Invasion of Greece
Negotiations begin for passage through Bulgaria to reach Greece & Russia
Historical events in 1941
1,377 historical records
January 194162 historical events
Invasion of Russia
Negotiations begin for passage of troops through Bulgaria to reach Greece & Russia
Operation Barbarossa
Negotiations begin for passage of troops through Bulgaria to reach Greece & Russia
Pact between 26 United Nations Signatories
The pact of the "United Nations" is signed in Washington by 26 nations, they commit themselve to not agree to any seperate peace with Germany or Japan
Pact between 26 United Nations Signatories
The pact of the "United Nations" is signed in Washington by 26 nations, they commit themselve to not agree to any seperate peace with Germany or Japan
United Nations
The pact of the "United Nations" is signed in Washington by 26 nations, they commit themselve to not agree to any seperate peace with Germany or Japan
President of Switzerland
Begins a one-year term as President of the Swiss Confederation.
Agreement on Any seperate peace with Germany or Japan
The pact of the "United Nations" is signed in Washington by 26 nations, they commit themselve to not agree to any seperate peace with Germany or Japan
Pact between 26 United Nations Signatories
The pact of the "United Nations" is signed in Washington by 26 nations, they commit themselve to not agree to any seperate peace with Germany or Japan
Agreement on Any seperate peace with Germany or Japan
The pact of the "United Nations" is signed in Washington by 26 nations, they commit themselve to not agree to any seperate peace with Germany or Japan
Pact between 26 United Nations Signatories
The pact of the "United Nations" is signed in Washington by 26 nations, they commit themselve to not agree to any seperate peace with Germany or Japan
United Nations
The pact of the "United Nations" is signed in Washington by 26 nations, they commit themselve to not agree to any seperate peace with Germany or Japan
Prime Minister
Takes office as Prime Minister of Finland and forms a government in Helsinki.
Government Ends
His government ends in Helsinki, concluding this term as Prime Minister of Finland.
Death of Henri Bergson
Henri Bergson dies in occupied Paris, aged eighty-one.
Post-War Reconstruction Planning
Takes responsibility for coordinating study of post-war reconstruction and chairs the ministerial machinery established for reconstruction problems.
Armistice
Orders siezure of the French fleet at Toulon in violation of the Compiegene Armistice
Marita
Orders Operation Marita to commence on 26th March
Operation Attila
Orders the occupation of the rest of France
Operation Attila
Orders the siezure of the French fleet at Toulon
Siege of Toulon
Orders siezure of the French fleet at Toulon in violation of the Compiegene Armistice
Burial
A Memorial service is held at Westminster Abby for Baden-Powell
Democratic Programme
Kerensky records his position on democratic programme in exile.
Trade Treaty
Germany & Russia sign a fresh Treaty recognizing spheres of influence & trade
Trade Treaty
Germany & Russia sign a fresh Treaty recognizing spheres of influence & trade
Albania Intervention Order Initialled
Jodl initials Hitler's order preparing German intervention in support of operations connected with Greece and Albania.
General Order No 1
Decrees no member of the Government or military should know more than necessary
Invasion of Albania
Orders German reinforcements for Albania
Operation Alpine Violets
Orders German reinforcements for Albania
Sunflower
Orders German reinforcements for Tripoli
Pact between Germany, Italy, Japan and Bulgaria
Hitler demands that Bulgaria joins the Tripartite Pact
Tripartite Pact
Hitler demands that Bulgaria joins the Tripartite Pact
Death of James Joyce
Death of James Joyce
Meeting with At Berchtesgaden
Mussolini accepts Hitler's offer of help in north Africa but not in Albania. Hitler & Mussolini meet at Berchtesgaden
Invasion of Italian East Africa
British forces in the Sudan led by General Platt attack Italian forces, marks the beginning of Wavells campaign against Italian East Africa
Invasion of Italian East Africa
British forces in the Sudan led by General Platt attack Italian forces, marks the beginning of Wavells campaign against Italian East Africa
Invasion of Albania
Mussolini discusses the Albanian and Greek fronts with Hitler and receives assurances of German support.
Invasion of Albania
Italian forces stabilize parts of the Albanian front after months of Greek advances.
Meeting with Hitler at Berchtesgaden to discuss Axis strategy
Mussolini meets Hitler at Berchtesgaden to discuss Axis strategy and Italy's military difficulties.
Mussolini accepts German help in North Africa
Mussolini accepts German help in North Africa while discussions with Hitler also touch on future operations against the Soviet Union.
Romania Force Purpose Discussed
Jodl attends a conference where German concentrations in Romania are discussed as forces for operations against Greece.
Daily Worker
The communist newspaper, "The Daily Worker" is banned in London
Legionary Rebellion
Antonescu defeats the Iron Guard rebellion and consolidates personal rule.
Battle of Tobruk
The British capture the port of Tobruk in Libya from the Italians
Capture of Tobruk
The British capture the port of Tobruk in Libya from the Italians
Siege of Tobruk
The British capture the port of Tobruk in Libya from the Italians
Capture of Tobruk
The British Army captures Tobruk
Death of Robert Baden-Powell
Death of Robert Baden-Powell
ABC1
Leads to a US mission visiting Britain in March for possible military bases. Decision code named ABC1 is made that places Germany's defeat as the principle Allied aim in the event of the USA declaring war
Appointment after Death of Metaxas
Koryzis becomes Prime Minister after the death of Ioannis Metaxas.
Birth of Eugene Ney TerreBlanche
Birth of Eugene Ney TerreBlanche
Southern Anhui Incident Response
Protests Nationalist action against the New Fourth Army and works to preserve the anti-Japanese united front.
Capture of Kufra
Leads the Free French & captures Kufra Libya
Free French
Leads the Free French & captures Kufra Libya
Siege of Kufra
Leads the Free French & captures Kufra Libya
Enigma Machine
Shows visiting American intelligence officers the British Bombe during the Sinkov Mission.
Alliance United States and Great Britain
Agreement ABC-1 accepts the War & Navy Depts for planning when the US enters the war
Governor
After the capture of Tobruk, Wilson is recalled to Cairo where he was offered and accepted the position of Military Governor of Cyrenaica
Chief of Staff
Appointed Chief of Staff of the Red Army
Chief of Staff
Appointed Chief of Staff of the Red Army
Capture of Lozovaya
Captures Lozovaya & discovers a German camp with appalling conditions
Enigma Machine
Visits Bletchley Park and learns about Britain's Bombe-based exploitation of Enigma.
February 194172 historical events
Admiral
Appointed Admiral of the Atlantic Fleet
Admiral
Appointed Admiral of the Atlantic Fleet
Barbarossa Command Conference
Jodl joins Hitler and Keitel in a detailed conference on preparations for Operation Barbarossa.
Invasion of Russia
Outlines the General Staffs invasion plans to Hitler, the OKW & OKB
Operation Barbarossa
Outlines the General Staffs invasion plans to Hitler, the OKW & OKB
Invasion of Russia
Hitler orders Keitel to make it appear as if Germany is invading Britain
Invasion of Russia
"When Barbarossa commences, the world will hold its breath & make no comment". Orders Keitel to make it appear as if Germany is invading Britain rather than Russia
Operation Barbarossa
"When Barbarossa commences, the world will hold its breath & make no comment". The starting date for Barbarossa will be 15th May. The Red Army will have 155 Divisions against 116 German Divisions. Hitler reviews the plans for Barbarossa
Red Army
The Red Army will have 155 Divisions against 116 German Divisions
Birth of John Steel
Birth of John Steel, rock drummer Animals
Afrika Korps
Lands the Afrika Korps in Libya to support the Italians
Invasion of Libya
Lands the Afrika Korps in Libya to support the Italians
Invasion of Africa
German troops under Rommel are sent to assist the Italians in North Africa
Afrika Korps
The OKW issues instructions for the Afrika Korps to defend North Africa
Sunflower
The OKW issues instructions for the Afrika Korps to defend North Africa
Battle of Western Desert
Operation Compass ends with the destruction of much of the Italian Tenth Army after a British advance of several hundred miles.
Battle of Beda Fomm
The retreating Italian Tenth Army is defeated at Beda Fomm, completing the British conquest of Cyrenaica during Operation Compass.
Battle of Western Desert
The British Operation Compass campaign destroys much of the Italian Tenth Army and forces the loss of Cyrenaica.
Invasion of Greece
Signs an agreement with Bulgaria allowing German passage to invade Greece
Marita
To protect Romanian oilfields from the British in preparation to invade Russia. Signs an agreement with Bulgaria allowing German passage to invade Greece
Invasion of Russia
The Bulgarian General Staff allow German troops to pass through Bulgaria
Lend-Lease
The US House of Representives passes the Lend-Lease Bill by 260 votes to 265, assisting Britain
Operation Barbarossa
The Bulgarian General Staff allow German troops to pass through Bulgaria
Lend-Lease
The US House of Representives passes the Lend-Lease Bill by 260 votes to 265, assisting Britain
Siege of Singapore
Yamashita launches his 1st attack on Singapore
Lend-Lease
Churchill says in a speech, "the Government and people of the United States intend to supply us with all that is necessary for victory". Churchill says in a speech, "Give us the tools and we will finish the job"
Speech
Churchill says in a speech, "Give us the tools and we will finish the job"
Battle of Western Desert
Hitler offers Mussolini help after Italy's immanent defeat
Operation Colossus
Britains 1st airborne attack of the war, 38 paratroopers are dropped on a railway viaduct at Trignano, Italy
Battle of Western Desert
Germany prepares direct military assistance for Italy after the collapse of much of the Italian position in Cyrenaica.
Sunflower
German units disembark for Tripoli
Afrika Korps
The Afrikakorps is based on Adolf Hitler's personal choice of Erwin Rommel as its Commander. Appointed Commander of the Afrika Korps
Suez Canal
Arrives in North Africa to support Italian forces and begins operations that eventually threaten Egypt and the Suez Canal.
Afrika Korps
Rommel arrives in Tripoli as German forces begin reinforcing the failing Italian position in North Africa.
Invasion of Libya
German reinforcements under Rommel arrive in Libya to support Italian forces after the British successes of Operation Compass.
Mussolini fails to persuade Franco to bring Spain into the war on
Mussolini fails to persuade Franco to bring Spain into the war on the Axis side.
Capture of Singapore
The British surrender Singapore to Yamashita
Siege of Singapore
The British surrender Singapore to Yamashita
Sunflower
Sends 3rd Reconnaissance Battalion to find how close Wavells army is to Tripoli
Afrika Korps
Rommel lands on African soil in Libya & takes over control of the Afrika Korps
Invasion of Libya
Rommel lands on African soil in Libya & takes over control of the Afrika Korps
Pact between Germany, Italy, Japan and Yugoslavia
Hitler applies pressure on Yugoslavia to join the Tripartite Pact
Tripartite Pact
Hitler fails to persuade the Yugoslav Prime Minister, Dragisa Cvetkovic, to join the Axis. Hitler applies pressure on Yugoslavia to join the Tripartite Pact
National Legionary State
Antonescu formally ends the National Legionary State.
Hitler fails to persuade the Yugoslav Prime Minister, Dragisa Cvetkovic, to join
Hitler fails to persuade the Yugoslav Prime Minister, Dragisa Cvetkovic, to join the Axis
Break in Diplomatic Relations with Romania
Britain breaks off relations with Romania
Goethe Medal
Gunther, leading ideologist of Nazi racial policy, is awarded the Goethe Medal
Birth of Gene Pitney
Birth of Gene Pitney
The Lion and the Unicorn
Publishes The Lion and the Unicorn.
Western Union
Directs the western film Western Union.
Invasion of Greece
Meets Wavell, Eden and Dill who are seeking a senior commander to lead reinforcements to Greece
Commonwealth
The decision to send a British Commonwealth expeditionary force is made
Invasion of Greece
The decision to send a British Commonwealth expeditionary force is made. A meeting attended by Eden and the Greek leadership, including King George II, Prime Minister Alexandros Koryzis and Papagos takes place in Athens on February 22
Commonwealth
The decision to send a British Commonwealth expeditionary force is made
Invasion of Greece
The decision to send a British Commonwealth expeditionary force is made. A meeting attended by Eden and the Greek leadership, including King George II, Prime Minister Alexandros Koryzis and Papagos takes place in Athens on February 22
Invasion of Russia
Zhukov issues a secret directive naming Germany as a probable enemyand instructs frontier regions to make preparations
Declares loyalty to Hitler
Declares loyalty to Hitler but refuses to enter the war
Discovery of Plutonium
Arthur Wahl participates in the conclusive identification of plutonium with Glenn Seaborg and colleagues.
Discovery of Plutonium
Glenn Seaborg and colleagues conclusively identify plutonium during laboratory work at Berkeley.
Discovery of Plutonium
Arthur Wahl participates in the wartime scientific work that conclusively identifies plutonium.
Discovery of Plutonium
Glenn Seaborg leads work that conclusively identifies plutonium, later important to wartime nuclear research.
Manhattan Project
Conclusive discovery of plutonium by Glenn Seaborg and Arthur Wahl
Invasion of Russia
German Army Units cross the Danube from Rumania & take up positions in Bulgaria
Marita
German Army units cross the Danube & take up positions in Bulgaria
Operation Barbarossa
German Army Units cross the Danube from Romania & take up positions in Bulgaria
Commander in Chief
Appointed Commander in Chief in Libya
Commander of Afrika Korps
Appointed Commander of the Afrika Korps
Lieutenant General
Appointed Lieutenant General
Commander in Chief
Appointed Commander in Chief in Libya
Commander of Afrika Korps
Appointed Commander of the Afrika Korps
Lieutenant General
Appointed Lieutenant General
Battle of Western Desert
Wavells 30,000 men have counterattacj the Italians, advance 500 miles & take 130,000
March 194189 historical events
Alliance Adolf Hitler and Tripartite Pact
Bulgaria joins the Tripartite Pact
Pact between Germany, Italy, Japan and Bulgaria
Bulgaria signs the Tripartite Pact
Tripartite Pact
Bulgaria signs the Tripartite Pact
Reform of Policing
Given plenipotentiary powers covering all police actions in occupied territory
Siege of Lofoton
The British & Norwegians raid the occupied Lofoten Islands destroying 11 German ships
Hitler demands from Prince Paul that German troops pass through Yugoslavia to
Hitler demands from Prince Paul that German troops pass through Yugoslavia to Greece
Operation Barbarossa
Paul of Yugoslavia is invited to the Berghof & offered Salonika for German support
Tripartite Pact
Hitler applies pressure on Yugoslavia to join the Tripartite Pact
Operation Claymore
Churchill launches Operation Claymore, a naval raid against the Lofoten Islands
Siege of Lofoton
A commando raid destroys fish oil processing plants in Lofoton, northern Norway
Hitler demands from Prince Paul that German troops pass through Yugoslavia to
Hitler demands from Prince Paul that German troops pass through Yugoslavia to Greece
Invasion of Greece
In Operation Lustre British forces are ferried to Greece to defeng it against the German invasion
Operation Lustre
In Operation Lustre British forces are ferried to Greece to defeng it against the German invasion
Bartholomew Street Home
Marguerite Oswald purchased a modest frame house on Bartholomew Street, where the family lived while she attempted to support her children.
Invasion of Ethiopia
The British Army invades Italian-controlled Ethiopia
Battle of Greece
After weeks of inconclusive winter warfare, the Italians launched a large-scale counterattack across the centre of the front on March 9, 1941, which, despite the superiority of the Italian armed forces, failed. After one week and 12,000 casualties, Mussolini called off the counterattack, and then left Albania twelve days later
Invasion of Greece
After weeks of inconclusive winter warfare, the Italians launched a large-scale counterattack across the centre of the front on March 9, 1941, which, despite the superiority of the Italian armed forces, failed. After one week and 12,000 casualties, Mussolini called off the counterattack, and then left Albania twelve days later
Battle of Greece
Italy opens a major spring offensive against Greek positions, but the attack fails after heavy casualties and makes little territorial gain.
Invasion of Greece
Mussolini oversees the opening of a major Italian offensive against Greece, but the attack fails to break the Greek front.
Lend-Lease
US Congress passes the Lend-Lease Act
Lend-Lease Act
The Act authorises material assistance to countries considered vital to American defence.
Alliance Lend Lease Act provides for the US to lend Britain and her Allies war materials
The Lend Lease Act provides for the US to lend Britain & her Allies war materials. SAends the Lend-Lease Bill to Congress
Party Leader
Appointed Party Leader of the Country Party, in Parliament
Reform of Armed Forces
Given power to act independently & have jurisdiction over the Army Chiefs of Staff
Reform of Armed Forces
Given power to act independently & have jurisdiction over the Army Chiefs of Staff
Greece Occupation Requirement Discussed
Jodl is present when Hitler states that Greece must be fully occupied before any settlement.
Battle of Atlantic
Forms the Battle of Atlantic Committee
Committee of Atlantic
Forms the Battle of Atlantic Committee
Tripartite Pact
In front of Hitler & Ribbentrop Cvetkovic signs Yugoslavia to the Tripartite Pact
Alliance Tripartite Pact
Yugoslavia signs the Tripartite Pact
Invasion of Yugoslavia
Hitler put pressure on Yugoslavia to join the Tripartite Pact. The Regent, Prince Paul of Yugoslavia, succumbed to this pressure
Pact between Germany, Italy, Japan and Yugoslavia
Yugoslavia signs the Tripartite Pact
Tripartite Pact
Hitler put pressure on Yugoslavia to join the Tripartite Pact. The Regent, Prince Paul of Yugoslavia, succumbed to this pressure
Tripartite Pact
In front of Hitler & Ribbentrop Cvetkovic signs Yugoslavia to the Tripartite Pact
Tripartite Pact
In front of Hitler & Ribbentrop Cvetkovic signs Yugoslavia to the Tripartite Pact
Alliance Tripartite Pact
Yugoslavia signs the Tripartite Pact
Pact between Germany, Italy, Japan and Yugoslavia
Yugoslavia signs the Tripartite Pact
Coup
Overthrown in a Coup by Air Force officers which was supported by most of the Army
Belgrade Bombing Decision Conference
Jodl attends the conference that decides on the attack on Yugoslavia and bombing of Belgrade without prior declaration of war.
