Commonwealth of Australia
The Commonwealth of Australia is established
Historical events in 1901
204 historical records
January 190113 historical events
Commonwealth
The Commonwealth of Australia is established
Independence of Australia
The Commonwealth of Australia is established. Appointed the 1st Prime Minister of an independent Australia
Prime Minister of Australia
Appointed Prime Minister of Australia
President of Switzerland
Begins a one-year term as President of the Swiss Confederation.
Birth of Frank James Gary Cooper
Birth of Frank James "Gary" Cooper
Paris Oil Concession Meeting
Meets Antoine Kitabgi in Paris and agrees in principle to seek a Persian petroleum concession.
Health of Victoria
Victoria collapses at Osborne House
Death of Victoria
Death of Victoria, at Osborne House, longest & oldest British monarch
Field-Marshal
Appoints his cousin Kaiser Wihelm II of Germany as a Field-Marshal in the British Army
Action near Naauwpoort
Hardham rides back under heavy fire to rescue a wounded soldier and later becomes the first New Zealand-born recipient of the Victoria Cross.
Defection
Lunches with Herbert Gladstone to discuss seats for himself as a Liberal MP
Cape Colony Raid
Invades Cape Colony to spread guerrilla resistance.
February 190113 historical events
Prime Minister of Iceland
Appointed Prime Minister of Iceland
Birth of Clark Gable
Birth of Clark Gable
Battle of Chrissiesmeer
Smith-Dorrien withstands Botha's night attack at Chrissiesmeer and retains control of his position.
Battle of Chrissiesmeer
Botha launches a night attack on Smith-Dorrien's force at Chrissiesmeer but cannot hold the British camp.
Speech
Churchill makes his maiden speech in the House of Commons
Swiss Citizenship
Einstein becomes a Swiss citizen after having been stateless since 1896.
United States Steel
Morgan organises United States Steel as the world's first billion-dollar corporation.
Middelburg Peace Talks
Offers terms that Boer leaders reject.
Middelburg Peace Talks
Meets Kitchener to discuss possible peace.
Meeting with Kitchener
Rejects terms that do not satisfy the Boer leadership.
Middelburg Peace Talks
Meets Lord Kitchener to discuss possible peace terms.
Assassination of Nikolai Petrovich Bogolepov
Assassination of Nikolai Petrovich Bogolepov
Death of Nikolai Petrovich Bogolepov
Death of Nikolai Petrovich Begolepov, assassinated
March 19013 historical events
Prime Minister of Spain
Appointed Prime Minister of Spain, 7th term
Arrest of Emilio Aguinaldo
The rebel leader is captured after leading a revolt against US hegemony
Constitution of Venezuela
The Constitution of 1901 strengthened the presidency and reorganized the federal states.
April 19012 historical events
Birth of Hirohito
Birth of Hirohito
British Diplomatic Support for Concession
Receives active diplomatic support from British minister Sir Arthur Hardinge during negotiations in Tehran.
May 190112 historical events
Action at Brakpan
Bell covers the withdrawal of dismounted men under close Boer fire and later receives the Victoria Cross for his actions.
Independence of Cuba
Cuba gains independence from Spain, the US withdraws its troops
Independence of United States of America
Cuba gains independence from Spain, the US withdraws its troops
D'Arcy Oil Concession Signed
Receives a sixty-year concession granting extensive rights to explore, produce, transport and market Persian petroleum.
Northern Provinces Excluded from Concession
Accepts exclusion of five northern Persian provinces from the concession to reduce conflict with Russian interests.
Persian Royalty Terms Agreed
Agrees cash, share and sixteen-percent profit terms with the Persian government under the oil concession.
Battle of Vlakfontein
Dixon reorganizes his force after the Boer charge at Vlakfontein and recovers the captured guns.
Battle of Vlakfontein
Armstrong is killed during the intense fighting between Dixon's column and Boer commandos at Vlakfontein.
Battle of Vlakfontein
Kemp leads Boer fighters in the assault on the British rearguard at Vlakfontein.
Battle of Vlakfontein
De la Rey's commandos attack Dixon's column at Vlakfontein and temporarily capture British guns during the fighting.
