1948
1st Sound Barrier
1st to break the sound barrier
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Browse historical records dated to 1948. Records are rendered from the World History Database into this page's initial HTML.
1st to break the sound barrier
Ambulance provision forms part of the new public service.
Forms the 1st all Afrikaner Government, with a majority of 5
Leaves active Army leadership to take up the presidency of Columbia University.
Arrested for the assassination of Gandhi
Is assassinated by a member of the Muslim Brotherhood.
Assassinated by a Hindu journalist
Assassinates Gandhi
Asssasinates Gandhi in the garden of Birla house by shooting 3 times at him
Awarded by George VI marking the 600th anniversary of the Order of the Garter
Enters the Commons as one of the youngest MPs of the post-war Parliament.
The Princes godparents are King George VI, Queen Mary, Princess Margaret, the Dowager Marchioness of Milford Haven, David Bowes-Lyon, Lady Brabourne, King Haakon VII of Norway (for whom the Earl of Athlone stood proxy), and Prince George of Greece. Prince Charles baptised in the Music Room of Buckingham Palace by the Archbishop of Canterbury, Dr Geoffrey Fisher
First day of the Berlin Airlift
Attlee's government demands restoration of access to Berlin and rejects Soviet pressure on the Western sectors.
Western governments answer Soviet restrictions with economic countermeasures while refusing to abandon Berlin.
Churchill warns that the confrontation over Berlin poses a grave international danger comparable with earlier European crises.
Clay orders an early emergency air-supply operation to test whether Berlin can be sustained without unrestricted land access.
Soviet measures halt road and rail access and restrict power supplies while the Western airlift and counter-blockade expand.
Clay states that the United States will remain in Berlin despite Soviet pressure and access restrictions.
Demands that Russia lift its blockade of Berlin
The west announces a counter-blockade from west to east. Announces the British will not withdraw from Berlin
Makes a speech saying the crisis is potentially as serious as the Munich conference
Announces only a war can drive the US out of Berlin
General Clay orders a "baby airlift" into Berlin of enough supplies for 45 days
The west announces a counter-blockade from west to east. Russian power cuts in west Berlin & a halt of all railway traffic. Russia imposes a blockade on Berlin. Announces the blockade & imposes a total road & rail blockade in & out of Berlin
Gandhi is buried
Chunking surrenders to the Communists
La Cruz is captured by armed supporters of Calderon Guardia
La Cruz is captured by armed supporters of Calderon Guardia
300,000 Nationalist troops surrender & the Communists gain power over Manchuria
Mandalay is captured by the Kachin rebels
The Government recaptures Manadalay from the Kachin rebels
The Czechoslovak Communist Party is ordered to take power in Prague
Leads the National Liberation Party which captures San Jose
Shanghai surrenders to the Communists
Appoints Chen Cheng as Governor of Taiwan Province while preparing the island as an increasingly important Nationalist base.
Places Chiang Ching-kuo in charge of the Kuomintang organization in Taiwan Province as the party prepares for possible retreat from the mainland.
Lee entered Clark Elementary School on March 19, 1948, after leaving Clayton Public School during his mother's divorce proceedings.
Inaugurated as president of Columbia University.
Yugoslavia is expelled from the Cominform
Authorizes the Lander & provisional assemblies to open a constituent assembly
Attends the Congress of Europe at the Hague, Churchill becomes its central figure
The Communists assumed complete power in a coup
Groza's government adopts the first communist constitution.
Authorizes the Lander & provisional assemblies to open a constituent assembly
Forms the 1st all Afrikaner Government, with a majority of 5
The Government of the Republic of Korea is formally founded
The Communists assumed complete power in a coup
The Czechoslovak Communist Party is ordered to take power in Prague
Civil War breaks out when Picado attempts to annul the annual elections
Returns as Minister of National Defence for a long 2nd term
Kerensky develops his views through democratic opposition after 1917.
Proclaims the Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea.
Dental treatment becomes available through the NHS.
Castaneda Castro is overthrown by young military officers
Yugoslavia is expelled from the Cominform
Secures broad general practitioner participation before launch.
Offers concessions to secure medical profession participation.