Yugoslavia Destruction Planning
Jodl attends Hitler's conference ordering rapid military preparations to destroy Yugoslavia.
Invasion of Yugoslavia
Instructed by Hitler to advise Hungary, Romania & Italy they will partition Yugoslavia
Partition
Instructed by Hitler to advise Hungary, Romania & Italy they will partition Yugoslavia
Rule of Yugoslavia
Instructed by Hitler to advise Hungary, Romania & Italy they will partition Yugoslavia
Coup
Orders invasion after a pro-Allied coup in Belgrade. Delays invasion by 4 weeks to invade Yugoslavia after an Allied coup in Belgrade
Coup
Summons chiefs to the Chancellery saying the Belgrade coup endangered Barbarossa. Delayed up to 4 weeks so Yugoslavia can be invaded after a pro-Allied coup in Belgrade
Coup
A coup is launched in Yugoslavia by anti-Prince Paul, Serbian military officers, and the Regent was replaced on the throne by King Peter II of Yugoslavia.
Coup
Hitler takes the Yugoslav coup as a personal insult, and was so angered that he was determined "without waiting for possible declarations of loyalty of the new Government to destroy Yugoslavia militarily and as a nation".
Coup
Summons chiefs to the Chancellery saying the Belgrade coup endangered Barbarossa.
Invasion of Russia
Delays invasion by 4 weeks to invade Yugoslavia after an Allied coup in Belgrade
Invasion of Yugoslavia
Orders invasion after a pro-Allied coup in Belgrade. Delays invasion by 4 weeks to invade Yugoslavia after an Allied coup in Belgrade
Invasion of Yugoslavia
Orders Goering to "destroy Belgrade"
Invasion of Yugoslavia
A coup is launched in Yugoslavia by anti-Prince Paul, Serbian military officers, and the Regent was replaced on the throne by King Peter II of Yugoslavia.
Invasion of Yugoslavia
Hitler takes the Yugoslav coup as a personal insult, and was so angered that he was determined "without waiting for possible declarations of loyalty of the new Government to destroy Yugoslavia militarily and as a nation".
Invasion of Yugoslavia
Summons chiefs to the Chancellery saying the Belgrade coup endangered Barbarossa.
Operation Barbarossa
Summons chiefs to the Chancellery saying the Belgrade coup endangered Barbarossa. Delayed up to 4 weeks so Yugoslavia can be invaded after a pro-Allied coup in Belgrade
Siege of Belgrade
Orders Goering to "destroy Belgrade"
Coup
Assumes power after a military coup in Belggrade
Pact between Germany, Italy, Japan and Yugoslavia
Reneges on the Tripartite Pact
Tripartite Pact
Reneges on the Tripartite Pact
Tripartite Pact
Reneges on the Tripartite Pact. Offers a nonaggression pact with Germany, Hitler has to delay his invasion of Russia
Coup
The Regency is overthrown by pro-Allied groups to resist German invasion. A coup is launched by anti-Prince Paul, Serbian military officers, and the Regent was replaced on the throne by King Peter II of Yugoslavia
Invasion of Yugoslavia
A coup is launched by anti-Prince Paul, Serbian military officers, and the Regent was replaced on the throne by King Peter II of Yugoslavia
Succession
The Regency is overthrown by pro-Allied groups to resist German invasion
Exile of Paul
For the remainder of the war, Prince Paul is kept, with his family, under house arrest by the British in Kenya
Invasion of Yugoslavia
For the remainder of the war, Prince Paul is kept, with his family, under house arrest by the British in Kenya
Yugoslavia Operational Plan Issued
Jodl's office issues a tentative plan coordinating German and Italian military operations against Yugoslavia.
Invasion of Russia
At a General Staff meeting says Germany must destroy the Red Army & the Soviet State
Operation Barbarossa
At a General Staff meeting orders destruction of the Red Army & the Soviet State
Red Army
At a General Staff meeting says Germany must destroy the Red Army & the Soviet State. At a General Staff meeting orders destruction of the Red Army & the Soviet State
Jewish Affairs Section Leadership
The office coordinates deportations of Jews across Nazi-controlled Europe.
RSHA IV B 4 Appointment
Becomes director of RSHA section IV B 4.
Alliance Boris III and Tripartite Pact
Bulgaria joins the Tripartite Pact
Pact between Germany, Italy, Japan and Bulgaria
Bulgaria joins the Tripartite Pact
Tripartite Pact
Bulgaria joins the Tripartite Pact
Death of Georges Mandel
Executed by the Vichy Government
Execution
Executed by the Vichy Government
Vichy Government
Executed by the Vichy Government
Alliance Axis Powers
Announce Bulgaria has joined the Axis powers
Invasion of Russia
The entire urban population of the invaded land was to be starved to death, thus creating an agricultural surplus to feed Germany and allowing the urban populations replacement by a German upper class
Operation Barbarossa
Operation Barbarossa was to combine a northern assault towards Leningrad, a symbolic capturing of Moscow, and an economic strategy of seizing oil fields in the south beyond Ukraine. Hitler repeated his order: "Leningrad first, the Donetsk Basin second, Moscow third"
Green Folder
Goerings Green Folder laid out details of the Soviet Unions proposed economic disposal after the invasion
Invasion of Russia
The entire urban population of the invaded land was to be starved to death, thus creating an agricultural surplus to feed Germany and allowing the urban populations replacement by a German upper class. Goerings Green Folder laid out details of the Soviet Unions proposed economic disposal after the invasion
Enigma Machine
Leads cryptanalysis of Italian naval Enigma traffic that contributes intelligence before Cape Matapan.
Enigma Machine
Helps Knox's team read Italian naval Enigma traffic before the Battle of Cape Matapan.
Meeting with Winant
Meets Winant, the new US Ambasador, in London, breaks with precedent
Coup
Ousted as the ruler of Iraq for being pro-British
Coup
Ousts Abd Al-Allah Ibn Ali Ibn as the ruler of Iraq for being pro-British
Siege of Habbaniya
Seeks to defeat the British at their garrison of Habbaniya
Invasion of Greece
Italy's spring offensive fails to achieve a decisive breakthrough, increasing dependence on German intervention in the Balkans.
April 1941100 historical events
Coup
"The Seven" announce a coup in Iraq, Rashid Ali al-Kaylani is made head of the Government
Prime Minister of Iraq
"The Seven" announce a coup in Iraq, Rashid Ali al-Kaylani is made head of the Government
Invasion of Russia
Churchill warns Stalin the Germans have regrouped in Poland to invade Russia
Invasion of Russia
Churchill warns Stalin the Germans had regrouped in order to invade Russia
Capture of Benghazi
Recaptures Benghazi from the Allies
Treaty of Friendship
Signs the Treaty of Friendship with the new Government of Yugoslavia
Treaty of Friendship
An alliance is agreed with the USSR
Operation Marita Opens
Jodl's OKW staff coordinates high-level operations as German forces invade Yugoslavia and Greece.
Invasion of Greece
Begins the invasion of Greece
Bombing of Belgrade
Starting on April 6, 1941, Axis armies invaded from all sides and the German Air Force (Luftwaffe) bombed Belgrade. Luftflotte Four of the German Air Force (Luftwaffe), with a strength of seven Combat Formations (Kampfgruppen) had been committed to the campaign in the Balkans
Coup
After the unexpected March 27 coup against the Yugoslav Government, orders for the future campaign in Yugoslavia are drafted, as well as changes to the plan for the attack on Greece
Invasion of Greece
The German & Italian Armies take up their positions for the invasion of Yugoslavia & Greece. After the unexpected March 27 coup against the Yugoslav Government, orders for the future campaign in Yugoslavia are drafted, as well as changes to the plan for the attack on Greece
Invasion of Yugoslavia
Hitler gives the order for the Axis powers to invade Yugoslavia. After the unexpected March 27 coup against the Yugoslav Government, orders for the future campaign in Yugoslavia are drafted, as well as changes to the plan for the attack on Greece
Invasion of Yugoslavia
Starting on April 6, 1941, Axis armies invaded from all sides and the German Air Force (Luftwaffe) bombed Belgrade. Launched to secure Geramanys Balkan flank for Operation Barbarossa. Hitler, infuriated at Yugoslavias defiance, ordered the implementation of Operation Punishment (Unternehmen Strafgericht).
Invasion of Yugoslavia
The German & Italian Armies take up their positions for the invasion of Yugoslavia & Greece. The German Army falls on Yugoslavia & Greece in overwhelming strength.
Luftwaffe
Starting on April 6, 1941, Axis armies invaded from all sides and the German Air Force (Luftwaffe) bombed Belgrade. Luftflotte Four of the German Air Force (Luftwaffe), with a strength of seven Combat Formations (Kampfgruppen) had been committed to the campaign in the Balkans
Operation Marita
After the unexpected March 27 coup against the Yugoslav Government, orders for the future campaign in Yugoslavia are drafted, as well as changes to the plan for the attack on Greece
Operation Punishment
Hitler, infuriated at Yugoslavias defiance, ordered the implementation of Operation Punishment (Unternehmen Strafgericht)
Bombing of Belgrade
For 3 days Belgrade ie ceaslesly bombed, it is razed to the ground killing 17,000
Invasion of Ethiopia
General Cunningham, commander of allied forces in East Africa, enters Addis Ababa
Siege of Addis Ababa
General Cunningham, commander of allied forces in East Africa, enters Addis Ababa
Invasion of Ethiopia
General Cunningham, commander of allied forces in East Africa, enters Addis Ababa
Invasion of Greece
Operation Marita begins as German forces invade Greece through Bulgaria, intervening after the failure of the Italian campaign.
Operation Marita
German forces launch Operation Marita through Bulgaria against Greece, transforming the Balkan campaign.
Invasion of Yugoslavia
The hostilities by Germany commence when Belgrade is bombed
Capture of Derna
Rommel occupies Derna
Battle of Mechili
Wins the battle but fails to capture the deep sea port of Tobruk
Battle of Bardia
Begins to fight for Bardia, 60 miles east of Torbruk
Battle of Tobruk
Rommel begins to attack Tobruk
Commander of Second Armored Division
Appointed Commanding General of the Second Armored Division at Fort Benning, Georgia
Commander of Second Armored Division
Appointed Commanding General of the Second Armored Division at Fort Benning, Georgia
Invasion of Yugoslavia
Italian, Hungarian & Bulgarian troops invade Yugoslavia
Invasion of Yugoslavia
Issues a directive dividing up Yugoslavia between Germany, Italy, Hungary & Bulgaria
Rule of Yugoslavia
Issues a directive dividing up Yugoslavia between Germany, Italy, Hungary & Bulgaria
Battle of Bardia
Rommel captures Bardia
Birth of Bobby Moore
Birth of Bobby Moore
Capture of Belgrade
German forces enter Belgrade during the invasion whose planning Jodl helped coordinate at OKW.
Battle of Tobruk
Ordered to consolidate on the Egyptian border & concentrate on capturing Tobruk
Japan & Russia sign a neutrality pact
Japan & Russia sign a neutrality pact
Neutrality
Japan & Russia sign a neutrality pact
Japan & Russia sign a neutrality pact
Japan & Russia sign a neutrality pact
Neutrality
Japan & Russia sign a neutrality pact
Invasion of Yugoslavia
German & Hungarian troops enter Belgrade
Exile of Peter II
Escapes by plane to Greece after the surrender of Yugoslavia to the Germans
Coup
The Anglo War of 1941, also known as the Rashid Ali Coup, is a relatively small, but very significant part of the Second World War
Coup
Rashid Ali, seizes power in Baghdad and refuses British requests to allow British military forces to enter Iraq
Independence of Iraq
Rashid Ali, seizes power in Baghdad and refuses British requests to allow British military forces to enter Iraq.
Independence of Iraq
Since the ending of the British Mandate and the advent of full Iraqi independence in 1932, Britain retained a great deal of military influence in Iraq, despite lingering opposition from many Arab nationalists.
Independence of Iraq
The Anglo War of 1941, also known as the Rashid Ali Coup, is a relatively small, but very significant part of the Second World War.
Invasion of Greece
The C-in-C of Luftflotte Four, Generaloberst Alexander Lehr receives orders from Hermann Goering to wind down the air-offensive and transfer the bulk of the dive-bomber force to support the campaign in Greece
Invasion of Yugoslavia
The C-in-C of Luftflotte Four, Generaloberst Alexander Lehr receives orders from Hermann Goering to wind down the air-offensive and transfer the bulk of the dive-bomber force to support the campaign in Greece
Luftflotte Four
The C-in-C of Luftflotte Four, Generaloberst Alexander Lehr receives orders from Hermann Goering to wind down the air-offensive and transfer the bulk of the dive-bomber force to support the campaign in Greece
Invasion of Greece
The C-in-C of Luftflotte Four, Generaloberst Alexander Lehr receives orders from Hermann Goering to wind down the air-offensive and transfer the bulk of the dive-bomber force to support the campaign in Greece
Invasion of Yugoslavia
The C-in-C of Luftflotte Four, Generaloberst Alexander Lehr receives orders from Hermann Gring to wind down the air-offensive and transfer the bulk of the dive-bomber force to support the campaign in Greece
Luftflotte Four
The C-in-C of Luftflotte Four, Generaloberst Alexander Lehr receives orders from Hermann Gring to wind down the air-offensive and transfer the bulk of the dive-bomber force to support the campaign in Greece. The C-in-C of Luftflotte Four, Generaloberst Alexander Lehr receives orders from Hermann Goering to wind down the air-offensive and transfer the bulk of the dive-bomber force to support the campaign in Greece
Invasion of Yugoslavia
The C-in-C of Luftflotte Four, Generaloberst Alexander Lehr receives orders from Hermann Goering to wind down the air-offensive and transfer the bulk of the dive-bomber force to support the campaign in Greece
Luftflotte Four
The C-in-C of Luftflotte Four, Generaloberst Alexander Lehr receives orders from Hermann Goering to wind down the air-offensive and transfer the bulk of the dive-bomber force to support the campaign in Greece
Invasion of Yugoslavia
Yugoslavia is subsequently divided amongst Germany, Hungary, Italy and Bulgaria, with most of Serbia being occupied by Germany. The last of the Yugoslav troops surrender to the Germans
Rule of Serbia
Yugoslavia is subsequently divided amongst Germany, Hungary, Italy and Bulgaria, with most of Serbia being occupied by Germany
Independence of Croatia
The Italian-backed Croatian fascist leader Ante Pavelic declared an Independent State of Croatia
Independence of Yugoslavia
The Italian-backed Croatian fascist leader Ante Pavelic declared an Independent State of Croatia
Invasion of Yugoslavia
The Italian-backed Croatian fascist leader Ante Pavelic declared an Independent State of Croatia
Invasion of Yugoslavia
The Yugoslav Army capitulates at Sarajevo, Simovic escapes to Greece
Government Formed during German Invasion
Tsouderos forms a government as German forces advance into Greece.
Invasion of Greece
The Northern Greek armies surrender to the Germans
Free French
Approves Operation Ironclad in Cabinet, invasion of Madagascar with the Free French. Agrees the invasion of Madagascar with the Free French
Invasion of Madagascar
Approves Operation Ironclad in Cabinet, invasion of Madagascar with the Free French. Agrees the invasion of Madagascar with the Free French
Operation Ironclad
Approves Operation Ironclad in Cabinet, invasion of Madagascar with the Free French
Battle of Halfaya Pass
The British are driven out of Halfaya Pass
Mercury
Hitler issues a directive to capture Crete
Accession as King
Chosen as king after the death of Sisowath Monivong
Invasion of Greece
The Germans march into Athens & hoist the swastika over the Acropolis
Battle of Greece
German forces enter Athens after the collapse of organized Greek and British Commonwealth resistance in mainland Greece.
Capture of Athens
Athens falls to Axis forces after the Greek and British Commonwealth withdrawal from mainland Greece.
Commonwealth
British Commonwealth forces continue their evacuation as Axis troops complete the conquest of mainland Greece.
Invasion of Greece
The Axis conquest of mainland Greece is effectively completed as Athens falls and Allied forces continue withdrawing south.
Invasion of Greece
Germany occupies Yugoslavia and Greece
Rule of Greece
Germany occupies Yugoslavia and Greece
Presidential Election
Congress elected Isaias Medina Angarita president under the indirect electoral system.
Arrest of German spies
Informed that 3 groups of German spies had been caught inside the Russian border
Free French
Approves the British support of the Free French in capturing Madagascar
Operation Ironclad
Approves the British support of the Free French in capturing Madagascar
Invasion of Russia
Sets the date for the German invasion of Russia, June 22
Operation Barbarossa
Sets the date for the German invasion of Russia, June 22
Greek Campaign Operational Coordination
Jodl monitors the rapid German advance through Greece from the OKW operations staff.
