Historical events in 1864

185 historical records

January 18643 historical events

1864, January 1st ยท Switzerland ยท Bern ยท Government ยท Government of Switzerland ยท Jakob Dubs

President of Switzerland

Begins a one-year term as President of the Swiss Confederation.

1864, January 16th ยท Denmark ยท Warfare ยท Schleswig War, 2nd ยท Christian IX

November Constitution

Bismarck issued an ultimatum to Denmark demanding that the November Constitution should be abolished within 48 hours

1864, January 16th ยท Germany ยท Warfare ยท Schleswig War, 2nd ยท Otto Eduard Leopold Furst von Bismarck-Schonhausen

November Constitution

Bismarck issues an ultimatum to Denmark demanding that the November Constitution should be abolished within 48 hours

February 186418 historical events

1864, February 1st ยท Germany ยท Lauenburg ยท Warfare ยท Schleswig War, 2nd ยท Otto Eduard Leopold Furst von Bismarck-Schonhausen

Invasion of Lauenburg

The Danish President Carl Christian Hall drafts the 'November Constitution' to link Schleswig more closely to the Danish kingdom, he sparks German protests, and troops of the German Confederation occupy Holstein and Lauenburg

1864, February 1st ยท Germany ยท Schleswig ยท Warfare ยท Schleswig War, 2nd ยท Otto Eduard Leopold Furst von Bismarck-Schonhausen

Invasion of Schleswig

The Danish President Carl Christian Hall drafts the 'November Constitution' to link Schleswig more closely to the Danish kingdom, he sparks German protests, and troops of the German Confederation occupy Holstein and Lauenburg

1864, February 3rd ยท Denmark ยท Konigshugel ยท Warfare ยท Schleswig War, 2nd ยท Christian Julius De Meza

Battle of Konigshugel

In the Battle of Konigshugel Austrian forces commanded by General Gondrecourt push the Danes back to the Dannevirke

1864, February 3rd ยท Denmark ยท Konigshugel ยท Warfare ยท Schleswig War, 2nd ยท Christian IX

Battle of Konigshugel

In the Battle of Konigshugel Austrian forces commanded by General Gondrecourt push the Danes back to the Dannevirke

1864, February 5th ยท Denmark ยท Konigshugel ยท Warfare ยท Schleswig War, 2nd ยท Christian Julius De Meza

Battle of Konigshugel

De Meza abandons the Dannevirke and withdraws to Flensburg; 600 men are captured or killed, he is also forced to abandon important heavy artillery

1864, February 6th ยท Austria ยท Flensburg ยท Warfare ยท Schleswig War, 2nd ยท Ludwig Karl Wilhelm von Gablenz

Capture of Flensburg

The Austrians under Ludwig Karl Wilhelm von Gablenz marched north from Flensburg

1864, February 6th ยท Denmark ยท Sankelmark ยท Warfare ยท Schleswig War, 2nd ยท Max Muller

Battle of Sankelmark

The Austrians are stopped from halting the Danish retreat

1864, February 6th ยท Denmark ยท Arnis ยท Warfare ยท Schleswig War, 2nd ยท Christian Julius De Meza

Battle of Arnis

The Prussians cross the frozen Schlei at Arnis and defeat the Danes

1864, February 6th ยท Denmark ยท Dannevirke ยท Warfare ยท Schleswig War, 2nd ยท Christian Julius De Meza

Capture of Dannevirke

The loss of the Dannevirke without a fight which had played a big role in Danish national mythology causes a shock in Denmark and de Meza has to resign from the supreme command

1864, February 7th ยท United States of America ยท Washington DC ยท Government ยท Republican Party Government ยท Abraham Lincoln

Northern Pacific Railway Charter

Lincoln signs legislation chartering the Northern Pacific Railway

1864, February 7th ยท United States of America ยท Central Pacific Railroad ยท Government ยท Republican Party Government ยท Abraham Lincoln

Pacific Railway Act Amendments

Amendments strengthen support for Central Pacific construction eastward from California

1864, February 7th ยท United States of America ยท Transcontinental Railroad ยท Government ยท Republican Party Government ยท Abraham Lincoln

Pacific Railway Act Amendments

Amended law accelerates work toward completing the first transcontinental railroad

1864, February 7th ยท United States of America ยท Union Pacific Railroad ยท Government ยท Republican Party Government ยท Abraham Lincoln

Pacific Railway Act Amendments

Amendments increase support for Union Pacific construction westward from the Missouri River

1864, February 7th ยท United States of America ยท Washington DC ยท Government ยท Republican Party Government ยท Abraham Lincoln

Pacific Railway Act Amendments

Lincoln signs amendments expanding support for the transcontinental railroad project

1864, February 7th ยท United States of America ยท Washington DC ยท Government ยท Republican Party Government ยท Abraham Lincoln

Pacific Railway Act Amendments

Lincoln signs amendments strengthening federal support for the transcontinental railroad

1864, February 7th ยท United States of America ยท Western Territories ยท Government ยท Republican Party Government ยท Abraham Lincoln

Pacific Railway Act Amendments

Federal land grants and bonds encourage railroad construction across the western territories

1864, February 18th ยท Denmark ยท Kolding ยท Warfare ยท Schleswig War, 2nd ยท Christian IX

