Death of Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg
Death of Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg
Historical events in 1921
528 historical records
January 192110 historical events
Seventeenth Infantry Brigade Cork Appointment
Becomes brigade major of 17th Infantry Brigade at Victoria Barracks during the Irish conflict.
President of Switzerland
Begins a one-year term as President of the Swiss Confederation.
Occupation
Becomes the 1st Prime Minister to reside in Chequers
Conference of Paris
The Paris Conference fixes German war reparations
Reparations
The Paris Conference fixes German war reparations
President of Bolivia
Saavedra begins his constitutional presidency after the Republican movement takes power.
Führergehilfen Staff Training Begins
Jodl begins Führergehilfen training, the Reichswehr's concealed system of general staff education.
Battle of Inonu, 1st
Defeats the Greeks at the 1st Battle of Inonu
Geometry and Experience Lecture
Explains how geometry acquires physical meaning through measurement and discusses the relationship between mathematical geometry and the spacetime structure of general relativity.
February 192130 historical events
Resignation of Edward Carson
Resigns as Party Leader
Minister of War
Appointed Minister of War
Gosplan
Initially Gosplan has an advisery function, with its entire staff consisting of just 34 people selected on the basis of academic expertise in specialized aspects of industry; just 7 are members of the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks). Appointed head of Gosplan
Economy of Russia
With the ongoing turn to a market-based system of production as part of the New Economic Policy (NEP), very real constraints exist on the possible extent of central planning during the initial phase of Gosplan
Gosplan
Gosplan is formally established by a Sovnarkom decree.
Gosplan
Initially Gosplan has an advisery function, with its entire staff consisting of just 34 people selected on the basis of academic expertise in specialized aspects of industry. just 7 are members of the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks).
Gosplan
With the ongoing turn to a market-based system of production as part of the New Economic Policy (NEP), very real constraints exist on the possible extent of central planning during the initial phase of Gosplan.
Bolshevik Party
The Red Army enters capital Tbilisi and installs a puppet communist Government led by Georgian Bolshevik Filipp Makharadze
Red Army
The Red Army enters capital Tbilisi and installs a puppet communist Government led by Georgian Bolshevik Filipp Makharadze
Siege of Tbilisi
The Red Army enters capital Tbilisi and installs a puppet communist Government led by Georgian Bolshevik Filipp Makharadze
Bolshevik Party
The Red Army enters capital Tbilisi and installs a puppet communist Government led by Georgian Bolshevik Filipp Makharadze
Invasion of Georgia
The Red Army enters capital Tbilisi and installs a puppet communist Government led by Georgian Bolshevik Filipp Makharadze
Red Army
The Red Army enters capital Tbilisi and installs a puppet communist Government led by Georgian Bolshevik Filipp Makharadze
Siege of Tbilisi
The Red Army enters capital Tbilisi and installs a puppet communist Government led by Georgian Bolshevik Filipp Makharadze
Treaty of Friendship
Afghanistan signs a friendship treaty with Soviet Russia, securing diplomatic recognition, aid, and transit arrangements.
Reballion of Leon Trotsky
Leads the army units against the Kronstadt sailors
Bolshevik Party
An anti-bolshevik rebellion breaks out among Kronstadt sailors
Reballion of anti-bolshevik
An anti-bolshevik rebellion breaks out among Kronstadt sailors
Kronstadt Rebellion
Supports sailor demands against Bolshevik political monopoly.
Kronstadt Rebellion
Joins sailors backing the revolt against Bolshevik authority.
Kronstadt Rebellion
Serves as a military specialist inside the rebel fortress.
Kronstadt Rebellion
Supports the Petropavlovsk resolution demanding free Soviet elections.
Kronstadt Rebellion
Helps lead sailors protesting against Bolshevik rule.
Reballion of Leon Trotsky
Leads the army units against the Kronstadt sailors
Bolshevik Party
An anti-bolshevik rebellion breaks out among Kronstadt sailors
Reballion of anti-bolshevik
An anti-bolshevik rebellion breaks out among Kronstadt sailors
Reballion of Leon Trotsky
Leads the army units against the Kronstadt sailors
Rally
Addresses over 6,000 people in the Circus Krone
Economy of Russia
The State Planning Commission, GOSPLAN, is founded. Early in February 1921 the Politburo unanimously voted for Vladimir Lenins proposal of ending the forced requisitioning of grain
GOSPLAN
The State Planning Commission, GOSPLAN, is founded which publishes economic statistics
March 192179 historical events
Occupation
The Allies enter Germany to enforce reparations
Kronstadt Rebellion
Addresses sailors but fails to stop the revolt.
Kronstadt Rebellion
Sees the revolt as a grave threat during the civil war crisis.
Kronstadt Rebellion
Denounces the Kronstadt sailors as enemies of Soviet power.
Kronstadt Rebellion
Faces revolt from sailors who demand free Soviets.
Entry into Amman
Abdullah arrived in Amman on 2 March 1921, a decisive step in making the town the centre of his new administration.
Kronstadt Rebellion
Orders the rebels to submit to Soviet authority.
Kronstadt Rebellion
Supports rebel administration inside the fortress.
Kronstadt Rebellion
Helps coordinate rebel communication and defence.
Kronstadt Rebellion
Joins the revolutionary committee organising the uprising.
Kronstadt Rebellion
Serves on the rebel revolutionary committee.
Kronstadt Rebellion
Chairs the Provisional Revolutionary Committee in Kronstadt.
Copenhagen Physics Institute Opened
Creates an international centre for atomic and quantum research.
Institute for Theoretical Physics
Opens the University of Copenhagen institute devoted to theoretical physics.
Kronstadt Rebellion
Backs the party line against the Kronstadt revolt.
Kronstadt Rebellion
Supports Bolshevik action against the naval revolt.
Kronstadt Rebellion
Supports security measures during the rebellion.
Inauguration
Kisses the same bible used in the inauguration of George Washington
Vice President
Inaugurated Vice President of the USA
Kronstadt Rebellion
Receives command of forces assigned to crush the revolt.
Kronstadt Rebellion
Commands Red Army units during the assault preparations.
Kronstadt Rebellion
Helps organise artillery defence against the Red Army assault.
Kronstadt Rebellion
Supports suppression of the Kronstadt revolt.
Kronstadt Rebellion
Threatens severe punishment unless the sailors surrender.
Kronstadt Rebellion
Launches the first Red Army assault across the ice.
Kronstadt Rebellion
Participates in Red Army operations against Kronstadt.
Kronstadt Rebellion
Rejects Bolshevik ultimatums and continues resistance.
Kronstadt Rebellion
Argues at the party congress that the revolt must be defeated.
Kronstadt Rebellion
Links the revolt to the wider crisis facing Soviet power.
Kronstadt Rebellion
Helps mobilise loyal Communist forces for the attack.
Kronstadt Rebellion
Supports party mobilisation against the rebellion.