Bombing of Belgrade
Commands the bombing of Belgrade, 17,000 civilians are killed
Invasion of Croatia
Greater Croatia becomes an independent pro-Axis state ruled by the Ustase
Invasion of Yugoslavia
Greater Croatia becomes an independent pro-Axis state ruled by the Ustase
Rule of Croatia
Greater Croatia becomes an independent pro-Axis state ruled by the Ustase
Invasion of Greece
Kleist commands 1st Panzergruppe, comprising XVIII and XL Panzer Corps, which spearheads the Blitzkrieg-style invasions of Yugoslavia and Greece
Invasion of Yugoslavia
Kleist commands 1st Panzergruppe, comprising XVIII and XL Panzer Corps, which spearheads the Blitzkrieg-style invasions of Yugoslavia and Greece
Siege of Tobruk
Besieges Tobruk, seeking to open the route east toward Egypt and the Suez Canal.
Bristol Air Raids
Bristol suffers further heavy bombing during the Blitz.
Commonwealth
Wilson is appointed to lead a Commonwealth expeditionary force of two infantry divisions and an armoured brigade to help Greece resist Italy and the subsequent German invasion in April 1941
Invasion of Greece
Wilson is forced to make a tactical withdrawal to Crete. Wilson is appointed to lead a Commonwealth expeditionary force of two infantry divisions and an armoured brigade to help Greece resist Italy and the subsequent German invasion in April 1941
Treaty of Angloi
"The Seven" break the Treaty by refusing to allow passage of British troops through Iraqi territory and the Government begins to express support for Germany
Neutrality
Japan & Russia sign a mutual neutrality pact
Pact between Japan and Soviet Union
Japan & Russia sign a mutual neutrality pact
Neutrality
Japan & Russia sign a mutual neutrality pact
Pact between Japan and Soviet Union
Japan & Russia sign a mutual neutrality pact
May 194184 historical events
Commandant
Heinrich Himmler tells H”ss that Hitler had given orders for the final solution"
Exile of Rashid Ali al Kaylani
British troops invade Iraq to install a pro-British Government, Rashid Ali requests German support, but Germany refuses to intervene and Ali is forced to flee to Iran
Invasion of Iraq
British troops invade Iraq to install a pro-British Government, Rashid Ali requests German support, but Germany refuses to intervene and Ali is forced to flee to Iran
Coronation
Crowned king under the French protectorate administration
Restoration
Re-enters the capital, Addis Ababa
Operation Ironclad
The 1st large amphibious assault made by British forces since the Dardanelles. An amphibious invasion of the Vichy French colony of Madagascar
Vichy Government
An amphibious invasion of the Vichy French colony of Madagascar
President of Venezuela
Appointed President of Venezuela
Operation Ironclad
Vichy forces surrender to the British in Madagascar
Vichy Government
Vichy forces surrender to the British in Madagascar
Enigma Machine
Boards U-110 and recovers an Enigma machine, rotors, codebooks and current cryptographic material.
Enigma Machine
Participates in the U-110 capture operation that secures valuable German Enigma material.
Enigma Machine
Orders a boarding party onto disabled U-110, enabling capture of an intact Enigma machine and code material.
Capture of Diego Suarez
The British march into Diego Suarez in Madagascar after just 2 days fighting
Invasion of Madagascar
The British march into Diego Suarez in Madagascar after 2 days fighting
Operation Ironclad
The British march into Diego Suarez in Madagascar after just 2 days fighting
Siege of Diego Suarez
The British march into Diego Suarez in Madagascar after 2 days fighting
Arrest of Rudolph Hess
Arrested by the British & held as a POW
Meeting with The Duke of Hamilton to submit his
Proposes asking Britain to give Germany a free hand in Europe, in exchange Germany will leave the British Empire intact. Hess flies himself to Scotland & meets the Duke of Hamilton to submit his own peace proposals
Exile of Adolf Hitler
Announces Hess flight to Britain was due to a mental breakdown
Jurisdiction Order
Signs an order defending German troops from any crimes against the Russian population
Birth of Ritchie Valens
Birth of Ritchie Valens, Richard Steven Valenzuela
Invasion of Russia
The original day planned for operation Barbarossa
Operation Barbarossa
The original day planned for operation Barbarossa
Afrika Korps
The 1st British operation against the Afrika Korps, attempts to throw the Axis forces back from the Egyptian frontier
Operation Brevity
The 1st British operation against the Afrika Korps, attempts to throw the Axis forces back from the Egyptian frontier
Manhattan Project
A report by Arthur Compton and the National Academy of Sciences is issued which finds favorable the prospects of developing nuclear power production for military use
National Academy of Sciences
A report by Arthur Compton and the National Academy of Sciences is issued which finds favorable the prospects of developing nuclear power production for military use
Manhattan Project
Vannevar Bush creates the Office of Scientific Research and Development (OSRD)
Office of Scientific Research and Development (OSRD)
Vannevar Bush creates the Office of Scientific Research and Development (OSRD)
Viet Minh Founded
Helps develop the Viet Minh movement after its formation
Final Solution
An order is issued by the RSHA to block emigration of Jews attempting to leave Belgium or France as part of the "imminent Final Solution of the Jewish question." The RSHA.
Final Solution
And food in Theresienstadt (a concentration camp to extermination facilities like Auschwitz).
Final Solution
If they turned over their assets to the RSHA through a 'phony' home-purchase plan.
Final Solution
Working with Adolf Eichmann's Reich Association of Jews in Germany, deliberately deceived Jews living in Germany and those of other countries by promising them good living quarters, medical care.
Reich Association of Jews
An order is issued by the RSHA to block emigration of Jews attempting to leave Belgium or France as part of the "imminent Final Solution of the Jewish question." The RSHA.
Reich Association of Jews
And food in Theresienstadt (a concentration camp to extermination facilities like Auschwitz).
Reich Association of Jews
If they turned over their assets to the RSHA through a 'phony' home-purchase plan.
Reich Association of Jews
Working with Adolf Eichmann's Reich Association of Jews in Germany, deliberately deceived Jews living in Germany and those of other countries by promising them good living quarters, medical care.
Crete Operation High Command Coordination
Jodl's staff participates in OKW coordination as German airborne forces attack Crete.
Invasion of Crete
A German air landing manages to capture Crete after twelve days of severe fighting
Invasion of Crete
Germany launches an invasion of Crete, 23,000 men & 600 aircraft attack Crete
Mercury
The German attack on Crete begins
Rule of Crete
A German air landing manages to capture Crete after twelve days of severe fighting
Final Solution
An order is issued by the RSHA to block emigration of Jews attempting to leave Belgium or France as part of the "imminent Final Solution of the Jewish question." The RSHA.
Final Solution
And food in Theresienstadt (a concentration camp to extermination facilities like Auschwitz).
Final Solution
If they turned over their assets to the RSHA through a 'phony' home-purchase plan.
Final Solution
Working with Adolf Eichmann's Reich Association of Jews in Germany, deliberately deceived Jews living in Germany and those of other countries by promising them good living quarters, medical care.
Reichssicherheitshauptamt (RSHA)
An order is issued by the RSHA to block emigration of Jews attempting to leave Belgium or France as part of the "imminent Final Solution of the Jewish question." The RSHA.
Reichssicherheitshauptamt (RSHA)
And food in Theresienstadt (a concentration camp to extermination facilities like Auschwitz).
Reichssicherheitshauptamt (RSHA)
If they turned over their assets to the RSHA through a 'phony' home-purchase plan.
Reichssicherheitshauptamt (RSHA)
Working with Adolf Eichmann's Reich Association of Jews in Germany, deliberately deceived Jews living in Germany and those of other countries by promising them good living quarters, medical care.
Birth of Bob Dylan
Birth of Bob Dylan at Duluth, Minnesota
Family
Abe Zimmerman is father of Bob Dylan.
Birth of Bob Dylan
Birth of Bob Dylan, born Robert Allen Zimmerman.
Dismissal
Relieved of his command by Hitler after the Panzers are forced onto the defensive
Capture of Halfaya Pass
Reinforced by the 1fifth panzer division recaptures Halfaya Pass
Luftflotte
Britain decides to evacuate Crete
Mercury
Crete is captured by the German forces
Mercury
Crete is captured by the German forces, Freyberg organizes the British withdrawal
Economy of USA
Roosevelt declares a state of emergency, the Government assumes wide-ranging control of the economy & pledges to resist German aggression
State of Emergency
Roosevelt declares a state of emergency, the Government assumes wide-ranging control of the economy & pledges to resist German aggression
Capture of Crete
Takes Crete from the British with an airbourne assault
Invasion of Egypt
Appeals in vain to launch an offensive against Egypt & Suez
Suez Canal
Appeals in vain to launch an offensive against Egypt & Suez
Suez Canal
Urges Hitler to concentrate on Mediterranean strategy and seize the Suez Canal, but the proposal is not adopted.
Luftwaffe
German support appears in the form of a small number of Luftwaffe fighter planes, and the British forces quickly defeat the Iraqi military
Siege of Basra
German support appears in the form of a small number of Luftwaffe fighter planes, and the British forces quickly defeat the Iraqi military
Coup
The Rashid Ali Al-Gaylani coup leads to a British invasion of Iraq
Invasion of Iran
The Rashid Ali Al-Gaylani coup leads to a British invasion of Iraq
Siege of Habbaniya
Defeated by the British who regain control of Iraq
Capture of Crete
Germany captues Crete
Bombing of Canea
Commands the bombing of Canea
Bombing of Heraklion
Commands the bombing of Heraklion
Enigma Machine
Uses captured German naval cryptographic material to strengthen Hut 8 attacks on U-boat Enigma.
Enigma Machine
Works in Hut 8 as captured U-boat material helps restore access to German Naval Enigma traffic.
Free French
Wilson is appointed GOC Palestine and Trans Jordan and oversaw the successful Syria campaign, in which predominantly Australian, British, Indian, and Free French forces overcame Vichy French forces in fierce fighting
GOC
Wilson is appointed GOC Palestine and Trans Jordan and oversaw the successful Syria campaign, in which predominantly Australian, British, Indian, and Free French forces overcame Vichy French forces in fierce fighting
Invasion of Lebanon
Wilson is appointed GOC Palestine and Trans Jordan and oversaw the successful Syria campaign, in which predominantly Australian, British, Indian, and Free French forces overcame Vichy French forces in fierce fighting
Invasion of Syria
Wilson is appointed GOC Palestine and Trans Jordan and oversaw the successful Syria campaign, in which predominantly Australian, British, Indian, and Free French forces overcame Vichy French forces in fierce fighting
Vichy Government
Wilson is appointed GOC Palestine and Trans Jordan and oversaw the successful Syria campaign, in which predominantly Australian, British, Indian, and Free French forces overcame Vichy French forces in fierce fighting
Liverpool Blitz
His government faces severe bombing damage during the Liverpool Blitz.
Major General
Appointed Major General
Major General
Appointed Major General
June 194197 historical events
Luftflotte
The British evacuation of Crete is completed
Invasion of Russia
Present at a meeting with Hitler to plan the invasio of Russia
Death of Hugh Seymour Walpole
Death of Hugh Seymour Walpole
Birth of Charlie Watts
Birth of Charlie Watts, later drummer of the Rolling Stones.
Death of Reinhard Tristan Eugen Heydrich
Death of Reinhard Heydrich
Free French
British and Free French troops invade Syria
Invasion of Syria
British and Free French troops invade Syria
Final Barbarossa Reports Reviewed
Jodl attends final high-level reports on Operation Barbarossa shortly before the invasion.
Battle of Halfaya Pass
The Eighth Panzer Regiment destroys 60 British tanks
International Sanctions
US sanctions on Japan
Battle of Halfaya Pass
Failed Btitish attempt on the German held pass south the Libya-Cyrenaica border
Operation Barbarossa
Kesselrings concentration of Luftflotte is completed. In the 1st raid 2,500 enemy aircraft are destroyed
Battleaxe
The operation is a failure & Wavell is replaced by Auchinleck. Launched to relieve Tobruk & break the Axis defenses on the Egypt border
Battle of Halfaya Pass
The Western Desert Force loses 200 tanks. Orders a general assault to destroy the British around Halfaya
Battleaxe
A German counterattack forces the Allies the retreat
Battle of Halfaya Pass
Wavell is later replaced by General Claude Auchinleck. Wavell attempts a counter-attack but his troops are stopped
Siege of Tobruk
Wavell attempts a counter-attack but his troops are stopped
Treaty Negotiations
The Government signs a nonaggression Treaty with Germany
Enigma Machine
Joins Hut 8 to work on German Naval Enigma immediately after completing his Cambridge examinations.
Invasion of Russia
The 4th Army reaches the outskirts of Moscow
Operation Barbarossa
The 4th Army reaches the outskirts of Moscow
Declaration of War
Germany declares war on Russia shortly after the invasion
Invasion of Russia
3,050,000 troops, 3,350 tanks , 7,000 field guns & 2,000 arcraft are ready
Invasion of Russia
Timoshenko & Zhukov co-sign the order to put all forces on alert
Invasion of Russia
Timoshenko & Zhukov co-sign the order to put all forces on alert
Declaration of War
Germany declares war on Russia shortly after the invasion
Invasion of Russia
All forces are placed on alert
Operation Barbarossa Begins
Jodl serves at OKW as Germany launches the invasion of the Soviet Union.
Operation Barbarossa
Serves under General Erich Hoepner
Siege of Moscow
Responsible for the siege of Moscow
Invasion of Russia
Responsible for advancing into the Baltic States. Responsible capturing Baltic ports & moving to Leningrad
Siege of Leningrad
Responsible for capturing Balic ports & moving to Leningrad
Army Group South
1st day of Operation Barbarossa, commands the Army Group South consisting of 52 Divs
Invasion of Russia
1st day of Operation Barbarossa, commands the Army Group South consisting of 52 Divs
Invasion of Russia
Responsible for capturing the Ukraine & the Caucasus
Operation Barbarossa
1st day of Operation Barbarossa, commands the Army Group South consisting of 52 Divs
Operation Barbarossa
Responsible for capturing the Ukraine & the Caucasus
Invasion of Russia
First day of Operation Barbarossa, commands the Army Group North
Operation Barbarossa
1st day of Operation Barbarossa, commands the Army Group North
Declaration of War
Declares war on Russia
Invasion of Russia
German planes bomb Russian border cities
Invasion of Russia
The Luftwaffe supports Operation Barbarossa and attacks Soviet airfields
Invasion of Russia
First day of Operation Barbarossa, commands the 5 divisions of the 1st Panzer Group
Operation Barbarossa
First day of Operation Barbarossa, commands the 5 divisions of the 1st Panzer Group
Declaration of War
Schulenberg delivers Germany's declaration of war to Molotov
Border Settlement
Interned for a few weeks, and transferred to the Soviet-Turkish border
Operation Barbarossa
Joins Germany's invasion of the Soviet Union.
Comintern
When the Soviet Union is invaded on 22 June 1941, the Comintern changed its position to one of active support for the Allies
Supreme Commander
Appointed Supreme Commander of the Soviet Armed Forces
German Invasion of USSR
Comments on Germany’s invasion of the Soviet Union.
Commissar
Appointed Commander of military operations after the German Invasion of Russia
Supreme Commander
Appointed Supreme Commander of the Soviet Armed Forces
Invasion of Russia
Ordered by Stalin to begin counter-offensve operations
Commissar
Takes over military operations after the German Invasion of Russia
Comintern
When the Soviet Union is invaded on 22 June 1941, the Comintern changed its position to one of active support for the Allies
Invasion of Russia
Stalin is so demoralized by the German invasion that he remains drunk for 11 days. At 3:40 German planes bomb Russian border cities
Invasion of Russia
3 million German soldiers attack the Soviet army of 5.7 million, 2.5 of them in the west, in the coming weeks, Stalin mobilizes some 10 million reservists
Stavka
Sets up a supreme general-staff HQ
Invasion of Russia
Informs the Politburo of the invasion by German forces
Declaration of War
Schulenberg delivers Germany's declaration of war to Molotov
Invasion of Russia
Announces over the radio to the Russian people that Germany has invaded Russia
Capture of Grodno
Grodno is captured during the German invasion of Russia
Siege of Dvinsk
Manstein captures the bridges at Dvinsk
Capture of Brest Litovsk
Vilna & Kovoo are taken after the fall of Brest Litovsk during the German invasion of Russia
Capture of Kovoo
Vilna & Kovoo are taken after the fall of Brest Litovsk during the German invasion of Russia
Capture of Vilna
Vilna & Kovoo are taken after the fall of Brest Litovsk during the German invasion of Russia
Invasion of Russia
Vilna & Kovoo are taken after the fall of Brest Litovsk during the German invasion of Russia
Invasion of Russia
By the 2nd day of the invasion the Luftwaffe has destroyed 2,000 Russian aircraft
Luftwaffe
By the 2nd day of the invasion the Luftwaffe has destroyed 2,000 Russian aircraft
Invasion of Russia
Sends the Eighth & 15th mechanized corps on the offensive
Capture of Duenaburg
Duenaburg is captured during the German invasion of Russia
Invasion of Russia
The western front is broken & the Germans charge towards Minsk
Siege of Minsk
The western front is broken & the Germans charge towards Minsk
Western Front
The western front is broken & the Germans charge towards Minsk
Invasion of Russia
The western front is broken & the Germans charge towards Minsk. Builds a reserve front 300 km behind the front
Western Front
The western front is broken & the Germans charge towards Minsk
Siege of Minsk
Hoth & Guderian encircle Minsk trapping 300,000 Russian soldiers
Siege of Minsk
Hoth & Guderian encircle Minsk trapping 300,000 Russian soldiers
Battle of Kursk
Sweeps forward to the north of Kursk
Iasi Pogrom
Romanian authorities perpetrate mass killing in Iasi.