Capture of Kolding

Some Prussian hussars, in the excitement of a cavalry skirmish, cross the north frontier of Schleswig into Denmark and occupy the town of Kolding

1864, February 18th ยท Denmark ยท Kolding ยท Warfare ยท Schleswig War, 2nd ยท Christian IX

Invasion of Denmark

Some Prussian hussars, in the excitement of a cavalry skirmish, cross the north frontier of Schleswig into Denmark and occupy the town of Kolding

March 18645 historical events

1864, March 6th ยท United States of America ยท Washington DC ยท Government ยท Republican Party Government ยท Abraham Lincoln

National Bank Act

Lincoln signs the National Bank Act revising the national banking system

1864, March 15th ยท Germany ยท Dybbol ยท Warfare ยท Schleswig-Holstein War ยท Frederick Charles

Siege of Dybbol

Begins the siege of Dybbol, Denmark

1864, March 22nd ยท Denmark ยท Warfare ยท Schleswig War, 2nd ยท Christian IX

Invasion of Denmark

A new agreement is signed between the powers under which the compacts of 1852 are declared invalid

1864, March 22nd ยท Denmark ยท Warfare ยท Schleswig War, 2nd ยท Christian IX

Invasion of Denmark

The status of the Duchies within the Danish monarchy are subjected to a new understanding

1864, March 28th ยท Venezuela ยท Caracas ยท Government ยท Government of Venezuela ยท Juan Crisostomo Falcon

Federal Constitution

The Federal Constitution reorganized the country as the United States of Venezuela.

April 18645 historical events

1864, April 7th ยท United States of America ยท Washington DC ยท Government ยท Republican Party Government ยท Abraham Lincoln

Commissioner of Immigration

Immigration Act creates federal machinery to encourage immigrant labor and settlement

1864, April 7th ยท United States of America ยท Washington DC ยท Government ยท Republican Party Government ยท Abraham Lincoln

Immigration Act

Lincoln signs legislation encouraging immigration to the United States

1864, April 10th ยท Mexico ยท Mexico City ยท Government ยท Government of Mexico ยท Maximilian I

Succession

Puppet of Napoleon III who wishes to establish a Catholic Empire in Mexico

1864, April 18th ยท Germany ยท Dybbol ยท Warfare ยท Schleswig-Holstein War ยท Frederick Charles

Siege of Dybbol

Wins a major victory by capturing the fortress of Dybbol

1864, April 25th ยท Denmark ยท Fredericia ยท Warfare ยท Schleswig War, 2nd ยท Niels Christian Lunding

Siege of Fredericia

The Danish army commanded by General Niels Christian Lunding, on direct order from the Minister of War, abandons Fredericia, which was besieged by Austrians

May 186410 historical events

1864, May 2nd ยท Romania ยท Bucharest ยท Government ยท Government of Romania ยท Alexandru Ioan Cuza

May Coup

Cuza dissolves the assembly and strengthens executive authority through a plebiscitary settlement.

1864, May 11th ยท Great Britain ยท London ยท Government ยท Liberal Party Government ยท William Ewart Gladstone

Franchise

Supports a wider franchise despite warnings by Palmerston not to commit the Government

1864, May 11th ยท Great Britain ยท London ยท Government ยท Liberal Party Government ยท William Ewart Gladstone

Franchise

Supports a wider franchise to include the northern towns

1864, May 11th ยท Great Britain ยท London ยท Government ยท Liberal Party Government ยท William Ewart Gladstone

Reform of Electoral System

Supports a wider franchise to include the northern towns. Supports a wider franchise despite warnings by Palmerston not to commit the Government

1864, May 11th ยท United States of America ยท Warfare ยท Civil War ยท James Ewell Brown Stewart

Death of James Ewell Brown Stewart

Death of James Ewell Brown, killed in battle

1864, May 11th ยท United States of America ยท Richmond ยท Warfare ยท Civil War ยท James Ewell Brown Stewart

Siege of Richmond

Killed in battle as the Confederates are driven from Richmond

1864, May 12th ยท Denmark ยท London ยท Warfare ยท Schleswig War, 2nd ยท Christian IX

Conference of London

The Conference of London leads to a ceasefire, which soon breaks down, as as there is not an agreement on territorial oundaries

1864, May 12th ยท Germany ยท London ยท Warfare ยท Schleswig War, 2nd ยท Otto Eduard Leopold Furst von Bismarck-Schonhausen

Conference of London

The Conference of London leads to a ceasefire, which soon breaks down, as as there is not an agreement on territorial oundaries

1864, May 21st ยท Greece ยท Corfu ยท Government ยท Government of Greece ยท Konstantinos Kanaris

Union of Ionian Islands

The government incorporates the Ionian Islands into the Kingdom of Greece.

1864, May ยท Romania ยท Bucharest ยท Government ยท Government of Romania ยท Alexandru Ioan Cuza

Statute Expanding the Paris Convention

Cuza introduces a constitutional statute creating a Senate and strengthening the executive.

June 186410 historical events

1864, June 11th ยท Austria ยท Arts ยท Classical Music ยท Richard Strauss

Birth of Richard Strauss

Birth of Richard Strauss

1864, June 12th ยท United States of America ยท Washington DC ยท Government ยท Republican Party Government ยท Abraham Lincoln

Annual Message to Congress

Lincoln sends his fourth annual message to Congress

1864, June 22nd ยท Canada ยท Quebec ยท Government ยท Government of Canada ยท George-Etienne Cartier

Great Coalition

Supports Confederation through the Great Coalition.