Kronstadt Rebellion
Supports the Bolshevik response during the party congress.
Kronstadt Rebellion
Serves among commanders used in operations against the fortress.
Kronstadt Rebellion
Supports party unity against the rebellion.
Kronstadt Rebellion
Addresses the party congress while Petrograd remains under pressure.
Kronstadt Rebellion
Appeals against bloodshed during the crisis.
Kronstadt Rebellion
Condemns Bolshevik repression of the sailors.
Kronstadt Rebellion
Criticises Bolshevik suppression from exile.
Kronstadt Rebellion
Regroups forces after the first assault fails.
Kronstadt Rebellion
Maintains rebel morale as the fortress holds out.
Transjordan Mandate
Churchill convened British officials in Cairo to reconsider postwar policy in the Middle East. Their discussions helped establish the framework for an Arab-led administration in Transjordan under British supervision.
Kronstadt Rebellion
Directs Petrograd political mobilisation during the siege.
Kronstadt Rebellion
Zinoviev directs political responses during the Kronstadt crisis.
Kronstadt Rebellion
Prepares the final assault across the frozen gulf.
Kronstadt Rebellion
Commands forces assigned to the southern assault group.
Kronstadt Rebellion
Leads Red troops prepared for the renewed attack.
Trade Agreement
An agreement is made to resume Anglo-Soviet trade relations
Congress of Communist Party, 10th
Zinoviev is made a full member of the Politburo after the Xth Party Congress
Politburo
Zinoviev is made a full member of the Politburo after the Xth Party Congress
Pact between Russia and Turkey
Under a pact between Russia & Turkey the Kars region becomes part of Turkey
Rule of Kars
Under a pact between Russia & Turkey the Kars region becomes part of Turkey
Trade Agreement
An agreement is made to resume Anglo-Soviet trade relations
Under a pact between Russia & Turkey the Kars region becomes part
Under a pact between Russia & Turkey the Kars region becomes part of Turkey
Kronstadt Rebellion
Participates in operations as Red forces close on the fortress.
Pact between Russia and Turkey
Under a pact between Russia & Turkey the Kars region becomes part of Turkey
Rule of Kars
Under a pact between Russia & Turkey the Kars region becomes part of Turkey
Pact between Russia and Turkey
Under a pact between Russia & Turkey the Kars region becomes part of Turkey
Rule of Kars
Under a pact between Russia & Turkey the Kars region becomes part of Turkey
Under a pact between Russia & Turkey the Kars region becomes part
Under a pact between Russia & Turkey the Kars region becomes part of Turkey
Kronstadt Rebellion
Leaves the fortress with retreating rebels.
Kronstadt Rebellion
Orders the final assault on Kronstadt.
Kronstadt Rebellion
Flees toward Finland as Red forces enter Kronstadt.
Treaty of Riga Frontier
The Treaty of Riga confirms a Polish-Soviet frontier well east of the Curzon Line, leaving the British proposal unused as the interwar boundary.
Kronstadt Rebellion
Uses the crisis to justify tighter party discipline.
Kronstadt Rebellion
Announces Bolshevik victory after Kronstadt is taken.
Kronstadt Rebellion
Red Army troops capture Kronstadt after heavy fighting.
Kronstadt Rebellion
Enters exile after the suppression of the rebellion.
Kronstadt Rebellion
Defends the suppression as necessary for Soviet survival.
Referendum
Plebiscite in Upper Silesia, they vote to remain part of Germany. Allied Plebiscite Commission rejects vote, draws boundary anyway; takes section of mines, mills and furnaces and 350,000 Germans and puts them under Polish rule
Rule of Silesia
Plebiscite in Upper Silesia, they vote to remain part of Germany. Allied Plebiscite Commission rejects vote, draws boundary anyway; takes section of mines, mills and furnaces and 350,000 Germans and puts them under Polish rule
Transjordan Mandate
Abdullah met Churchill in Jerusalem to discuss the future government of Transjordan. The negotiations produced British acceptance of Abdullah as ruler within an arrangement subject to imperial oversight.
Battle of Inonu, 2nd
Defeats the Greeks at the 2nd Battle of Inonu
Cairo Conference
Participates in the Cairo Conference on Britain's Middle Eastern policy.
Iraq Settlement
Advises on arrangements that help place Faisal on the throne of Iraq.
Transjordan Settlement
Contributes to British discussions that recognise Abdullah's position in Transjordan.
Transjordan Mandate
Churchill supported a political arrangement under which Abdullah would govern territory east of the Jordan River. Britain expected the arrangement to stabilize the region without imposing direct administration from Jerusalem.
Transjordan Mandate
Separates Transjordan administration from Palestine mandate policy.
Constitution of Poland
The powers of the President are cut back & Pilsudski refuses to stand for election
Election
The powers of the President are cut back & Pilsudski refuses to stand for election
April 192111 historical events
First Arrival in New York
Arrives in New York during his first visit to the United States, including lectures and fundraising.
Prime Minister
Takes office as Prime Minister of Finland and forms a government in Helsinki.
Government Ends
His government ends in Helsinki, concluding this term as Prime Minister of Finland.
Death of William Joseph Walsh
Walsh dies in Dublin after more than three decades as archbishop and is buried in Glasnevin Cemetery.
Council of Advisers
The first Transjordanian government was formed on 11 April 1921 as a Council of Advisers, giving Abdullah an executive body for the new emirate.
Transjordan Mandate
The first central government of Transjordan was formed under Rashid Tali. Abdullah used this administration to consolidate authority over districts that previously had separate local arrangements.
Prime Minister of Hungary
Appointed Prime Minister of Hungary by the Regent, Horthy
Allied Reparations Committee
Allied Reparations Committee levels 33 billion war reparations debt onto Germany; commands the handing over of 26% of all exports for 42 years and puts the Germans immediately into 12 billion in arrears
Reparations
Allied Reparations Committee levels 33 billion war reparations debt onto Germany; commands the handing over of 26% of all exports for 42 years and puts the Germans immediately into 12 billion in arrears
Reparations
The reparations bill is tallied when the Reparations Commission determines that damages caused by Germany amount to $33 billion or 133 billion gold marks. Reparations payments are to be made in cash or by such in-kind commodities as steel and coal
Transjordan Mandate
Rules Transjordan within the British mandate framework.
May 192117 historical events
Invasion of Silesia
Polish forces under Wojciech Korfantry invade Upper Silesia
Rule of Silesia
Polish forces under Wojciech Korfantry invade Upper Silesia
London Ultimatum
The London Ultimatum sets the total sum of the war indemnity at 132 billion marks
Reparations
The London Ultimatum sets the total sum of the war indemnity at 132 billion marks
Royal Society Foreign Membership
Elected a Foreign Member of the Royal Society.
Democratic Programme
Kerensky records his position on democratic programme in exile.