Great Fatherland War
The Central Commitee declares this the "Great Fatherland War"
Invasion of Russia
The Central Commitee declares this the "Great Fatherland War"
Commissar Policy Draft Reviewed
Jodl contributes comments to planning connected with the criminal policy against captured Soviet political commissars.
Invasion of Russia
Kleist commands 1st Panzergruppe, comprising XVIII and XL Panzer Corps, which spearheads the Blitzkrieg-style invasion of Russia
Conscription
Authorizes the employment of Russian prisoners in the German Army. All "racial Germans" are given German citizenship & made subject to the draft
Operation Blue
Launches Operation Blue, to trap Soviet forces in a pincer movement west of the Don
Operation Blue
Launches Operation Blue, phase 1 to capture Voronezh
Siege of Voronezh
Launches Operation Blue, phase 1 to capture Voronezh
Invasion of Russia
Tries to thwart the German attack on the Soviet Union in June 1941 through means such as hinting at the countrys military strength and the unassailability of its industrial reserves
Dolphin U-boat Key
Hut 8 work, including Turings methods, helps make the German U-boat key Dolphin readable on a near-daily basis during the summer.
Enigma Machine
Has set up a good working system for decrypting Enigma signals but there were only a few bombes so not enough time to translate all the signals, in the summer there was considerable success and shipping losses had fallen to under 100,000 tons a month
Marriage
Turing proposes marriage to Hut 8 co-worker Joan Clarke, a fellow mathematician and cryptanalyst, but their engagement is short-lived after admitting his homosexuality to his fiancee, who is reportedly "unfazed" by the revelation, Turing decides that he cannot not go through with the marriage
Suez Canal
Maintains Mediterranean naval forces based at Alexandria to protect supply routes linked to Egypt and the Suez Canal.
Air Defence of Egypt
Commands RAF Middle East air operations supporting the defence of Egypt and the Suez Canal.
Invasion of Russia
Romanian forces join the invasion of Russia by Germany
Evacuation of Ukrainian Industry
Helps organize evacuation of industrial assets as German forces advance into Soviet Ukraine.
Speech
Delivers the "Blood and Guts" speeches
July 194137 historical events
Commander in Chief
Appointed Commander in Chief
Commander in Chief
Appointed Commander in Chief
Broadcast
Warns Russia of the danger of the German invasion. Addresses the Russian people as "brothers & sister"
Invasion of Russia
Warns Russia of the danger of the German invasion during a broadcast
Debut
Maria Callas makes her debut as Tosca
United States Assumes Defence of Iceland
Iceland accepts an arrangement under which United States forces replace British troops in defending the island while Iceland formally remains neutral.
Execution
Sixth Army HQ instructs shoot Russians with a cropped head & wearing plain clothes
Invasion of Russia
After the pincer battles of Bialystok & Minsk are concluded: 324,000 prisoners, 3,332 tanks & 1,809 guns are captured
Battle of Smolensk
1st day of the Battle of Smolensk
Battle of Britain
Grand Admiral Erich Raeder, Commander in Chief of the Kriegsmarine (German Navy), told Hitler that an invasion could only be contemplated as a last resort, and only after full air superiority had been achieved
President of Panama
Panama joins the Allied war effort after the attack on Pearl Harbor
Invasion of Russia
The Stalin Line was broken through on all important points
Stalin Line
The Stalin Line was broken through on all important points
MAUD Committee
Supports the MAUD conclusion on uranium weapon feasibility while based at Liverpool.
MAUD Committee
MAUD report concludes a uranium bomb is feasible.
Convention
The Vichy French forces in Syria surrender to the Allied forces
Vichy Government
The Vichy French forces in Syria surrender to the Allied forces
Reform of War Policy
Reduces armies to 5 or 6 divisions so they are more mobile & less of an aerial target
Manhattan Project
The MAUD Committee issues final detailed technical report on design and costs to develop a bomb, advance copy sent to Vannevar Bush who decides to wait for official version before taking any action
Arrest of Yakov Stalin
Stalins son is captured. In line with Russian policy soldiers captured by Germans are treated as traitors
North Africa
States he will not be able to attack Rommel until mid November
Appointment to Interior and Education
Samir al-Rifai entered Tawfiq Abu al-Huda’s fourth government as minister responsible for interior affairs and education. The appointment gave him responsibility for two central functions of the Transjordanian administration.
Invasion of Yugoslavia
Germany occupies Yugoslavia and Greece
Rule of Yugoslavia
Germany occupies Yugoslavia and Greece
Recognition of the Czech Government in exile
The Czech Government in exile is recognized by Great Britain
Eastern Campaign Situation Briefings
Jodl participates in frequent operational briefings as the German advance continues deep into the Soviet Union.
Capture of Demyansk
Manstein captures Demyansk
Capture of Torzhok
Manstein captures Torzhok
Capture of Minsk
Bocks AG centre troops capture Minsk
Death of Walter von Reichenau
Orders the execution of 3,000 Jews in Russia as a reprisal measure
Execution
Orders the execution of 3,000 Jews in Russia as a reprisal measure
Siege of Moscow
Brauchitschs advice to attack Moscow directly is rejected by Hitler
Assigned leader of the Russia Committee, a Foreign Office post with no
Assigned leader of the Russia Committee, a Foreign Office post with no political influence that neutralized him
Neutrality
Assigned leader of the Russia Committee, a Foreign Office post with no political influence that neutralized him
Embargo
The US imposes a total embargo on Japan for its invasion of Indochina. Britain freezes Japans assets for its invasion of Indochina
Invasion of Indochina
Japan invades southern Indochina
Invasion of Russia
By mid July Russia has lost 3,500 tanks, 6,000 aircraft & 2 million men
August 1941124 historical events
Death of Bruno Mussolini
Bruno Mussolini, son of Benito Mussolini, is killed in an air accident while testing a Piaggio P.108 bomber near Pisa.
Siege of Smolensk
Helps encircle large Russian forces at Smolensk
Alliance Churchill and Roosevelt
Churchill & Roosevelt meet for the 1st of their wartime meetings in Newfoundland
Atlantic Charter
Meets Roosevelt at the Atlantic Conference in Newfoundland.
Atlantic Charter
Seeks closer American support while Britain remains at war with Germany.
Atlantic Charter
Discusses Atlantic strategy with senior United States naval officers.
Atlantic Charter
Takes part in Anglo-American naval talks at the conference.
Atlantic Charter
Participates in military discussions with American chiefs.
Atlantic Charter
Represents British Army planning during the Atlantic Conference.
Atlantic Charter
Begins the Atlantic Conference while the United States remains formally neutral.
Atlantic Charter
Meets Churchill in Newfoundland to discuss war aims and the postwar order.
Atlantic Charter
Participates in the conference as Roosevelt's close wartime adviser.
Atlantic Charter
Supports Anglo-American coordination during the Newfoundland meetings.
Atlantic Charter
Advises Roosevelt during political discussions with the British delegation.
Atlantic Charter
Participates in the Atlantic Conference as the State Department representative.
Atlantic Charter
Discusses Anglo-American maritime strategy with British naval leaders.
Atlantic Charter
Participates in naval discussions during the Atlantic Conference.
Atlantic Charter
Attends the Atlantic Conference as commander of the United States Atlantic Fleet.
Atlantic Charter
Contributes to naval discussions surrounding Atlantic security and cooperation.
Atlantic Charter
Represents United States Army planning during talks with British chiefs.
Atlantic Charter
Takes part in military discussions at the Atlantic Conference.
Execution
Reichenaus 6th Army HQ orders executions to be left to the SD or SS
Sixth Army
Reichenaus 6th Army HQ orders executions to be left to the SD or SS
Atlantic Charter
Hosts Roosevelt at the joint Sunday service aboard Prince of Wales.
Atlantic Charter
Uses the ceremony to emphasize shared Anglo-American values.
Atlantic Charter
Accepts a common statement despite concerns about imperial implications.
Atlantic Charter
Accepts disarmament of aggressor nations after the defeat of Nazi Germany.
Atlantic Charter
Accepts economic cooperation as part of the proposed postwar settlement.
Atlantic Charter
Accepts opposition to territorial changes made without popular consent.
Atlantic Charter
Accepts the goal of freedom from fear and want after Nazi defeat.
Atlantic Charter
Agrees to principles supporting improved access to trade and raw materials.
Atlantic Charter
Commits Britain to a principle of consent in territorial settlement.
Atlantic Charter
Negotiates the wording of the joint declaration with Roosevelt.
Atlantic Charter
Supports a peace allowing nations to live safely within their boundaries.
Atlantic Charter
Supports reducing armaments under a wider system of security.
Atlantic Charter
Joins conference discussions concerning munitions and wartime supply.
Atlantic Charter
Represents British supply priorities during talks with American officials.
Atlantic Charter
Attends discussions concerning Anglo-American wartime cooperation and supply.
Atlantic Charter
Supports coordination of American material assistance to Britain.
Atlantic Charter
Attends a joint Sunday service aboard HMS Prince of Wales.
Atlantic Charter
The service visibly demonstrates growing Anglo-American solidarity.
Atlantic Charter
Links postwar security with social welfare and economic advancement.
Atlantic Charter
Places rejection of territorial expansion among the charter's common principles.
Atlantic Charter
Places unhindered maritime movement within the charter's international vision.
Atlantic Charter
Promotes political self-determination within the charter's postwar vision.
Atlantic Charter
Supports an eight-point framework for wartime aims and postwar peace.
Atlantic Charter
Supports establishment of a wider permanent system of general security.
Atlantic Charter
Supports freedom of the seas as a central postwar principle.
Atlantic Charter
Supports international economic cooperation and improved labour standards.
Atlantic Charter
Supports restoration of sovereign rights and self-government after Axis occupation.
Atlantic Charter
Supports the principle that neither country seeks territorial aggrandizement.
Atlantic Charter
The principle anticipates later work toward the United Nations.
Atlantic Charter
Works with Churchill on a statement of common international principles.
Atlantic Charter
Cabinet acceptance allows the joint declaration to proceed.
Atlantic Charter
Forwards the proposed declaration to the British War Cabinet.
Atlantic Charter
Receives British Cabinet approval for the proposed charter.
Atlantic Charter
Urges ministers not to raise unnecessary obstacles to the agreement.
Alliance Agreement
US President Roosevelt and British Prime Minister Churchill sign the Atlantic Charter in Argentia Bay (Newfoundland), the charter establishes common wartime principals and emphasised the strength of Anglo-American alliance despite US neutrality
Alliance Atlantic Charter
US President Roosevelt and British Prime Minister Churchill sign the Atlantic Charter in Argentia Bay (Newfoundland), the charter establishes common wartime principals and emphasised the strength of Anglo-American alliance despite US neutrality
Atlantic Charter
US President Roosevelt and British Prime Minister Churchill sign the Atlantic Charter in Argentia Bay (Newfoundland), the charter establishes common wartime principals and emphasised the strength of Anglo-American alliance despite US neutrality
Atlantic Charter
Concludes his Newfoundland meetings with Roosevelt.
Atlantic Charter
Returns with a joint declaration linking Britain more closely to America.
Neutrality
US President Roosevelt and British Prime Minister Churchill sign the Atlantic Charter in Argentia Bay (Newfoundland), the charter establishes common wartime principals and emphasised the strength of Anglo-American alliance despite US neutrality
Atlantic Charter
Concludes the Atlantic Conference after four days of meetings.
Atlantic Charter
Leaves Newfoundland with agreement on common principles and strategic cooperation.
Alliance Agreement
US President Roosevelt and British Prime Minister Churchill sign the Atlantic Charter in Argentia Bay (Newfoundland), the charter establishes common wartime principals and emphasised the strength of Anglo-American alliance despite US neutrality
Alliance Atlantic Charter
US President Roosevelt and British Prime Minister Churchill sign the Atlantic Charter in Argentia Bay (Newfoundland), the charter establishes common wartime principals and emphasised the strength of Anglo-American alliance despite US neutrality
Atlantic Charter
US President Roosevelt and British Prime Minister Churchill sign the Atlantic Charter in Argentia Bay (Newfoundland), the charter establishes common wartime principals and emphasised the strength of Anglo-American alliance despite US neutrality
Neutrality
US President Roosevelt and British Prime Minister Churchill sign the Atlantic Charter in Argentia Bay (Newfoundland), the charter establishes common wartime principals and emphasised the strength of Anglo-American alliance despite US neutrality
Conference of Quebec
The Allies 1st make plans for operation Overlord
Conference of Quebec
The Allies agree to set up the East Asia Command. The Allies agree to recognize de Gaulles Committee for National Liberation of France. 13 Aug-23 August, the Allies agree to mount an invasion called "Overlord" in May 44
Operation Overlord
13 Aug-23 August, the Allies agree to mount an invasion called "Overlord" in May 44
Atlantic Charter
Issues the Atlantic Charter jointly with President Roosevelt.
Atlantic Charter
Presents common Anglo-American principles for war aims and postwar peace.
Birth of David Van Cortland Crosby
Birth of David Van Cortland Crosby
Atlantic Charter
Issues the joint declaration later known as the Atlantic Charter.
Atlantic Charter
Publicly sets out eight common principles with Churchill.
Afrika Korps
Panzer Group Africa is activated with Rommel in command, and command of the Afrika Korps SS turned over to Ludwig Cruwell
Panzer Group Africa
Panzer Group Africa is activated with Rommel in command, and command of the Afrika Korps SS turned over to Ludwig Cruwell
Afrika Korps
Panzer Group Africa is activated with Rommel in command, and command of the Afrika Korps SS turned over to Ludwig Cruwell
Commander of Afrika Korps
Panzer Group Africa is activated with Rommel in command, and command of the Afrika Korps SS turned over to Ludwig Cruwell
Afrika Korps
Panzer Group Africa is activated with Rommel in command, and command of the Afrika Korps SS turned over to Ludwig Cruwell
Panzer Group Africa
Panzer Group Africa is activated with Rommel in command, and command of the Afrika Korps SS turned over to Ludwig Cruwell
Afrika Korps
Panzer Group Africa is activated with Rommel in command, and command of the Afrika Korps SS turned over to Ludwig Cruwell
Commander of Afrika Korps
Panzer Group Africa is activated with Rommel in command, and command of the Afrika Korps SS turned over to Ludwig Cruwell
BBC Eastern Service
Begins work for the BBC Eastern Service.
Battle of Smolensk
About 300,000 Russian prisoners are taken
Birth of David Anthony Dave Brock
Birth of David Anthony "Dave" Brock
Invasion of Iran
British & Soviet troops invade Iran
Invasion of Iran
British troops complete the occupation of the Abadan oilfields in Iran
Collaboration
Laval is shot four times while reviewing the Legion des Volontaires Francais at Versailles, he survives his wounds and is returned to power in Vichy on April 18,1942
Vichy Government
Laval is shot four times while reviewing the Legion des Volontaires Francais at Versailles, he survives his wounds and is returned to power in Vichy on April 18,1942
Invasion of Iran
A Government more sympathetic had been formed & asks the Allies for a cease-fire
Prime Minister of Australia
Appointed Prime Minister of Australia, Prime Minister until Oct
Resignation of Robert Menzies
Resigns due to dissatisfaction with his wartime leadership
Siege of Tobruk
Demands the Australians in Tobruk be relieved which the Allies reluctantly agree to
King of Laos under French Protection
French authorities enlarge the royal domain after Thai gains in western Laos
Manhattan Project
Mark Oliphant travels to USA to urge development of a bomb rather than power production
Panzer Group Africa
The Panzer Group controls the Afrikakorps plus some additional German units that were sent to Africa, as well as two corps of Italian units
Siege of Leningrad
Ordered north to help with the attack on Leningrad
Battle of Wadi Rezegh
Partially defeats the British 7th Armoured Division in an attempt to recapture Tobruk
Afrika Korps
The Panzer Group controls the Afrikakorps plus some additional German units that were sent to Africa, as well as two corps of Italian units. During the summer of 1941 OKW and OKH enlarge the command structure in Africa by creating a new headquarters called Panzer Group Africa (Panzer Group Africa)
Panzer Group Africa
The Panzer Group controls the Afrikakorps plus some additional German units that were sent to Africa, as well as two corps of Italian units. During the summer of 1941 OKW and OKH enlarge the command structure in Africa by creating a new headquarters called Panzer Group Africa (Panzer Group Africa)
Siege of Yelnaya
Russian divisions are sacrificed to prevent the capture of the Yelnaya rail junction
Siege of Kiev
After the Uman pocket is closed advances to the south of Kiev & joins up with Guderian
Siege of Uman
100,000 Russian prisoners are taken when the Uman pocket is closed
Capture of Smolensk
Smolensk is captured, 300 km outside Moscow but the Germans have lost 250,000
Political Warfare Executive
Appointed to lead the German section of the Political Warfare Executive.
Declaration of Newfoundland
Britain & the US state all countries occupied by Germany should become independent
Visit to Newfoundland
Visits Roosevelt for the 1st time to ask for futher US support in the war. America refuses to join the war
Invasion of Iran
Britain invades Iran to aid supplies to Russia
Dismissal
Mussolini announces administrative measures affecting Sicilian government employees during the wartime reorganization of the island.
