President of Switzerland
Begins a one-year term as President of the Swiss Confederation.
Historical events in 1875
100 historical records
January 18756 historical events
Succession
Succeeds as Emperor of China
Resignation of William Ewart Gladstone
Gladstone resigns as Party Leader in the Commons
Specie Payment Resumption Act
The Specie Payment Resumption Act commits the Treasury to redeem United States notes in coin from 1879, establishing a timetable for restoring gold convertibility.
Specie Payment Resumption Act
The Act schedules redemption of Civil War greenbacks in gold from January 1879.
Constitution of France
The republican constitution is passed by 1 vote
February 18751 historical events
Seeks to preserve relations with Russia
Seeks to preserve relations with Russia after problems with France
March 18753 historical events
Senate
Begins service as a Republican senator from Massachusetts.
Government
Forms a new ministry in Hungary
Prime Minister of Hungary
Appointed Prime Minister of Hungary, 1st term
April 18755 historical events
Political Support
Louis Decazes seeks support from Russia & Britain against Bismarck, war is averted
Political Support at Berlin
Starts a war scare with France. Louis Decazes seeks support from Russia & Britain against Bismarck, war is averted. Creates tension with France whe he asks "is war in sight?" in the Berlin Post
Reform of Parliament
The Commons votes to exclude strangers by 1 vote
Home Rule
Charles Stewart Parnell is first elected to the House of Commons (the lower level of British legislature), as a Home Rule League Member of Parliament for Meath
Member of Parliament
Charles Stewart Parnell is first elected to the House of Commons (the lower level of British legislature), as a Home Rule League Member of Parliament for Meath
May 18753 historical events
Constitution of Germany
The Congregations Law of 1875 abolishes religious orders, stops state subsidies to the Catholic Church, and removes religious protections from the Prussian constitution
Kulturkampf
The Congregations Law of 1875 abolishes religious orders, stops state subsidies to the Catholic Church, and removes religious protections from the Prussian constitution
Critique of the Gotha Programme
Marx writes critical marginal notes on the proposed programme of German social democracy.
June 18754 historical events
Fonnesbech Government
The Fonnesbech Government ends in Copenhagen, concluding this term as Council President of Denmark.
Estrup Government
Begins the Estrup Government in Copenhagen and serves as Council President of Denmark.
Rule of Kurile Islands
Agrees with Russia to exchange Japans claim to Sakhalin for northern Kurile
Rule of Sakhalin
Agrees with Russia to exchange Japans claim to Sakhalin for northern Kurile
August 18752 historical events
President of Ecuador
Appointed acting President of Ecuador after the assassination of Gabriel Garcia Moreno
Principle of Declared Confidence
The Crown accepts that governments should command the confidence of Parliament.
September 18752 historical events
Prime Minister of Spain
Apppointed Prime Minister of Spain
President of Ecuador
Appointed acting President of Ecuador
November 187512 historical events
Birth of Friedrich-Werner Graf von der Schulenburg
Birth of Friedrich-Werner Graf von der Schulenburg
British Share Purchase
Completes the sale of Egypt's Suez Canal Company shares to the British government.
Sale of Suez Canal Shares
Sells Egypt's Suez Canal Company shares to the British government because of severe financial pressure.
Sale of Suez Canal Shares
Transfers Egypt's major Suez Canal shareholding to the British government through the completed sale.
Purchase of Suez Canal Shares
Rothschild arranges emergency financing enabling Disraeli's Government to purchase the Khedive's Suez Canal shares.
Purchase of Suez Canal Shares
Receives notice that Ismail Pasha's Suez Canal shares are available and moves quickly to secure them for Britain.
Purchase of Suez Canal Shares
Handles diplomatic arrangements after Disraeli decides to purchase the Egyptian shares in the Suez Canal Company.
Purchase of Suez Canal Shares
Manages Treasury implications of the emergency Suez Canal share purchase arranged before parliamentary approval.
Purchase of Suez Canal Shares
Completes the purchase of Egypt's Suez Canal Company shares for £4,000,000 with Rothschild financing.
Purchase of Suez Canal
Purchases 40% Suez canal Company shares from the Khedive with a 4 million pounds Rothschild bank loan
Suez Canal
Purchases 40% Suez canal Company shares from the Khedive with a 4 million pound Rothschild bank loan
Purchase of Suez Canal Shares
Approves Disraeli's rapid purchase of Suez Canal shares as a strategic imperial success.
December 18753 historical events
Prime Minister of Spain
Appointed Prime Minister of Spain, 2nd term
President of Ecuador
Appointed President of Ecuador
Purchase of Suez Canal Shares
Criticises the Suez Canal purchase for being made without prior parliamentary consent.
Birth of Albert I
Birth of Albert I, son of Philip Count of Flanders
Animal Parasites and Messmates
Publishes a major study distinguishing parasites from harmless animal associates.
Parasitism and Commensalism
Advances scientific understanding of parasite life cycles and host relationships.
Independence of China
Korea becomes independent of China
Independence of Korea
Korea becomes independent of China
Regency
Appointed Regent
Assassination of Gabriel Garcia Moreno
Garcia Moreno is assassinated
Death of Gabriel Garcia Moreno
Garcia Moreno is assassinated
Statue
A statue in honour of Cromwell is unveiled
Discovery of Gallium
Discovers gallium spectroscopically, and its measured properties closely match Mendeleev's earlier prediction for eka-aluminium.