Legislation
Emergency Quota Act, restricts immigration to 3% of the nationality within the US
American Radium Gift
Receives a gram of radium from American supporters.
American Radium Gift
Presents Marie Curie with radium bought by American donors.
Battle of St Annaberg
German Freikorps smash Polish forces at St Annaberg
Invasion of Silesia
German Freikorps smash Polish forces at St Annaberg
Freikorps
Under Allied pressure, all Freikorps units are outlawed
Lords of Appeal in Ordinary
Appointed one of seven Lords of Appeal in Ordinary
Birth of Stanley Harding Stan Mortensen
Birth of Stanley Harding "Stan" Mortensen
Economy of USA
Emergency Tariff Act, increases duties on farm products & other goods
Legislation
Emergency Tariff Act, increases duties on farm products & other goods
Einwohnerwehr Dissolution
Accepts the political necessity of dissolving the Bavarian Einwohnerwehr organisation after sustained Allied pressure for disarmament.
June 192114 historical events
Peerage
Created a life peer as Baron Carson, of Duncairn in the County of Antrim
Constitution of Great Britain
Northern Irelands 1st Parliament sits
Birth of Thojib Suharto
Birth of Thojib Suharto
Manchester Honorary Doctorate and Relativity Lecture
Receives an honorary Doctor of Science degree from the University of Manchester and lectures on relativity.
Birth of Philip
Bith of Philip, son of Princess Alice & Prince Angrew of Greece
Budget and Accounting Act
The Act creates an executive budget system and the General Accounting Office.
Bureau of the Budget & Manual Accounting
Budget & Accounting Act, creates the Bureau of the Budget & Manual Accounting Office
Legislation
Budget & Accounting Act, creates the Bureau of the Budget & Manual Accounting Office
Peace
The British Government & Sinn Fein agree a truce
First Otto B. Halvorsen Government
The First Otto B. Halvorsen Government ends in Oslo, concluding this term as Prime Minister of Norway.
Second Otto Blehr Government
Begins the Second Otto Blehr Government in Oslo and serves as Prime Minister of Norway.
Aland Islands
Finland retains sovereignty after League mediation.
Aland Islands
Sweden accepts the League settlement over the islands.
Chief Justice
Appointed Chief Justice of the Supreme Court
July 192123 historical events
War with Germany is declared to be at an end by joint
War with Germany is declared to be at an end by joint resolution of Congress
NSDAP
Adolf Hitler resigns from the party to force the hand of Anton Drexler not to unite with the DSP
War of Independence Truce
Accepts the truce that ends major hostilities in the War of Independence and opens the way to negotiations.
First BCG Vaccination
Administers the first human BCG vaccination with clinical collaborators.
Tuberculosis Vaccine
Introduces a live attenuated vaccine for preventing tuberculosis.
Agrarian Reform
Ferdinand promulgates a major agrarian reform redistributing large estates.
NSDAP
Adolf Hitler rejoins the party
Chairman
Appointed Chairman of the NSDAP
Der Fuhrer
Adolf Hitler assumes leadership of the NSDAP, he becomes "Der Fuhrer"
NSDAP
Adolf Hitler assumes leadership of the NSDAP, he becomes "Der Fuhrer"
Communist Party
The official beginning is the 1st Congress held in Shanghai and attended by 53 men when the formal and unified name Zhongguo G•ngchan Dang (Chinese Communist Party) is adopted
Communist Party
The official beginning is the 1st Congress held in Shanghai and attended by 53 men when the formal and unified name Zhongguo G•ngchan Dang (Chinese Communist Party) is adopted
Communist Party
The official beginning is the 1st Congress held in Shanghai and attended by 53 men when the formal and unified name Zhongguo G•ngchan Dang (Chinese Communist Party) is adopted
Communist Party
The official beginning is the 1st Congress held in Shanghai and attended by 53 men when the formal and unified name Zhongguo G•ngchan Dang (Chinese Communist Party) is adopted
Communist Party
The official beginning is the 1st Congress held in Shanghai and attended by 53 men when the formal and unified name Zhongguo G•ngchan Dang (Chinese Communist Party) is adopted
Communist Party
The official beginning is the 1st Congress held in Shanghai and attended by 53 men when the formal and unified name Zhongguo G•ngchan Dang (Chinese Communist Party) is adopted
Communist Party
The official beginning is the 1st Congress held in Shanghai and attended by 53 men when the formal and unified name Zhongguo G•ngchan Dang (Chinese Communist Party) is adopted
Communist Party
The official beginning is the 1st Congress held in Shanghai and attended by 53 men when the formal and unified name Zhongguo G•ngchan Dang (Chinese Communist Party) is adopted
Treaty Negotiations
Meets British Prime Minister David Lloyd George during exploratory talks preceding the Anglo-Irish Treaty negotiations.
Bolshevik Party
The "First Period" in Comintern history, with the Bolshevik revolution under attack in the Russian Civil War and a wave of revolutions across Europe, the Cominterns priority was exporting the October Revolution
Comintern
Third Congress, held in June-July 1921, talked about how the struggle could be transformed into "civil war" when the circumstances were favorable and "openly revolutionary uprisings". The "First Period" in Comintern history, with the Bolshevik revolution under attack in the Russian Civil War and a wave of revolutions across Europe, the Cominterns priority was exporting the October Revolution
Independence of Korea
Returns to Honolulu to continue leadership of Korean independence
Independence of South Korea
Returns to Honolulu to continue leadership of Korean independence
August 192123 historical events
Constitution of Germany
Sweeps away committees & establishes the "leadership principle"
Reform of Political Parties
Sweeps away committees & establishes the "leadership principle"
Death of Georg von Schonerer
Death of Georg von Schonerer
Constitution of Ireland
De Valera rejects Dominion status for Ireland
Anglo-Irish Agreement
Collins crushes opposition to the Free State Treaty in Dublin & is ambushed in Cork
Assassination of Michael John "Mick" Collins
Collins crushes opposition to the Free State Treaty in Dublin & is ambushed in Cork
Death of Michael John Mick Collins
Death of Michael Collins
Free State
Collins crushes opposition to the Free State Treaty in Dublin & is ambushed in Cork
Coronation
The British find a vacant throne in Iraq & after a referendum he is enthroned
Referendum
The British find a vacant throne in Iraq & after a referendum he is enthroned
Peace
The Irish Dail rejects the British peace offer
Battle of Bavaria
Honored with the title of Ghazi, "the Victorious". Defeats the Greeks & within 1 yr expels them from Turkish soil
Battle of Sakaria
Honored with the title of Ghazi, "the Victorious". Defeats the Greeks & within 1 yr expels them from Turkish soil
Peace Treaty at Berlin
The US signs a peace Treaty with Germany in Berlin
Peace Treaty
The US signs a peace Treaty with Germany in Berlin
Emergency Decree Protest
Protests against President Friedrich Ebert's nationwide state of emergency, regarding federal intervention as a threat to Bavarian autonomy.