Invasion of Indochina
The US & Britain are prepared to go to war if Japan goes further into Indochina
Chairman
Appointed Chairman of the recently formed State Defence Committee
Defence Committee
Appointed Member of recently formed State Defence Committee
Defence Committee
Appointed Member of recently formed State Defence Committee
Defence Committee
Appointed Member of recently formed State Defence Committee
Commander of Northwest Front
Appointed Commander of the Armies in the Northwest Front
Leningrad Soviet
Helps found the Military Soviet for the Defence of Leningrad
Dismissal
Dismissed by Stalin for adivising that Kiev should be evacuated
Commander of Northwest Front
Appointed Commander of the Armies in the Northwest Front
Leningrad Soviet
Helps found the Military Soviet for the Defence of Leningrad
Siege of Moscow
Ordered by Stalin to organize a new Bryansk Front to defend Moscow
Siege of Kiev
Defends Kiev, Stalin refuses to allow any withdrawal from Kiev
September 194176 historical events
Commander of West Desert Force
Appointed Commander of the Desert Force
Crusader
Charged with carrying out operation Crusader to relieve Tobruk & re-capture Cyrenaica
Capture of Cyrenaica
Charged with carrying out operation Crusader to relieve Tobruk & re-capture Cyrenaica
Commander of West Desert Force
Appointed Commander of the Desert Force
Commander of Western Desert
Charged with carrying out operation Crusader to relieve Tobruk & re-capture Cyrenaica
Invasion of Cyrenaica
Alan Cunningham is charged with relieving Tobruk & the re-conquest of Cyrenaica
North Africa
Alan Cunningham is charged with relieving Tobruk & the re-conquest of Cyrenaica
Siege of Cyrenaica
Alan Cunningham is charged with relieving Tobruk & the re-conquest of Cyrenaica
Siege of Tobruk
Charged with carrying out operation Crusader to relieve Tobruk & re-capture Cyrenaica
Invention of Zykon B
600 Russian prisoners of war are gassed, 1st experiment with Zykon B
Massacre
600 Russian prisoners of war are gassed, 1st experiment with Zykon B
Birth of Otis Reading
Birth of Otis Reading
Invasion of Iran
The Allies demand that Iran expel all Axis Nationals within 48 hrs, an impossible task
President of Panama
Appointed President of Panama
Commander of Eleventh Army
Appointed Commander of the Eleventh Army
Invasion of Crimea
Manstein is given the task of capturing the Crimea
Siege of Leningrad
By the end of the month the Germans give up storming the City & dig in for a siege. Arrives in Leningrad to co-ordinate its defenses
Democratic Action
Political organizers founded Democratic Action as a national reformist party.
Abdication
Abdicates in order to prevent a Russian invasion
Succession
Succeeds as Shah of Iran. Reza Shah is deposed and his son, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, is installed by an invasion of allied British and Soviet troops
Abdication
Abdicates in order to prevent a Russian invasion
Invasion of Iran
Russian & British troops occupy Tehran
Siege of Tehran
Russian & British troops occupy Tehran
Abdication
The Allies have occupied Tehran forcing the Shah to abdicate in favor of his son
Capture of Tehran
The Allies have occupied Tehran forcing the Shah to abdicate in favor of his son
Dismissal
Replaced by Marshal Timoshenko just before the capture of Kiev
Siege of Kiev
Stalin evacuates Kiev but Halder says the Germans should have concentrated on Moscow
Siege of Kiev
Rundstedt & Guderian complete the encirclement of Kiev
Siege of Kiev
Rundstedt & Guderian complete the encirclement of Kiev
Siege of Kiev
Stalin evacuates Kiev, Hitler calls it "the greatest Battle in world history"
Siege of Kiev
Orders the evacuation of Kiev, 665,000 Russian prisoners are captured
Atlantic Charter
Czechoslovakia supports the Inter-Allied resolution on common principles.
Atlantic Charter
The Czechoslovak government in exile adheres to the Atlantic Charter.
Atlantic Charter
Free French representatives adhere to the Atlantic Charter principles.
Atlantic Charter
His movement joins Allied support for the joint declaration.
Death of Gottfried Feder
Death of Gottfried Feder
Obergruppenfuhrer
Appointed SS-Obergruppenfuhrer und General der Polizei
Reich Central Security Office
Appointed SS-Obergruppenfuhrer und General der Polizei
Sicherheitspolizei
Appointed SS-Obergruppenfuhrer und General der Polizei
Atlantic Charter
Participates as Allied governments formally adhere to Atlantic Charter principles.
Atlantic Charter
Supports the Inter-Allied resolution adopting the charter's common principles.
Atlantic Charter
The Dutch government in exile adheres to Atlantic Charter principles.
Atlantic Charter
The Netherlands joins the Allied resolution supporting the declaration.
Atlantic Charter
Poland joins the Inter-Allied resolution supporting the declaration.
Atlantic Charter
The Polish government in exile adheres to Atlantic Charter principles.
Atlantic Charter
States Soviet policy during the Inter-Allied meeting in London.
Atlantic Charter
The Soviet government joins the resolution adhering to Atlantic Charter principles.
Commander of Eighth Army
Appointed Commander of the Eighth Army
Commander of Eighth Army
Appointed Commander of the Eighth Army
Eighth Army
The Eighth Army comprises the XIII & XXX Corps
Offensive
The Australian Brigade in Tobruk is relieved by British troops
Rule of Czech
Heydrich becomes, for all intents and purposes, military dictator of Bohemia and Moravia, changes to the Governments structure leaves President Emil Hacha and his cabinet virtually powerless
Protector
Appointed "protector" of Bohemia & Moravia
Protector
Appointed acting Reichsprotektor in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia (the part of Czechoslovakia incorporated into the Reich on 15 March 1939)
Rule of Bohemia
Appointed acting Reichsprotektor in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia (the part of Czechoslovakia incorporated into the Reich on 15 March 1939)
Rule of Czech
As the governor of Bohemia and Moravia, Heydrich applies "carrot-and-stick" methods, the black market is suppressed, food rations and pensions are increased, and unemployment insurance is established for the first time
Rule of Czech
Heydrich becomes, for all intents and purposes, military dictator of Bohemia and Moravia, changes to the Governments structure leaves President Emil Hacha and his cabinet virtually powerless.
Rule of Czech
Those associated with the resistance movement or the black market are tortured or executed, under Heydrich, conditions in Prague and the rest of the Czech lands are relatively peaceful and industrial output goes up.
Rule of Moravia
Appointed acting Reichsprotektor in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia (the part of Czechoslovakia incorporated into the Reich on 15 March 1939)
Siege of Moscow
Provides air support for Guderians panzer groups
Siege of Moscow
Guderian takes Yeremenko by surprise when he begins to attack Moscow
Siege of Moscow
The Germans begin their final offensive to take Moscow
Siege of Moscow
Guderian takes Yeremenko by surprise when he begins to attack Moscow
Siege of Moscow
The Germans begin their final offensive to take Moscow
Commander of Army Group A
Appointed Commander of Army Group A
Invasion of Switzerland
Heinrich Himmler discussed the suitability of various personalities for the position of Reichskommissar for the re-union of Switzerland with Germany and its subsequent Reichsstatthalter with his subordinate Gottlob Berger
Commander of Army Group A
Appointed Commander of Army Group A
Operation Typhoon
Ordered by Hitler to invade Moscow, 200 miles away
Massacre
Sonderkommando 4a slaughter 33,771 Jews, within the 6th Armys Area of responsibility
Perekop Isthmus Offensive
Manstein directed Eleventh Army operations against the Soviet defences at the Perekop Isthmus. Breaking through this narrow entrance was a prerequisite for the German advance into Crimea.
Invasion of Switzerland
Heinrich Himmler discussed the suitability of various personalities for the position of Reichskommissar for the re-union of Switzerland with Germany and its subsequent Reichsstatthalter with his subordinate Gottlob Berger
Operation Typhoon
Orders Operation Typhoon, an attack on Moscow
Invasion of Switzerland
Heinrich Himmler discussed the suitability of various personalities for the position of Reichskommissar for the re-union of Switzerland with Germany and its subsequent Reichsstatthalter with his subordinate Gottlob Berger
Defence of Egypt
Takes command of the new Eighth Army, formed to defend Egypt and restore the western desert front before the Suez Canal.
Battle of Cape Matapan
Serves on board the Valiant during the Battle of Cape Matapan
Siege of Moscow
Part of the administration is moved but Stalin stays in Moscow
October 194145 historical events
Operation Taifun
The operation "Taifun" to take Moscow commences
Siege of Moscow
The operation "Taifun" to take Moscow commences
Invasion of Russia
Stalin calls an emergency session of the State Defence Committee
Siege of Bryansk
Encircles Bryansk
Siege of Moscow
Encircles Bryansk
Siege of Moscow
Encircles Vyazma
Siege of Moscow
Ordered by Stalin from Leningrad to create a new western front to defend Moscow
Western Front
Ordered by Stalin from Leningrad to create a new western front to defend Moscow
Resignation of Arthur William Fadden
Resigns as PM of Australia
Leningrad Destruction Policy Transmitted
The order signed by Jodl calls for Leningrad to be destroyed rather than occupied after surrender.
Moscow Destruction Policy Transmitted
The same order extends a destructive policy to Moscow rather than accepting a capitulation.
Moscow and Leningrad Surrender Rejection Order
Jodl signs an order stating that surrender offers from Moscow or Leningrad should not be accepted.
Manhattan Project
Bush takes MAUD report to Roosevelt who approves project to confirm MAUD's findings
Manhattan Project
Bush takes MAUD report to Roosevelt who approves project to confirm MAUD's findings
Death of Walter von Reichenau
Orders, "..just retribution that must be meted out to the subhuman species of Jewry"
Execution
Orders, "..just retribution that must be meted out to the subhuman species of Jewry"
Massacre
Orders the 6th Army to create a command structure for atrocities in the Ukraine
Sixth Army
Orders the 6th Army to create a command structure for atrocities in the Ukraine
Birth of Paul Simon
Birth of Paul Simon
Capture of Kalinin
Captures Kalinin severing the Leningrad-Moscow railway line
Siege of Moscow
The 10th Panzer Division & SS Das Reich reach Borodino, 70 miles from Moscow
Siege of Moscow
1st Panzer Division captures Kalinin 100 niles outside Moscow
Siege of Moscow
Reaches Tula & threatens Moscow from the south
Deportations from Greater German Reich
Coordinates deportations from the Greater German Reich eastward.
Eastern Deportation Coordination
Tens of thousands are sent to ghettos and killing sites.
Siege of Moscow
Prepares to evacuate his HQ from Moscow
Birth of Simon Ward
Birth of Simon Ward
Siege of Moscow
Beria brings in several regiments of the NKVD in to preserve order. A state of siege is declared
Capture of Kharkov
Kharkov is captured by the Germans during the invasion of Russia
Prime Minister of Australia
Appointed Prime Minister of Australia, 1st term
Commander of Panzer Corps 41
Appointed Commander of XXXXI Panzer Corps
Commander of Panzer Corps 41
Appointed Commander of XXXXI Panzer Corps
Enigma Machine
Churchill then wrote a memo to General Ismay which read: "ACTION THIS DAY.
Enigma Machine
Make sure they have all they want on extreme priority and report to me that this has been done.", more than two hundred bombes were in operation by the end of the war.
Enigma Machine
Writes directly to Churchill spelling out his difficulties emphasising how small the need is compared with the vast expenditure of men and money by the forces and compared with the level of assistance they could offer.
Enigma Machine
Orders urgent priority for Bletchley Park resources after receiving the codebreakers' appeal for more support.
Axis Nationals
The government removes many German and Italian nationals after British and Soviet pressure.
Resignation of Arthur William Fadden
Forced to resign after his budget is rejected
Promotion to Lieutenant Colonel
Is promoted to SS-Obersturmbannfuehrer.
SS Rank of Obersturmbannfuehrer
The rank corresponds approximately to lieutenant colonel.
Annihilation Policy Coordination
His transport office becomes central to implementation.
Final Solution Planning Discussions
Participates in discussions concerning the planned annihilation of European Jews.
Posting to Cairo
Is posted to Cairo and works in senior intelligence duties in the Middle East theatre.
Resignation of Konoe Fumimaro
Resigns due to the Armys unwillingness to make concessions demanded by US diplomacy
Resigns due to the Armys unwillingness to make concessions demanded by US
Resigns due to the Armys unwillingness to make concessions demanded by US diplomacy. Resigns due to the Armys unwillingness to make concessions demanded by the US
November 194153 historical events
Execution
The first extermination camps were being built: first Belzec, then Sobibor, Treblinka, Chelmno, Majdanek, and finally Auschwitz-Birkenau, the mass execution of Jews begins in early 1942
Final Solution
The first extermination camps were being built: first Belzec, then Sobibor, Treblinka, Chelmno, Majdanek, and finally Auschwitz-Birkenau, the mass execution of Jews begins in early 1942
Invasion of Russia
Temperatures in Russia begin to drop below zero
Operation Barbarossa
Temperatures in Russia begin to drop below zero
Crusader
Postpones Operation Crusader 1 week to enable the South Africa Division more training
Felix
A plan to capture Gibraltar, the Canaries & Cape Verde. An operation to oust the British from the Meditteranean
Stalin calls for the creation of second front in Europe to relieve
Stalin calls for the creation of second front in Europe to relieve pressure on Russian forces battling German army at the gates of Moscow
Siege of Moscow
The deadline set by Bock in Sept for surrounding Moscow is reached
Invasion of Russia
Progress on Moscow is stopped due to the weather & Russian resistance
Operation Barbarossa
Progress on Moscow is stopped due to the weather & Russian resistance
Invasion of Russia
1st cases of frostbite are reported in the German Army
Operation Barbarossa
1st cases of frostbite are reported in the German Army
Communist Party Founded
Communist Party of Albania is founded and Hoxha emerges as party leader
First Secretary
Appointed First Secretary of the Communist Party of Albania
Siege of Moscow
Announces, "If they want a war of extermination they shall have one"
Siege of Moscow
Stages a symbollically important parade in Red Square
Invasion of Russia
Convinces Hitler that the Russian resistance is on the verge of collapse
Operation Barbarossa
Convinces Hitler that the Russian resistance is on the verge of collapse
Invasion of Africa
Advises Hitler the fight for Africa, "decisive importance for the outcome of the war". Advises Hitler that Italy's promise to invade Africa is meaningless
Siege of Moscow
The Germans begin their 2nd offensive against Moscow
Capture of Rostov
Commences the capture of Rostov by leading "Armoured Battlegroup Langkeit"
Invasion of Russia
Orders Red Army units to destroy all houses & farms 40 miles behind the German lines
Red Army
Orders Red Army units to destroy all houses & farms 40 miles behind the German lines
Crusader
Operation Crusader, to relieve, Tobruk is launched
Operation Crusader
Launches Operation Crusader to relieve Tobruk and push Axis forces back from the approaches to Egypt and Suez.
Fourth Hermann Jonasson Government
Begins the Fourth Hermann Jonasson Government and serves as Prime Minister of Iceland.
Third Hermann Jonasson Government
The Third Hermann Jonasson Government ends, concluding this term as Prime Minister of Iceland.
Invasion of Russia
Kleists leading divisions begin to reach Rostov-on-Don
Operation Barbarossa
Kleists leading divisions begin to reach Rostov-on-Don
Anti-Jewish Army Order
Manstein issued an order that endorsed antisemitic and anti-Bolshevik policies during the German occupation of Soviet territory. The order formed part of the criminal framework within which German forces and killing units persecuted and murdered Jewish civilians.
Invasion of Russia
Kleists Panzers seize a bridge over the Don, the last barrier before the Caucasus. Crooses the Don but is forced back by Timoshenko
Operation Barbarossa
Kleists Panzers seize a bridge over the Don, the last barrier before the Caucasus. Crooses the Don but is forced back by Timoshenko
Invasion of Russia
Kleists Panzers seize a bridge over the Don but are forced back by Timoshenko
Operation Barbarossa
Kleists Panzers seize a bridge over the Don but are forced back by Timoshenko
Capture of Rostov
Leads the German capture of Rostov
Invasion of Russia
Reports to Hitler that the Russian weather has brought his forces to a standstill
Operation Barbarossa
Reports to Hitler that the Russian weather has brought his forces to a standstill
Assembly of Pearl Harbour Strike Force
Nagumo concentrates the six-carrier strike force at Hitokappu Bay before its secret advance toward Hawaii.
Capture of Skoping
Nehring personally leads the 18th Division in its capture of Skoping
Dash to the Wire
Reaches the frontier causing great confusion among the Allied Eighth Army. Breaks out from Tobruk to the Egyptiann border
Commander of Eighth Army
Appointed Commander of the Eighth Army by Auchinleck
Commander of Eighth Army
Appointed Commander of the Eighth Army by Auchinleck
President of Chile
Assumes acting presidential powers after Pedro Aguirre Cerda dies.
Siege of Moscow
Orders that "there be no further falling back". Orders Rokossovsky to hold the line at Kryukovo with the remants his Sixteenth Army
Siege of Moscow
Some German units advance into the southern suburbs of Moscow
Departure for Pearl Harbour
Nagumo leads the Japanese carrier strike force from Hitokappu Bay on its concealed northern route toward Hawaii.
Surrender of Gondar
The surrender of Gondar ends the principal organized Italian military resistance in East Africa.