HMS Immortalité Command Assumed
Carden takes command of HMS Immortalité, the seagoing tender to Wildfire at Sheerness.
Sheerness Tender Duties Begin
As captain of Immortalité, Carden performs seagoing tender duties for the Sheerness flagship establishment.
June 19012 historical events
Methods of Barbarism
Condemns British methods in South Africa as barbarism.
Action near Thaba Nchu
Rogers repeatedly rides back under heavy fire to rescue dismounted comrades during a skirmish near Thaba Nchu.
July 19018 historical events
Birth of William Wyler
Birth of William Wyler
Governor
Appointed Governor of the Philippines
President of Chile
Assumes acting presidential powers after Federico Errazuriz Echaurren dies in office.
Sehested Government
The Sehested Government ends in Copenhagen, concluding this term as Council President of Denmark.
Deuntzer Government
Begins the Deuntzer Government in Copenhagen and serves as Council President of Denmark.
Historical event
Scott is given overall command, and is promoted to the rank of Commander before Discovery sailed for the Antarctic
Discovery Expedition
Scott is given overall command, and is promoted to the rank of Commander before Discovery sailed for the Antarctic. Despite an almost total lack of Antarctic or Arctic experience within the 50-strong party, there was very little special training in equipment or techniques before the ship set sail
Discovery Expedition Departure
Shackleton sails with Robert Falcon Scott's Discovery expedition as third officer, beginning his first Antarctic journey.
August 19012 historical events
Discovery Expedition
The Discovery sets sail from the Isle of Wight
Discovery Expedition
Discovery sails from Cowes on the British National Antarctic Expedition under Scott's command
September 190121 historical events
President of Ecuador
Appointed President of Ecuador, 1st term
Cape Colony Invasion
Smuts crosses the Orange River with his commando and begins a difficult campaign deep inside Cape Colony.
Assassination of William McKinley
An anarchist who assassinates President William McKinley in New York at the Buffalo Pan-American Exposition
Assassination of William McKinley
Assassinated in Buffalo, New York
Peace
The Peace of Beijing ends the Boxer Rebellion. China is forced to pay ineminities to the world powers
Boxer Protocol
Signs the Boxer Protocol while Britain is still fighting in South Africa.
Execution
The protocol orders the execution of 10 high-ranking officials linked to the outbreak and other officials who were found guilty for the slaughter of Westerners in China
Birth of Hendrik Verwoerd
Birth of Hendrik Verwoerd
Peace
Raids on Peking bring the Chinese to the peace table
Death of William McKinley
Death of William McKinley, of gangrene after assassination attempt
Battle of Modderfontein
Sandeman rallies C Squadron of the 17th Lancers as Smuts's commando attacks their exposed camp from several directions.
Battle of Modderfontein
Reitz fights in the close attack on the 17th Lancers and obtains British equipment after the camp is overrun.
Battle of Modderfontein
Bouwer leads Boer scouts and fighters into the attack that overwhelms the 17th Lancers at Modderfontein.
Battle of Modderfontein
Van Deventer leads part of Smuts's commando around the British position during the attack at Modderfontein.
Battle of Modderfontein
Smuts attacks a camp of the 17th Lancers at Modderfontein and secures horses, weapons and supplies for his commando.
President of Chile
Takes office as President of Chile and governs during the parliamentary republic.
Birth of Enrico Fermi
Enrico Fermi is born in Rome on 29 September 1901 and later becomes one of the leading physicists of the twentieth century.
Battle of Moedwil
Kekewich directs the defence of his camp at Moedwil and is wounded during the Boer attack.
Battle of Moedwil
Kemp leads the main Boer assault against the British bivouac at Moedwil.
Battle of Moedwil
De la Rey orders an attack on Kekewich's column near the Selons River at Moedwil.
Cape Colony Raid
Leads a commando raid into Cape Colony.
October 190111 historical events
Death of Abdur Rahman Khan
Abdur Rahman dies after creating a highly centralized Afghan state.
Succession
Habibullah Khan succeeds his father without a major succession war.
Battle of Bakenlaagte
Botha defeats a British force
Battle of Bakenlaagte
Is mortally wounded during Botha's victory.