1864, June 22nd ยท Canada ยท Quebec ยท Government ยท Government of Canada ยท John Alexander Macdonald

Great Coalition

Helps form the Great Coalition to pursue Confederation.

1864, June 22nd ยท Canada ยท Quebec ยท Government ยท Government of Canada ยท George Brown

Great Coalition

Joins Macdonald and Cartier in the Great Coalition for Confederation.

1864, June 24th ยท Germany ยท London ยท Warfare ยท Schleswig War, 2nd ยท Otto Eduard Leopold Furst von Bismarck-Schonhausen

Conference of London

Seeing that the truce was ending, Austria and Prussia arrived at a new agreement, that the war was to completely separate the duchies from Denmark

1864, June 25th ยท Denmark ยท Warfare ยท Schleswig War, 2nd ยท Christian IX

Conference of London

The conference of London breaks up without having arrived at any conclusion

1864, June 25th ยท Germany ยท London ยท Warfare ยท Schleswig War, 2nd ยท Otto Eduard Leopold Furst von Bismarck-Schonhausen

Conference of London

The conference in London breaks up without having arrived at any conclusion

1864, June 30th ยท Denmark ยท Holstein ยท Warfare ยท Schleswig War, 2nd ยท Christian IX

Invasion of Holstein

The Prince's Life Regiment was the last unit of the Danish army to leave Schleswig and Holstein

1864, June 30th ยท Denmark ยท Schleswig ยท Warfare ยท Schleswig War, 2nd ยท Christian IX

Invasion of Schleswig

The Prince's Life Regiment was the last unit of the Danish army to leave Schleswig and Holstein

July 18646 historical events

1864, July 3rd ยท Denmark ยท Lundby ยท Warfare ยท Schleswig War, 2nd ยท Charles Beck

Battle of Lundby

A Danish force commanded by Lieutenant Colonel Charles Beck attacks a Prussian force, last battle of the Second Schleswig War

1864, July 10th ยท China ยท Nanking ยท Warfare ยท Military ยท Tseng Kuo-fan

Capture of Nanking

Captures Nanking which brings the Taiping rebellion to an end

1864, July 10th ยท China ยท Nanking ยท Warfare ยท Taiping Rebellion ยท Tung Chih

Capture of Nanking

Suppresses the Taiping rebellion with western help

1864, July 11th ยท Denmark ยท Copenhagen ยท Government ยท Government of Denmark ยท Christian Albrecht Bluhme

Second Bluhme Government

Begins the Second Bluhme Government in Copenhagen and serves as Council President of Denmark.

1864, July 11th ยท Denmark ยท Copenhagen ยท Government ยท Government of Denmark ยท Ditlev Gothard Monrad

Monrad Government

The Monrad Government ends in Copenhagen, concluding this term as Council President of Denmark.

1864, July 18th ยท Great Britain ยท Cowling ยท Politics ยท Independent Labour Party ยท Philip Snowden Snowden, 1st

Birth of Philip Snowden

Birth of Philip Snowden

August 186412 historical events

1864, August 1st ยท Denmark ยท Warfare ยท Schleswig War, 2nd ยท Christian IX

Peace Treaty

The preliminaries of a peace treaty are signed, the King of Denmark renounces all his rights in the duchies in favour of the Emperor of Austria and the King of Prussia

1864, August 1st ยท Denmark ยท Holstein ยท Warfare ยท Schleswig War, 2nd ยท Christian IX

Rule of Holstein

The preliminaries of a peace treaty are signed, the King of Denmark renounces all his rights in the duchies in favour of the Emperor of Austria and the King of Prussia

1864, August 1st ยท Denmark ยท Schleswig ยท Warfare ยท Schleswig War, 2nd ยท Christian IX

Rule of Schleswig

The preliminaries of a peace treaty are signed, the King of Denmark renounces all his rights in the duchies in favour of the Emperor of Austria and the King of Prussia

1864, August 1st ยท Germany ยท Warfare ยท Schleswig War, 2nd ยท Otto Eduard Leopold Furst von Bismarck-Schonhausen

Peace Treaty

The preliminaries of a peace treaty are signed, the King of Denmark renounces all his rights in the duchies in favour of the Emperor of Austria and the King of Prussia

1864, August 1st ยท Germany ยท Holstein ยท Warfare ยท Schleswig War, 2nd ยท Otto Eduard Leopold Furst von Bismarck-Schonhausen

Rule of Holstein

The preliminaries of a peace treaty are signed, the King of Denmark renounces all his rights in the duchies in favour of the Emperor of Austria and the King of Prussia

1864, August 1st ยท Germany ยท Schleswig ยท Warfare ยท Schleswig War, 2nd ยท Otto Eduard Leopold Furst von Bismarck-Schonhausen

Rule of Schleswig

The preliminaries of a peace treaty are signed, the King of Denmark renounces all his rights in the duchies in favour of the Emperor of Austria and the King of Prussia

1864, August 6th ยท United States of America ยท Baltimore ยท Government ยท National Union Party Government ยท Abraham Lincoln

