1953 in History

The first Playboy magazine is published, Marilyn Monroe is on the cover

Formal accession to the throne

Libya joins the Arab League and expands its regional diplomatic role.

Paz Estenssoro decrees agrarian reform to redistribute hacienda lands.

The system imposes racially segregated schooling under apartheid.

An armistice is agreed, south Koreas independence is secured

Beria is arrested for being an agent

Arrested by Khruschev for allegedly planning a coup

Has Beria arrested for allegedly staging a coup

Supports the leadership coalition that arrests Lavrenti Beria and removes him from the post-Stalin power struggle.

9 Russian & 6 Jewish doctors confess to the murder of Andrei Zhdanov

Proposes international peaceful use of uranium and atomic energy.

President Dwight D Eisenhower envisioned the creation of this international body to control and develop the use of atomic energy, in his "Atoms for Peace" speech before the United Nations General Assembly

President Dwight D Eisenhower envisioned the creation of this international body to control and develop the use of atomic energy, in his "Atoms for Peace" speech before the United Nations General Assembly

Promotes legislation transferring African education to state control.

Takes part in the failed Moncada and Bayamo barracks attacks.

Takes part in the failed Moncada and Bayamo barracks attacks.

Begins talks with British and French leaders at Bermuda, including discussion of atomic information and Western strategy.

The court continued Lee's parole and directed his probation officer to contact the Big Brothers counseling service for possible assistance.

Bogra proposes a constitutional formula balancing representation between Pakistan's two wings.

Selected to give the first party political broadcast on television

Reduces the standard rate of tax to 9 shillings in the pound. Due to a trade surplus 6d is taken off the standard rate of income tax

Funeral of Joseph Stalin

Supports removal of officials associated with Beria as the new leadership restructures the security apparatus.

Hussein I declares East Jerusalem the alternative capital of Hashemite Jordan

Appointed Chairman of the Council of Minister's of Azerbaijan

Appointed Chairman of the Cabinet, due to the ill health of Churchill & Eden

Appointed Chairman of the Council of Minister's

Delivers the Chance for Peace address, calling for reduced international tensions and warning about the economic burden of armaments.

Appointed Chancellor

Appointed Chancellor of Austria

The ECSC common market for coal opened while Monnet chaired the High Authority.

Embarks on a tour of the Commonwealth with Prince Philip

Denmark adopts a new constitution

A new constitution renamed the country the Republic of Venezuela and formalized the presidential government.

The Nairobi Central Committee had reconstituted its senior ranks and renamed itself the Council of Freedom

Arrested by Khruschev for allegedly planning a coup

Has Beria arrested for allegedly staging a coup

The Shah fails to have Mossadeq arrested & is forced to leave to country for Italy

Ousted in a coup organized by British & US intelligence

Mossadeq surrenders to General Zahedi

Justice McClancy released Lee on parole until September 24 and requested referral to the Community Service Society for treatment.

Creates Banco del Estado de Chile by merging several public financial institutions.

Currency reform causes public anger and protests.

Charlton plays in the Leeds senior team for the first time

Demonstrators march on the East German Government

Russia sends in troops & tanks to quell demonstrations in east German cities

Demonstrations breakout in Pilsen

Statues of Mohammad Reza & Reza Shah are pulled down after Mossadeqs dismissal

The Department of Health, Education and Welfare is created during Eisenhower's first months in office.

Plans major operations against the French base at Dien Bien Phu

Diplomatic relations with Iran are restored

Dismissed after the arrest of his protector, Beria

Mossadeq is dimissed by the Shah in accordane with Anglo-US wishes

Dismissed by the Shah

Governor-General Ghulam Muhammad dismisses Prime Minister Nazimuddin.

A majority of those voting vote for the dissolution of the Majlis,

The Revolutionary Command Council dissolves existing political parties and begins creating a new political system.

Announces a large-scale American food-relief programme for East Germans following the June uprising.

The National Party majority in the House of Assembly increases from 13 to 29. The National Party increases its seats in the House of Assembly from 86 to 94. The election is dominated by the political rights of Coloureds

All the seats are won by the National Unity Party

Embarks on a tour of the Commonwealth with Prince Philip

The Eriksen Government ends in Copenhagen, concluding this term as Prime Minister of Denmark.

The Steingrimur Steinthorsson Government ends, concluding this term as Prime Minister of Iceland.

The United States ends its policy of neutralizing the Taiwan Strait, allowing Chiang’s forces greater freedom of action against the mainland.

The Zapotocky Government ends in Prague, concluding this term as Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia.

Executed for being an agent. Executed for attempting to succeed Stalin

Has Beria executed

Beria is executed after being removed from power and tried by the Soviet leadership.

Issues Executive Order 10450 establishing a government-wide security program for federal employment.