Battle of Bakenlaagte
Brits participates in the coordinated Boer assault that overwhelms part of Benson's column at Bakenlaagte.
Battle of Bakenlaagte
Opperman takes part in Botha's attack at Bakenlaagte and is killed during the Boer victory.
Battle of Bakenlaagte
Grobler commands Boer fighters in the attack on Benson's rearguard at Bakenlaagte.
Battle of Bakenlaagte
Defeats a British column at Bakenlaagte.
Battle of Bakenlaagte
Viljoen leads one of the Boer groups involved in the successful attack on the British rearguard at Bakenlaagte.
Battle of Bakenlaagte
Defeats a British force at Bakenlaagte.
British Column Defeated
Achieves a major late-war tactical success in eastern Transvaal.
November 19012 historical events
Action at Geelhoutboom
Maygar rides into danger to help a dismounted soldier escape an attempted Boer encirclement and later receives the Victoria Cross.
Discovery Expedition
The Discovery arrives in New Zealand
December 19018 historical events
Birth of Walt Disney
Birth of Walt Disney
Nobel Prize in Literature
Is awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature for idealistic and artistically accomplished poetry.
Nobel Prize in Medicine
Receives the first Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for serum therapy against diphtheria.
Nobel Prize in Physics
Receives the first Nobel Prize in Physics for discovering the radiation later called X-rays.
Nobel Prize in Chemistry
Receives the first Nobel Prize in Chemistry for work on chemical dynamics and osmotic pressure.
Discovery Expedition
The Discovery sets sail from Lyttleton, New Zealand
Battle of Groenkop
Williams commands the Imperial Yeomanry camp at Groenkop when De Wet launches a surprise Christmas attack.
Battle of Groenkop
De Wet launches a surprise Christmas attack on the British camp at Groenkop and captures much of the position.
Secretary of State
Signs treaty clearing the way for a United States built canal
Discovery Expedition
Discovery sails for the Antarctic
Pretoria Convention
Boer leaders sign the Pretoria Convention restoring Transvaal self-government.
Pretoria Convention
Boer leaders sign the Pretoria Convention restoring Transvaal self-government.
Succession
Succeeds as Emir of Afghanistan
Southern Cross Expedition
Bernacchi publishes his chronicle of the Southern Cross Expedition, which was published in 1901,was critical of aspects of Borchgrevinks leadership, but defended the expeditions scientific achievements
chronicle of the Southern Cross Expedition
Bernacchi publishes his chronicle of the Southern Cross Expedition, which was published in 1901, was critical of aspects of Borchgrevinks leadership, but defended the expeditions scientific achievements
his chronicle of the Southern Cross Expedition
Bernacchi publishes his chronicle of the Southern Cross Expedition, which was published in 1901, was critical of aspects of Borchgrevinks leadership, but defended the expeditions scientific achievements
in 1901, was critical of aspects of Borchgrevinks leadership, but defended the expeditions scientific achievements
Bernacchi publishes his chronicle of the Southern Cross Expedition, which was published in 1901, was critical of aspects of Borchgrevinks leadership, but defended the expeditions scientific achievements
was critical of aspects of Borchgrevinks leadership, but defended the expeditions scientific achievements
Bernacchi publishes his chronicle of the Southern Cross Expedition, which was published in 1901, was critical of aspects of Borchgrevinks leadership, but defended the expeditions scientific achievements
Discovery Expedition
Returns to Antarctica as physicist on Scott's Discovery Expedition
Attorney General
Appointed Attorney General
PGP
21 members of his party gain seats in the Parliament
ABO Classification
Provides the basis for safer blood transfusion between compatible patients.
Human Blood Groups
Explains that human blood separates into distinct compatibility groups.
Freudian Slips
Argues that everyday mistakes can reveal unconscious mental processes.
Psychopathology of Everyday Life
Publishes an analysis of errors, forgetting and accidental speech.
Fourcault Glass Process
Develops a method for drawing continuous flat-glass sheets vertically.
Vertical Sheet Glass Drawing
Advances mechanized window-glass production with fewer manual finishing stages.