Sports Section
Founds the Gymnastic & Sports Section to protect NSDAP speakers, forerunner of the SA
Constitution of Ireland
The Priomh Aire (also known as President of Dail Eireann) is upgraded to President of the Republic, a full head of state
Dail Eireann
The Priomh Aire (also known as President of Dail Eireann) is upgraded to President of the Republic, a full head of state
Priomh Aire
The Priomh Aire (also known as President of Dail Eireann) is upgraded to President of the Republic, a full head of state
Reballion of crush the Kronstadt
Helps crush the Kronstadt Revolt
Reballion of crush the Kronstadt
Helps crush the Kronstadt Revolt
Reballion of crush the Kronstadt
Helps crush the Kronstadt Revolt
September 192110 historical events
Resignation as Prime Minister
Resigns as Bavarian prime minister after losing the struggle to preserve the Einwohnerwehr and its armed strength.
Arrest of Adolf Hitler
Hitler and SA disrupt speech by Otto Ballestedt of the Bayernbund; beaten badly; Hitler with others arrested
Benes Government
Begins the Benes Government in Prague and serves as Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia.
First Cerny Government
The First Cerny Government ends in Prague, concluding this term as Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia.
Economy of USA
Presides over the National Conference on Unemployment, estimated at 5.7 million
National Conference on Unemployment
Presides over the National Conference on Unemployment, estimated at 5.7 million
Economy of Germany
An economic crisis grips Germany which causes runaway inflation and ends additional reparations installments
Inflation
An economic crisis grips Germany which causes runaway inflation and ends additional reparations installments
Reparations
An initial payment of $250 million reparations is made. An economic crisis grips Germany which causes runaway inflation and ends additional reparations installments
Return to Regional Presidency
Returns to his position as regional president of Upper Bavaria after leaving the Bavarian premiership.
October 192116 historical events
League of Nations
The League of Nations rejects Russia's membership
Destiny
Directs Der mude Tod, released in English as Destiny.
Peace
Collins takes up quarters at 15 Cadogan Gardens. His personal staff included Liam Tobin, Ned Broy and Joe McGrath
Peace
Collins takes up quarters at 15 Cadogan Gardens. His personal staff included Liam Tobin, Ned Broy and Joe McGrath
Peace
Irish Treaty delegates Arthur Griffith (leader) and Robert Barton (with Robert Erskine Childers as Secretary General to the delegation) set up headquarters at 22 Hans Place in Knightsbridge and reside there until conclusion of the Treaty in December. Collins takes up quarters at 15 Cadogan Gardens. His personal staff included Liam Tobin, Ned Broy and Joe McGrath
Peace
Collins takes up quarters at 15 Cadogan Gardens. His personal staff included Liam Tobin, Ned Broy and Joe McGrath
Peace
Irish Treaty delegates Arthur Griffith (leader) and Robert Barton (with Robert Erskine Childers as Secretary General to the delegation) set up headquarters at 22 Hans Place in Knightsbridge and reside there until conclusion of the Treaty in December
Peace
Irish Treaty delegates Arthur Griffith (leader) and Robert Barton (with Robert Erskine Childers as Secretary General to the delegation) set up headquarters at 22 Hans Place in Knightsbridge and reside there until conclusion of the Treaty in December
Independence of Crimea
Crimea is granted its independence
Independence of Russia
Crimea is granted its independence
Assassination of Antonio Granjo
Antonio Granjo is assassinated
Upper Silesia
Germany loses part of Upper Silesia after League arbitration.
Upper Silesia
Accepts a partition settlement in Upper Silesia.
Peace
Anglo-Irish peace talks begin
Chancellor
Appointed Chancellor of Germany, 2nd term, Joseph Wirth (Center) forms 2nd cabinet
Arrest of Charles I
Arrested after trying to regain the Austrian throne
November 192113 historical events
Capture of Hail
Brings Hail and the Rashidi emirate under Saudi control.
Capture of Hail
Participates in the final campaigns that incorporate Hail.
Birth of Charles Bronson
Birth of Charles Bronson, one of 15 children born to a Lithuanian immigrant father of Lipka Tatar ancestry and a Lithuanian mother
Economy of Germany
German currency begins to collapse
Assassination of Kei Hara
The Prime Minister of Japan is assassinated by a Korean
Death of Kei Hara
The Prime Minister of Japan is assassinated by a Korean
The Skeik
The release of The Skeik makes Valentino a cult figure
Birth of Doris Hilda Anderson
Birth of Doris Hilda Anderson
Conference of Washington
Opening day, the US wants peace in the Pacific
Birth of Earling Carothers Jim Garrison
Birth of Earling Carothers "Jim" Garrison
Anglo-Afghan Treaty
Britain and Afghanistan sign a treaty establishing normal diplomatic relations after independence.
Regency
Appointed Regent, due to fathers illnes
Birth of Alexander Dubcek
Birth of Alexander Dubcek
December 192144 historical events
Peace
Britain signs a peace Treaty with Ireland
Anglo-Irish Treaty
Griffith heads the Irish plenipotentiaries who place their names on the Anglo-Irish Treaty in London.
Constitution of Ireland
The new Irish Free State is to be a Dominion, with a bicameral Parliament, executive authority vested in the king but exercised by an Irish Government elected by a lower house called Dail Eireann. Negotiations ultimately result in the Anglo-Irish Treaty signed on 6 December 1921, which provides for a new Irish State, named the "Irish Free State"
Dail Eireann
The new Irish Free State is to be a Dominion, with a bicameral Parliament, executive authority vested in the king but exercised by an Irish Government elected by a lower house called Dail Eireann
Free State
The new Irish Free State is to be a Dominion, with a bicameral Parliament, executive authority vested in the king but exercised by an Irish Government elected by a lower house called Dail Eireann. Negotiations ultimately result in the Anglo-Irish Treaty signed on 6 December 1921, which provides for a new Irish State, named the "Irish Free State"
Independence of Ireland
The new Irish Free State is to be a Dominion, with a bicameral Parliament, executive authority vested in the king but exercised by an Irish Government elected by a lower house called Dail Eireann
Irish Free State
The new Irish Free State is to be a Dominion, with a bicameral Parliament, executive authority vested in the king but exercised by an Irish Government elected by a lower house called Dail Eireann
Anglo-Irish Treaty
Collins signs the settlement that creates a constitutional path toward the Irish Free State.
Anglo-Irish Treaty
Adds his signature to the Anglo-Irish Treaty on behalf of the Irish delegation.
Anglo-Irish Treaty
Signs the Anglo-Irish Treaty as a plenipotentiary of the Dail government.
Anglo-Irish Treaty
Signs the Anglo-Irish Treaty as one of the five Irish plenipotentiaries.