Dismissal
Asks to be relieved of his command if there is no longer confidence in his leadership
Health of Walter von Brauchitsch
Brauchitsch has a heart attack which is later used as an excuse by Hitler to replace him
Siege of Moscow
Pushes across the Moskva-Volga canal
Siege of Moscow
Sends a force up the Minsk Chausee, where Napoleon had marched
Battle of Rostov
Relaunches the attack on Rostov
Battle of Rostov
The 1st defeat during the Russian invasion. Commands III Panzer Corps spearheading the attack on Rostov
December 1941138 historical events
Commander of Army Group South
Appointed Commander of Army Group South
Dismissal
Relieved of his command by Hitler due to his disagreement over strategy
Commander of Army Group South
Appointed Commander of Army Group South
Invasion of Russia
Russian prisoners amount to 3,806,865; the number of tanks destroyed or captured 21,391, guns, 32,541 & aeroplanes, 17,322
Operation Barbarossa
The remains of 3 panzer groups are forced to continue against the Russian resistance
Pearl Harbour Attack Order
Nagumo receives the coded order confirming that the Pearl Harbour attack will proceed on 7 December.
Operation Barbarossa
A reconnaisance battalion is driven out of a Moscow suburb
Battle of Bir el Gobi
1st day of the battle to cover the tracks of the Eighth Armys withdrawal from Tobruk
Siege of Tobruk
Erwin Rommel is forced to abandon his siege of Tobruk
Battle of Tobruk
Repulses German attacks on the fortress, Rommel decide to abanon Tobruk
Invasion of Malaya
The 25th Army sets sail from Hainan
Revolutionary Nationalist Movement
The Revolutionary Nationalist Movement was founded by Victor Paz Estenssoro and Hernan Siles Zuazo
Revolutionary Nationalist Movement
The Revolutionary Nationalist Movement was founded by Victor Paz Estenssoro and Hernan Siles Zuazo
Counter-Attack
The Russians begin their counter-attack
Battle of Bir el Gobi
The attack on the British fails. Evacuates the eastern Tobruk perimeter to attack the British at Bir el Gobi
Operation Barbarossa
All German forces are held back by 70 degrees of frost
Siege of Moscow
German forces lose more than 500,000 men, Hitler's biggest loss to date
Siege of Moscow
The Soviet counter offensive hits the unsuspecting German army
Siege of Moscow
The Soviet counter offensive hits the unsuspecting German army. The German attack on Moscow is contained. German forces lose mre than 500,000 men, Hitler's biggest loss to date. 720,000 Russian soldiers drive back 800,000 Germans
Siege of Moscow
1st Shock Army & the Sixteenth Army attack the inner side of the German salient
Siege of Moscow
Launches an attack of the German inner salient with the Sixteenth Army
Manhattan Project
Vannevar Bush holds a meeting to organize an accelerated research project, managed by Arthur Compton, Harold Urey develops research into gaseous diffusion as uranium enrichment & Ernest Lawrence investigates separation methods
Manhattan Project
Vannevar Bush holds a meeting to organize an accelerated research project, managed by Arthur Compton, Harold Urey develops research into gaseous diffusion as uranium enrichment & Ernest Lawrence investigates separation methods
Manhattan Project
Vannevar Bush holds a meeting to organize an accelerated research project, managed by Arthur Compton, Harold Urey develops research into gaseous diffusion as uranium enrichment & Ernest Lawrence investigates separation methods
Manhattan Project
Vannevar Bush holds a meeting to organize an accelerated research project, managed by Arthur Compton, Harold Urey develops research into gaseous diffusion as uranium enrichment & Ernest Lawrence investigates separation methods
Manhattan Project
Vannevar Bush holds a meeting to organize an accelerated research project, managed by Arthur Compton, Harold Urey develops research into gaseous diffusion as uranium enrichment & Ernest Lawrence investigates separation methods
Manhattan Project
Vannevar Bush holds a meeting to organize an accelerated research project, managed by Arthur Compton, Harold Urey develops research into gaseous diffusion as uranium enrichment & Ernest Lawrence investigates separation methods
Uranium Enrichment
Develops gaseous-diffusion research for uranium enrichment.
Manhattan Project
Organises accelerated American uranium research.
Electromagnetic Separation
Investigates electromagnetic methods for uranium separation.
Bombing of Pearl Harbour
A Navy Intelligence employee says Honolulu is a target
Battle of Bir el Gobi
Withdraws to Gazala & Tobruk is relieved by the Allies
Dismissal
Brauchitsch is dismissed by Hitler who appoints himself Commander in Chief
Capture of Tobruk
Commands the Eighth Army which captures Tobruk from Rommel
Eighth Army
Commands the Eighth Army which captures Tobruk from Rommel
Bombing of Pearl Harbour
Leads the 1st wave of 183 planes to attack Pearl Harbour
Battle of Pearl Harbour
does not follow the battle up with an air strike & the base remains intact. Dive bombers take off from Nagumos task force 250 miles north of the US Pacific Fleet. Commands the Japanese carriers
Tora Tora Tora Signal
Fuchida signals that tactical surprise has been achieved as the first Japanese air wave reaches Pearl Harbour.
Midget Submarine Attack
Sakamaki commands midget submarine HA-19, which fails to penetrate Pearl Harbour and later grounds on Oahu.
Dive Bombing at Pearl Harbour
Takahashi leads a first-wave dive-bomber unit against targets on Oahu during the Pearl Harbour attack.
Torpedo Attack at Pearl Harbour
Murata leads the first-wave torpedo attack unit against American warships at Pearl Harbour.
Second Wave at Pearl Harbour
Shimazaki leads the second Japanese air wave against Pearl Harbour and nearby military airfields.
Fighter Escort at Pearl Harbour
Itaya leads Akagi's Zero fighters in the first-wave fighter component of the Pearl Harbour attack.
Midget Submarine Launch
Yokoyama commands HA-16, launched from submarine I-16 before the air attack on Pearl Harbour.
Midget Submarine Launch
Furuno commands HA-17, launched from submarine I-18 as part of the Pearl Harbour operation.
Midget Submarine Launch
Iwasa commands one of the five Japanese midget submarines launched for the Pearl Harbour operation.
Attack on USS Arizona
Kasumi commands the aircraft credited by later analysis with dropping the bomb that triggered USS Arizona's catastrophic magazine explosion.
Pearl Harbour Strike Staff
Kusaka serves as Nagumo's chief of staff while the First Air Fleet conducts the Pearl Harbour strike.
Bombing of Pearl Harbour
The Japanese bomb Pearl Harbor sinking or damaging 18 ships. The bombing of Pearl Harbour bring the US into World War II
Bombing of Pearl Harbour
Broadcasts warning messages but atmospheric conditions delay them by 10 hours
Operation Typhoon
Reaches within 20km of Moscow before the Red Army force Model back
Red Army
Reaches within 20km of Moscow before the Red Army force Model back
Siege of Moscow
Reaches within 20km of Moscow before the Red Army force Model back
Declaration of War
Announces to a Greater German Reichstag he had declared war on the US
Birth of Geoffrey Charles Hurst
Birth of Geoffrey Charles Hurst
Declaration of War
Britain declares war on Japan
Invasion of Hong Kong
Japanese troops begin to attack Hong Kong
Siege of Hong Kong
Japanese troops begin to attack Hong Kong
Invasion of Malaya
The 25th Army lands near the Thai border, immediately after Pearl Harbour
Invasion of Hong Kong
Leads the 2Third Army across the border of Japanese occupied China
Declaration of War
The USA declares War on Japan
Formal Declaration of War on Japan
Nationalist China formally declares war on Japan after the Pacific War begins, ending the earlier undeclared legal status of the conflict.
Declaration of War
Britain, Australia & the USA declare war on Japan
Declaration of War
Britain, Australia & the USA declare war on Japan
Felix
Drops Operation Felix to concentrate on Russia in the Balkans
Declaration of War
Romania declares war on the USA
Declaration of War
The USA declares war on Germany
Invasion of Hong Kong
The Hong Kong Governor, Sir Mark Young, rejects a surrender demand. Reaches the waterfront of Kowloon
Capture of Cyrenaica
Commands the Eighth Army which captures Cyrenaica from Rommel
Invasion of Borneo
Japanese forces land on the coast of Borneo
Birth of Dave Dee
Birth of Dave Dee, born David John Harman
Invasion of Hong Kong
The Hong Kong Governor, Sir Mark Young, rejects a surrender demand
Commander of Pacific Fleet
Appointed Commander of the Pacific Fleet after the attack on Pearl Harbour
Commander of Pacific Fleet
Appointed Commander of the Pacific Fleet after the attack on Pearl Harbour
Manhattan Project
First meeting of the OSRD sponsored S-1 project, dedicated to developing fission weapons
Manhattan Project
OSRD research includes radar, guided missiles and fission weapons.
Office of Scientific Research and Development
Directs wartime scientific projects including radar and early-warning systems.
S-1 Section
OSRD coordinates weapons research while radar projects expand separately.
Office of Scientific Research and Development
OSRD sponsors radar, proximity fuze and nuclear research during the war.
Hitler Assumes Army Command Operational Consequences
Jodl continues OKW work after Hitler personally assumes command of the German Army.
Atlantic Wall
Complains to the OKH too many troops & resources are at the Russian & Med Fronts
Legislation
The Selective Service Act requires all men aged 18-64 register, men aged 20-44 are liable to conscription
Conscription
The Selective Service Act requires all men aged 18-64 register, men aged 20-44 are liable to conscription
Chief Naval Operations
Appointed Chief of Naval Operations
Conference of Arcadia
Churchill travels to the US to discuss Anglo-American strategy and priorities with Roosevelt, the Arcadia conference formally endorses the Allies Germany First policy
International Conference
Churchill travels to the US to discuss Anglo-American strategy and priorities with Roosevelt, the Arcadia conference formally endorses the Allies Germany First policy
Landing on Luzon
Homma's Fourteenth Army lands its main force at Lingayen Gulf during the invasion of Luzon.
Conference of Arcadia
Churchill travels to the US to discuss Anglo-American strategy and priorities with Roosevelt, the Arcadia conference formally endorses the Allies Germany First policy
International Conference at Arcadia
Churchill travels to the US to discuss Anglo-American strategy and priorities with Roosevelt, the Arcadia conference formally endorses the Allies Germany First policy
Siege of Luzon
Transferred to Bataan to deny the Japanese the control of Luzon
Capture of Hong Kong
Surrenders Hong Kong to the Japanese
Capture of Hong Kong
Leads the principal assault in the Japanese capture of Hong Kong
Capture of Hong Kong
Sakai accepts the collapse of organized British resistance as Hong Kong surrenders on Christmas Day.
Capture of Hong Kong
Japan accepts the surrender of Hong Kong
Invasion of Lofoten Island
Britain launches Operation Archery, a commando attack against the Lofoten Island off Norway
Operation Archery
Britain launches Operation Archery, a commando attack against the Lofoten Island off Norway
Party Secretary
Aldo Vidussoni becomes secretary of the National Fascist Party.
Capture of Hong Kong
Hong Kong is surrendered to the Japanese
Invasion of Hong Kong
Hong Kong is surrendered to the Japanese
Siege of Hong Kong
Hong Kong is surrendered to the Japanese
Alliance United States and Great Britain
Announces Australia has the USA as its major ally after British defeat at Singapore
Announces Australia has the USA as its major ally
Announces Australia has the USA as its major ally after British defeat at Singapore
Invasion of Norway
A 2nd landing on Lofoten Island reinforces Hitler's belief that Britain is planning to invade Norway
Operation Archery
A 2nd landing on Lofoten Island reinforces Hitler's belief that Britain is planning to invade Norway
Birth of Alexander Chapman Ferguson
Birth of Alexander Chapman Ferguson
Supreme Commander of China Theater
Assumes the role of Supreme Commander of the China Theater as China becomes a formal Allied belligerent in the wider Pacific War.
Commander of Army Group Centre
Appointed Commander Army Group Centre
Mediterranean Strategic Coordination Continues
Jodl's staff continues coordinating German commitments in the Mediterranean and Balkans.
OKW Multi Theatre Operations Role Consolidated
Jodl's operations staff increasingly directs theatres outside the main Eastern Front.
Winter Eastern Front Crisis Briefings
Jodl participates in high-level briefings as German forces face the Soviet winter counteroffensive.
Atlantic Wall
Orders the construction of coastal defences in Northwest France
Invasion of Russia
Admits there is no hope of "strategic success" after the failure to capture Moscow
Siege of Moscow
Forced back 100 miles to avoid Russian encirclement. Admits there is no hope of "strategic success" after the failure to capture Moscow
Operation Typhoon
Model must fight to keep the bridgeheads on the Volga near Kalinin
Operation Typhoon
The assault on Moscow is resumed. Model captures the bridges of the Moscow reservoirs in support of the 4th Army
Siege of Moscow
Model must fight to keep the bridgeheads on the Volga near Kalinin
Atlantic Wall
Orders the construction of the Atlantic Wall, from Norway to the Spanish border
Capture of Kerch
The Russians capture the Kerch penisnsula. Hitler has General Count von Sponeck court-martialled
Court Martial
Hitler has General Count von Sponeck court-martialled
Trial
Hitler has General Count von Sponeck court-martialled
Health of Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill
Churchill has a heart attack just after the US enters the war, it is kept a secret
Commander of South Eastern Army
Appointed Commander of South Eastern Army, a promotion
SAS
The Special Air Service destroys 90 enemy transport & other aircraft
Bombing of Hong Kong
The Japanese bomg Hong Kong
Bombing of Pearl Harbour
Germany declares war on the US & the US enters the war
Bombing of Singapore
The Japanese bomg Singapore
Visit to To Canada
Pays a visit to Canada
Commander of South Eastern Army
Appointed Commander of South Eastern Army, a promotion
South Eastern Army Readiness Programme
Raises training standards across South Eastern Army while maintaining responsibility for coastal defence.
Party Secretary
Appointed Party Secretary of the Fascist Party
Commander of 25th Army
Appointed Commander of the 25th Army
Battle of Kota Baharu
Lands at Kota Baharu during the invasion of Thailand
Commander of 25th Army
Appointed Commander of the 25th Army
Invasion of Malaya
Commands an invasion of nothern Malaya
Invasion of Thailand
Commands an invasion of Thailand
Major General
Appointed Major General
Conference of Washington
Declares, "When Germany is defeated, the collapse of Italy & Japan will follow"
Major General
Appointed Major General
Communist Party
Founds the Communist Party of Albania
First Secretary
Appointed First Secretary of the Communist Party
Minister of Labour
Appointed Minister of Labour
Dublin Theoretical Physics Programme
Develops the research programme of the Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies and helps establish it as an international centre for theoretical physics.
Party Leader
The Revolutionary Nationalist Movement is founded in by Victor Paz Estenssoro and Hernan Siles Zuazo
Party Leader
The Revolutionary Nationalist Movement is founded in by Victor Paz Estenssoro and Hernan Siles Zuazo
Cosmic Microwave Background
McKellar estimates a low interstellar temperature from cyanogen absorption, later recognised as related to the microwave background
Arrest of Ho Chi Minh
Arrests Ho Chi Minh in order to strengthen his own influece in north Vietnam
Alliance Mao Tse-Tung and Russian backed Kuomingtang
After Pearl Harbor the CP is forced into an alliance with the Russian backed Kuomingtang
Alliance Mao Tse-Tung and Russian backed Kuomingtang
After Pearl Harbor the CP is forced into an alliance with the Russian backed Kuomingtang
Provisional Government
Appointed Vice Premier of the Provisional Government in London
Vice Prime Minister
Appointed Vice Premier of the Provisional Government in London
Rule of Czech
In London, the Czechoslovak Government in exile (Prozatimni st tni zrizeni) plots to assassinate Heydrich, two specially trained men, Jan Kubis and Jozef Gabcik, are chosen for the operation
Rule of Czech
In London, the Czechoslovak Government in exile (Prozatimni st tni zrizeni) plots to assassinate Heydrich, two specially trained men, Jan Kubis and Jozef Gabcik, are chosen for the operation
Operation Anthropoid
Benes and Frantisek Moravec plan Operation Anthropoid, with the intention of assassinating Reinhard Heydrich
Assassination of Reinhard Tristan Eugen Heydrich
Parachuted into Czech to help assassinate Heydrich
Death of Jan Kubis
Parachuted into Czechoslovakia to help assassinate Heydrich. Executed for part played in assassinating Heydrich
Execution
Executed for part played in assassinating Heydrich
Assassination of Reinhard Tristan Eugen Heydrich
Parachuted into Czech to help assassinate Heydrich
Death of Josef Gabcik
Parachuted into Czechoslovakia to help assassinate Heydrich. Executed for part played in assassinating Heydrich
Execution
Executed for part played in assassinating Heydrich
Drommen Om En Kvinde
Publication of "Drommen Om En Kvinde"
Exile of Haile Selassie I
Returns from exile in Britain to re-establish his authority
Commander of Free French
Appointed Commander of the Free French forces during the Syrian Campaign
Free French
Appointed Commander of the Free French forces during the Syrian Campaign
Resistance
Appointed Member of resistance in Arras
Vice Prime Minister
Appointed Vice Prime Minister of France in the Vichy Government
Commander of Free French
Appointed Commander of the Free French forces during the Syrian Campaign
Free French
Appointed Commander of the Free French forces during the Syrian Campaign
Resistance
Appointed Member of resistance in Arras
Alliance Axis
Moves closer to the Axis but provokes the mistrust of both sides
Vice Prime Minister
Appointed Vice Prime Minister of France in the Vichy Government
NSDAP
Appointed Head of the Party HQ
Minister of East
Appointed Minister of the occupied Eastern Territories
Reason and Revolution", a study of Hegel
Publication of "Reason & Revolution", a study of Hegel
Reason and Revolution
Publication of "Reason & Revolution", a study of Hegel
Chancellor
Early supporter of the Nazis, involved in the Munich putsch, becomes Party Chancellor
Chief of Staff
Appointed Chief of Staff of the Luftflotte IV in the Balkans
Commander of 3rd Panzer Group
Appointed Commander of the 3rd Panzer Group in the invasion of Russia
Commander of 56th Panzer Corps
Appointed Commander of the 56th Panzer Corps
Commander of Afrika Korps
Appointed Commander of the Afika Korps
Army Group North
Appointed Commander of Army Group North in Russia
Commander of Army Group North
Appointed Commander of Army Group North in Russia
Field Marshal
Appointed Commander of the army groups in the Eastern front
Field Marshal
Appointed Field Marshal, after the fall of France
Oberkommando des Heeres (OKH)
Appointed Commander in Chief of the OKH
General
Appointed Panzer General
Inspector
Appointed Inspector of the Land Fortresses in the West
Major
Appointed Major, youngest Major in the Panzers
Medical Officer
Appointed Medical Officer of the SS Division Leibstandarte
Study of Bayeux Tapestry
Jankuhn directed Nazi-sponsored research into the embroidery's supposed Germanic and ancestral significance.