Civil War breaks out when Picado attempts to annul the annual elections
Wins election to Parliament for the constituency of George.
Declares emergency martial-law measures as Communist military victories intensify the Nationalist government’s crisis.
The First Gottwald Government ends in Prague, concluding this term as Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia.
The Second Gottwald Government ends in Prague, concluding this term as Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia.
Marshall Plan assistance begins supporting European reconstruction and American export markets.
Executive councils begin managing family practitioner services.
Brings most family doctors into the health service.
Threatens to starve if the Government does not pay œ44 million owed to Pakistan
The Indian Government agrees to Gandhis demands & pays Pakistan œ44 million
Forms the first post-independence government of the Union of Burma
The government presents Pakistan's first federal budget.
Achieves the first controlled nuclear chain reaction on French territory.
Becomes Taoiseach of the state's first inter-party government.
Receives symbolic hospital keys at Park Hospital.
Becomes the first patient treated at the symbolic launch hospital.
Establishes services free at the point of delivery.
Leads work culminating in France's first nuclear reactor.
During Gandhi's fast, pressure increases on the Indian government to release Pakistan's agreed share of partition financial assets.
General practice enters the new service after difficult negotiations.
Launches a service mainly funded through general taxation.
Enters national politics as the National Party takes power.
The government replaces the failing fabi currency with the gold yuan in an unsuccessful effort to control wartime inflation.
His government ends in Helsinki, concluding this term as Prime Minister of Finland.
Khwaja Nazimuddin succeeds Jinnah as Governor-General.
Oversees regional hospital boards at launch.
Consultants join the NHS while retaining private practice rights.
free medical treatment for the entire population from the cradle to the grave. Bevan opens the NHS, 90% of doctors sign up
Hospitals transfer into the new national service.
Begins his first period of service in the House of Commons.
Burma becomes an independent republic
Britain surrenders its mandate over Palestine
Britain surrenders its mandate over Palestine
Britain surrenders its mandate over Palestine
Signs the Declaration of Independence
Burma becomes an independent republic
Chosen as Independence Day by Burmese Astrologers
The Government of the Republic of Korea is formally founded
Bollaert signs an accord with Van Xuan recognizing Vietnams independence
Patel oversees the political integration of Hyderabad into the Indian Union after Operation Polo.
Ex-President, Guardia, invades Costa Rica from Nicaragua with an army of 1,000
Ex-President, Guardia, invades Costa Rica from Nicaragua with an army of 1,000
The Arabs invade Israel on the day the British mandate ends
Promulgates legislation outlawing the Communist Party and removing many members from electoral rolls.
Local authorities begin new community health duties.
The London Recommendations call on German Laender premiers to convene a Constituent Assembly
Begins implementing the formal apartheid programme.
Maternity care is brought into the health service framework.
Mental hospitals transfer into the national hospital system.
The armed forces overthrew President Romulo Gallegos and installed a military junta.
By NHS Appointed Day, July 5, 1948, 90% of doctors had signed up for the new service. Bevan opens one of the world's first and most comprehensive health services to the British people
Ends doctors' professional independence and their right to buy or sell general practices. Charity hospitals and former poor law hospitals run by local authorities are nationalised.
Forms a National Party government after the general election.
Groza's government nationalises major industrial, banking, and transport enterprises.
The British Electricity Authority and regional boards assume control of the electricity supply industry.
Railways and long-distance road haulage transfer to the British Transport Commission.
The National Health Service begins across Britain.
The new service is financed mainly from taxation.
Presides over the government that launches the NHS.
Bevan opens the NHS at Park Hospital, Manchester; about 90 percent of doctors have signed up.
Launches the NHS at Park Hospital near Manchester.
Explains the new service to households before Appointed Day.
Marks the opening of the health service at Park Hospital.
Launches a service universal and free at the point of use.
Launches the Scottish NHS arrangements on the same appointed day.
Completes the manuscript of Nineteen Eighty-Four.