Anglo-Irish Agreement
Negotiations ultimately result in the Anglo-Irish Treaty signed on 6 December 1921, which provides for a new Irish State, named the "Irish Free State"
Anglo-Irish Agreement
Republican purists regard it as a sell-out, with the replacement of the republic by dominion status within the British Empire, and an Oath of Allegiance made (it was then claimed) directly to the King.
Anglo-Irish Agreement
The Treaty provides for a possible all state, subject to the right of a six-county region in the northeast to opt out of the Free State (which it immediately does).
Anglo-Irish Agreement
The new Irish Free State is to be a Dominion, with a bicameral Parliament, executive authority vested in the king but exercised by an Irish Government elected by a lower house called Dail Eireann.
Constitution of Ireland
Negotiations ultimately result in the Anglo-Irish Treaty signed on 6 December 1921, which provides for a new Irish State, named the "Irish Free State"
Dail Eireann
The new Irish Free State is to be a Dominion, with a bicameral Parliament, executive authority vested in the king but exercised by an Irish Government elected by a lower house called Dail Eireann
Free State
Negotiations ultimately result in the Anglo-Irish Treaty signed on 6 December 1921, which provides for a new Irish State, named the "Irish Free State."
Free State
The Treaty provides for a possible all state, subject to the right of a six-county region in the northeast to opt out of the Free State (which it immediately does).
Free State
The new Irish Free State is to be a Dominion, with a bicameral Parliament, executive authority vested in the king but exercised by an Irish Government elected by a lower house called Dail Eireann.
Independence of Ireland
The new Irish Free State is to be a Dominion, with a bicameral Parliament, executive authority vested in the king but exercised by an Irish Government elected by a lower house called Dail Eireann. Negotiations ultimately result in the Anglo-Irish Treaty signed on 6 December 1921, which provides for a new Irish State, named the "Irish Free State"
Irish Free State
The new Irish Free State is to be a Dominion, with a bicameral Parliament, executive authority vested in the king but exercised by an Irish Government elected by a lower house called Dail Eireann. Negotiations ultimately result in the Anglo-Irish Treaty signed on 6 December 1921, which provides for a new Irish State, named the "Irish Free State"
Anglo-Irish Agreement
Negotiations ultimately result in the Anglo-Irish Treaty signed on 6 December 1921, which provides for a new Irish State, named the "Irish Free State"
Anglo-Irish Agreement
Republican purists regard it as a sell-out, with the replacement of the republic by dominion status within the British Empire, and an Oath of Allegiance made (it was then claimed) directly to the King.
Anglo-Irish Agreement
The Treaty provides for a possible all state, subject to the right of a six-county region in the northeast to opt out of the Free State (which it immediately does).
Anglo-Irish Agreement
The new Irish Free State is to be a Dominion, with a bicameral Parliament, executive authority vested in the king but exercised by an Irish Government elected by a lower house called Dail Eireann.
Dail Eireann
The new Irish Free State is to be a Dominion, with a bicameral Parliament, executive authority vested in the king but exercised by an Irish Government elected by a lower house called Dail Eireann
Free State
Negotiations ultimately result in the Anglo-Irish Treaty signed on 6 December 1921, which provides for a new Irish State, named the "Irish Free State."
Free State
The Treaty provides for a possible all state, subject to the right of a six-county region in the northeast to opt out of the Free State (which it immediately does).
Free State
The new Irish Free State is to be a Dominion, with a bicameral Parliament, executive authority vested in the king but exercised by an Irish Government elected by a lower house called Dail Eireann.
Peace
de Valera nominates a team of delegates headed by Arthur Griffith, with Michael Collins as his deputy, Collins agreed to go to London. Britain signs a peace Treaty with Ireland
Nobel Prize in Literature
Is awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature for elegant style, human sympathy, and distinguished literary achievement.
Commissar
Appointed Commissar for Foreign Affairs
Dismissal
Dismisses leading Russian diplomats including ambassadors in London, Washington & Rome
Death of Hardinge Stanley Giffard
Death of Hardinge Stanley Giffard
First Georges Theunis Government
Begins the First Georges Theunis Government in Brussels and serves as Prime Minister of Belgium.
Henri Carton de Wiart Government
The Henri Carton de Wiart Government ends in Brussels, concluding this period as Prime Minister of Belgium.
Voelkischer Beobachter
NSDAP buys its first paper, the Voelkischer Beobachter
Prime Minister of Canada
Forms his first Liberal government.
NSDAP
The NSDAP total party membership comes to 2000
Eton Departure
Leaves Eton without going to university.
Treaty Cabinet Division
Opposes the Anglo-Irish Treaty after the Irish delegation returns from London with the signed agreement.
Anglo-Irish Agreement
The Treaty is controversial, Eamon de Valera, President of the Irish Republic is unhappy that Collins had signed any deal without his and his cabinets authorisation. Most of the Irish Republican Army oppose the Treaty, opening the prospect of civil war
Anglo-Irish Agreement
The Treaty is controversial, Eamon de Valera, President of the Irish Republic is unhappy that Collins had signed any deal without his and his cabinets authorisation
Interior Minister Appointed
Appointed Minister of Interior for a 2nd term
War Minister Appointed
Appointed Minister of War during the early parliamentary period
Secretary of State for Interior
Appointed Minister of the Interior, 2nd term
Secretary of State for War and the Colonies
Appointed Minister of War
Chancellor
Chosen to head a coalition Government with the support of the Christian Social Party and the Pan-Germans. Appointed Chancellor of Austria, 1st term
Treaty of Lany
Signs the Treaty of Lany with Czech
Exile of Charles I
Returns to Hungary but fails to regain the throne
Exile of Charles I
Exiled to the island of Madeira
Succession
Proclaims himself Charles VI of Hungary but fails to secure the throne
Party Leader
Appointed Party Leader of the Christian Socialist Party
Hahn Decomposition Theorem
Establishes decomposition of a signed measure into positive and negative regions.
Signed Measure Decomposition
Provides a foundational theorem in modern measure theory.
Breslau Professorship
Takes an ordinary professorship at Breslau during a period of rapid advancement through German universities.
Zurich Chair of Theoretical Physics
Accepts the chair of theoretical physics at the University of Zurich, beginning the most productive period of his scientific career.