National Union Nomination

National Union Convention nominates Lincoln for a 2nd term

1864, August 11th ยท United States of America ยท United States of America ยท Government ยท National Union Party Government ยท Abraham Lincoln

Presidential Election

Lincoln is reelected President on the National Union ticket

1864, August 11th ยท United States of America ยท United States of America ยท Government ยท Republican Party Government ยท Abraham Lincoln

Presidential Election

Lincoln wins reelection as President of the United States

1864, August ยท Japan ยท Warfare ยท Civil War ยท Komei

Alliance Satsuma clan and Komei

The Satsuma clan makes a temporary alliance with Komei to prevent Choshu victory

1864, August ยท Japan ยท Kyoto ยท Warfare ยท Civil War ยท Komei

Siege of Imperial Palace

The Emperor is safe but at great cost to the surrounding Imperial Park. The Choshu siege is repulsed. The Choshu march on the Palace to hold Komei hostage until foreigners are expelled

1864, August ยท Romania ยท Bucharest ยท Government ยท Government of Romania ยท Mihail Kogalniceanu

Agrarian Reform

Kogalniceanu implements agrarian reform that emancipates peasants from feudal obligations.

September 18647 historical events

1864, September 1st ยท Canada ยท Charlottetown ยท Government ยท Government of Canada ยท George-Etienne Cartier

Charlottetown Conference

Represents Canada East during Confederation discussions at Charlottetown.

1864, September 1st ยท Canada ยท Charlottetown ยท Government ยท Government of Canada ยท George Brown

Charlottetown Conference

Argues for federal union at the Charlottetown Conference.

1864, September 1st ยท Canada ยท Charlottetown ยท Government ยท Government of Canada ยท John Alexander Macdonald

Charlottetown Conference

Attends the Charlottetown Conference where Confederation is discussed.

1864, September 1st ยท Great Britain ยท Ulster ยท Politics ยท Liberal Party ยท Roger Casement

Birth of Roger Casement

Birth of Roger Casement

1864, September 19th ยท United States of America ยท Opequon Creek ยท Warfare ยท Civil War ยท Jubal Early

Battle of Opequon Creek

Removes the Shenandoah Valley from the remainder of the war. Defeated by Confederates under General Philip Sheridan near Winchester, Virginia

1864, September 19th ยท United States of America ยท Opequon Creek ยท Warfare ยท Civil War ยท Philip Sheridan

Battle of Opequon Creek

Removes the Shenandoah Valley from the remainder of the war. Leads Union victory over General Early in Virginia

1864, September 28th ยท Germany ยท London ยท Humanities ยท Philosophy ยท Karl Heinrich Marx

First International

Marx participates in founding the International Workingmen's Association.

October 186422 historical events

1864, October 3rd ยท United States of America ยท Washington DC ยท Warfare ยท Civil War ยท Abraham Lincoln

General in Chief

Lincoln assigns Ulysses S Grant to command the armies of the United States

1864, October 10th ยท Canada ยท Quebec ยท Government ยท Government of Canada ยท George-Etienne Cartier

Quebec Conference

Defends provincial powers during the Quebec Conference.

1864, October 10th ยท Canada ยท Quebec ยท Government ยท Government of Canada ยท John Alexander Macdonald

Quebec Conference

Helps draft the Quebec Resolutions for Confederation.

1864, October 30th ยท Austria ยท Holstein ยท Warfare ยท Schleswig War, 2nd ยท Franz Josef I

Rule of Holstein

In the Treaty of Vienna Denmark cedes Schleswig, Holstein and Lauenburg to Prussia and Austria

1864, October 30th ยท Austria ยท Lauenburg ยท Warfare ยท Schleswig War, 2nd ยท Franz Josef I

Rule of Lauenburg

In the Treaty of Vienna Denmark cedes Schleswig, Holstein and Lauenburg to Prussia and Austria

1864, October 30th ยท Austria ยท Schleswig ยท Warfare ยท Schleswig War, 2nd ยท Franz Josef I

Rule of Schleswig

In the Treaty of Vienna Denmark cedes Schleswig, Holstein and Lauenburg to Prussia and Austria

1864, October 30th ยท Austria ยท Vienna ยท Warfare ยท Schleswig War, 2nd ยท Franz Josef I

Treaty of Vienna

In the Treaty of Vienna Denmark cedes Schleswig, Holstein and Lauenburg to Prussia and Austria

1864, October 30th ยท Denmark ยท Holstein ยท Warfare ยท Schleswig War, 2nd ยท Christian IX

Rule of Holstein

In the Treaty of Vienna Denmark cedes Schleswig, Holstein and Lauenburg to Prussia and Austria

1864, October 30th ยท Denmark ยท Lauenburg ยท Warfare ยท Schleswig War, 2nd ยท Christian IX

Rule of Lauenburg

In the Treaty of Vienna Denmark cedes Schleswig, Holstein and Lauenburg to Prussia and Austria

1864, October 30th ยท Denmark ยท Schleswig ยท Warfare ยท Schleswig War, 2nd ยท Christian IX

Rule of Schleswig

In the Treaty of Vienna Denmark cedes Schleswig, Holstein and Lauenburg to Prussia and Austria

1864, October 30th ยท Denmark ยท Vienna ยท Warfare ยท Schleswig War, 2nd ยท Christian IX

