1911
1st South Pole
1st person to reach the South Pole, beating Captain Scott
Calendar browse by year
Browse historical records dated to 1911. Records are rendered from the World History Database into this page's initial HTML.
1st person to reach the South Pole, beating Captain Scott
A Kuomingtang revolt under Sun Yat-Sen overthrows the last Emperor of the Manchu Dynasty
Becomes First Lord of the Admiralty in Asquith's government.
The German gunboat Panther arrives at the port of Agadir
Under the Treaty of Fez Germany cedes France a small area of territory to the south-east of Fort Lamy, now part of Chad. A 275 000 km territory, known as Neukamerun, becomes part of the German colony of Kamerun and part of German West Africa, which only lasts briefly until they are captured by the allies in World War I
A rebellion breakss out In Morocco against the Sultan, Abdelhafid. by April the Sultan is besieged in his palace in Fez and the French prepare troops to help put down the rebellion under the pretext of protecting European lives and property
Britain tries to restrain France from adopting over-hasty measures and to disuade her from sending troops to Fez, the efforts fail but Edward Grey the British Foreign Secretary felt that his hands were tied and that he is forced to support France.
The French dispatch a flying column at the end of April 1911 and Germany gives approval for the occupation of Fez.
A 275 000 km territory, known as Neukamerun, becomes part of the German colony of Kamerun and part of German West Africa, which only lasts briefly until they are captured by the allies in World War I
A rebellion breakss out In Morocco against the Sultan, Abdelhafid. by April the Sultan is besieged in his palace in Fez and the French prepare troops to help put down the rebellion under the pretext of protecting European lives and property
The German gunboat Panther arrives at the port of Agadir
A rebellion breakss out In Morocco against the Sultan, Abdelhafid. by April the Sultan is besieged in his palace in Fez and the French prepare troops to help put down the rebellion under the pretext of protecting European lives and property
Spain occupies Laraiche and Alcazar
The German gunboat Panther arrives at the port of Agadir
Approves territorial gains for Kamerun while abandoning claims in Morocco.
Backs France while attempting to prevent escalation with Germany.
Recognizes French predominance in Morocco in exchange for African territory.
Communicates German demands for compensation during the Moroccan crisis.
Uses naval pressure to strengthen Germany's colonial bargaining position.
Directs government policy during negotiations with France over Morocco.
Approves the government's naval demonstration at Agadir.
Signals British willingness to defend its international position.
Pennell's shipboard party gathers direct information about the Norwegian expedition at the Bay of Whales.
Pennell's shipboard party meets members of the Norwegian expedition.
Maps rock formations and glacial features west of McMurdo Sound.
Shot at the opera in Kiev in front of Tsar Nicholas II
Dies in hospital after being shot 4 days previously
Shot at the opera in Kiev in front of Tsar Nicholas II
The opening stage of the southern journey requires roughly 400 miles of travel across the Barrier before the party reaches the Beardmore Glacier.
Atkinson falls into a crevasse during the difficult upper Beardmore Glacier crossing but is recovered.
Evans falls into a crevasse during the upper glacier ascent and receives a severe shake.
Begins the ascent from the Barrier toward the polar plateau.
The Beardmore Glacier stage covers about 120 miles and climbs to roughly 10,000 feet before the southbound party reaches the Polar Plateau.
Scott's remaining parties begin man-hauling their sledges up the Beardmore Glacier.
The remaining teams continue man-hauling their sledges after the first supporting party turns north.
Wilson man-hauls with the southbound parties during the ascent of the Beardmore Glacier.
Scott takes photographs during the glacier stage, adding his own images to the expedition's visual record.
Scott's travelling parties reach the foot of the Beardmore Glacier, ending the pony stage and beginning the climb toward the Polar Plateau.
The expedition reaches the foot of the Beardmore Glacier after the difficult Barrier stage.
Keohane turns back with Atkinson's party and helps haul the returning sledge toward Cape Evans.
Wright leaves the southbound expedition with the returning support group, ending his chance of selection for the final polar party.
Accounts are published of police confrontation outside the Commons with Suffragettes
Exiled to the Arkhangelsk region
Escapes from exikle & returns to Russia during the February revolution
Warns Germany not to endanger peace over Morocco during his Mansion House speech. The Germans call Lloyd-Georges Mansion House speech, "warning bordering on menace"
Reports strong British opposition to Germany's Agadir policy.
Monitors the Franco-German negotiations linking the Moroccan settlement to territorial compensation in the Congo region.
Completes the monumental sculpture facing Buckingham Palace.
Cabinet decides Germany should consult Britain over Morocco
Cabinet decides Germany should not influence Morocco without consulting Britain
Assumes responsibility for policing, prisons and domestic administration.
The six-man party prepares to winter and conduct scientific work.
Campbell's Northern Party winters at Cape Adare.