Survey of Bayeux Tapestry
Jeschke made graphic and colour studies of the embroidery for the Ahnenerbe research project.
Chancellor
Early supporter of the Nazis, involved in the Munich putsch, becomes Party Chancellor
Chief of Staff
Appointed Chief of Staff of the Luftflotte IV in the Balkans
Siege of Kiev
Nehring personally leads the 18th Division during the siege of Kiev
Invasion of Russia
Captures the Bug Bridge leading to Brest Litovsk
Invasion of Russia
Leads an encirclement of Russian troops between Orel & Briansk
Operation Barbarossa
Captures the Bug Bridge leading to Brest Litovsk
Commander of 3rd Panzer Group
Appointed Commander of the 3rd Panzer Group in the invasion of Russia
Commander of 56th Panzer Corps
Appointed Commander of the 56th Panzer Corps
Capture of Agedabia
Captures the Agedabia Wells opening the way for an advance into Cyrenaice
Capture of Bardia
Captures Bardia
Capture of Halfaya Pass
Captures Halfaya & uses it as a springboard into Egypt
Capture of Mechili
Rommel occupies Mechili
Capture of Sollum
Captures Sollum
Invasion of Libya
2 mechanized divisions are sent to aid the Italians in Libya
Commander of Army Group Centre
Appointed Commander Army Group Centre, December
Army Group North
Appointed Commander of Army Group North in Russia
Commander of Army Group North
Appointed Commander of Army Group North in Russia. Appointed Commander Army Group North
Dismissal
Hitler orders the retirement of von Leeb after he wants to withdraw from Leningrad
Siege of Leningrad
Ordered to eliminate the Soviet forces in the Baltic states then advance to Leningrad. Hitler orders the retirement of von Leeb after he wants to withdraw from Leningrad
Invasion of Russia
Appointed Commander of the Army Group South
Operation Barbarossa
Appointed Commander of the Army Group South
Siege of Maikop
Ordered to clear the Black Sea coast, take Rostov, the Maikop oil fields & Stalingrad
Siege of Rostov
Ordered to clear the Black Sea coast, take Rostov, the Maikop oil fields & Stalingrad
Siege of Stalingrad
Ordered to clear the Black Sea coast, take Rostov, the Maikop oil fields & Stalingrad
Invasion of Russia
Ordered to provide air support for Army Group Centre under von Bock
Operation Barbarossa
Ordered to provide air support for Army Group Centre under von Bock
Capture of Ukraine
Encircles the Ukraine by Sept but Moscow cannot be captured in 1941
Wurzburg Radar
German precision radar supports night-fighter and anti-aircraft control.
Kammhuber Line
Combines night fighters, radar and searchlights against British bombers.
Army Group D
Witzleben is appointed Commander in Chief West and commander of Army Group D
Commander in Chief West
Witzleben holds a major western command responsible for German forces in occupied western Europe
Military Opposition
Witzleben remains connected to officers critical of Hitler and the Nazi leadership
Dismissal
Dismissed from the Eastern Front, following the Russian Counter-offensive in Moscow
Eastern Front
Dismissed from the Eastern Front, following the Russian Counter-offensive in Moscow
Field Marshal
Appointed Commander of the army groups in the Eastern front
Capture of Athens
Commands the Twelfth Army which captures Athens
Invasion of Greece
Commands the invasion of Greece & secures a passage through Bulgaria
Twelfth Army
Commands the Twelfth Army which captures Athens
Field Marshal
Appointed Field Marshal, after the fall of France
Siege of Leningrad
Ordered by Hitler to starve the city into surrender rather than attack it. Leeb advises Hitler to withdraw from Leningrad to shorten supply lines, Hitler refuses
Dismissal
Orders the retirement of von Leeb after the latter wants to withdraw from Leningrad
Immigration
Further immigration from Belgium & France is forbidden
International Agreement
Asks Japan to attack Russia, Japan agrees only if Germany successfully invades Russia
Invasion of Russia
As early as 1925, Hitler suggested in Mein Kampf ("My Struggle") that he would invade the Soviet Union, asserting that the German people needed Lebensraum ("living space", i. e. land and raw materials) and that these should be sought in the east
Invasion of Russia
Asks Japan to attack Russia, Japan agrees only if Germany successfully invades Russia. Asks Japan to attack Russia, Japan agrees only if Germany's invasion is successful.
Invasion of Russia
The entire urban population of the invaded land was to be starved to death, thus creating an agricultural surplus to feed Germany and allowing the urban populations replacement by a German upper class. Spy Dr. Richard Sorge gave Stalin the exact German launch date.
Luftflotte
Orders Operation Luftflotte to capture Crete by airbourne assault
Night and Fog Decree
The SD was given the responsibility of carrying out the Night and Fog Decree, designed to crush resistance in occupied Europe
Oberkommando des Heeres (OKH)
Appointed Commander in Chief of the OKH
Sicherdienst (SD)
The SD was given the responsibility of carrying out the Night and Fog Decree, designed to crush resistance in occupied Europe
Siege of Leningrad
Orders the retirement of von Leeb after the latter wants to withdraw from Leningrad. Leeb advises Hitler to withdraw from Leningrad to shorten supply lines, Hitler refuses
General
Appointed Panzer General
Final Solution
Between 1941 and 1945 the Einsatzgruppen and related auxiliary troops killed more than two million people, including 1.3 million Jews
Final Solution
In it's role as the national and NSDAP security service, the RSHA coordinated activities among different agencies that had wide-ranging responsibilities within the Reich. Commanders of Einsatzgruppen and Einsatzkommando sub-units were also desk officers from the main office of the RSHA.
Final Solution
The RSHA oversaw the Einsatzgruppen, death squads formed under the direction of Heydrich and operated by the SS. The operational control of the Einsatzgruppen was taken over by the RSHA.
Final Solution
When the units were re-formed prior to the invasion of the Soviet Union in 1941, men of the Einsatzgruppen were recruited from the SD, Gestapo, Kripo, Orpo, and Waffen-SS. The units followed the invasion forces of the Wehrmacht Heer (German Army) into Eastern Europe.
Reichssicherheitshauptamt (RSHA)
Between 1941 and 1945 the Einsatzgruppen and related auxiliary troops killed more than two million people, including 1.3 million Jews
Reichssicherheitshauptamt (RSHA)
In it's role as the national and NSDAP security service, the RSHA coordinated activities among different agencies that had wide-ranging responsibilities within the Reich. Commanders of Einsatzgruppen and Einsatzkommando sub-units were also desk officers from the main office of the RSHA.
Reichssicherheitshauptamt (RSHA)
The RSHA oversaw the Einsatzgruppen, death squads formed under the direction of Heydrich and operated by the SS. The operational control of the Einsatzgruppen was taken over by the RSHA.
Reichssicherheitshauptamt (RSHA)
When the units were re-formed prior to the invasion of the Soviet Union in 1941, men of the Einsatzgruppen were recruited from the SD, Gestapo, Kripo, Orpo, and Waffen-SS. The units followed the invasion forces of the Wehrmacht Heer (German Army) into Eastern Europe.
Inspector
Appointed Inspector of the Land Fortresses in the West
Invasion of Russia
Takes part in Operation Barbarossa while serving under Heinz Guderian in the 2nd Panzer Army
Major
Appointed Major, youngest Major in the Panzers
Medical Officer
Appointed Medical Officer of the SS Division Leibstandarte
Night and Fog Decree
The SD was given the responsibility of carrying out the Night and Fog Decree, designed to crush resistance in occupied Europe
Sicherdienst (SD)
The SD was given the responsibility of carrying out the Night and Fog Decree, designed to crush resistance in occupied Europe
Final Solution
Present at a meeting along with Speer, Bormann and Field Marshal Wilhelm Keitel at which Hitler had set out his views on the "Jewish question" at some length, making it clear that he intended the "disappearance" of the Jews one way or another
Reich Commissioner for Social House-Building
Appointed Reich Commissioner for Social House-Building (Reichskommissar fur den sozialen Wohnungsbau)
Exile of Josef Terboven
Rounds up Jews in Tromso & northern Norway & has them deported to Germany
Battle of Stalingrad
Advises Hitler the Luftwaffe can keep the Army supplied in Stalingrad, a mistake
Invasion of Russia
The entire urban population of the invaded land was to be starved to death, thus creating an agricultural surplus to feed Germany and allowing the urban populations replacement by a German upper class. Goerings Green Folder laid out details of the Soviet Unions proposed economic disposal after the invasion. Tries to dissuade Hitler from invading Russia
Luftwaffe
Advises Hitler the Luftwaffe can keep the Army supplied in Stalingrad, a mistake
Operation Barbarossa
Placed in charge of the economic exploitation of Russia
Eastern Front
Quirnheim becomes increasingly disturbed by Nazi conduct in the occupied eastern territories
Occupied Territories
He supports more humane treatment of civilians in Nazi occupied Eastern Europe
Resistance
Quirnheim begins to distance himself from the Nazi regime as he becomes more aware of its brutality
Ukraine
His views on civilian treatment bring him into conflict with harsh occupation policies in the east
Marriage
Marries Pamela Kellino
BBC Eastern Service Employment
Orwell joined the BBC Eastern Service and produced broadcasts aimed at audiences in India.
Literature and Totalitarianism Broadcast
Orwell discussed the conflict between imaginative freedom and totalitarian politics in a radio talk.
The Art of Donald McGill
Orwell published an essay examining seaside postcards and popular comic culture.
Guide to the New World
Publication of "Guide to the New World"
Bells and Grass
Publication of "Bells & Grass"
War Cabinet
The Lord Presidents Committee founds a domestic War Cabinet
Board of Trade
Appointed President of the Board of Trade, 2nd term
President of Board of Trade
Appointed President of the Board of Trade, 2nd term
Minister of Education
Appointed Minister of Education
Reform of Education
Introduces the 1944 Education Act
Ambassador
Appointed Ambassador of USA
Minister of State
Appointed Minister of State
Minister of Supply
Appointed Minister of Supply
Minister of Commerce
Appointed Minister of Commerce
Minister of Singapore
Appointed Resident Cabinet Minster in Singapore
Governor
Appointed Governor of Gibraltar
Peerage
Created Baron Denham, 1st
Daily Worker
Persuades the War Cabinet to have the Daily Worker suppressed
Death of John Lawrence Baird
Death of John Lawrence Baird
Into Battle Published
Churchill published Into Battle, a collection of wartime speeches outlining Britain's struggle against Nazi Germany.
The Fourth Climacteric Address
Churchill addressed the United States Congress, explaining the Anglo American partnership after America's entry into the war.
First-Class Degree
Graduates from Oxford with a first-class degree in philosophy, politics and economics.
Balliol Junior Common Room
Serves as President of the Balliol College Junior Common Room.
Oxford Union Election
Loses the Oxford Union presidency election by five votes.
Ministry of Food
Appointed senior administrative officer at the Ministry of Food and an ARP warden during the Blitz
Admiralty Signals Establishment
Hoyle joined wartime radar research at the Admiralty Signals Establishment.
Airborne Interception Radar
Helps develop airborne interception radar for night fighters.
Commander of Eighth Army
Appointed Commander of the Eighth Army
Field Marshal
Appointed Commander in Chief
Staff College Training
Attends the Staff College at Camberley as his rapid wartime progression into higher staff work continues.
Commander in Chief
Appointed Commander of Cyrenaica
Commander in Chief
Appointed to commands the forces in Palestine & Transjordan. Appointed Military Governor of forces in Greece
Commander in Chief
Appointed Commander in Chief
Chief of Imperial General Staff (CIGS)
Appointed Commander of the Imperial General Staff
Commander in Chief
Appointed Commander in Chief of Gibraltar
Commander of 12th Corps
Appointed Commander of the 12th Corps
Naval Enigma Memorandum
Writes technical material for American cryptanalysts explaining methods used against German Naval Enigma.
Sequential Statistical Analysis
Develops statistical reasoning for Banburismus that becomes an original contribution to sequential analysis.
Enigma Machine
Becomes head of the GC&CS Naval Section as Naval Enigma assumes growing importance in the Atlantic.
Enigma Machine
Moves to Hut 8 and joins the concentrated effort against German Naval Enigma.
Enigma Machine
Develops a strong reputation for finding useful cribs in German Naval Enigma traffic.
SAS
The Special Air Service destroys 90 enemy transport & other aircraft. Founds the Special Air Service which disrupts German supply lines in north Africa
Capture of Singapore
Singapore falls to the Japanese, takes responsibility & is removed from office
Dismissal
Singapore falls to the Japanese, takes responsibility & is removed from office
Dismissal
Dismissed from the Eighth Army by Auchinleck
Commander of Eighth Army
Appointed Commander of the Eighth Army, after its defeat by Rommel at Gazala
Airbourne Division
Founds the British Armys 1st Airbourne Division. Commands the Bruneval raid & invasions of north Africa & Sicily
Airborne Radar
Airborne radar aids night interception and maritime patrols.
Crusader
Mounts the successful Crusader Offensive to relieve Tobruk November
Field Marshal
Appointed Commander in Chief
Joint Intelligence Committee Middle East
Serves with the Joint Intelligence Committee in the Middle East, assessing intelligence for senior commanders.
Invasion of Ethiopia
Commander of forces in East Africa
Rule of Ethiopia
Liberates Ethiopia, placed under British rule until independence in 1952
Civil Liberties
Warns against authoritarian habits during wartime emergency.
Royal Artillery
Serves as an officer in the Royal Artillery during the Second World War.
Alliance United States and Russia
Agreement ABC-1 accepts the War & Navy Depts for planning when the US enters the war. Proclaims in a radio broadcast that Stalins Russia will be a full Allied partner
Defence Agreement at Washington
The British & US agree to co-ordinate military missions & set up a Joint Staff Mission
Joint Staff Mission (JSM)
The British & US agree to co-ordinate military missions & set up a Joint Staff Mission
BBC German Service
Helps produce anti-Nazi broadcasts for listeners in Germany.
Commission
Healey receives a commission and transfers into the Royal Engineers.
Royal Engineers
Healey serves with the Royal Engineers after being commissioned during the war.
Second Lieutenant
Healey is commissioned as a second lieutenant.
Commander in Chief
Governs forces in Cyrenaica
Commander in Chief
Military Governor of forces in Greece. Appointed to commands the forces in Palestine & Transjordan
Peerage
Created Baron Ironside, 1st
Commander in Chief
Appointed Commander in Chief
Postwar Health Planning
Begins postwar health discussions during the coalition government.
Adviser
Appointed Principle Military Adivisor to Churchill
Chief of Imperial General Staff (CIGS)
Appointed Commander of the Imperial General Staff
Commander in Chief
Appointed Commander in Chief of Gibraltar
Commander of 12th Corps
Appointed Commander of the 12th Corps
Refuge in Alexandria
After the German invasion of Greece, the young Constantine and his immediate family leave Crete and take refuge in Alexandria, Egypt.
Residence in South Africa
Constantine's family moves from Alexandria to South Africa, where they live under the protection of Prime Minister Jan Smuts.
Wartime Evacuation
Following the German invasion of Greece, the royal family leaves Athens and seeks safety first in Crete and then abroad.
Invasion of Greece
Germany occupies Greece
Capture of Samos
Samos is captured by the Italians
Invasion of Greece
Germany occupies Greece
Rule of Samos
Samos is captured by the Italians
Prime Minister of Hungary
Appointed Prime Minister of Hungary
Death of Teleki
Death of Paul Teleki, suicide
Invasion of Yugoslavia
Teleki commits suicide when he is forced to invade Yugoslavia by the Germans
Suicide
Teleki commits suicide when he is forced to invade Yugoslavia by the Germans. Death of Paul Teleki, suicide
The Independence of India
Publication of "The Independence of India"
Meson Measurements
Bibha Chowdhuri and D. M. Bose publish measurements of cosmic-ray particle tracks that provide early evidence for particles of meson-like mass.