Monroe continued to attract attention with her revealing outfits in publicity events, most famously at the Photoplay awards in January 1953, where she won the "Fastest Rising Star" award

Cabinet members begin taking office on the day after Eisenhower's inauguration.

Appointed First Secretary of the CPSU

Appointed First Secretary of the Communist Party

Is elected First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.

Begins the First Siroky Government in Prague and serves as Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia.

The Executive Yuan announces the first Four-Year Economic Development Plan, beginning a sustained program of state-directed economic development.

Begins the Fourth Olafur Thors Government and serves as Prime Minister of Iceland.

Appointed General Secretary of the United Nations

Inaugurated President of the USA, 34th

Meets Churchill & Laniel, the French PM

Appointed Chairman of the President's committee on Government Contracts

His government ends in Helsinki, concluding this term as Prime Minister of Finland.

His government ends in Helsinki, concluding this term as Prime Minister of Finland.

Psychiatrist Renatus Hartogs recommended probation, child-guidance treatment for Lee, and family-agency assistance rather than immediate institutional placement.

Suffers from a stroke, doctors are frightened to treat him

Suffers a stroke & for a few days his life is in the balance. Spends the next 3 months in convalescence

Delivers his defence speech after the Moncada attack.

Truman announces that the US had developed the nuclear hydrogen bomb

Due to a trade surplus 6d is taken off the standard rate of income tax

Frances concedes Kampucheas independence

The Nairobi Central Committee had reconstituted its senior ranks and renamed itself the Council of Freedom

Laos obtains full independence from France while retaining association with the French Union

An armistice is agreed, south Koreas independence is secured

An armistice is agreed, south Koreas independence is secured

President Dwight D Eisenhower envisioned the creation of this international body to control and develop the use of atomic energy, in his "Atoms for Peace" speech before the United Nations General Assembly

Helps Russia test its own Hydrogen bomb

The Nairobi Central Committee had reconstituted its senior ranks and renamed itself the Council of Freedom

Churchill is knighted

Signs the Korean Armistice Agreement for North Korea.

Chairs the Labour Party conference at Margate and urges delegates to conduct political disagreement without rancour.

Implements land reform limiting large estates and redistributing agricultural land.

Promulgates the Land-to-the-Tiller Act, transferring farmland from large landowners to tenant farmers under compensated reform.

Helps found the Liberal Party, in protest at the colour policy of the United Party. Calls for an end to all racial discrimination

Helps found the Liberal Party, in protest at the colour policy of the United Party. Calls for an end to all racial discrimination

Marries Raisa Titorenko, a philosophy student at Moscow University

Marries Jacqueline Bouvier

Marries Mikhail Gorbachev, then a student at Moscow University

Receives promotion to lieutenant general while serving in senior military political administration.

Castro leads the failed attack on the Moncada Barracks, after which he is captured, tried, incarcerated and later released

Is tried and sentenced after the failed Moncada attack.

A member of the 26th of July Movement that attacked the Moncada Barracks, and he spent 22 months in prison as a result of this action

Participates in the failed Moncada attack.

Takes part in the Moncada movement and later preserves Castro's speech.

Serves as second-in-command during the Moncada attack.

Supports the Moncada action and survives imprisonment.

Plans attacks on Moncada and Bayamo barracks.

His forces repress surviving rebels after the Moncada attack.

Is transferred to senior political administration in the Soviet Navy after Stalin's death.

Approves the NSC 162/2 framework associated with the New Look strategy, emphasizing deterrence and a strong nuclear posture.

Truman announces that the US had developed the hydrogen bomb

Supports CIA-backed plans to overthrow Iranian prime minister Mohammad Mossadegh.

Supports CIA-backed plans to overthrow Iranian prime minister Mohammad Mossadegh.

Large-scale exchange of prisoners begins after the Korean armistice under Operation Big Switch.

Becomes a secretary of the Communist Party Secretariat following Stalin's death.

The ceasfire agreement is signed

Stalins anti-Semitism becomes official state policy

9 Russian & 6 Jewish doctors confess to the murder of Andrei Zhdanov

Dismisses the "doctors plot" as "provocation & fake"

Expelled Army officers fail to assassinate Mossadeq

Stalin arrests & charges 9 Kremlin doctors for plotting to kill Russian leaders. Outbreak of the Doctors Plot

28 doctors & their wives are arrested

9 Russian & 6 Jewish doctors confess to the murder of Andrei Zhdanov

Supports CIA-backed plans to overthrow Iranian prime minister Mohammad Mossadegh.

Ends his 1952 to 1953 prime ministerial term

Appointed President of the National Council

Becomes the first President when the monarchy is abolished and a republic proclaimed.

Begins a one-year term as President of the Swiss Confederation.

Is imprisoned after the Moncada trial.