Party Leader
Appointed Party Leader of the Conservative Party
Viceroy
Appointed Viceroy of Pohai
Statue
A statues in honour of Oliver Cromwell is unveiled at St Ives
Meeting Raissa Oumansoff
Maritain meets Raissa Oumansoff while studying at the Sorbonne, beginning a lifelong intellectual partnership.
Radium Effects
Studies physiological effects of radium with medical collaborators.
Nobel Prize
Shares the first Nobel Peace Prize for his long work in the international peace movement.
Buddenbrooks
Publication of "Buddenbrooks"
Press
Appointed Editor of Die Welt
Nobel Prize
Receives the 1901 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for work on serum therapy, especially against diphtheria.
Nobel Prize
Receives the first Nobel Prize in Physics for the discovery of X-rays, which opened a new method for investigating matter and the human body.
Honour
For "accomplishments in the interest of world peace," named an honorary citizen of Hamburg, his erstwhile home
First Men in the Moon
Publication of "First Men in the Moon"
Kim
Publication of "Kim"
Discovery of South Pole
Joins Scotts expedition, the team fail to reach the Pole because of scurvey
Discovery Expedition
Joins Scott's Discovery Expedition, his first Antarctic expedition
Discovery Expedition
Appointed by Scott as Second Lieutenant to the Polar Expedition
Resignation of Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill
Resigns from the Conservatives & joins the Liberals on the issue of free trade
Persian Oil Concession Application
Develops an application for extensive petroleum rights in Persia after discussions with Kitabgi.
First House of Commons Speeches
Churchill entered Parliament and began developing the public oratory that later formed a central part of his written legacy.
Factory Acts
Author of the Factory Acts
Reform of Workplace Conditions
Author of the Factory Acts
Labour Representation Committee (LRC)
Appointed Chairman of the LRC
London County Council
Appointed Member of London County Council
Labour Representation Committee (LRC)
Support for the LRC is boosted by the Taff Vale Case, a dispute between strikers and a railway company that ended with the union being ordered to pay £23,000 damages for a strike
Labour Representation Committee (LRC)
The acquiescence to the Taff Vale Case of the Conservative Government to business interests (traditional allies of the Liberal Party in opposition to the Conservative's landed interests) intensified support for the LRC against a government that appeared to have little concern for workers
Taff Vale Case
Support for the LRC is boosted by the Taff Vale Case, a dispute between strikers and a railway company that ended with the union being ordered to pay £23,000 damages for a strike
Taff Vale Case
The Taff Vale judgement effectively made strikes illegal since employers could recoup the cost of lost business from the unions
Taff Vale Case
The acquiescence to the Taff Vale Case of the Conservative Government to business interests (traditional allies of the Liberal Party in opposition to the Conservative's landed interests) intensified support for the LRC against a government that appeared to have little concern for workers
Invention of Hydrogenation
Invents the proces of hydrogenation
University of Birmingham
Serves as a leading physicist at the new University of Birmingham.
Thermionic Electron Emission
Establishes the temperature dependence of electron emission from heated metals, foundational for vacuum-tube electronics.
Invention of Vacuum Cleaner
Invents the vacuum cleaner
League Championship
Guides Liverpool to the club's first Football League title.
Cunliffe Scores in Early Pompey Campaigns
Cunliffe appears in Portsmouth's forward line as the club competes in the Southern League during its formative years at Fratton Park.
First Liverpool Championship Goalkeeper
Harry Storer kept goal for Liverpool during the 1900–01 campaign, when the club secured its first English top-flight championship.
Syd King Begins West Ham Management
Syd King takes charge of West Ham United and begins a long managerial tenure that establishes the club within the professional English game.
Barbed-Wire Barrier Network Expanded
Links fortified positions with extensive wire barriers intended to restrict commando movement.
Blockhouse System
Builds blockhouses to restrict Boer commando movement.
Boer Prisoner Deportations Expanded
Expands removal of captured Boer fighters to overseas prisoner camps to prevent their return to the field.
Civilian Camp Administration Reviewed
Reviews camp administration as disease and mortality create growing criticism of British policy.
Concentration Camps
Expands camps for Boer civilians and African refugees.