Abdication
The Shah is forced to abdicate after the Russian & British invasion of Iran
Abdication
Abdicates in favour of his son Muhammad Reza Pahlevi
Abdication
The Shah is forced to abdicate after the Russian & British invasion of Iran
Invasion of Iran
The Shah is forced to abdicate after the Russian & British invasion of Iran. Russia & Britain invade Iran, because of its close relations to Germany
Invasion of Iran
Reza Shah is deposed and his son, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, is installed by an invasion of allied British and Soviet troops
Siege of Basra
Believing promises of German support, Rashid Ali orders his forces to attack British bases in western Iraq and to oppose the landing of British forces at the southern city of Basra
Coup
Pro-German coup, Britain re-occupies Iraq
Independence of Israel
Churchill supports the Jewish State & puts it on the WWII Peace Conference agenda
Jewish State
Churchill supports the Jewish State & puts it on the WWII Peace Conference agenda
Health of Benito Amilicare Andrea Mussolini
Requires constanr nursing, particularly after the death of his son Bruno
Exponential Pile Experiments
Uses subcritical exponential piles to estimate neutron multiplication and refine the design parameters needed for a full-scale nuclear reactor.
Subcritical Pile Measurements Guide Reactor
Research on exponential piles informed calculations for later self sustaining nuclear reactors. The work created a practical link between experimentation and infrastructure.
Prime Minister of Japan
Appointed Prime Minister of Japan
Commander in Chief
Appointed Commander in Chief of Japanese forces in China
Commander of 38th Infantry Division
Appointed Commander of the 38th Infantry Division
Commander of First Air Fleet
Appointed Commander of the 1st Air Fleet
Commander of Fourteenth Army
Appointed Commander of the 14th Army before the attack on Luzon in the Philippines
General
Appointed General
Bombing of Pearl Harbour
Plans the attack, argues Japan can only win a quick war
Battle of Pearl Harbour
Help plan Pearl Harbour
Commander of 38th Infantry Division
Appointed Commander of the 38th Infantry Division
Battle of Pearl Harbour
Commander of Eighth Cruiser Division in the Pearl Harbour Strike Force
Commander of First Air Fleet
Appointed Commander of the 1st Air Fleet
Commander of Fourteenth Army
Appointed Commander of the 14th Army
Invasion of Philippines
Appointed Commander of the 14th Army before the attack on Luzon in the Philippines
Siege of Luzon
Commands the attack on Luzon in the Philippines
General
Appointed General
Capture of Japan
Commands the naval forces which capture the Dutch East Indies
Iraq Campaign Support
Units of the Arab Legion supported British operations against the pro-Axis government of Rashid Ali al-Gaylani in Iraq during the Second World War.
Transjordan Mandate
Transjordan’s Arab Legion took part in British-led regional military operations during the Second World War. Its wartime service underscored the emirate’s strategic significance and its close defense relationship with Britain.
Thai Annexations
Thai gains from the Franco-Thai War include Lao territories west of the Mekong
Mayor of Amsterdam
Begins serving as Mayor of Amsterdam during the 1941-1945 municipal term.
Mayoral Term
Concludes service as Mayor of Amsterdam after the 1921-1941 municipal term.
Dawn
Jinnah founds Dawn, a major newspaper that helped him propagate the Leagues point of views
Independence of Pakistan
During the mission of British minister Stafford Cripps, Jinnah demands parity between the number of Congress and League ministers, the Leagues exclusive right to appoint Muslims and a right for Muslim-majority provinces to secede
Dawn
Jinnah founds Dawn, a major newspaper that helped him propagate the Leagues point of views
Independence of Pakistan
During the mission of British minister Stafford Cripps, Jinnah demands parity between the number of Congress and League ministers, the Leagues exclusive right to appoint Muslims and a right for Muslim-majority provinces to secede
El Mundo Es Ancho Y Ajeno
Publication of "El Mundo Es Ancho Y Ajeno"
Election
Elected Senator
Arrest of Josej Cyrankiewicz
Arrested by the Nazis, 1941-45
Diplomatic Negotiations
Negotiates with Russia a recognition of Polands pre-war frontiers with Russia
The 7th Symphony
Composes, "The 7th Symphony", about the German siege of Leningrad
Symponic Dances
Composes, "Symponic Dances"
Ambassador
Appointed Ambassador of USA
Chairman
Appointed Chairman of the Council of Peoples Commissars
Chairman
Appointed Deputy Prime Minister of Russia, Deputy Chair of Sovnarkom
Deputy Prime Minister
Appointed Deputy Prime Minister of Russia, Deputy Chair of Sovnarkom
Sovnarkom
Appointed Deputy Prime Minister of Russia, Deputy Chair of Sovnarkom
Moscow Canal
The Moscow-Volga Canal is completed
Deputy Commissar of NKVD
Promoted to become Deputy Commissar of the NKVD
Serov Instructions
Issues the Serov Instructions, which detailed procedures for mass deportations from the Baltic States
Life in New York
Lives in New York, commenting on the war and warning against both Nazi aggression and Soviet authoritarianism.
Commander in Chief
Appointed Commander in Chief, Southwestern Front
Commander of Twentieth Army
Appointed Commander of Twentieth Army
Deputy Supreme Commander
Appointed Deputy Supreme Commander in Chief
Soviets Sign Atlantic Charter Principles
The Soviet government endorsed the principles of the Atlantic Charter, an important precursor to United Nations cooperation.
Stalin Endorses Allied Coalition
Stalin's government joined the anti Axis coalition after Germany invaded the Soviet Union.
Invasion of Russia
Spy Dr. Richard Sorge gave Stalin the exact German launch date
Political Support
Informed by Roosevelt of US support after the attack by Germany. Given a mixture of barter & credit through the Reconstruction Finance Corporation
Capture of Berlin
Commands the Russian forces which capture Berlin
Commander in Chief
Appointed Commander in Chief, Southwestern Front after the German invasion of Russia
Invasion of Russia
Has 69 Divisions to hold the Ukraine
Siege of Kiev
Overwhelmed by a double encirclement of his forces at Kiev
Battle of Moscow
Commands the Twentieth Army during the Battle of Moscow
Commander of Twentieth Army
Appointed Commander of Twentieth Army
Order of the Red Banner
Awarded the Order of the Red Banner after the Battle of Moscow
GKO
Founds the State Defence Committee to run the war
Deputy Supreme Commander
Appointed Deputy Supreme Commander in Chief
Comintern
The Anti-Comintern Pact is renewed with 11 additional countries as signatories. At the start of World War II, the Comintern supported a policy of non-intervention, arguing that the war was an imperialist war between various national ruling classes, much like World War I had been
Invasion of Russia
Spy Dr. Richard Sorge gave Stalin the exact German launch date
Siege of Odessa
Given the task of defending Odessa but is defeated & forced to withdraw to the Crimea
Siege of Moscow
Helps organize the defence of Moscow
Southwestern Front Political Council
Serves on the military council of the Southwestern Front during the German invasion.
Red Army Political Service
Enters full-time Red Army political work after Germany invades the Soviet Union.
AMWU
Helps found the African Mine Workers Union
Legal Clerkship
Begins work as a clerk in a Johannesburg law firm.
Witkin Sidelsky and Eidelman
Starts practical exposure to the South African legal profession.
First Johannesburg Employment
Gains his first employment after arriving in Johannesburg.
Mine Security Employment
Works briefly as a mine security officer.
Escapes Arranged Marriage
Begins a new life in Johannesburg.
Moves to Johannesburg
Leaves the Transkei to avoid an arranged marriage.
Afrikaner Party
Helps found the Afrikaner Party
Field Marshal
Appointed Field Marshal of the British Army, the 1st South African to hold that rank
Field Marshal
Appointed Field Marshal of the British Army, the 1st South African to hold that rank
Regency
Appointed Member of Regency Council in the absence of King Ananda
Prime Minister of Thailand
Appointed Prime Minister of Thailand
Free Thai Movement
Appointed Leader of the Free Thai Movement during Thailands alliance with Japan
Free Thai Movement
Appointed Leader of the Free Thai Movement during Thailands alliance with Japan
Alliance Japan and Thailand to invade Singapore and the Dutch East Indies
Japan makes an alliance with Thailand to invade Singapore & the Dutch East Indies
Academy Award
Stars in, "Sergeant York" & wins an Academy Award for Best Actor
Sergeant York
Stars in, "Sergeant York" & wins an Academy Award for Best Actor
Citizen Kane
Citizen Kane, Orson Welles first film with RKO, in which he starred in the role of Charles Foster Kane, is often considered the greatest film ever made
The Outlaw
Writes & directs "The Outlaw", controversial for its sexually explicit content
Liar Robot Story
Asimov published Liar, exploring the consequences of a robot's attempts to avoid hurting human beings.
Nightfall Short Story
Asimov published Nightfall, a famous story about a civilization confronting an unfamiliar darkness.
Reason Robot Story
Asimov published Reason, a story investigating logic and belief through a robot's conduct.
Let Us Now Praise Famous Men
Publication of "Let Us Now Praise Famous Men"
Lend-Lease
Appointed Administrator of Lend-Lease
Assistant Secretary of State
Appointed Assistant Secretary of State
Direction of Rotation of Spiral Nebulae
Edwin Hubble and Nicholas U. Mayall publish a report on the direction of rotation of spiral nebulae, using observed spiral structure and kinematic evidence to investigate galaxy rotation.
Supernovae
Hubble publishes a substantial review of supernovae in Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, discussing these exceptionally luminous stellar explosions as phenomena observable in external galaxies.
Discovery of Plutonium
Co-discovers plutonium and demonstrates that the periodic table can be extended with additional transuranium elements.
Einstein-Pauli Non-Singular Field Result
With Wolfgang Pauli, proves a restrictive result on non-singular stationary solutions of the relativistic gravitational field equations with nonzero total mass.
Ground Controlled Approach
Develops radar landing systems for aircraft in poor visibility.
Army Infantry School
Appoinred Commandant of the United States Army Infantry School
Commander of US Army Forces in Far East
Appointed Commander of the US Army Forces in the Far East
Commander of US Pacific Fleet
Appointed Commander of the US Pacific Fleet
Brigadier General
Appointed Brigadier General
Lend-Lease
Appointed Head of Lend-Lease Administration
Observer-War Dept
Appointed Observer for the War Department
Brigadier General
Appointed Brigadier General
Special Naval Observer
Appointed Medcial Naval Observer
Commander of US Forces on Wake Island
Appointed Commander of US forces on Wake Island
Chief Infantry
Appointed Chief of Infantry, War Department
Commandant
Appoinred Commandant of the United States Army Infantry School
Commander of 6th Army
Appointed Commander the 6th Army in China. Appointed Commander the 5th Army in China
Commander of Southern Luzon Force
Appointed Commander of the Southern Luzon Force in the Philippines
Commander of US Army Forces in Far East
Appointed Commander of the US Army Forces in the Far East
Battle of Pearl Harbour
Commander of US Pacific Fleet during the Battle of Pearl Harbour
Commander of US Pacific Fleet
Appointed Commander of the US Pacific Fleet
Dismissal
Dimissed after the Battle of Pearl Harbour
International Sanctions
The US freezes all Japanese assets in the US. The US applies sanctions against Japan for closing the "Open Door" policy in Asia
Open Door
The US applies sanctions against Japan for closing the "Open Door" policy in Asia
Sanctions
The US applies sanctions against Japan for closing the "Open Door" policy in Asia
Withdrawal Negotiations at Washington
Relations break down when Roosevelt demands Japanese withdrawal from China & Indochina
Brigadier General
Appointed Brigadier General
Operation Torch
Commands the Western Task Force, only all-American force landing for Operation Torch
Lend-Lease
Appointed Head of Lend-Lease Administration
Discusses co-operation between the USA & Britain
Discusses co-operation between the USA & Britain
Observer-War Dept
Appointed Observer for the War Department
Sixth Army
Appointed Commander the 6th Army in China
Brigadier General
Appointed Brigadier General
Special Naval Observer
Appointed Medcial Naval Observer
Devises a code breaker for breaking Japanese diplomatic code
Devises a code breaker for breaking Japanese diplomatic code
Enigma Machine
Meets Denniston during follow-up Anglo-American cryptanalytic discussions that deepen Enigma cooperation.
Invention of Code Breaker
Devises a code breaker for breaking Japanese diplomatic code
Commander of US Forces on Wake Island
Appointed Commander of US forces on Wake Island
Commander of 6th Army
Appointed Commander the 6th Army in China. Appointed Commander the 5th Army in China
Commander of US Army Forces in Far East
Appointed Commander of the Southern Luzon Force in the Philippines
Declaration of Four Freedoms
The "Four Freedoms", a commitment to freedom of speech, worship, from want & from fear
Pac Bo Return
Returns near Pac Bo to help organize Viet Minh bases
Arrest of Ho Chi-Minh
Imprisoned by the Chinese for 1 year. Arrested crossing the border into China to recruit support for the Vietminh
Vietminh Army
Forms the Vietminh & leads the independence movement as head of the Vietminh
Reballion of Dragoljub Mihailovic
Leads the Chetniks against German occupation of Yugoslavia
Reballion of Rebels in Ravna Gora
Establishes a power base in the Ravna Gora mountains
Rule of Yugoslavia
Leads the Chetniks against German occupation of Yugoslavia
Black Lamb and Grey Falcon
West published Black Lamb and Grey Falcon, a sweeping literary study of Yugoslav history and society.
Graduation from Rostov University
Solzhenitsyn completed his university studies as the Soviet Union entered the war.
Arrival in New York
Arendt reached the United States and began building an intellectual career in exile.
Churchill Travels to Newfoundland Conference
Churchill sails across the Atlantic for secret talks with Franklin Roosevelt about the war and the postwar international order.
Churchill Meets Roosevelt at Sea
Churchill meets Roosevelt aboard warships off Newfoundland during the conference that produces the Atlantic Charter.
Churchill Discusses American War Assistance
Churchill seeks continued American material and naval assistance while the United States remains formally neutral.
Churchill Debates Imperial Preferences
Churchill considers how proposals for freer trade might affect Britain's imperial economic preference system.
Churchill Reviews European War Aims
Churchill discusses principles for a postwar Europe liberated from Axis domination.
Churchill Supports Restored Sovereignty
Churchill agrees to a declaration expressing the restoration of sovereign rights to peoples forcibly deprived of them.
Churchill Backs Freedom of Seas
Churchill endorses the principle that nations should enjoy freedom to navigate the seas after the war.
Churchill Discusses Postwar Social Security
Churchill accepts international economic cooperation as an objective of the Anglo American declaration.
Churchill Addresses Territorial Ambitions
Churchill agrees that Britain and America seek no territorial aggrandisement as a result of the war.
Churchill Explains Charter to Parliament
Churchill later describes the shared Anglo American principles and their relevance to the continuing struggle against Axis powers.
Churchill Distinguishes Charter From Treaty
The Atlantic Charter expresses common aims rather than establishing a formal bilateral treaty of alliance.
Churchill Defends Wartime Imperial Interests
Churchill continues to distinguish British imperial responsibilities from broader interpretations of the charter's self government language.
Churchill Welcomes Allied Endorsement
Churchill welcomes other governments joining the statement of principles first issued with Roosevelt.
Eden Supports Inter Allied Declaration
Eden promotes cooperation with governments resisting Axis aggression as the Atlantic Charter principles gain wider support.
Eden Hosts Allied Diplomatic Consultations
British diplomacy helps bring together Allied representatives to discuss their adherence to the charter.
Eden Explains Allied Political Objectives
Eden connects the common declaration with the political aims of the anti Axis coalition.
Eden Advances European Liberation Principles
Eden supports restoration of national sovereignty to European countries occupied by Axis forces.
Eden Coordinates Charter Diplomacy
The Foreign Office under Eden handles diplomatic discussion of the charter with other Allied governments.
Pound Consults American Naval Chiefs
Pound participates in conversations on naval cooperation and Atlantic security during the Newfoundland meetings.
Pound Examines Atlantic Shipping Threat
British naval representatives discuss the protection of essential Atlantic supply routes against German submarines.
Pound Considers Combined Maritime Planning
Pound's delegation advances military coordination between British and American naval staffs.
Pound Reports British Naval Priorities
Pound represents Royal Navy concerns as political leaders consider a shared wartime outlook.
Dill Joins Atlantic Conference Delegation
Dill joins the British delegation as senior military representatives confer about the wider strategy against Axis forces.
Dill Consults American Army Planners
Dill discusses strategic cooperation with his American military counterparts during the Atlantic Conference.
Dill Considers European Strategic Priorities
Dill represents British Army perspectives in the military talks accompanying the leaders' political discussions.
Aitken Represents British Supply Needs
Aitken attends the conference as a British minister concerned with munitions and wartime material production.
Aitken Consults American Production Officials
Aitken's participation brings British supply concerns into the wider Anglo American discussions.
Aitken Reviews War Material Cooperation
Aitken assists efforts to coordinate the flow of crucial goods needed for Britain's war effort.
Maisky Represents Soviet Position in London
Maisky takes part in the diplomatic process through which the Soviet government responds to Atlantic Charter principles.
Maisky Joins Inter Allied Consultations
The Soviet ambassador represents Moscow among the Allied diplomats considering shared political war aims.
Maisky Promotes Cooperation Against Germany
Maisky supports the widening alignment of Allied governments fighting Nazi Germany.
Harriman Attends Newfoundland Discussions
Harriman participates as an American representative concerned with strengthening wartime cooperation with Britain.
Harriman Discusses Lend Lease Support
Harriman contributes to planning the material support Britain needs to sustain its war effort.
Harriman Links Supply and Strategy
Harriman's presence connects American industrial assistance with wider Atlantic military discussions.
Churchill Consults Cabinet on Charter Language
Churchill ensures that the proposed Anglo American declaration can be accepted by his government before publication.
Churchill Defines Common Anti Axis Aims
Churchill presents the declaration as a statement of shared aims in the struggle against Axis expansion.
Churchill Links Charter to Postwar Peace
Churchill frames Allied victory as a basis for establishing a more secure international settlement.