Comintern
Elected to the executive committee of the Comintern
Attorney General
Appointed Attorney General for Alberta
Minister of Justice
Appointed Minister of Justice
Discovery of Insulin
Jointly discovers insulin as a remedy for diabetes
President of China
Appointed President of the Southern Chinese Republic
Communist Party
The Communist Party of China is initially founded by Chen Duxiu and Li Dazhao in the French concession of Shanghai as a study society and an informal network. Chen Duxiu and Li Dazhao shift to the Left and are among the leading founders of the 1921 Communist Party of China
Communist Party
The Communist Party of China is initially founded by Chen Duxiu and Li Dazhao in the French concession of Shanghai as a study society and an informal network. Chen Duxiu and Li Dazhao shift to the Left and are among the leading founders of the 1921 Communist Party of China
Communist Party
Forms a local branch of the Communist Party & a Marxist study group
Communist Party
1 of 13 in Shanghai who form the Chinese Communist Party
Exile of Tsai Hosen
Deported from France
Socialist Youth
Founds the Socialist Youth League
Communist Party
Present at the first congress as one of two delegates from a Hunan communist group
Secretary of Chinese Communist Party
Appointed Secretary of the CCP
Alliance Sun Yat-Sen and to the Kuomingtangagainst Imperialism
Lenins agent Joffe offers help to the Kuomingtangagainst Imperialism
Congress of Kuomingtang
1st Party Congress approves totalitarian reconstruction & expells the disidents
Reform of Political System
The Kuomingtang is based on the Russian CP. Reurns to Canton where Soviet agents led by Michael Borodin reorganize the Kuomingtang
Alliance Sun Yat-Sen and Manchurian warlord Chang Tso-lin
Allies with Manchurian warlord Chang Tso-lin who is defeated in battle by Wu Pei-fu
Exile of Chu Teh
Forced to flee from the Yunnan Province after a rival political faction gains power
Capture of China
Captures some provinces in Northern China
Money and Other Stories
Publication of "Money & Other Stories"
Communist Party
Founds the Czechoslovak Communist Party
Minister of Finance
Appointed Minister of Finance
Death of Camille Saint-Saens
Death of Camille Saint-Saens
Nobel Prize
Winner of the Nobel Prize for Literature
League Secretariat
Serves as Deputy Secretary-General in the League Secretariat.
Prime Minister of Georgia
Georgia is attacked by the Red Army, the Georgian army is defeated and the Social-Democrat Government fled the country
Red Army
Georgia is attacked by the Red Army, the Georgian army is defeated and the Social-Democrat Government fled the country
Red Army
Georgia is attacked by the Red Army, the Georgian army is defeated and the Social-Democrat Government fled the country
Rule of Georgia
Georgia is attacked by the Red Army, the Georgian army is defeated and the Social-Democrat Government fled the country
Invasion of Georgia
Georgia is attacked by the Red Army, the Georgian army is defeated and the Social-Democrat Government fled the country
Red Army
Georgia is attacked by the Red Army, the Georgian army is defeated and the Social-Democrat Government fled the country
Rule of Georgia
Georgia is attacked by the Red Army, the Georgian army is defeated and the Social-Democrat Government fled the country
Shattered
Directs Scherben, an influential Kammerspielfilm.
The Indian Tomb
Writes the screenplay for Das indische Grabmal, directed by Joe May.
Minister President
Appointed Minister President of Prussia
Abwehr
The Abwehr was created in 1921 as part of the Ministry of Defence when Germany was allowed to form the Reichswehr, the military organisation of the Weimar Republic
Chancellor
Appointed Chancellor of Germany, 1st term
Chancellor
Appointed Chancellor of Germany, 2nd term
Legislation
National Disarmament Law takes effect, disbands civil guards
Deputy
Appointed Deputy of the Prussian Landtag
Minister of Reconstruction
Appointed Minister of Reconstruction
Deputy
Appointed Deputy in the Reichstag
Heidelberg Philosophy Professorship
Jaspers becomes professor of philosophy at the University of Heidelberg.
Catholic Centre Party
Appointed Member of Catholic Centre Party
Chairman
Appointed Chairman of the Centre Group in the Reichstag
President of Germany
Appointed President of the Prussian Council
Comintern
Levi was expelled by the Comintern for "indiscipline"
Stabswache
One of the founders of the Sturmabteilung (SA) and also helps form the Stabswache, which was an early company of SA troops assigned as bodyguards to Hitler
Sturmabteilung (SA)
One of the founders of the Sturmabteilung (SA) and also helps form the Stabswache, which was an early company of SA troops assigned as bodyguards to Hitler
Gymnastics & Sports Division
The SA is founded, known as the Gymnastics & Sports Division of the Nazi Party
NSDAP
Membership of the NSDAP has grown from 190 in Jan 1920 to 3,300 by Aug 1921
Rally
Addresses a meeting where the 1st group of the party outside Munich had been founded
Sturmabteilung (SA)
The SA is founded, known as the Gymnastics & Sports Division of the Nazi Party
Voelkischer Beobachter
Adolf Hitler acquires all shares in the Voelkischer Beobachter company, making him the sole owner of the publication
Comintern
Appointed member of the Executive Committee of the Communist International
Ramsauer Effect
Discovers an unexpected minimum in the scattering of low-energy electrons by noble-gas atoms, revealing their wave behaviour.
Upper Silesia
The League of Nations announces Poland will have Upper Silesia with 4/5 of mines
Sturmabteilung (SA)
One of the founders of the Sturmabteilung (SA) and also helps form the Stabswache, which was an early company of SA troops assigned as bodyguards to Hitler
Gymnastics & Sports Division
The SA is founded, known as the Gymnastics & Sports Division of the Nazi Party
NSDAP
The SA is founded, known as the Gymnastics & Sports Division of the Nazi Party
Sturmabteilung (SA)
The SA is founded, known as the Gymnastics & Sports Division of the Nazi Party
Chief of Staff
Appointed Chief of Staff of the Stuttgart Army Area
Abwehr
The Abwehr was created in 1921 as part of the Ministry of Defence when Germany was allowed to form the Reichswehr, the military organisation of the Weimar Republic
Abwehr
The first head is Major Friedrich Gempp, a former deputy to Col. Walther Nicolai, the head of German intelligence during World War I
Birth of Malcolm Arnold
Birth of Malcolm Arnold
The Mysterious Affair at Styles
Publication of "The Mysterious Affair at Styles"
Crome Yellow
Publication of "Crome Yellow"
Memoirs of A Midget
Publication of "Memoirs of A Midget"
Anthem for Doomed Youth
Publication of "Anthem for Doomed Youth"
Anthem
Publication of "Anthem for Doomed Youth"
Geddes Axe
Geddes leads a committee recommending substantial reductions in government expenditure.
Free State
Urges the creation of the Irish Free State
Independence of Great Britain
Urges the creation of the Irish Free State
Independence of Ireland
Urges the creation of the Irish Free State
Irish Free State
Urges the creation of the Irish Free State
Lord Privy Seal
Appointed Lord Privy Seal
Prime Minister of Great Britain
Appointed Prime MInister of Nortern Ireland
Conference of Washington
Attends the Conference as a British Representitive
Board of Trade
Appointed President of the Board of Trade
President of Board of Trade
Appointed President of the Board of Trade
Party Leader
Appointed Party Leader of the Conservative Party
Governor
Appointed Governor General of South Africa
Constitution of Great Britain
Opens the 1st Northern Ireland Parliament
Governor
Appointed Governor General of Canada
Whip
Appointed Whip of the Labour Party, 2nd term
Cadman Joins Anglo-Persian
Leaves government service and joins Anglo-Persian as a technical adviser during a period of major expansion.