Scott examines Cape Crozier as a possible base location but abandons the site before establishing winter quarters farther west.
Bowers endures a violent blizzard during the Cape Crozier winter journey.
Bowers survives the violent Cape Crozier blizzard and helps recover the expedition tent after it is blown away from the party's shelter.
Leads a scientific mission through severe Antarctic winter conditions.
The party travels in darkness to study emperor penguin breeding.
The three travellers arrive exhausted after severe cold and storms.
Hauls supplies during the expedition's hazardous winter scientific journey.
Wilson leads Bowers and Cherry-Garrard from Cape Evans on the winter journey to study emperor penguin breeding at Cape Crozier.
Wilson leaves Cape Evans with Bowers and Cherry-Garrard for the winter journey to the emperor penguin rookery.
Wilson, Bowers and Cherry-Garrard reach Cape Evans after five weeks of winter travel and severe exposure.
The specimens are preserved despite extreme winter conditions.
Debenham examines the local terrain around Cape Evans as part of the expedition's geological programme.
Establishes the expedition hut on Ross Island.
The main expedition hut at Cape Evans is completed.
Davies supervises construction of the expedition hut after its prefabricated components and stores are landed at Cape Evans.
Construction begins on the expedition's main hut at Cape Evans.
Bowers constructs internal partitions and storage arrangements as the expedition settles into the Cape Evans hut.
The shore party moves into the completed Cape Evans hut and begins organised winter-quarters life.
The expedition lands at Cape Evans on 4 January. Evans joins the shore party while Lieutenant Harry Pennell takes command of Terra Nova.
Lands the shore party and stores at Cape Evans.
Evans joins the shore party during the landing and establishment of the Cape Evans base.
His measurements form part of the Terra Nova scientific programme.
Simpson recorded the temperature and wind observations at the base camp at Cape Evans.
Scott names Cape Evans in honour of his second in command while selecting the winter-quarters site.
Cape Evans is named in his honour.
Scott renames the selected winter-quarters site Cape Evans in honour of expedition second-in-command Edward Evans.
Photographs expedition life, landscapes and wildlife around Cape Evans.
His work contributes to the expedition's scientific programme.
Scott selects the west Ross Island site that becomes the expedition's main winter station.
Bowers organizes expedition stores and builds an annex from packing cases along the south side of the Cape Evans hut.
Taylor uses the remaining light to examine local geology and topography around the Cape Evans base.
Given the nickname Sunny Jim by the other expedition members, George Simpson constructed one of the continent's first weather stations, conducting balloon experiments to test the atmosphere and determine how altitude affects temperature.
Ponting works from his Cape Evans studio to document expedition life, equipment, animals and surrounding landscapes.
Succeeds Arthur Balfour as leader of the parliamentary party.
Hides overnight in Parliament during the national census.
Seeks territory in equatorial Africa through diplomatic pressure.
Becomes state secretary of the Imperial Colonial Office.
Receives a commission in the First Uhlan Regiment.
Demands French colonial territory in the Congo region as compensation for accepting French predominance in Morocco.
Is unanimously chosen Conservative leader at the Carlton Club.
Resigns as Conservative Party leader after mounting internal criticism.
The Emperors sole power will be to appoint a Prime Minister. The Emperor agrees to a constitution as demanded by the republican National Assembly. Parliament will control treaties & budgets
Introduces the Parliament Bill to the House of Commons. Admits that Edward VII had not promised to create new Peers to reform the Lords
The Lords are denied a veto over "money bills" & have 2 yr veto for other bills. Passed by the House of Lords, the duration of Parliament is reduced from 7 to 5 yrs. MPs are to be payed for the first time, 400 pounds a year
Advises Asquith to create 500 peers if necessary to pass the Parliament Act
Threatens to topple the Government if the Lords veto is not abolished
The government completes reforms strengthening rights, courts, administration and compulsory education.
Creates contributory health and unemployment insurance for covered workers.
A Kuomingtang revolt under Sun Yat-Sen overthrows the last Emperor of the Manchu Dynasty
Receives the title of court councillor from Duke Carl Eduard.
Completes an officer-training course at the Royal Cadet School.
Italy declares war on Turkey to conquer Libya & gain a foothold in north Africa
Italy declares war on Turkey
Attends the Delhi Durbar with Queen Mary.
The WSPU claim police act under Churchills instructions during Black Friday. Accounts are published of police confrontation outside the Commons with Suffragettes
Begins depot-laying journeys across the Ross Ice Shelf to prepare the route toward the Pole
Helps lay depots for the southern journey.
Der Rosenkavalier receives its world premiere at the Royal Opera.
Proposes Britain be divided into 10 with a local administration & elected assembly
Advances understanding of image formation through the human lens.