Education
Admitted to the Vienna Conservatoire where he studied piano under Julius Epstein, harmony with Robert Fuchs, and composition with Franz Krenn
Vienna Conservatoire
Admitted to the Vienna Conservatoire where he studied piano under Julius Epstein, harmony with Robert Fuchs, and composition with Franz Krenn
Birth of Thomas Mann
Birth of Thomas Mann
Constitution of Germany
The Congregations Law of 1875 abolishes religious orders, stops state subsidies to the Catholic Church, and removes religious protections from the Prussian constitution
Kulturkampf
The Congregations Law of 1875 abolishes religious orders, stops state subsidies to the Catholic Church, and removes religious protections from the Prussian constitution. The 1871 Kanzelparagraph introduced a series of sanctions against Catholicism imposed by Bismarck throughout 1875. Marriage becomes a mandatory civil ceremony, removed from the control of the Church
Legislation
The Congregations Law of 1875 abolishes religious orders, stops state subsidies to the Catholic Church, and removes religious protections from the Prussian constitution. Marriage becomes a mandatory civil ceremony, removed from the control of the Church
Party Leader
Appointed Party Leader of the Centre Party
Physics Professorship
Becomes professor of physics at Leipzig University and helps strengthen experimental physics teaching.
London Sewers
Completes the construction of the London Sewerage System
Livingstonion
The Free Church founds Livingstonion on the shores of Lake Nyasa
Master Certificate Obtained
Passes the examination for his master's certificate and qualifies for command in the British merchant service.
Constitution of Great Britain
Prime Minister Benjamin Disraeli was accused by William Ewart Gladstone of undermining Britain's constitutional system, because he had not referred to, or obtained consent from Parliament when purchasing the shares with funding from the Rothschilds
Suez Canal
External debts forced Said Pashas successor, Ismail Pasha, to sell his countrys share in the canal for £4,000,000 (about pounds 85.9 million in 2014) to the United Kingdom in 1875, but French shareholders still held the majority.
Suez Canal
Prime Minister Benjamin Disraeli was accused by William Ewart Gladstone of undermining Britain's constitutional system, because he had not referred to, or obtained consent from Parliament when purchasing the shares with funding from the Rothschilds.
Solicitor General
Appointed Solicitor General
Municipal Gas
Promotes municipal ownership of gas supply as part of Birmingham civic reform.
Election
Elected Conservative Member of Parliament for Dublin University
Fairfax Street Culvert Corridor Develops
Covered watercourses allowed street construction above sections of the old exposed Frome. Its legacy can be traced in the layout of the city waterfront.
1st Channel Swim
1st to swim the English Channel
Birmingham City FC
Helps found Small Heath Alliance, later Birmingham City Football Club.
Lord of the Admiralty
Appointed Lord of the Admiralty
Vice Admiral
Appointed Vice Admiral
Galilee Survey Work
Conducts survey work in Galilee as part of the wider mapping programme in Palestine.
First Trikoupis Government
Trikoupis forms his first government and promotes responsible parliamentary rule.
Magyarization
Persues a policy of Magyarization
Gold Standard Adoption
The Netherlands adopts a gold monetary standard, replacing the previous silver basis and defining the guilder by a fixed gold content.
Peer Gynt Suite
Composition of "Peer Gynt Suite"
Scandinavian Monetary Union Entry
Norway joins the Scandinavian Monetary Union and adopts the gold-defined krone, completing the three-country Scandinavian gold-standard currency area.
Scandinavian Monetary Union
Norway joins the Scandinavian Monetary Union and adopts the gold-valued krone.
Death of Modest Mussorgsky
Death of Modest Mussorgsky
Treaty of Saint Petersburg
Japan recognizes the sovereignty of Russia over the Kurile Islands & Sakhalin
Balkan Crisis Diplomacy
Supports diplomatic efforts to address unrest in the Ottoman Balkans while initially avoiding immediate war.
Cession of Kurile Islands
Under the Treaty of Saint Petersburg, Russia cedes the Kurile Islands to Japan in exchange for undisputed possession of Sakhalin.
Rule of Sakhalin
Under the Treaty of Saint Petersburg, Japan recognises undisputed Russian sovereignty over Sakhalin.
Treaty of Saint Petersburg
The Treaty of Saint Petersburg gives Russia undisputed possession of Sakhalin while Japan receives the Kurile Islands.
Birth of Xenia Alexandrovna
His daughter Xenia Alexandrovna is born into the imperial family.
Closure of Matica Slovenska
Authorities close Matica Slovenska during Magyarisation.
Prime Minister of Spain
Appointed Prime Minister of Spain, 1st term
Abdication
Succeeds after a period of republican Government following mothers abdication in 1868
Constitution of Spain
Succeeds after a period of republican Government following mothers abdication in 1868
Succession
Succeeds as King of Spain
Discovery of Gelatin
Discovers Gelatin
Blasting Gelatin
Develops blasting gelatin by combining nitroglycerin with nitrocellulose.
Gelignite Development
Produces a powerful water-resistant explosive for industrial blasting.
Grand Vizier
Appointed Grand Vizier, 2nd term
Reballion of Bosnia-Herzegovina
Bosnia-Herzegovina rebels against Turkish rule
Economy of Turkey
Turkey repudiates loans raised from westrern Europe
Independence of Serbia, Romania and Egypt
Serbia gains virtual independence. Romania gains virtual independence. Egypt gains virtual independence
Independence of Turkey
Serbia gains virtual independence. Romania gains virtual independence. Egypt gains virtual independence