Peace Effort After Batista Flight
After Batista leaves Cuba, Cantillo assumes command of the armed forces and tells the United States ambassador that he intends to seek peace with Castro's movement.
Historical events in 1959
494 historical records
January 195945 historical events
Revolutionary General Strike
After Batista leaves Cuba, Castro calls for a general strike while the 26th of July Movement demands the army's unconditional surrender and a revolutionary transfer of power.
Revolutionary Victory
Castro's forces enter Havana after Batista flees Cuba.
Capture of Santiago
Santiago de Cuba surrenders as Batista's regime collapses.
Flight from Cuba
Flees Cuba as the revolution succeeds.
Revolutionary Victory
Overthrown by Fidel Castro
Capture of Santiago
Takes control of Santiago after Batista flees.
Capture of Santiago
Surrenders Santiago without a major fight.
Capture of Santiago
Santiago de Cuba surrenders as Batista's regime collapses.
Launch
1st unmanned space probe is launched, Luna I
Entry into Havana
Enters Havana as Batista's army collapses.
Victory Caravan
Begins the victory caravan from Santiago toward Havana.
First Escape-Velocity Probe
The achievement marks first escape-velocity probe as an important Russian scientific milestone.
Luna 1 Launch
Directs Luna 1, the first spacecraft to escape Earth's gravitational influence.
Luna 1 Mission
The Soviet Union launches Luna 1, the first spacecraft to escape Earth's gravity.
Provisional Government
Becomes provisional president after Batista's fall.
Luna 1 Solar Wind Detection
Uses ion traps aboard Luna 1 to obtain the first direct spacecraft evidence of a continuous stream of charged particles flowing outward from the Sun.
Banned ABAKO Rally
Authorities ban an ABAKO meeting, contributing to riots and accelerating Belgian decolonisation plans.
Prime Minister
Serves briefly as prime minister after the revolution.
Revolutionary Victory
Castro arrives in Havana to cheering mobs and assumes the post of Commander in Chief of the Armed Forces
Arrival in Havana
Arrives in Havana after the revolutionary victory.
Commander in Chief
Assumes command of the revolutionary armed forces.
Rawhide Premiere
Debuts on American television as Rowdy Yates when Rawhide begins its CBS run.
Rawhide
Receives his major break as Rowdy Yates in the CBS western television series Rawhide.
Government
Alaska becomes the 49th state of the Union
Prime Minister of Great Britain
Appointed Prime Minister of Great Britain, 2nd term
Government Ends
His government ends in Helsinki, concluding this term as Prime Minister of Finland.
Prime Minister
Takes office as Prime Minister of Finland and forms a government in Helsinki.
SNAP-3 Nuclear Power Demonstration
McCone joined AEC officials in demonstrating the SNAP-3 radioisotope power technology to President Eisenhower at the White House.
Defense Portfolio Relinquished
Another cabinet adjustment ended al-Rifai’s tenure as defense minister while he continued as prime minister and foreign minister. The reshuffle changed his official responsibilities in the closing months of the fifth government.
Social Ideals of the Rebel Army Speech
Guevara delivers a speech on the social aims and responsibilities of the Rebel Army.
Geneva Test Ban Verification
McCone explained AEC concerns that proposed improvements in detecting underground nuclear tests remained theoretical and required experimental validation.
Chairman of the Cabinet Committee
Appointed Chairman of the Cabinet Committee on price stability for economic growth
Final Santa Clara Garrison Surrenders
The last major government position in Santa Clara gives way as Batista's regime collapses.
Havana Victory Parade
Matos takes part in the revolutionary victory procession into Havana alongside Castro and other rebel commanders after Batista's departure.
Camaguey Command
Commands rebel forces in Camaguey after victory.
Revolutionary Army
Becomes a senior commander in the revolutionary army.
Revolutionary Government
Becomes a close organiser within Castro's revolutionary circle.
Revolutionary Government
Continues revolutionary work after Batista's overthrow.
Immediate Independence Demand
Uses the political crisis after the Leopoldville riots to press Belgium for rapid Congolese independence.
Military Caretaker Rule
Leads a military-backed caretaker government under constitutional arrangements
Twenty-First Party Congress
Uses the Twenty-First Party Congress to launch the Seven-Year Plan and proclaim progress toward communism.