Forecasts the Germans will cross the Meuse on the Twentieth day of the invasion on France. Forecasts German military plans in an attack on France at the Comm of Imperial Defence
In a letter to Grey proposes the British detach Spain from her pro-German position
Proposes to Grey France, Britain & Russia safeguard Belgium, Holland & Denmark
Scott inspects the old Discovery hut at Hut Point.
Amundsen renamed the Antarctic Plateau as King Haakon VIIs Plateau. Amundsen names their South Pole camp Polheim, "Home on the Pole.". Amundens team of six, with 16 dogs, arrived at the Pole (9000S). they arrive 35 days before Scotts group. 1st person to reach the South Pole, beating Captain Scott
Girev accompanies the dog teams north after the supporting run toward the Beardmore Glacier is completed.
Drives dog teams in support of Scott's southern journey.
Drives dog teams in support of the southern journey.
Meares turns north with the dog teams after their planned supporting stage ends near the Beardmore Glacier.
Debenham maps geological features and collects specimens during the Western Party's first field season.
Campbell's party searches for a suitable eastern base before conditions force Terra Nova away from Cape Colbeck.
Begins studies at the Royal Officer Cadet Academy
The Liberals win the election with 275 seats. The Government depends on 41 Labour & 71 Irish. Conservatves increase their seats from 116 to 273
Claims that Edward VII had promised to create new peers to reform the House of Lords
Cherry-Garrard helps recover emperor penguin eggs at Cape Crozier after a hazardous journey made in darkness and extreme winter cold.
Wilson's winter party reaches the Cape Crozier rookery and obtains emperor penguin eggs for embryological study.
Travels to Cape Crozier seeking emperor penguin embryos.
Secures emperor penguin eggs after extreme hardship.
Collects emperor penguin eggs with Wilson and Bowers at Cape Crozier.
Ends nine years leading the Conservative opposition.
The Bjorn Jonsson Ministry ends, concluding this period as Minister for Iceland.
The Frans Schollaert Government ends in Brussels, concluding this period as head of the Belgian government.
Exiled to the Arkhangelsk region
Escapes from exikle & returns to Russia during the February revolution
Returns from 14 years of exile to lead the republican revolution
The shore party now has permanent winter accommodation.
Contributes expertise from precision measurements of infrared radiation.
The remaining ponies are killed at the foot of the Beardmore Glacier after completing their transport role.
Begins the First de Broqueville Government in Brussels and serves as head of the Belgian government.
Helps organize the first International Women's Day in Germany.
Appointed First Sea Lord of the Admiralty
Assumes political responsibility for British naval administration.
Day's motor suffers a major mechanical failure and is abandoned on the Barrier.
The motor sledges prove unreliable, often refusing to start until heated or stopping after short distances. The first machine fails permanently on 30 October.
Participates in the Solvay meeting devoted to radiation and quanta.
Participates in the first Solvay Conference on radiation and quanta.
Attends the first Solvay Conference as an experimental physicist.
Attends the first Solvay Conference on radiation theory.
Simpson resumes upper-air observations by launching a balloon from Cape Evans.
Turns back with the first supporting party.
Day is ordered back toward Cape Evans after the motor party has completed its supporting role.
Atkinson turns north with a supporting group after hauling supplies partway up the Beardmore Glacier for Scott's continuing party.
The first four-man supporting party turns back from the Beardmore Glacier, leaving eight men to continue south.
Atkinson turns back with the first four-man supporting party from the Beardmore Glacier.
Cherry-Garrard begins the return journey after his supporting party is ordered back.
Keohane joins Atkinson, Cherry-Garrard and Wright in the first supporting party ordered back.
Wright turns north with the first four-man support group after reaching the upper Beardmore Glacier.
The first motor tractor fails permanently on the Ross Ice Shelf.
Begins active service as a Prussian cavalry officer.
Debenham begins the first Western Party field journey after Terra Nova lands the geological team near Butter Point.
Taylor returns from the first Western Party journey after extended geological fieldwork west of McMurdo Sound.
Campbell is aboard Terra Nova when the ship unexpectedly encounters Amundsen's Fram at the Bay of Whales.
Terra Nova reaches the Bay of Whales and finds Amundsen's Fram.
Establishes Framheim at the Bay of Whales as the Norwegian base for the South Pole attempt
Authorizes negotiations offering territory in Middle Congo as part of a settlement of the Agadir crisis.
Represents Germany in negotiations with the French government.
Obtains parts of French Equatorial Africa for German Kamerun.
Receives Germany's demand for colonial compensation in French Equatorial Africa during negotiations over Morocco.
After the dog teams turn back, the remaining southbound groups continue by man-hauling their sledges up the Beardmore Glacier.
Conducts physical and gravity observations from the Cape Evans base.
Oversees major expansion of Birmingham's municipal boundaries.
Creates an international crisis through a calculated display of naval power.