Signs the Treaty establishing the NATO alliance
Signs the Treaty establishing the NATO alliance
The North Atlantic Treaty is signed
The North Atlantic Treaty is signed
Signs the Treaty establishing the NATO alliance
The US Senate ratifies the NATO Treaty after 2 weeks of debate
The US Senate ratifies the NATO Treaty after 2 weeks of debate
Signs the Treaty establishing the NATO alliance
Announces the British will not withdraw from Berlin
The US National Security Council issues the 9-Point Program
K. S. Thimayya directs the armoured operation that breaks through at Zoji La and restores the route toward Ladakh.
Optical treatment becomes available through the NHS.
Commits Egyptian forces to the war following the end of the British Mandate in Palestine.
Receives Bevan during the Park Hospital launch ceremony.
Nationalist forces suffer mounting pressure in the Pingjin Campaign as Communist armies isolate major cities across northern China.
A 3rd assassination attempt is made on Gandhis life
Nearly assassinates Gandhi
Charity hospitals and former poor law hospitals run by local authorities are nationalised
Former poor law hospitals become part of the NHS.
Advised the west is going to transform Germany into a "military-political bloc". Accuses the west of breaking the Potsdam Agreement & the London Conference is invalid
Prescriptions are supplied free under the new service.
Appointed President of Ecuador
Appointed President of Ecuador
Appointed President of Italy
Appointed President of Italy
Appointed President of Panama
Takes office during a turbulent Colorado Party period.
Appointed President of South Korea
Appointed President of the Republic of Korea
Begins a one-year term as President of the Swiss Confederation.
Appointed President of the USA, 33rd President, 2nd term
Appointed President of the Military Junta of Venezuela after the overthrow of Romulo Gallegos
Appointed President of Venezuela
Sao Shwe Thaik becomes first President of independent Burma
The National Assembly elects Chiang Kai-shek as the first President under the new Constitution.
Takes office as the first constitutional President of the Republic of China.
Takes office as Prime Minister of Finland and forms a government in Helsinki.
Becomes prime minister after Mackenzie King retires.
1st day of the War of Independence
Appointed Prime Minister of Japan
Appointed Prime Minister of Japan, 2nd term
Appointed Prime Minister of South Africa
Appointed Prime Minister of Turkey, 2nd term
U Nu becomes first Prime Minister of independent Burma
Promoted to General and becomes the first full general of the Vietnam People's Army
Promotes the new service before launch day.
Lenigrad is purged
Rama Raghoba Rane clears mines and roadblocks under fire, enabling Indian armour to advance toward Rajauri.
The White Flag Communists begin their rebellion
The White Flag Communists begin their rebellion. The White Flag Communists begin a revolt
Mandalay is captured by Kachin rebels. Kachin rebels capture Manadalay
Mandalay is captured by Kachin rebels. Kachin rebels capture Manadalay
The Government recaptures Manadalay from the Kachin rebels
The White Flag Communists begin a revolt
The Imperial Rescript on Education is annuled by the Diet
Surrenders the title Emperor of India
Regional hospital boards begin administering hospital services.
The Indian government agrees to release Pakistan's outstanding share of partition financial assets during Gandhi's fast.
Costello's administration secures enactment of the Republic of Ireland Act, ending the Crown's remaining statutory external role.
Benes resigns as President and Gottwald succeeds him as President
Picado resigns & the regular army is disbanded
Resigns after the budget is rejected by the head of the budget committee in the Diet
Oscar Osorio becomes a leading figure in the Revolutionary Council of Government
The western powers & the US are committed to the defense of Germany & Berlin
Advised the west is going to transform Germany into a "military-political bloc"
Surrenders the title Emperor of India
Russia halts 2 US & British trains after theiy refuse access to Russian inspectors
The Nationalist 7th & Second Army Groups are defeated along the Lung-Hai railway
Begins the Second Gottwald Government in Prague and serves as Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia.
The west anounces a counter-blockade from west to east. Russia blockades Berlin, the US says that it will stay in Berlin
Communist forces reoccupy Yan’an after Nationalist troops withdraw from the area.
Wins the Southwark Central by-election and enters the House of Commons.
Jinnah inaugurates the State Bank of Pakistan.
Death of Johannes Blaskowitz, commits suicide. Commits suicide after being indicted as a war criminal before being brought to trial
Becomes first head of state under the new constitution.