Treaty of Vienna

As a result of the peace settlement, the land area of the Danish monarchy decreased by 40% and the total population reduced from 2.6 million to 1.6 million (about 38.5%). The Danish frontier had retreated about 250 km as measured from the furthest corner of the Duchy of Lauenburg to the new frontier on the Kongea river

1864, October 30th ยท Denmark ยท Vienna ยท Warfare ยท Schleswig War, 2nd ยท Christian IX

Treaty of Vienna

In the Treaty of Vienna Denmark cedes Schleswig, Holstein and Lauenburg to Prussia and Austria

1864, October 30th ยท Germany ยท Holstein ยท Warfare ยท Schleswig War, 2nd ยท Otto Eduard Leopold Furst von Bismarck-Schonhausen

Rule of Holstein

In the Treaty of Vienna Denmark cedes Schleswig, Holstein and Lauenburg to Prussia and Austria

1864, October 30th ยท Germany ยท Holstein ยท Warfare ยท Schleswig War, 2nd ยท Otto Eduard Leopold Furst von Bismarck-Schonhausen

Rule of Holstein

The war ends with the Treaty of Vienna and Denmark's cession of the Duchies of Schleswig, Holstein and Lauenburg to Prussia and Austria

1864, October 30th ยท Germany ยท Lauenburg ยท Warfare ยท Schleswig War, 2nd ยท Otto Eduard Leopold Furst von Bismarck-Schonhausen

Rule of Lauenburg

In the Treaty of Vienna Denmark cedes Schleswig, Holstein and Lauenburg to Prussia and Austria

1864, October 30th ยท Germany ยท Lauenburg ยท Warfare ยท Schleswig War, 2nd ยท Otto Eduard Leopold Furst von Bismarck-Schonhausen

Rule of Lauenburg

The war ends with the Treaty of Vienna and Denmark's cession of the Duchies of Schleswig, Holstein and Lauenburg to Prussia and Austria

1864, October 30th ยท Germany ยท Schleswig ยท Warfare ยท Schleswig War, 2nd ยท Otto Eduard Leopold Furst von Bismarck-Schonhausen

Rule of Schleswig

In the Treaty of Vienna Denmark cedes Schleswig, Holstein and Lauenburg to Prussia and Austria

1864, October 30th ยท Germany ยท Schleswig ยท Warfare ยท Schleswig War, 2nd ยท Otto Eduard Leopold Furst von Bismarck-Schonhausen

Rule of Schleswig

The war ends with the Treaty of Vienna and Denmark's cession of the Duchies of Schleswig, Holstein and Lauenburg to Prussia and Austria

1864, October 30th ยท Germany ยท Vienna ยท Warfare ยท Schleswig War, 2nd ยท Otto Eduard Leopold Furst von Bismarck-Schonhausen

Treaty of Vienna

In the Treaty of Vienna Denmark cedes Schleswig, Holstein and Lauenburg to Prussia and Austria

1864, October 30th ยท Germany ยท Vienna ยท Warfare ยท Schleswig War, 2nd ยท Otto Eduard Leopold Furst von Bismarck-Schonhausen

Treaty of Vienna

The war ends with the Treaty of Vienna and Denmark's cession of the Duchies of Schleswig, Holstein and Lauenburg to Prussia and Austria

1864, October ยท Germany ยท London ยท Humanities ยท Philosophy ยท Karl Heinrich Marx

Inaugural Address of the First International

Marx drafts the association's inaugural address linking political organisation with workers' emancipation.

1864, October ยท Germany ยท London ยท Humanities ยท Philosophy ยท Karl Heinrich Marx

Provisional Rules of the First International

Marx prepares organisational rules for the International Workingmen's Association.

November 18644 historical events

1864, November 12th ยท Paraguay ยท Paraguay River ยท Warfare ยท War of the Triple Alliance ยท Francisco Solano Lopez

Marques de Olinda Capture

Orders the seizure of the Brazilian steamer Marques de Olinda.

1864, November 17th ยท Greece ยท Athens ยท Government ยท Government of Greece ยท George Glucksburg George I

Constitution of 1864 Promulgated

George I promulgates a constitution restoring popular sovereignty and a unicameral parliament.

1864, November 19th ยท Germany ยท London ยท Humanities ยท Philosophy ยท Karl Heinrich Marx

Letter to Abraham Lincoln on Re-Election

Drafts an International Workingmen's Association address congratulating Abraham Lincoln on his re-election.

1864, November 22nd ยท Germany ยท London ยท Humanities ยท Philosophy ยท Karl Heinrich Marx

Terms of Admission to the International

Helps formulate a resolution governing admission of organisations to the International Workingmen's Association.

December 18648 historical events

1864, December 1st ยท Norway ยท Oslo ยท Exploration ยท Exploration and Discovery ยท Carsten Borchgrevink

Birth of Carsten Borchgrevink

Birth of Carsten Borchgrevink

1864, December 8th ยท Great Britain ยท Bristol ยท Science ยท Civil Engineering ยท Isambard Kingdom Brunel

Clifton Suspension Bridge

The Clifton Suspension Bridge opens to the public as a memorial to Brunel five years after his death.