Gustav Mahlers 9th Symphony premieres in Vienna
Establishes contributory protection against sickness and unemployment.
Mahlefallls seriously ill with a streptococcal blood infection, and conducts his last concert in a fever
Is hospitalised after severe strain following her second Nobel Prize.
Is honored for foundational discoveries concerning black-body heat radiation.
Faces controversy over his visible involvement in the armed confrontation.
Becomes Home Secretary when Churchill moves to the Admiralty.
Records the House of Commons as her census residence.
Limits the Lords' veto and reduces maximum parliamentary duration.
He finds the building heavily filled with snow and ice.
The Regent Prince resigns after the rebellion of the Imperial Army
Assumes responsibility for Germany's overseas colonial administration.
Supports an assertive attempt to obtain colonial concessions from France.
Supports nationwide Social Democratic events demanding votes for women.
Forecasts the Germans will cross the Meuse on the Twentieth day of the invasion on France
Resigns as Conservative Party leader over Irish Home Rule
Oates's transport group loses the weakened pony Jehu as the southward journey continues.
Leads the Social Democratic Party congress in Jena.
Participates in the SPD congress as a national executive member.
Knighted for humanitarian work in the Congo & Brazil.
Begins the Kristjan Jonsson Ministry and serves as Minister for Iceland.
Is elected leader of the Parliamentary Labour Party.
At the foot of the Beardmore Glacier, the last ponies are killed and the expedition prepares for the glacier ascent.
Launches the Centurion
Attends the launch of the HMS Centurion
Reviews experimental and theoretical work leading toward quantum physics.
The Lords are denied a veto over "money bills" & have 2 yr veto for other bills
The government depends on Labour and Irish Nationalist support in Parliament.
Predicts that gravity should bend starlight and proposes a solar-eclipse test.
Creates an early large British building using reinforced concrete.
Warns Berlin that the crisis is worsening relations with Britain.
Links Irish parliamentary support to constitutional reform.
Crean begins the southern journey with the pony-supported groups travelling across the Barrier.
Wilson leaves with the main southern expedition as the pony and dog groups begin their staged advance.
Scott records that the expedition is effectively landed with its essential stores ashore at Cape Evans.
Leads a man-hauling party after the motor sledge failure.
Warns Germany against threatening British interests during the Agadir crisis.
Directs surveys of valleys, glaciers and mountain formations.
Prepares for a new musical appointment connected with the Meiningen court.
Simpson establishes his meteorological working area within the Cape Evans hut for regular atmospheric observations.
Leads the expedition's Midwinter Day observance at Cape Evans.
Cherry-Garrard contributes a large cake to the expedition's Midwinter Day celebrations at Cape Evans.
Scott and the wintering party mark Midwinter Day with decorations and a special dinner at Cape Evans.
The Lords loses its veto over money bills.
Seeks colonial compensation while attempting to contain the international crisis.
Accepts the agreement ending the confrontation with France.
Supports the Franco-German agreement transferring parts of French Equatorial Africa to German Cameroon.
Concludes the November settlement by which Germany accepts France's Moroccan position in exchange for territory adjoining Cameroon.
The Motor Party becomes the Man-hauling Party under Evans with Lashly, Atkinson and Wright. On 5 December a four-day blizzard halts their progress.
After wintering at Cape Evans, Evans is given command of the Motor Party, which is scheduled to leave before the main southern expedition.
Leads the motor party south from Cape Evans.
Day departs with the experimental motor sledges as part of the advance southern transport party.
Evans leads the Motor Party south ahead of the main expedition to move supplies toward the polar route.
Leaves first with motor sledges and supplies.
Evans leads the advance motor party onto the Barrier ahead of the main southern expedition.
Hooper joins the advance motor party carrying supplies for the following southern groups.
Lashly travels south with the motor party and takes responsibility for one of the tracked machines.
After motor failures, Hooper continues south with the party by manhauling supplies across the Ross Ice Shelf.
Day accompanies the Motor Party to operate and repair the motor sledges during their first sustained field use.
The Motor Party takes four men and two tracked motor sledges south onto the Barrier carrying supplies for the following dog and pony groups.
The motor party maintains its pace after the breakdowns and reaches the rendezvous six days early, where the main party catches up on 21 November.
Lashly travels with the Motor Party, helping manage the experimental tractors and the supply loads intended for later parties.
Works on the expedition's motor sledges during the southern journey.
Works with motor sledges as mechanical failures mount.
Helps continue hauling after motor sledge failures.
A motor sledge is lost through the sea ice during unloading, reducing the expedition's mechanical transport resources.
One of the expedition's three motor tractors is lost through sea ice during the unloading operation at Cape Evans.
Scott records Mount Erebus in sight as Terra Nova approaches Ross Island.
Members of Parliament are to receive salaries of 400 pounds a year.
