inkerman and is killed during the battle.
Battle of Inkerman
Commands the Guards Brigade after Cathcart's death and is wounded during the battle.
Battle of Inkerman
Commands the Second Division and plays a central role in holding British positions at Inkerman.
Battle of Inkerman
Leads one of the principal Russian columns attacking British positions at Inkerman and is killed in the fighting.
Battle of Inkerman
Commands a Russian column attacking the Allied positions during the battle of Inkerman.
Battle of Inkerman
Menshikov attempts to break through the besieging troops. Loses 12,000 men compared to the British 3,300.
Battle of Inkerman
Fails to break the Allied siege lines at Inkerman.
Birth of Benedict XV
Birth of Benedict XV, Giacomo della Chiesa
Imperial Concubine Yi
Elevated to the fifth rank of consorts and given the title "Imperial Concubine Yi"
Canal Concession
Grants the first concession for construction of the Suez Canal.
Sovereignty of Canal Concession
Grants de Lesseps a concession that gives a foreign company rights to build and operate the future Suez Canal.
Canal Concession
Obtains Said Pasha's concession to form a company and construct the Suez Canal.
Siege of Sevastopol
While Totleben extended the fortifications around the Redan, the Flagstaff Bastion and the Malakoff, the British chief engineer John Burgoyne sought to take the Malakoff, which he saw as the key to Sevastopol.
Crimean Winter
Faces supply collapse during the first Crimean winter.
December 18543 historical events
Peace
Britain, France, Austria and Prussia agree peace between the Russian and Ottoman Empires.
Ørsted Government
The Ørsted Government ends in Copenhagen, concluding this term as Prime Minister of Denmark.
Bang Premiership
Begins the Bang Premiership in Copenhagen and serves as Prime Minister of Denmark.
Peoria Speech
Lincoln attacks the Kansas Nebraska Act and the spread of slavery in his Peoria speech
Anti-Slavery Coaltion
Lincoln condemns the Kansas Nebraska Act and argues against the expansion of slavery
Kansas Nebraska Act
Lincoln returns to politics after passage of the Kansas Nebraska Act
Anti-Slavery Coaltion
Kansas Nebraska Act helps unite anti slavery Whigs Free Soilers and Democrats against the spread of slavery
Anti-Slavery Coaltion
Anti slavery opponents in Illinois organize against the Kansas Nebraska Act
Anti-Slavery Coaltion
Lincoln campaigns against the extension of slavery into western territories
Anti-Slavery Coaltion
Anti Nebraska candidates gain support in Illinois politics after Lincolns return to public debate
Sistema Economico y Rentistico de la Confederacion
Publication of "Sistema Economico y Rentistico de la Confederacion"
Marriage
Franz Josef marries Elizabeth, 1st cousin & daughter of Duke Maximilian of Bavaria
Marriage
Franz Josef marries Elizabeth, 1st cousin & daughter of Duke Maximilian of Bavaria
Neutrality
Austria refuses to support either the Allies or the Russians and alienates both.
Political Support
Austria refuses to support either the Allies or the Russians and alienates both.
Birth of Franz Rohr von Denta Straussenberg
Born in Arad, Kingdom of Hungary, Austrian Empire (modern-day Romania), in 1854 as Franz Denta
Birth of Vasil Radoslavov
Birth of Vasil Radoslavov
Political Coalition
Leads a Conservative coalition ministry before Confederation.
Political Coalition
Leads a coalition ministry with Allan MacNab in the Province of Canada.
Suez Canal
As stipulated in the concessions, de Lesseps convenes the International Commission for the piercing of the isthmus of Suez (Commission Internationale pour le percement de l'isthme des Suez) consisting of 13 experts from seven countries, among them John Robinson McClean, later President of the Institution
Suez Canal
Ferdinand de Lesseps obtains a concession from Said Pasha, the Khedive of Egypt and Sudan, to create a company to construct a canal open to ships of all nations.
Suez Canal
of Civil Engineers in London, and again Negrelli, to examine the plans developed by Linant de Bellefonds, and to advise on the feasibility of and the best route for the canal
Black Sea Fleet
Commands the French Black Sea fleet during the opening Allied campaign against Russia.
Baltic Fleet
Leads France's Baltic squadron during joint operations intended to pressure Russian naval bases and coastal fortifications.
Siege of Sevastopol
Commands a French division during the opening stages of the siege of Sevastopol.
Siege of Sevastopol
Commands French troops in the Crimean expedition and siege operations around Sevastopol.
Major General
Appointed Major General
Succession
Succeeds as King of Saxony
Revolutionary Spain
Marx publishes a series analysing Spanish political history and revolutionary conflict.
Death of Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling
Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling dies in Bad Ragaz, Switzerland.
