1863 in History

Allies with Austria after declaration of Danish union over Schleswig-Holstein

Lincoln sends his third annual message to Congress

Lincoln signs legislation organizing Arizona Territory

George I arrives in Athens to begin his reign.

Marches the Unionists through Georgia & takes Atlanta 1 Sept & Savannah 22 Dec

Dost Mohammad captures Herat and reunifies most of Afghanistan under his government.

Marches the Unionists through Georgia & takes Atlanta 1 Sept & Savannah 22 Dec

Captures Vicksburg

National Banking Act creates the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency

The November Constitution establishes a shared law of succession and a common Parliament for both Schleswig and Denmark

The House of Deputies passes a resolution declaring that it could no longer come to terms with Bismarck, the King dissolves the Diet, accusing it of trying to obtain unconstitutional control over the ministry

Allies with Austria after the Danish King declares unification with Schleswig-Holst

Succeeds Said Pasha while construction of the Suez Canal remains underway.

The House makes repeated calls to the King to dismiss Bismarck, but the King supports him as he feared that if he dismissed him, a liberal ministry would follow. Bismarck's supporters do poorly in the elections in which a liberal coalition (whose primary member was the Progress Party) win over two-thirds of the seats in the House

The National Assembly elects Prince William of Denmark as King George I.

Lincoln issues the final Emancipation Proclamation

Lincoln issues the Emancipation Proclamation freeing enslaved people in rebellious areas

The Second Hall Government ends in Copenhagen, concluding this term as Council President of Denmark.

Emancipation policy makes foreign recognition of the Confederacy less likely

Lincoln arrives in Gettysburg before the cemetery dedication ceremony

Lincoln attends the dedication of the Soldiers National Cemetery at Gettysburg

Lincoln calls for a new birth of freedom and renewed dedication to preserving the Union

Lincoln delivers the Gettysburg Address at the dedication of the Soldiers National Cemetery

Lincoln honors Union dead and links their sacrifice to the survival of democratic government

Lincoln redefines the Civil War as a struggle for Union and a new birth of freedom

Lincoln speaks after Edward Everett at the Gettysburg cemetery dedication ceremony

Lincoln signs legislation organizing Idaho Territory

Allies with Austria after declaration of Danish union over Schleswig-Holstein

Saxon and Hanoverian troops march into Holstein on behalf of the Confederation

Saxon and Hanoverian troops march into Holstein on behalf of the Confederation

Succeeds Said Pasha as Wali of Egypt and claims the higher title of Khedive.

Appointed Lieutenant Colonel with a force of 4,000 Chinese

Opens the London Underground

Marries Alexandra, eldest daughter of King Christian IX of Denmark

Becomes first chairman of Matica Slovenska.

Fowler helps open the Metropolitan Railway, the world's first underground passenger railway.

Begins the Monrad Government in Copenhagen and serves as Council President of Denmark.

Lincoln signs the act incorporating the National Academy of Sciences

The National Banking Act creates federally chartered banks and a uniform banknote system.

Lincoln signs the National Banking Act creating a system of national banks

The United States observes a national Thanksgiving Day under Lincolns proclamation

The November Constitution establishes a shared law of succession and a common Parliament for both Schleswig and Denmark

Christian IX signs the November Constitution

Conflict arose due to the passing of the November Constitution, which integrated the Duchy of Schleswig into the Danish kingdom in violation of the London Protocol

The November Constitution establishes a shared law of succession and a common Parliament for both Schleswig and Denmark

Begins a one-year term as President of the Swiss Confederation.

Appointed President of Venezuela after the Federal War

Bans all publications intended to bring the crown, state or Church into disrepute

Kogalniceanu becomes prime minister and leads a major reform programme.

Vicksburg falls to Union control, giving the Union command of a crucial section of the Mississippi River.

The November Constitution establishes a shared law of succession and a common Parliament for both Schleswig and Denmark

Allies with Austria after declaration of Danish unity over Schleswig-Holstein

Kogalniceanu's government secularises extensive monastic estates.

Marches the Unionists through Georgia & takes Atlanta 1 Sept & Savannah 22 Dec

Kagoshima is bombarded by the British Royal Navy to punish the Satsuma daimyo for the murder of Charles Lennox Richardson on the Tokaido highway

Marches the Unionists through Georgia & takes Atlanta 1 Sept & Savannah 22 Dec

Takes command of the siege. A Confederate communications centre 235 miles North of New Orleans

Vicksburg surrenders to the Unionists under Grant. Accepts Confederate surrender under Lt General Pemberton

Attempts to capture Vicksburg but fails

Fails for a 2nd time to capture Vicksburg, Grant takes personal command of the siege

Surrenders Vicksburg to the Unionists with 25,000 & 90 guns

Surrenders Confederate forces to the Union forces under General Grant

Emancipation Proclamation changes the Civil War into a war for Union and freedom

Accepts Confederate surrender under Lt General Pemberton

Lincoln announces a reconstruction plan for loyal governments in former Confederate states

Lincoln issues a proclamation establishing a national Thanksgiving observance

Lincoln selects Council Bluffs as the eastern terminus for the Union Pacific railroad

The Treaty of Coche ended the Federal War and provided for a national assembly.

Succeeds Said Pasha as Wali and begins an ambitious modernization programme.

West Virginia becomes the 35th state of the Union

Birth of David Lloyd George

Birth of Franz Ferdinand

Birth of Leopold Berchtold

Born in Cologne, son of a teacher

Dost Mohammad dies shortly after securing Herat.

Accidentally killed by one of his soldiers bullets

The only purely cavalry Battle of the war. Stuarts lines are attacked by General Pleasanton but hold out

Union troops capture Missionary Ridge during the Battle of Chattanooga

1-12 June, sees General Lee delay General Grants advance into Virginia

1-4 July, Union victory marking the turning point of the war

Vicksburg surrenders to the Unionists under Grant