Incorporates Aston Manor, Erdington, Handsworth and surrounding districts.
Portrays a violent man's religious conversion through vigorous narrative verse.
The Emperor agrees to a constitution as demanded by the republican National Assembly
Secures Royal Assent for the National Insurance Act.
The National Insurance Act creates contributory health and unemployment insurance schemes.
Creates health insurance for many workers, a precursor to later NHS debates.
Secures enactment of the National Insurance Act.
Takes a senior role within the national SPD organization.
Creates the National Insurance Institute as the state expands control over life insurance
Completes a memorandum advocating the creation of a Naval War Staff
Delivers his Nobel lecture on the laws of thermal radiation.
Receives the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for work on radium and polonium, including the isolation and study of radium.
Wins the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for radium and polonium.
Is awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature for imaginative dramatic and literary works.
Receives the medicine prize for research on optical refraction in the eye.
Receives the Nobel Prize for laws governing thermal radiation.
Terra Nova lands Campbell's Northern Party at Cape Adare.
Leads the Northern Party landed at Cape Adare.
Priestley lands with Campbell's six-man Northern Party to begin geological work from Cape Adare.
The group conducts meteorological, geological and biological observations.
Gives evidence with Lord Strathcona to a government committee examining oil fuel and future naval requirements.
Depot work supports the coming polar attempt.
Scott establishes One Ton Depot at about 79 degrees 29 minutes south.
One Ton Depot is established on the Ross Ice Shelf during the 1911 depot-laying journey.
Part of the 13-man party who laid "One Ton Depot" 130 statute miles (210 km) from Hut Point, the depot being named because of the large amount of food and equipment cached there.
Crean participates in the depot-laying journey that establishes One Ton Depot for the later southern march.
Scott's southbound party reaches One Ton Depot and rests the ponies before continuing.
Bowers helps organise and leave the food, fuel and fodder cached at One Ton Depot.
Supports sending the gunboat Panther to Agadir.
Initiates the dispatch of the Panther to the Moroccan port.
Presses the Liberal government to remove the Lords' permanent veto.
Secures Royal Assent for the Parliament Act.
Secures Royal Assent for the Parliament Act.
Introduces the Parliament Bill in the House of Commons.
Maximum parliamentary duration is reduced from seven years to five.
Succeeds George Barnes as Labour's principal Commons spokesman.
Appointed Party Leader of the Labour Party, 2nd term
Joins the national leadership of Germany's largest socialist organization.
Continues directing War Office reform after entering the peerage.
He turns back before Scott selects the final polar party.
Because of Germany's action at Agidir Churchill supports France & informs Lloyd-George
Oates assesses the ponies at One Ton Depot as the southern party prepares to continue.
Remaining ponies are destroyed before the glacier ascent.
Manages ponies during the early southern journey.
Oates leaves Cape Evans with the pony groups supporting Scott's southward march.
Assists with expedition ponies during depot work.
Uses ponies to move supplies during the southern journey.
Travels south with responsibility for the expedition ponies.
Appointed President of the Chinese Republic
Appointed President of Ecuador
Appointed acting President of Ecuador
Appointed acting President of Ecuador after the death of Emilio Estrada
Begins a one-year term as President of the Swiss Confederation.
Begins his second presidency and intensifies social, labour and state-led reform
Forms a Conservative government after the reciprocity election.
Appointed Prime Minister of Russia, after the assassination of Stolypin
Contributes to discussions concerning emerging quantum concepts.
Discusses quantum theory with leading European physicists in Brussels.
Engages in international debate on quantum and thermodynamic problems.
A Kuomingtang revolt under Sun Yat-Sen overthrows the last Emperor of the Manchu Dynasty
Participates in revolutionary action in Zhejiang during the 1911 Revolution.
A rebellion begins in Wuhan against the Manchu Dynasty
The Lords are denied a veto over "money bills" & have 2 yr veto for other bills
Oversees enactment of the comprehensive Reich Insurance Code.
Motor party meets Scott's main party ahead of schedule.
Resigns as Conservative Party leader over Irish Home Rule
The Regent Prince resigns after the rebellion of the Imperial Army
Stolypin resigns as Prime Minister
Studies military subjects before receiving his lieutenant's commission.
Completes the Royal Liver Building on Liverpool's waterfront.
Completes the Royal Liver Building on Liverpool's waterfront.
The new comic opera establishes an immediate international success.