26th of July Movement
Biographical accounts state that after Castro's January 1959 victory, Sturgis held security and intelligence-related responsibilities before later breaking with the new government.
Post-Revolution Cuban Role
After Castro's victory, Sturgis held security-related responsibilities in Cuba before his political break with the new government.
Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)
CIA-related assassination records become part of later investigations.
February 195920 historical events
Death of Ritchie Valens
Buddy Holly, Ritchie Valens, and the Big Bopper (J.P. Richardson) are killed when a plane Buddy Holly had chartered from Mason City, Iowa, to Fargo, North Dakota crashes in a corn field
El Pedrero Speech
Guevara addresses residents at El Pedrero and links the revolution's victory to social change in rural Cuba.
Cuban Citizenship Granted
The revolutionary government grants Guevara Cuban citizenship in recognition of his role in the armed struggle.
President of Venezuela
Appointed President of Venezuela
Inauguration
Miro unexpectedly resigns & Castro is sworn in as Prime Minister of Cuba
Prime Minister of Cuba
Miro unexpectedly resigns & Castro is sworn in as Prime Minister of Cuba
Resignation of Miro
Miro unexpectedly resigns & Castro is sworn in as Prime Minister of Cuba
Prime Minister
Becomes prime minister of the new revolutionary government.
Birth of John McEnroe
Birth of John McEnroe
Air Crash
Menderes survives an air crash
Independence of Cyprus
Turkey & Greece accept plans for the basis of an independent Cyprus. The basis for Cyprus independence is agreed, Britain can keep its sovereign bases
Independence of Great Britain
Turkey & Greece accept plans for the basis of an independent Cyprus. The basis for Cyprus independence is agreed, Britain can keep its sovereign bases
Visit to London
Visits Khruschev to "have an exploratory exchange of views on world problems"
Russian Language Test
Oswald took a Marine foreign-language qualification test in Russian on February 25, 1959, and received poor ratings in all tested areas.
Parliamentary Reform
al-Fayez participates in parliamentary reform connected with Jordanian political and historical developments.
Agreement on Buy oil from the USSR
Cuba signs an agreement to buy oil from the USSR
Economy of Cuba
US refineries in Cuba refuse to process Cuban oil, they are expropriated, & the US breaks off diplomatic relations with the Castro Government. Cuba signs an agreement to buy oil from the USSR
Nationalization
US refineries in Cuba refuse to process Cuban oil, they are expropriated, & the US breaks off diplomatic relations with the Castro Government
Death of Daniel Francois Malan
Death of Daniel Francois Malan
Death of Daniel Francois Malan
Death of Daniel Francois Malan
March 19599 historical events
Exile of Mikhail Khristodolou Mouskos Makarios
Makarios ends his exile & returns to Cyprus
Private First Class Rank Restored
Lee was promoted again to private first class effective March 1, 1959, after having previously been reduced in rank.
Birth of Chris Fairbank
Birth of Chris Fairbank
Hawaii Admission Act Signed
Signs the act providing for Hawaii's admission as a state.
Albert Schweitzer College Application
Lee applied to Albert Schweitzer College in Switzerland for the spring 1960 term, listing philosophy, psychology, ideology, and writing among his interests.
Suppression of Lhasa Uprising
Chinese forces suppress the Lhasa uprising as the Dalai Lama escapes toward India.
Marine GED Testing
Marine educational testing gave Lee an overall satisfactory rating, with his strongest scores in English composition and physical sciences.
Release from Belgian Detention
Belgian authorities release Kasa-Vubu after detaining him following the January disturbances.
Dalai Lama Granted Asylum
India grants asylum to the Dalai Lama after he flees Tibet following the uprising in Lhasa.
April 195916 historical events
Underground Test Detection Concerns
McCone raised concerns about verifying underground nuclear explosions and supported further experiments to improve detection methods before relying on a comprehensive test ban.
Project Mercury Astronaut Selection
NASA presents Shepard as one of the seven pilots selected for Project Mercury, America's first human spaceflight programme.
Project Mercury Astronaut Selection
NASA names Slayton among the seven original astronauts selected for Project Mercury.
Project Mercury Astronaut Selection
NASA introduces Cooper as one of the original seven astronauts selected for Project Mercury flight training.
Project Mercury Astronaut Selection
NASA introduces Carpenter as one of the seven military test pilots selected for Project Mercury.