Teaching hospitals receive special boards of governors.
Promulgates the Temporary Provisions Effective During the Period of Communist Rebellion, expanding emergency presidential powers during the civil war.
The Treaty of Brussels, signed on 17 March 1948 by Belgium, The Netherlands, Luxembourg, France, and the United Kingdom, is considered the precursor to the NATO agreement
The policies resulting from the Treaty of Friendship are reversed after the Tito¿Stalin split when Bulgaria, being subordinated to the interests of the Soviet Union, took a stance against Yugoslavia
When the Cominform campaign against Yugoslavia severed the Yugoslav Communist party leadership, the government of the People's Republic of Bulgaria deleted the Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and Mutual Assistance of Bled with all agreements, except the decision of pardon of war damages
The policies resulting from the Treaty of Friendship are reversed after the Tito¿Stalin split when Bulgaria, being subordinated to the interests of the Soviet Union, took a stance against Yugoslavia
Signs the Treaty establishing the NATO alliance
Present at the signing ceremony
The North Atlantic Treaty is signed
Describes the Treaty as a "sheild against agression & the fear of agression"
Commits suicide after being indicted as a war criminal before being brought to trial
Opening of Godses trial for the assasination of Gandhi
Sentenced to death for war crimes
Tuberculosis services are absorbed into the new health system.
Visits Japan at the invitation of General Douglas MacArthur
Elizabeth & Philip make their 1st official tour, a royal state visit to France
Elizabeth & Philip make their 1st official tour, a royal state visit to France
Voluntary hospitals transfer into the national hospital service.
K. M. Cariappa commands the Western Army during major operations in Jammu and Kashmir before the 1949 ceasefire.
The Treaty of Brussels and the Soviet Berlin Blockade led to the creation of the Western European Union's Defence Organization in September 1948
The western powers & the US are committed to the defense of Germany & Berlin
Begins the Zapotocky Government in Prague and serves as Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia.
Helps bring Frances first experimental nuclear reactor to criticality.
Birth of Alice Cooper, Vincent Furnier
Birth of Anthony Frank Iommi, later guitarist and sole continuous member of Black Sabbath.
Birth of Charles, Elizabeth Is 1st son & heir
Birth of Charles, Elizabeth's 1st son & heir
Birth of Christopher Russell Edward Squire, later Yes bassist and founding member.
Birth of Glenn Frey, later founding guitarist, vocalist and songwriter with Eagles.
Birth of John Bonham
Birth of John Bonham, later Led Zeppelin's drummer.
Birth of John Michael Osbourne, later singer with Black Sabbath and a major solo artist.
Birth of later Who drummer Kenney Jones.
Birth of Luiz Felipe Scolari
Birth of Olivia Trinidad Arias
Birth of Patrick Moraz, later Yes keyboard player during the Relayer period.
Birth of Robert Anthony Plant
Birth of Robert Plant, later Led Zeppelin's singer and lyricist.
Birth of Steve Winwood.
Birth of William Thomas Ward, later drummer and founding member of Black Sabbath.
Death of Eduard Benes.
Death of Jan Garrigue Masaryk
Dies by suicide or murder, then a communist putsch leads to Soviet power in Czech
Death of Johannes Blaskowitz, commits suicide
Spends many months at his official retreat in Ziarat, but dies from a combination of tuberculosis and lung cancer
Spends many months at his official retreat in Ziarat, but dies from a combination of tuberculosis and lung cancer
Death of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, assassinated by a Hindu journalist
Muhammad Ali Jinnah dies after thirteen months as Governor-General.
Death of Orville Wright
The Huaihai Campaign begins; catastrophic Nationalist defeats during the campaign destroy major armies and accelerate the collapse of Chiang’s mainland position.
The Nationalist 7th & Second Army Groups are defeated along the Lung-Hai railway
Jadunath Singh leads the defence of a forward post at Naushera and is killed after repelling repeated assaults.
Karam Singh holds a forward position at Tithwal under repeated attacks and later receives the Param Vir Chakra.
Provenance
These entries are read from the World History Database date API and written into static HTML. Dates, names and descriptions are reviewed and normalised as the database develops.
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