A 275 000 km territory, known as Neukamerun, becomes part of the German colony of Kamerun and part of German West Africa, which only lasts briefly until they are captured by the allies in World War I
Under the Treaty of Fez Germany cedes France a small area of territory to the south-east of Fort Lamy, now part of Chad
The French dispatch a flying column at the end of April 1911 and Germany gives approval for the occupation of Fez
Under the Treaty of Fez Germany cedes France a small area of territory to the south-east of Fort Lamy, now part of Chad
A 275 000 km territory, known as Neukamerun, becomes part of the German colony of Kamerun and part of German West Africa, which only lasts briefly until they are captured by the allies in World War I
Cabinet decides Germany should consult Britain over Morocco
Cabinet decides Germany should not influence Morocco without consulting Britain
A rebellion breakss out In Morocco against the Sultan, Abdelhafid. by April the Sultan is besieged in his palace in Fez and the French prepare troops to help put down the rebellion under the pretext of protecting European lives and property
A 275 000 km territory, known as Neukamerun, becomes part of the German colony of Kamerun and part of German West Africa, which only lasts briefly until they are captured by the allies in World War I
The wintering party marks Scott's birthday with a special meal and cake while preparations continue for the southern journey.
Helps survive a dangerous sea-ice incident.
The second motor sledge fails, forcing Lashly and his companions to continue by man-hauling.
The second motor sledge fails the following day. The four men reorganise their loads and continue south, pulling a single sledge carrying about 740 pounds of supplies.
Bowers helps establish Shambles Camp and organise stores at the foot of the Beardmore Glacier.
Spain occupies Laraiche and Alcazar
Spain occupies Laraiche and Alcazar
Attends the police operation during the Siege of Sidney Street.
Instructs the firebrigade to let the house burn, 1 is shot & another asphyxiated. Deploys Scots guards to cover an east London house when 2 anarchists fire on police. "better to let the house burn down than spend good British lives". 3 policemen are murderred by a gang & then trapped in Sydney St
Gives evidence at the Sydney St inquest
Consolidates major German social-insurance laws within one statutory framework.
Attends the first Solvay Conference on radiation and quanta.
Cherry-Garrard helps produce the expedition's South Polar Times, combining humour, reports and scientific material for the wintering party.
The expedition arrived at the eastern edge of Ross Ice Shelf at a large inlet called the Bay of Whales where Amundsen located his base camp and named it Framheim
A second attempt with a team, consisting of Olav Bjaaland, Helmer Hanssen, Sverre Hassel, Oscar Wisting, and Amundsen himself, depart taking four sledges and 52 dogs
Using a route along the previously unknown Axel Heiberg Glacier Amundsen arrives at the edge of the Polar Plateau after a four-day climb
Amundsen renamed the Antarctic Plateau as King Haakon VIIs Plateau
Becomes the first expedition leader to reach the Geographic South Pole
A second attempt with a team, consisting of Olav Bjaaland, Helmer Hanssen, Sverre Hassel, Oscar Wisting, and Amundsen himself, depart taking four sledges and 52 dogs
Reaches the South Pole as a member of Amundsen's five-man Norwegian party
A second attempt with a team, consisting of Olav Bjaaland, Helmer Hanssen, Sverre Hassel, Oscar Wisting, and Amundsen himself, depart taking four sledges and 52 dogs
Reaches the South Pole with Amundsen's party and helps navigate the final approach
A second attempt with a team, consisting of Olav Bjaaland, Helmer Hanssen, Sverre Hassel, Oscar Wisting, and Amundsen himself, depart taking four sledges and 52 dogs
Reaches the South Pole as one of Amundsen's Norwegian sledging party
A second attempt with a team, consisting of Olav Bjaaland, Helmer Hanssen, Sverre Hassel, Oscar Wisting, and Amundsen himself, depart taking four sledges and 52 dogs
Reaches the South Pole with Amundsen, Bjaaland, Hanssen and Hassel
Begins an early start for the Pole but turns back after severe cold shows that the attempt is premature
The expedition arrived at the eastern edge of the Ross Ice Shelf (then known as "the Great Ice Barrier"), at a large inlet called the Bay of Whales
Amundsen established his base camp there, calling it Framheim
A small group, including Hjalmar Johansen, Kristian Prestrud and Jørgen Stubberud, set out on 8 September 1911, but had to abandon their trek due to extreme temperatures
A second attempt, with a team made up of Olav Bjaaland, Helmer Hanssen, Sverre Hassel, Oscar Wisting, and Amundsen, depart base camp. They took four sledges and 52 dogs
Sets out from Framheim with Bjaaland, Hanssen, Hassel and Wisting for the successful South Pole journey
The expedition arrives at the edge of the Polar Plateau
Amundsens team of five, with 16 dogs, arrives at the Pole (90° 0 S). They arrived 3334 days before Scotts group. Amundsen named their South Pole camp Polheim, meaning "Home on the Pole." Amundsen renamed the Antarctic Plateau as King Haakon VIIs Plateau. They left a small tent and letter stating their accomplishment, in case they did not return safely to Framheim