Standard Oil Compromise Negotiated
Helps negotiate a compromise with Standard Oil interests over participation in Persian petroleum ventures.
Death of Jennie Jerome
Death of Jennie Jerome
Yorks Boys Camps
Founds the Duke of Yorks Boys Camps
The Analysis of Mind
Publication of "The Analysis of Mind"
Colonial Office
Works for Winston Churchill in the Colonial Office on Middle Eastern settlement questions.
Return to Tredegar
Returns to South Wales after labour college training.
Election
Loses the Woolwich election because of his anti-war record
Chairman
Appointed Chairman of the Parliamentary Labour Party
Nobel Prize
Receives the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for contributions to the chemistry of radioactive substances and for investigations into the origin and nature of isotopes.
The Reign of Relativity
Publication of "The Reign of Relativity"
Uranium Isotopes
Mass spectrograph work supports isotope studies of heavy elements.
League Secretariat
Works on economic and communications policy for the League.
Commander of RAF College
Appointed Commander of the RAF Staff College
Admiral
Appointed Admiral of the Fleet
British Legion
Appointed President of the British Legion
Cork Counter-Insurgency Orders Prepared
Produces detailed operational orders intended to improve the brigade's effectiveness during counter-insurgency operations.
Exile of Andrew
After his brother is restored to the throne of Greece Andrew is given command of the Second Army Corps during the Battle of the Sakarya, which effectively stalemated the Greco-Turkish War
Second Army
After his brother is restored to the throne of Greece Andrew is given command of the Second Army Corps during the Battle of the Sakarya, which effectively stalemated the Greco-Turkish War
Marriage
Marries King Carol of Romania
Battle of Sakarya
After his brother is restored to the throne of Greece Andrew is given command of the Second Army Corps during the Battle of the Sakarya, which effectively stalemated the Greco-Turkish War
Second Army
After his brother is restored to the throne of Greece Andrew is given command of the Second Army Corps during the Battle of the Sakarya, which effectively stalemated the Greco-Turkish War
Prime Minister of Hungary
Appointed Prime Minister of Hungary
Rule of Burgenland
Settles territorial dispute with Austria
Retirement
Retires from politics
Minister of Local Government
Appointed Minister of Local Self-Government.
Constitution of India
Gandhi is invested with executive authority on behalf of the Indian National Congress, the Congress is reorganized with a new constitution, with the goal of Swaraj & membership in the party is opened to anyone prepared to pay
Indian National Congress
A hierarchy of committees is set up to improve discipline, transforming the party from an elite organisation to one of mass national appeal.
Indian National Congress
Gandhi expands his non-violence platform to include the swadeshi policy - the boycott of foreign-made goods, especially British goods.
Indian National Congress
Gandhi is invested with executive authority on behalf of the Indian National Congress, the Congress is reorganized with a new constitution, with the goal of Swaraj & membership in the party is opened to anyone prepared to pay.
Swadeshi Policy
Gandhi expands his non-violence platform to include the swadeshi policy - the boycott of foreign-made goods, especially British goods
Swaraj
Gandhi is invested with executive authority on behalf of the Indian National Congress, the Congress is reorganized with a new constitution, with the goal of Swaraj & membership in the party is opened to anyone prepared to pay
Stellar Spectra
Saha applies ionization theory to explain changes in stellar spectral lines as functions of temperature and pressure.
Scattering of Light
C. V. Raman studies the blue colour of the Mediterranean and intensifies his investigation of light scattering in liquids.
Governor
Appointed Governor of Azerbaijan
Minister of Finance
Appointed Minister of Finance
Minister of Finance
Appointed Minister of Finance
Commander in Chief
Appointed Commander in Chief
Succession
Succeeds as King of Iraq
Declines Quest Expedition
Crean considers joining Shackleton's Quest expedition but chooses to remain in Anascaul rather than undertake a fourth Antarctic expedition.
Peace
de Valera nominates a team of delegates headed by Arthur Griffith, with Michael Collins as his deputy, Collins agreed to go to London
Peace
de Valera nominates a team of delegates headed by Arthur Griffith, with Michael Collins as his deputy, Collins agreed to go to London
Six Characters in Search of an Author
Publication of "Six Characters in Search of an Author"
Deputy General Secretary
Appointed Deputy Secretary General of the Fascist Party
Deputy Secretary General
Appointed Deputy Secretary General of the Fascist Party
Coup
Begins a campaign in Britain to overthrow Mussolini
Plot
Begins a campaign in Britain to overthrow Mussolini
Communist Party
Helps found the Italian Communist Party
Communist Party
Dissillusioned with the PSI Gramsci helps found the Italian Communist Party PC
Party Leader
Appointed Party Leader of the Partito Nazionale Fascista
Archbishop
Appointed Archbishop of Milan
Cardinal
Appointed Cardinal
Early Scientific Publication
Publishes early scientific work while still a student at Pisa, demonstrating growing expertise in theoretical and experimental physics.
Succession
Succession of Hirohito as regent due to Taishos poor mental health
Chairman
Appointed Chairman of Buddhist Philosophy at Otani University
Arab Independence Party
The Arab Independence Party became an early vehicle for organised political activity in Transjordan during Abdullah's initial period of state-building.
Meeting with Churchill
Abdullah met Winston Churchill in Jerusalem and negotiated a British-backed arrangement that allowed him to govern Transjordan under the mandate system.
Rule of Jordan
Receives Trans as a fief under British protection
Succession
Succeeds as Emir of Trans, 1921-1946
Transjordan Mandate
Abdullah developed a centralized administration for Ajlun, Balqa, and Karak. The new structure placed governors and local officials within an emirate-wide system of authority.
Vilna Dispute
Lithuania appeals over Poland's seizure of Vilna.
Mayoral Term
Concludes service as Mayor of Amsterdam after the 1915-1921 municipal term.
Mayor of Amsterdam
Begins serving as Mayor of Amsterdam during the 1921-1941 municipal term.
Minister of Finance
Appointed Minister of Finance, 1st term
Russian Refugees
Organises international assistance for Russian refugees.
Rule of Belorussia
Under the Treaty of Riga Poland is ceded parts of Lithuania, Belorussia & the Ukraine
Rule of Lithuania
Under the Treaty of Riga Poland is ceded parts of Lithuania, Belorussia & the Ukraine
Rule of Ukraine
Under the Treaty of Riga Poland is ceded parts of Lithuania, Belorussia & the Ukraine
Treaty of Riga
Under the Treaty of Riga Poland is ceded parts of Lithuania, Belorussia & the Ukraine
Rule of Poland
Under the Treaty of Riga Russia gains the eastern third of Poland
Treaty of Riga
Under the Treaty of Riga Russia gains the eastern third of Poland
Willard Gibbs Award
Receives the Willard Gibbs Award for chemistry.