Farm Clearance Programme Intensified
Intensifies clearance of farms and supplies intended to deny support to Boer commandos.
Large-Scale Drives Introduced
Uses sweeping columns to push Boer commandos toward fortified lines and defended railways.
Mounted Column Operations Expanded
Expands mobile mounted columns to pursue Boer commandos across large areas of the Transvaal.
Peace Terms Reopened with Boer Leaders
Maintains intermittent contact with Boer leaders while military pressure continues against remaining commandos.
Railway Blockhouse Lines Extended
Extends fortified lines along railways to secure communications and divide guerrilla operating areas.
Scorched Earth Policy
Uses farm burning and camps to undermine Boer commandos.
Sweeps Against Commandos
Leads mobile sweeps against Boer commandos.
Concentration Camps
Reports suffering in British concentration camps.
Prime Minister of Greece
Alexandros Zaimis begins a term as Prime Minister of Greece in 1901.
Birth of Paul I
Birth of Paul I, 4th child of Constantine & Sophia
Institution of Naval Architects Membership
Becomes a member of the Institution of Naval Architects as his professional shipbuilding career advances.
Director
Appointed Director of the Administration of Taiwan
Governor
Appointed Governor of Korea
Prime Minister of Japan
Appointed Prime Minister of Japan, 1st term
Discovery of Adrenalin
Discovers how to isolate adrenalin
Invention of Instant Coffee
Invents the 1st soluble instant coffee
Mayoral Term
Concludes service as Mayor of Amsterdam after the 1891-1901 municipal term.
Mayor of Amsterdam
Begins serving as Mayor of Amsterdam during the 1901-1910 municipal term.
Nobel Prize
Receives the first Nobel Prize in Chemistry for discoveries concerning chemical dynamics and the laws of osmotic pressure in solutions.
Birth of Stefan Wyszynski
Birth of Stefan Wyszynski
Piano Concerto No 2
Composes, "Piano Concerto No 2"
Three Sisters
Publication of "Three Sisters"
Minister of Education
Appointed Minister of Education
Economic Modernisation
Links state finance to rapid industrial development.
Peasant Question
Recognises rural poverty as a danger to state stability.
Central Asian Reconnaissance
Conducts reconnaissance and intelligence work near Central Asia.
Iskra Secretariat
Handles correspondence for Iskra's underground network.
Iskra Organisation
Helps build Iskra links to underground party committees.
Zarya
Uses Zarya and Iskra to argue for centralised revolutionary organisation.
On Optimism and Pessimism
Writes On Optimism and Pessimism, reflecting on historical change and the prospects of the new century.
SDP
Appointed Member of Russian Social Democratic Party
Lithuanian Social Democratic Party
Appointed Member of Polish & Lithuanian Social Democratic Party
SDP
Appointed Member of Polish & Lithuanian Social Democratic Party
SPD.
Joins the Russian Social Democratic Party
Editor
Appointed Editor of Koranta Ea Becoana
Commander in Chief
Smuts serves as Kruger's eyes and ears, handling propaganda, logistics, communication with generals and diplomats. Commands the Republican forces in the Cape of Good Hope
Siege of Cape Good Hope
Leads a failed Boer raid on the Cape of Good Hope. Hopes to raise a rebellion against the British and disrupt their lines of communication
Commander in Chief
Commands the Republican forces in the Cape of Good Hope
Vice Admiral
Appointed Vice Admiral
Nobel Prize
Shares the first Nobel Peace Prize for founding the Red Cross and advancing humanitarian cooperation.
Red Cross
Awarded the Nobel Prize for Peace, founder of the International Comm of the Red Cross
Resignation of Charles Gates Dawes
Leaves the Comptroller's office and returns to banking.
President of USA
Appointed President of the USA, 26th President, 1st term
Vice President
Appointed Vice President of the USA
Rule of Philippines
From 1901 to 1903, Taft serves as the first civilian Governor of General of the Philippines
Capillarity Paper
Publishes his first scientific paper, examining molecular forces through capillary phenomena.
Begins Teaching English
Cather taught English in Pittsburgh while continuing to write fiction and criticism.