A second attempt, with a team made up of Olav Bjaaland, Helmer Hanssen, Sverre Hassel, Oscar Wisting, and Amundsen, depart base camp. They took four sledges and 52 dogs
Amundsens team of five, with 16 dogs, arrives at the Pole (90° 0 S). They arrived 3334 days before Scotts group. Amundsen named their South Pole camp Polheim, meaning "Home on the Pole." Amundsen renamed the Antarctic Plateau as King Haakon VIIs Plateau. They left a small tent and letter stating their accomplishment, in case they did not return safely to Framheim
A second attempt, with a team made up of Olav Bjaaland, Helmer Hanssen, Sverre Hassel, Oscar Wisting, and Amundsen, depart base camp. They took four sledges and 52 dogs
Amundsens team of five, with 16 dogs, arrives at the Pole (90° 0 S). They arrived 3334 days before Scotts group. Amundsen named their South Pole camp Polheim, meaning "Home on the Pole." Amundsen renamed the Antarctic Plateau as King Haakon VIIs Plateau. They left a small tent and letter stating their accomplishment, in case they did not return safely to Framheim
Amundsens team of five, with 16 dogs, arrives at the Pole (90° 0 S). They arrived 3334 days before Scotts group. Amundsen named their South Pole camp Polheim, meaning "Home on the Pole." Amundsen renamed the Antarctic Plateau as King Haakon VIIs Plateau. They left a small tent and letter stating their accomplishment, in case they did not return safely to Framheim
Sets out from Cape Evans on the main southern journey toward the South Pole
A second attempt, with a team made up of Olav Bjaaland, Helmer Hanssen, Sverre Hassel, Oscar Wisting, and Amundsen, depart base camp. They took four sledges and 52 dogs
Amundsens team of five, with 16 dogs, arrives at the Pole (90° 0 S). They arrived 3334 days before Scotts group. Amundsen named their South Pole camp Polheim, meaning "Home on the Pole." Amundsen renamed the Antarctic Plateau as King Haakon VIIs Plateau. They left a small tent and letter stating their accomplishment, in case they did not return safely to Framheim
Motor, pony, dog and man-hauling groups support the advance.
Oates monitors the animals as conditions become increasingly difficult.
Begins the main journey toward the South Pole.
Begins the main southern journey toward the South Pole.
The march south begins on 1 November 1911 with motor, dog and pony groups hauling loaded sledges at different rates along the planned route.
A prolonged blizzard halts the southbound parties and consumes precious time and supplies.
Scott records worsening concern as the blizzard prevents travel and pony fodder runs short.
Bowers checks Scott's detailed figures for rations, transport and supporting-party arrangements.
Girev drives dogs in support of the southern journey, helping move supplies and maintain communication along the route.
The dog parties transport supplies before returning north.
Crean leaves with the main southern party, contributing extensive sledging experience as the expedition advances toward the Beardmore Glacier.
Crean joins Scott's southern party. The route crosses the Barrier, climbs the crevassed Beardmore Glacier to the Polar Plateau, then continues across the plateau toward the South Pole.
Scott completes detailed plans for the southern journey after checking transport and provisioning arrangements.
Oates takes charge of Christopher as Scott assigns ponies and handlers for the southern journey.
Oates travels south with the pony teams, taking responsibility for animal welfare as conditions become increasingly difficult.
Manages expedition ponies during the main march south.
Prepares sledges, ponies, dogs and depots for the southern march.
Scott's transport groups are arranged to provide staged support for the smaller party that will eventually continue toward the South Pole.
Motor sledges carry supplies ahead of the main polar party.
The southbound expedition reorganises after the first supporting party turns back on the Beardmore Glacier.
The depot is placed north of the originally intended latitude.
Keohane hauls supplies with a supporting party on the Beardmore Glacier before turning back toward the expedition base.
Travels as a member of a supporting party on the southern journey.
Is elected chairman of the Social Democratic Party.
Guides debates on electoral reform, organization and political strategy.
Is elected to the Social Democratic Party executive.
Supports the party's organizational work before the coming Reichstag election.
Mobilizes working women through the party's first International Women's Day.
The Germans call Lloyd-Georges Mansion House speech, "warning bordering on menace"
Strengthens Anglo-French cooperation during the Moroccan confrontation.
Returns north with the first supporting party.
Returns from the southern journey support work.
Returns with the first supporting party.
Cherry-Garrard begins the long return from the Beardmore Glacier after completing his assigned supporting role for the polar attempt.
A rebellion breakss out In Morocco against the Sultan, Abdelhafid. by April the Sultan is besieged in his palace in Fez and the French prepare troops to help put down the rebellion under the pretext of protecting European lives and property
Scott names the west Ross Island winter-quarters site Cape Evans in honour of Edward Evans.
His images create an extensive visual record of the expedition.
Terra Nova briefly grounds near Cape Evans while manoeuvring around the ice edge.