Takes office as Prime Minister of Finland and forms a government in Helsinki.

Takes office as Prime Minister of Finland and forms a government in Helsinki.

Mohammad Daoud Khan becomes prime minister and begins a decade of centralized government.

Appointed Prime Minister of Japan, 5th term

Muhammad Ali Bogra becomes Prime Minister.

Appointed Prime Minister of Portugal

Appointed Prime Minister of Russia

The Bill for the denationalization of steel is given the Royal Assent

By January 16, 1953, Oswald had attended only a small fraction of his scheduled days at Public School 117 and had failing grades in most subjects.

Lee entered eighth grade at Public School 44 on September 14, 1953, while still under juvenile-court supervision.

Lee registered at Public School 44 on March 23, 1953, after court proceedings increased pressure for him to resume attendance.

Contributes to the design tested as the Soviet Union's first thermonuclear device.

Makes his competitive debut against Racing Santander and scores in a league victory.

Makes his first appearance for Real Madrid in a friendly against Nancy and scores.

A majority of those voting vote for the dissolution of the Majlis,

The Housing Repairs & Rents Bill passes 2nd reading, allows rent increases for repairs

Proclaims the Egyptian republic, changing the state framework for canal sovereignty negotiations.

Resigns as 1st Secretary

Last game for England was the 6-3 defeat by Hungary, in which he scores a penalty

The Israeli Foreign Ministry transfers its offices from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem

Hussein I declares East Jerusalem the alternative capital of Hashemite Jordan

Kerensky records his position on russian democracy campaign in exile.

Begins the Second Hedtoft Premiership in Copenhagen and serves as Prime Minister of Denmark.

Appointed Secretary of the Party Secretariat, 1 of 5

Appointed Minister of Defence, 2nd term

Appointed Secretry of State

Ends the Truman-era neutralization of the Taiwan Strait by the U.S. Seventh Fleet.

Signs the Small Business Act, creating the United States Small Business Administration.

Appointed Member of Soviet Academy of Sciences

The achievement marks soviet thermonuclear device as an important Russian scientific milestone.

The ECSC common market for steel opened, extending practical economic integration under Monnet's High Authority.

Strikes breakout in Romania. Strikes breakout in Hungary

Strikes breakout at the Vorkuta labour camps in Siberia

Formal accession to the throne

Becomes crown prince following King Saud's accession.

Succeeds King Abdulaziz as the second king of Saudi Arabia.

Directs The Blue Gardenia.

The first Playboy magazine is published, Marilyn Monroe is on the cover

Directs Die Geschichte vom kleinen Muck for DEFA.

Tried for being a British agent, undermines relations between Russian nationalities

Delivers his History Will Absolve Me defence speech at trial.

Found guilty of organizing a terrorist campaign to drive out white settlers from Kenya

The court sentences Kenyatta to seven years of hard labor, sent into exile on probation in Lodwar, a remote part of Kenya

Sentenced to 3 yrs imprisonment & placed under house arrest for the rest of his life. Publicizes details of 2 coups against his Government

A school attendance officer filed a court petition on March 12, 1953, alleging that Oswald had been excessively absent from school.

The US Senate rejects China PR membership to UN

The US Senate rejects China PR membership to UN

The United States Information Agency begins operations as the administration consolidates overseas information programs.

Giap directs Viet Minh forces into northern Laos

Inaugurated Vice President of USA, only 40 the 2nd youngest in American history

Liston makes his professional debut knocking out Don Smith in the first round in St. Louis

Liston makes his professional debut knocking out Don Smith in the first round in St. Louis

Directs wider Viet Minh operations supporting Pathet Lao advances in northern Laos

Visited by President Tito

44th pro boxing victoryt, knocking out former champ, Jersey Joe Walcott, at Chicago Stadium in two minutes

Attends the opening of Xiluo Bridge, a major infrastructure project completed with substantial American assistance.

While remanded to Youth House, Lee underwent psychological tests and interviews with a social worker, probation officer, and psychiatric staff.

A New York judge declared Oswald a truant on April 16, 1953, and remanded him to Youth House for psychiatric study.

Birth of Anthony Blair, son of a barrister & university lecturer

The eldest of Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto

Birh of Pierce Brendan Brosnan

Death of Edwin Powell Hubble

Death of Mary

Death of Joseph Stalin

Death of Joseph Stalin

Executed for attempting to succeed Stalin. Death of Lavrenti Pavlovich Beria

Death of Joseph Stalin, Churchill is the last survivor of the war time triumvirate

Enters the collective leadership struggle that follows Joseph Stalin's death.

Comments on Stalin’s death and Soviet uncertainty.

Crowned in Westminster Abbey

Given the crown, sceptre & sword, bestowing upon her the right to rule Scotland