1864, December 8th ยท Great Britain ยท Bristol ยท Science ยท Civil Engineering ยท John Hawkshaw

Clifton Bridge Completion

Hawkshaw helps complete Brunel's Clifton bridge design.

1864, December 8th ยท Great Britain ยท Bristol ยท Science ยท Civil Engineering ยท William Henry Barlow

Clifton Bridge Opened

The Clifton Suspension Bridge opens to the public.

1864, December 28th ยท Bolivia ยท La Paz ยท Government ยท Government of Bolivia ยท Mariano Melgarejo

Coup

Melgarejo seizes power and begins an authoritarian presidency.

1864, December 28th ยท Bolivia ยท La Paz ยท Government ยท Government of Bolivia ยท Mariano Melgarejo

President of Bolivia

Melgarejo assumes the presidency after overthrowing Acha.

1864, December ยท Paraguay ยท Mato Grosso ยท Warfare ยท War of the Triple Alliance ยท Francisco Solano Lopez

Mato Grosso Campaign

Launches the invasion of Mato Grosso after conflict with Brazil escalates.

1864, December ยท Romania ยท Bucharest ยท Government ยท Government of Romania ยท Alexandru Ioan Cuza

Education Reform

Cuza promulgates legislation establishing compulsory and free primary education.

1864 ยท United States of America ยท Washington DC ยท Government ยท Republican Party Government ยท Abraham Lincoln

Coinage Act

Lincoln signs the Coinage Act authorizing new federal coinage

1864 ยท United States of America ยท Washington DC ยท Government ยท Republican Party Government ยท Abraham Lincoln

In God We Trust Coinage

Federal coinage begins using the motto In God We Trust

1864 ยท United States of America ยท Washington DC ยท Government ยท Republican Party Government ยท Abraham Lincoln

Two Cent Coin

Coinage Act authorizes the two cent coin for United States currency

1864 ยท United States of America ยท Montana Territory ยท Government ยท Republican Party Government ยท Abraham Lincoln

Montana Territory

Lincoln signs legislation organizing Montana Territory

1864 ยท United States of America ยท Yosemite Valley ยท Government ยท Republican Party Government ยท Abraham Lincoln

Yosemite Grant

Lincoln signs the Yosemite Grant protecting Yosemite Valley and Mariposa Grove

1864 ยท United States of America ยท Nevada ยท Government ยท Republican Party Government ยท Abraham Lincoln

Nevada Statehood

Nevada becomes the 36th state of the Union

1864 ยท Australia ยท London ยท Politics ยท United Australia Party ยท William Morris Hughes

Birth of William Morris Hughes

Birth of William Morris Hughes

1864 ยท Austria ยท Prague ยท Government ยท Government of Austria ยท Richard Graf Belcredi

Imperial Representitive

Appointed Imperial Representitive

1864 ยท Austria ยท House ยท House of Habsburg ยท Maximilian I

Holy Roman Empire

Napoleon III wants to establish a Catholic Empire & crowns Maximilian "puppet Emperor"

1864 ยท Austria ยท House ยท House of Habsburg ยท Maximilian I

Rule of Mexico

Napoleon III wants to establish a Catholic Empire & crowns Maximilian "puppet Emperor"

1864 ยท Austria ยท House ยท House of Habsburg ยท Maximilian I

Succession

Succeeds as Emperor of Mexico

1864 ยท Belgium ยท Brussels ยท Science ยท Railway Development ยท Alfred Belpaire

Belpaire Firebox

Develops a square-topped locomotive firebox with increased heating surface.

1864 ยท Belgium ยท Brussels ยท Science ยท Railway Development ยท Alfred Belpaire

Improved Locomotive Boiler

Creates a boiler design adopted by railways in many countries.

1864 ยท Colombia ยท Government ยท Government of Colombia ยท Santiago Perez

Foreign Secretary of Colombia

Appointed Foreign Secretary

1864 ยท Denmark ยท Government ยท Government of Denmark ยท Christian Albrecht Bluhme

Prime Minister of Denmark

Appointed Prime Minister of Denmark, 2nd term

1864 ยท Egypt ยท Cairo ยท Government ยท Government of Egypt ยท Ismail Pasha

Construction Dispute

Challenges concession terms and forced labour arrangements connected with Suez Canal construction.

1864 ยท Egypt ยท Suez Canal ยท Science ยท Technology ยท Ismail Pasha

Suez Canal

Refuses to ratify the concessions to the Canal Company made by Said, and the question is referred to the arbitration of Napoleon III, who awarded ยฃ3,800,000 to the company as compensation for the losses they would incur by the changes which Ismail insisted upon in the original grant

1864 ยท France ยท Paris ยท Government ยท Empire, 2nd ยท Napoleon III Bonaparte

Arbitration

Arbitrates disputes between Ismail Pasha and the Suez Canal Company over construction and compensation.