Primeiros Versos
Publication of "Primeiros Versos"
Prime Minister of Portugal
Appointed Prime Minister of Portugal, 2nd term
Comintern
The Portuguese Communist Party is founded as the Portuguese section of the Communist International (Comintern)
Portuguese Communist Party
The Portuguese Communist Party is founded as the Portuguese section of the Communist International (Comintern)
Marriage
Marries Princess Helene of Greece
Gosplan
Gosplan quickly becomes a leading bureaucratic advocate for central planning and expanded investment in heavy industry, with Leon Trotsky one of the leading political patrons of the agency
Chairman
Appointed Chairman of the Azerbaijani Cheka
Cheka
Appointed Chairman of the Azerbaijani Cheka
Bolshevik Party
The "First Period" in Comintern history, with the Bolshevik revolution under attack in the Russian Civil War and a wave of revolutions across Europe, the Cominterns priority was exporting the October Revolution. At the 10th Congress of the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks), the economic policy known as the New Economic Policy, often abbreviated to NEP, was approved
CCC
The Central Control Comm is to rid the party of "careerists" & "bourgeois elements"
Comintern
The "First Period" in Comintern history, with the Bolshevik revolution under attack in the Russian Civil War and a wave of revolutions across Europe, the Cominterns priority was exporting the October Revolution.
Comintern
The Comintern is behind the "March Action" in Germany, including an attempt to dynamite the express train from Halle to Leipzig.
Comintern
Third Congress, held in June-July 1921, talked about how the struggle could be transformed into "civil war" when the circumstances were favorable and "openly revolutionary uprisings."
Constitution of Russia
Power is ceded from the Government to the Politburo
Economy of Russia
The State Planning Commission, GOSPLAN, is founded. Early in February 1921 the Politburo unanimously voted for Vladimir Lenins proposal of ending the forced requisitioning of grain. At the 10th Congress of the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks), the economic policy known as the New Economic Policy, often abbreviated to NEP, was approved
Gosplan
The State Planning Committee, commonly known as Gosplan becomes the agency responsible for central economic planning and remaining in existence until the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, the main task of Gosplan is the creation and administration of a series of five-year plans governing the economy of the USSR
March Action
The Comintern is behind the "March Action" in Germany, including an attempt to dynamite the express train from Halle to Leipzig
New Economic Policy
At the 10th Congress of the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks), the economic policy known as the New Economic Policy, often abbreviated to NEP, was approved
New Economic Policy
Trade is legalized & by the mid 1920s GDP is restored to the levels of 1913. The NEP is introduced after the failure of War Communism. The economy is controlled by the state. Light industry & agriculture reverts to private ownership
Treaty of Riga
Under the Treaty of Riga Russia gains the eastern third of Poland
Commissar
Appointed Commissar for Nationalities
Security Police
Appointed Head of the Security Police in Georgia
Central Committee
Appointed Member of Central Committee
Central Committee
Appointed Candidate Member of Central Committee
Rutchenkovo Mine Political Administration
Returns to the Donbas and becomes assistant director for political affairs at the Rutchenkovo mine.
Minister of Military Affairs
Appointed Minister of Military Affairs & posted to the Far East Republic
Secretary of Central Committee
Appointed Secretary of the Central Committee
Secretary of Communist Party
Appointed Secretary of the CP in Azerbaijan
Steel Mill Employment
Begins working in the steel industry as a teenager in his home town.
Anti-Bolshevik Advocacy
Continues criticism of Bolshevik dictatorship from exile.
A School of Revolutionary Strategy
Writes A School of Revolutionary Strategy following the Third Congress of the Communist International.
Lessons of the Paris Commune
Writes Lessons of the Paris Commune, drawing strategic conclusions from the 1871 revolutionary government in Paris.
Comintern Relations
Builds links between Italian communists and the Communist International
Arrest of Fedor Ivanovich Dan
Arrested & exiled abroad
Exile of Fedor Ivanovich Dan
Arrested & exiled abroad
Menshevik Party
Arrested & exiled abroad
New Economic Policy
Peasant unrest sweeps Russia, the risings are suppressed but the New Economic Policy is proclaimed that gives the peasants the right to sell their grain surpluses
Commander of Far East
Appointed Commander of the Russian Far East
Massacre
The police kill 183 unarmed peasants
Assassination of Eduardo Dato Iradier
Assassination of Eduardo Dato Iradier
Death of Eduardo Dato Iradier
Assassination of Eduardo Dato Iradier
Prime Minister of Sweden
Appointed Prime Minister of Sweden, 2nd term
Modern Palynology
Helps establish pollen analysis as a method in botany and geology.
Pollen Analysis Research
Publishes research using fossil pollen to reconstruct past vegetation.
Rouseau Institute
Appointed Director of Studies at the JJ Rouseau Institute
Budget and Accounting Act
Takes charge after the Budget and Accounting Act creates the Bureau of the Budget.
Bureau of Budget
Appointed first Director of the United States Bureau of the Budget.
Director
Begins organizing the new Bureau of the Budget under President Harding.
Federal Economy
Presses departments to reduce spending and follow central budget discipline.
Hell and Maria
Gains publicity for blunt testimony about wartime spending investigations.
Economy of USA
Wants return to "normalcy", favors protective tariffs & high taxes on war profits
Legislation
Wants return to "normalcy", favors protective tariffs & high taxes on war profits
President of USA
Appointed President of the USA, 29th President
Secretary of State for Commerce
Appointed Secretary of State for Commerce
Vice President
Appointed Vice President of the USA
Twelve New Planetary Nebulae
Hubble publishes the identification of twelve new planetary nebulae, expanding the catalogue of known compact gaseous nebulae available for further spectroscopic and structural study.
General Relativity Foundation Supplement
Publishes a proposed addition to the foundations of general relativity, continuing his effort to strengthen the conceptual and mathematical basis of gravitational field theory.
Hebrew University Fundraising Tour
Uses his first American visit to support fundraising for the future Hebrew University of Jerusalem.
Nobel Prize in Physics
Awarded the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics for theoretical physics, especially the law of the photoelectric effect.
Nobel Prize
Receives the Nobel Prize in Physics for contributions to theoretical physics, particularly his explanation of the law governing the photoelectric effect.
Princeton Stafford Little Lectures
Delivers four Stafford Little Lectures explaining special and general relativity.
Invention of Television
Has the idea to create images using electrons
League of Nations
Opposes the League of Nations
Chief of Staff
Appointed Chief of Staff
Queen Victoria
Strachey published Queen Victoria, a biography combining scholarship and psychological characterization.
Law Resigns Party Leadership
Bonar Law steps down as Conservative leader owing to ill health and is succeeded by Austen Chamberlain.
Law Withdraws From Government
Bonar Law leaves his senior coalition offices as ill health forces him to reduce his political commitments.