Major General
Appointed Major General
Admiral
Appointed Admiral of the Navy
Major General
Appointed Major General
Crystal Palace
The Crystal Palace is relocated to Sydenham, south London
Hard Times
Publication of "Hard Times"
Governor
Appointed Lieutenant Governor of South Africa
Governor
Appointed Governor General of Canada
President of the Council
Appointed President of the Council
Blockade of Greece
Causes outrage by blockading Greece in order to secure compensation for Don Pacifico
Causes outrage by blockading Greece in order to secure compensation for Don
Causes outrage by blockading Greece in order to secure compensation for Don Pacifico
Greek Ports Blockaded over Don Pacifico
British naval pressure on Greece is used to force settlement of the Don Pacifico compensation dispute.
Floating Gun Batteries
Brunel submits designs for floating gun batteries intended for use during the Crimean War.
Great Eastern Side-Launch Method Planned
Because of the ship's enormous length and the narrow Thames, Brunel plans to launch Great Eastern sideways.
Royal Albert Bridge Works Restarted
Major construction restarts on the Tamar railway bridge after the earlier preliminary phase.
Discovery of Cholera Cure
Removes a pump from Soho & reduces cholera, reinforces theory cholera is in water
Suez Canal
The commission comprised 13 experts from seven countries, including John Robinson McClean, later president of the Institution of Civil Engineers, and Alois Negrelli.
Suez Canal
They examined Linant de Bellefonds's plans and advised on the canal's feasibility and best route.
Suez Canal
Under the concessions, Ferdinand de Lesseps convened the International Commission for the Piercing of the Isthmus of Suez.
Baltic Fleet
Commands British naval operations in the Baltic.
Black Sea Fleet
Serves in naval operations supporting the Crimean expedition.
Siege of Sevastopol
Conducts the Blockade of Sevastopol.
Medical Reform
Supports sending nurses and reforming military hospitals.
War Reporting
Reports British army hardship for The Times.
Baltic Raids
Leads a British squadron attacking Russian coastal stores and shipping in the Gulf of Bothnia.
Crimean War Art
Travels to the war and records military positions, camps and battlefields for the illustrated press.
Bomarsund Reconnaissance
Conducts aggressive reconnaissance and naval operations around Bomarsund during the Baltic campaign.
Army Nutrition
Begins proposing improved cooking and food arrangements for British troops after reports of suffering in Crimea.
Military Sanitation
Becomes involved in plans to investigate and improve sanitation in military hospitals serving the Crimean campaign.
Crimean Administration
Serves as Adjutant General and helps administer the British expeditionary army during the Crimean campaign.
Bomarsund Shell Incident
Throws a live Russian shell overboard aboard HMS Hecla during operations at Bomarsund, an action later recognised with the Victoria Cross.
Crimean Photography
Receives support to photograph the war, preparing for a pioneering photographic expedition to Crimea.
Army Medical Services
Serves as senior British army medical officer during the campaign and confronts severe shortages, disease and hospital overcrowding.
Black Sea Fleet
Commands the British Black Sea fleet during the opening year of Anglo-French operations against Russia.
Promotion to Captain
McClintock is promoted to captain after returning from years of intensive Arctic searching and sledging operations.
Bóbrka Oil Well
Helps establish one of the world's earliest modern oil wells.
Early Petroleum Industry
Begins organized petroleum extraction supporting a new regional industry.
Defence of Bomarsund
Commands the Russian fortress of Bomarsund before surrendering to the Anglo-French expedition.
Siege of Silistria
Serves with Russian forces during the unsuccessful campaign against the Ottoman fortress of Silistria.
Invasion of Moldova
Crosses the Danube and besieges Silistria.
Defence of Sevastopol
Commands defensive positions around the Malakoff during the siege of Sevastopol.
Invasion of Moldova
The Tsar sends his troops into Moldova and Wallachia (the "Danubian Principalities"), Great Britain, seeking to maintain the security of the Ottoman Empire, sends a fleet to the Dardanelles, where it joined another fleet sent by France.
Invasion of Wallachia
The Tsar sends his troops into Moldova and Wallachia (the "Danubian Principalities"), Great Britain, seeking to maintain the security of the Ottoman Empire, sends a fleet to the Dardanelles, where it joined another fleet sent by France.
Defence of Sevastopol
Organises the naval contribution to Sevastopol's defence after the Allied landing in Crimea.
Birth of Alexander Samsonov
Birth of Alexander Samsonov
Defence of Silistria
Leads part of the Ottoman defence during the Russian siege of Silistria.
Manifesto
Helps draft the Ostend Manifesto
Republican Party
Republican Party begins forming as an anti slavery coalition that Lincoln later joins
Education
Admitted to the bar
Education
Graduates from West Point, Thirteenth out 46
Second Lieutenant
Appointed 2nd Lieutenant in the US Mounted Rifles
Edwardes Advocates Afghan Rapprochement
Herbert Edwardes urges the British administration in Punjab to pursue better relations with Dost Mohammad Khan.
British Afghan Treaty Talks Begin
Edwardes helps develop negotiations intended to replace earlier Anglo Afghan hostility with peaceful relations.
Edwardes Advocates Afghan Rapprochement
Herbert Edwardes urges the British administration in Punjab to pursue better relations with Dost Mohammad Khan.
British Afghan Treaty Talks Begin
Edwardes helps develop negotiations intended to replace earlier Anglo Afghan hostility with peaceful relations.