1864 ยท France ยท Paris ยท Government ยท Government of France ยท Georges Darboy

Council of Regency

Appointed Member of Council of Regency

1864 ยท France ยท Paris ยท Government ยท Government of France ยท Georges Darboy

Privy Council

Appointed Member of Privy Council

1864 ยท France ยท House ยท House of Bonaparte ยท Napoleon III

Invasion of Mexico

Installs Archduke Maximilian of Austria as Emperor of Mexico

1864 ยท Germany ยท Government ยท Government of Germany ยท Heinrich Wilhelm August Freiherr von Gagern

Envoy

Appointed Hessian envoy to Vienna

1864 ยท Germany ยท Government ยท Government of Germany ยท Ludwig von der Pfordten

Prime Minister of Germany

Appointed Prime Minister of Bavaria, 2nd term

1864 ยท Germany ยท Holstein ยท Government ยท Government of Germany ยท Otto Eduard Leopold Furst von Bismarck-Schonhausen

Invasion of Holstein

Prussia & Austria invade Holstein & Lauenburg

1864 ยท Germany ยท Holstein ยท Government ยท Government of Germany ยท Otto Eduard Leopold Furst von Bismarck-Schonhausen

Invasion of Holstein

The Danish President Carl Christian Hall drafts the 'November Constitution' to link Schleswig more closely to the Danish kingdom, he sparks German protests, and troops of the German Confederation occupy Holstein and Lauenburg

1864 ยท Germany ยท Lauenburg ยท Government ยท Government of Germany ยท Otto Eduard Leopold Furst von Bismarck-Schonhausen

Invasion of Lauenburg

The Danish President Carl Christian Hall drafts the 'November Constitution' to link Schleswig more closely to the Danish kingdom, he sparks German protests, and troops of the German Confederation occupy Holstein and Lauenburg

1864 ยท Germany ยท Bavaria ยท House ยท House of Bavaria ยท Ludwig II

Succession

Succeeds as King of Germany, Succeeds his father Maximilian II

1864 ยท Germany ยท Bavaria ยท House ยท House of Wittelsbach ยท Louis II

Succession

Succeeds as King of Bavaria

1864 ยท Germany ยท Berlin ยท Humanities ยท Philosophy ยท Wilhelm Dilthey

Doctorate at Berlin

Dilthey completes his doctorate at the University of Berlin.

1864 ยท Germany ยท Breslau ยท Science ยท Chemistry ยท Julius Lothar Meyer

First Meyer Element Table

Publishes a table of twenty-eight elements organised mainly by valency, demonstrating recurring relationships among chemically similar elements.

1864 ยท Germany ยท Warfare ยท Military ยท Karl Friedrich von Steinmetz

General

Appointed General of Infantry

1864 ยท Germany ยท Schleswig ยท Warfare ยท Schleswig War, 2nd ยท Otto Eduard Leopold Furst von Bismarck-Schonhausen

Invasion of Schleswig

Conflict arose due to the passing of the November Constitution, which integrated the Duchy of Schleswig into the Danish kingdom in violation of the London Protocol

1864 ยท Germany ยท Jutland ยท Warfare ยท Second Schleswig War ยท Frederick III

Second Schleswig War

Serves in the war against Denmark as Prussia asserts German leadership.

1864 ยท Great Britain ยท Arts ยท Literature ยท Robert Browning

Dramatis Personae

Publication of "Dramatis Personae"

1864 ยท Great Britain ยท London ยท House ยท House of Saxe-Coburg ยท Albert Victor

Birth of Albert Victor

Birth of Albert Victor, eldest son of Edward & Princess Alexandria

1864 ยท Great Britain ยท Politics ยท Independent Labour Party ยท Philip Snowden Snowden, 1st

Marriage

Snowden marries Ethel Annakin, a campaigner for womens suffrage

1864 ยท Great Britain ยท Westminster ยท Religion ยท Church of England ยท Arthur Penrhyn Stanley

Dean

Appointed Dean of Westminster

1864 ยท Great Britain ยท Science ยท Astronomy ยท James Clerk Maxwell

Speed of Light

Publishes "A Dynamical Theory of the Electromagnetic Field", prposes that light was in fact undulations in the same medium that is the cause of electric and magnetic phenomena

1864 ยท Great Britain ยท Science ยท Astronomy ยท John Frederick William Herschel

General Catalogue of Nebulae and Clusters

Publication of "General Catalogue of Nebulae and Clusters"

1864 ยท Great Britain ยท London ยท Science ยท Astronomy ยท William Huggins

Stellar Spectrum of Andromeda

Finds that the spectrum of Andromeda resembles the continuous spectrum of stars rather than the emission spectrum of a gaseous nebula, indicating a stellar nature.

1864 ยท Great Britain ยท London ยท Science ยท Chemistry ยท William Odling

Atomic Weight Element Table

Publishes a table of fifty-seven elements arranged largely by atomic weight and chemical similarity, anticipating several features of later periodic classifications.

1864 ยท Great Britain ยท Bristol ยท Science ยท Civil Engineering ยท Isambard Kingdom Brunel

Clifton Suspension Bridge

The completed structure is tested by placing about five hundred tons of stone across the bridge deck.