Pennell takes Terra Nova away from Cape Evans to continue ship operations and return toward New Zealand.
Oates oversees the ponies at Cape Evans, monitoring their condition and exercising animals intended for the southern journey.
Advises Scott on animal condition and transport limitations.
Maintains morale during the Antarctic winter before the southern journey.
Publishes The Everlasting Mercy after magazine serialization.
Conducts tidal observations while working as expedition biologist.
Witnesses the completed hull enter the water before the fitting-out phase begins.
Harland and Wolff launches Titanic from Slipway Number 3 in Belfast.
Under the Treaty of Fez Germany cedes France a small area of territory to the south-east of Fort Lamy, now part of Chad
A 275 000 km territory, known as Neukamerun, becomes part of the German colony of Kamerun and part of German West Africa, which only lasts briefly until they are captured by the allies in World War I
The Lords receives only a two-year delaying power over other bills.
Scott's parties encounter difficult crevassed ice while climbing toward the polar plateau.
Simpson conducts balloon experiments to investigate atmospheric conditions above Cape Evans.
King George V unveils Brock's completed Victoria Memorial.
Is created Viscount Haldane of Cloan.
Simpson is given command of the Cape Evans weather station for several months when Scott and the southern parties leave in November 1911.
Leads the western party during geological exploration in Victoria Land.
The group begins geological exploration west of McMurdo Sound.
Taylor leads geological exploration of the western mountains and Dry Valleys during the first Western Party journey.
Studies geology with Taylor's Western Party.
Works with the Western Party in McMurdo Sound.
Conducts geological fieldwork with the western exploration party.
Leads geological work west of McMurdo Sound.
Wright contributes physical and glaciological observations during the Western Party's work west of McMurdo Sound.
Terra Nova lands Taylor's Western Party near Butter Point.
Wright lands with the Western Party near Butter Point for geological and glaciological fieldwork.
Taylor and his companions complete the first Western Party journey by returning across the sea ice to Cape Evans.
Travels with Wilson and Cherry-Garrard to Cape Crozier.
Joins the winter journey to collect emperor penguin eggs.
Begins the winter journey to Cape Crozier.
Wilson leaves Cape Evans with Bowers and Cherry-Garrard for Cape Crozier.
Departs with Wilson and Cherry-Garrard for Cape Crozier.
Leaves Cape Evans with Wilson and Bowers during winter.
Begins the winter journey to collect emperor penguin eggs.
Wilson returns exhausted to Cape Evans after five weeks of severe winter travel from Cape Crozier.
Returns to Cape Evans after the winter journey to Cape Crozier.
The party's tent is blown away before being recovered.
Atkinson sets up laboratory equipment for medical and parasitological investigations at Cape Evans.
Cape Evans becomes the principal base of the Terra Nova expedition.
Oates enlarges and reorganises the pony stalls to improve animal management during the Antarctic winter.
Wilson continues zoological study, drawing and specimen work as the expedition settles into Antarctic winter.
Campaigns for women's suffrage through coordinated socialist demonstrations.
Davison hides in a cupboard in the Palace of Westminster overnight so that on the census form she could legitimately give her place of residence that night as the "House of Commons", Tony Benn Member of Parliament placed a plaque there to commemorate the event
Birth of Bruno Kreisky
Elisabeth Grummer is born in German-administered Alsace-Lorraine.
Birth of Euilogio Cantillo
Feodor Lynen is born in Munich.
Birth of George de Mohrenschildt. Birth of George de Mohrenschildt
Heinz Maier-Leibnitz is born in Esslingen.
Birth of Jacob Rubenstein
Birth of Josef Mengele
Klaus Fuchs is born in Russelsheim in the German Empire.
Birth of Randolph Churchill, Winston Churchills only son
Birth of Ronald Reagan
Birth of Thomas Terry Hoar-Stevens
Birth of Vo Nguyen Giap in Quang Binh Province
The future Nobel-winning biochemist is born in Bavaria.
The future German nuclear physicist and research leader is born.
The future theoretical physicist is born into a German family.
The future German lyric soprano is born near Diedenhofen.
Taken to Paris, where a new serum had recently been developed, does not respond and is taken back to Vienna at his request where he dies from his infection on 18 May 1911 at the age of 50, leaving his Symphony No. 10 unfinished. Death of Gustav Mahler
Death of Pyotr Arkadyevich Stolypin, in hospital after being shot 4 days previously
Defeated by the Republicans
Is crowned with Queen Mary at Westminster Abbey.
Crowned King of Great Britain
Becomes the first reigning British monarch attending an Indian durbar.
Marks the formal coronation of the new British monarch.
Provenance
These entries are read from the World History Database date API and written into static HTML. Dates, names and descriptions are reviewed and normalised as the database develops.
Browse all years · Browse by month and day · Search the full database