1864 ยท Japan ยท Warfare ยท Civil War ยท Ito

Alliance Ito and anti-shogun partners not stated in source

Negotiates the alliance which topples the shogun

1864 ยท Russia ยท Government ยท Government of Russia ยท Nikolay Milyutin

Zemtsvo

The idea of Zemstvo is elaborated by Nikolay Milyutin, and the first Zemstvo laws are promulgated in 1864. A form of local Government instituted during the great liberal reforms performed in Imperial Russia by Alexander II of Russia

1864 ยท Russia ยท Istanbul ยท Government ยท Government of Russia ยท Ignatyev

Ambassador

Appointed Ambassador of Turkey

1864 ยท Russia ยท Moscow ยท Government ยท Government of Russia ยท Ignatyev

Independence of Russia

Encourages Serbs & Bulgarians in their unsuccesful revolts against Turkish rule

1864 ยท Russia ยท Moscow ยท Government ยท Government of Russia ยท Ignatyev

Independence of Serbia and Bulgaria

Encourages Serbs & Bulgarians in their unsuccesful revolts against Turkish rule

1864 ยท Russia ยท Government ยท Government of Russia ยท Alexander II

Constitution of Russia

Creates elected district and provincial zemstvo institutions alongside existing local communal administration.

1864 ยท Russia ยท Government ยท Government of Russia ยท Alexander II

Constitution of Russia

Extends local self-government through elected district and provincial zemstvo assemblies.

1864 ยท Russia ยท Government ยท Government of Russia ยท Alexander II

Constitution of Russia

The zemstvo electoral system gives substantial influence to the landowning nobility.

1864 ยท Russia ยท Government ยท Government of Russia ยท Alexander II

Health Reform

Zemstvo institutions assume responsibilities for local health, welfare, roads, and education.

1864 ยท Russia ยท Russia ยท Government ยท Government of Russia ยท Alexander II

Judicial Statutes

Approves judicial statutes creating a more independent and professional court system.

1864 ยท Russia ยท Russia ยท Government ยท Government of Russia ยท Alexander II

Military Districts

Supports the reorganisation of the empire into military districts to improve administration and mobilisation.

1864 ยท Russia ยท Russia ยท Government ยท Government of Russia ยท Alexander II

Public Trials

Introduces public and oral court proceedings as part of the judicial reforms.

1864 ยท Russia ยท Government ยท Government of Russia ยท Alexander II

Reform of Jury System

Judicial reform introduces public trials, professional courts, and trial by jury as part of the Great Reforms.

1864 ยท Russia ยท Russia ยท Government ยท Government of Russia ยท Alexander II

Trial by Jury

Introduces trial by jury for major criminal cases under the new judicial system.

1864 ยท Russia ยท Government ยท Government of Russia ยท Alexander II

Zemstvo

Creates zemstvo institutions as part of the wider programme of administrative reform.

1864 ยท Russia ยท Government ยท Government of Russia ยท Alexander II

Zemstvo

District and provincial zemstvo assemblies become a new tier of elected local government.

1864 ยท Russia ยท Government ยท Government of Russia ยท Alexander II

Zemstvo

Introduces elected zemstvo bodies for local administration in districts and provinces.

1864 ยท Russia ยท Government ยท Government of Russia ยท Alexander II

Zemstvo

The zemstvo electoral system gives the nobility greater representation than its share of the population.

1864 ยท Russia ยท Government ยท Government of Russia ยท Alexander II

Zemstvo

Zemstvo assemblies elect executive boards responsible for carrying out local decisions.

1864 ยท Russia ยท Caucasus ยท Warfare ยท Russia War ยท Alexander II

Caucasian War

Russian victory over remaining Circassian resistance effectively ends the long Caucasian War.

1864 ยท South Africa ยท Pretoria ยท Government ยท Government of South Africa ยท Paulus Kruger

Commandant

Appointed Commander of the Transvaal forces

1864 ยท South Africa ยท Pretoria ยท Government ยท Government of South Africa ยท Marthinus Pretorius

Election

Elected President of the South African Republic, 2nd term

1864 ยท South Korea ยท House ยท House of Yi ยท Kojong

Succession

Succeeds as King of Korea

1864 ยท Spain ยท Government ยท Government of Spain ยท Antonio Canovas del Castillo

Minister of Interior

Appointed Minister of the Interior

1864 ยท Spain ยท Government ยท Government of Spain ยท Luis Gonzalez Bravo

Minister of Interior

Appointed Minister of the Interior, 1st term

1864 ยท Turkey ยท Government ยท Government of Turkey ยท Midhat Pasha

Governor

Appointed Governor of Bulgaria

1864 ยท United States of America ยท Government ยท Republican Party Government ยท Andrew Johnson

Election

At the Convention, the Republican Party selects Andrew Johnson, a War Democrat from the Southern state of Tennessee, as his running mate in order to form a broader coalition

1864 ยท United States of America ยท Politics ยท Democratic Party ยท George Brinton McClellan

General

Stands as an unsuccessful Presidential candidate against Abraham Lincoln

1864 ยท United States of America ยท Warfare ยท Civil War ยท Rutherford Birchard Hayes

Brigadier General

Appointed Brigadier General

1864 ยท United States of America ยท Atlanta ยท Warfare ยท Civil War ยท William Tecumseh Sherman

Battle of Atlanta

Sherman captures Atlanta

1864 ยท United States of America ยท Atlanta ยท Warfare ยท Civil War ยท William Tecumseh Sherman

Capture of Atlanta

Sherman captures Atlanta

1864 ยท United States of America ยท Warfare ยท Military ยท Rutherford Birchard Hayes

Brigadier General

Appointed Brigadier General

1864 ยท Venezuela ยท Caracas ยท Government ยท Government of Venezuela

United States of Venezuela

The federal constitution officially adopted the national name United States of Venezuela.