Project Mercury Astronaut Selection
NASA presents Grissom as one of the original seven astronauts chosen to train for Project Mercury missions.
Marriage
Marries Michiko Shoda
Arrest of Jomo Kenyatta
Completes his sentence for the Mau Mau risings
Birth of Emma Thompson
Birth of Emma Thompson
Health of John Foster Dulles
Resigns due to ill health, evidence of bone metastasis after developing colon cancer
Resignation of John Foster Dulles
Resigns due to ill health, evidence of bone metastasis after developing colon cancer
Saint Lawrence Seaway Opens
The Saint Lawrence Seaway opens to navigation, completing a major United States-Canadian infrastructure project backed by Eisenhower.
Execution
Summary executions of suspected Batista collaborators and members of the opposition through the "paredones" take place after show trials
Meeting with With the Cuban leader
Castro flies to Washington DC but was not met by President Eisenhower, who decides to attend a golf tournament rather than meet with the Cuban leader
Budget
Cuts income tax, purchase tax & the price of beer & restores investment allowances
Income Tax
Cuts income tax, purchase tax & the price of beer & restores investment allowances
May 195926 historical events
Deputy Labour Leader
Is elected Deputy Leader of the Labour Party.
Silver Beatles
The Silver Beetles fail an audition to back Billy Fury & are chosen to back Johny Gentle on a Scottish tour
Silver Beatles
The Silver Beetles fail an audition to back Billy Fury & are chosen to back Johny Gentle on a Scottish tour
End of Longest Premiership
Al-Rifai’s fifth government concluded after nearly one year in office. During this administration Jordan had entered the short-lived Arab Federation with Iraq, before the upheavals of July 1958 altered the regional political order.
Iceland gunboats shoot at British fishing ships
Iceland gunboats shoot at British fishing ships
Conference of Geneva
The conference place at MacMillans instigation. Attended by the Foreign Minister's of Britain, Russia, America & France
Debut
Makes his international debut, against Brazil in front of over 120,000 fans at the Est dio do Maracana
Nationalization
Signs the First Agrarian Reform Law limiting large estates and expropriating land
Agrarian Reform Law
Castro signs the First Agrarian Reform Law, which expropriates over 1,000 acres of farmlands & forbids foreign land ownership
Legislation
Castro signs the First Agrarian Reform Law, which expropriates over 1,000 acres of farmlands & forbids foreign land ownership
Nationalization
Castro signs the First Agrarian Reform Law, which expropriates over 1,000 acres of farmlands & forbids foreign land ownership
Reform of Land Ownership
Castro signs the First Agrarian Reform Law, which expropriates over 1,000 acres of farmlands & forbids foreign land ownership
Debut
Greaves wins his first England cap against Peru, scoring Englands only goal in a 4-1 defeat. Goes on to play 57 times and score 44 goals for England, five fewer than Bobby Charlton but at a much higher rate, remains third in the all-time list of England goalscorers, behind Charlton and Gary Lineker
Scoring Record
Goes on to play 57 times and score 44 goals for England, five fewer than Bobby Charlton but at a much higher rate, remains third in the all-time list of England goalscorers, behind Charlton and Gary Lineker
England Goal Against Peru on Debut
Greaves scored England's goal in a 4-1 friendly defeat in Peru, marking the beginning of his prolific senior international career.
Death of John Foster Dulles
Death of John Foster Dules
Death of John Foster Dulles
Death of John Foster Dulles
Burial
Interred at Arlington National Cemetery
Exile of Josef Mengele
Moves to Paraguay while evading capture for Nazi war crimes.
Economy of South Korea
Establishes a 5 yr program for economic development
Ho Chi Minh Trail
Hanoi established the 559th Transportation Group under the command of Colonel (later General) Vo Bam to improve and maintain a transportation system to supply the Vietcong uprising against South Vietnamese Government
Ho Chi Minh Trail
Hanoi established the 559th Transportation Group under the command of Colonel (later General) Vo Bam to improve and maintain a transportation system to supply the Vietcong uprising against South Vietnamese Government
Transportation Group
Hanoi established the 559th Transportation Group under the command of Colonel (later General) Vo Bam to improve and maintain a transportation system to supply the Vietcong uprising against South Vietnamese Government
Group 559
Creates Group 559 to enlarge the Ho Chi Minh Trail into South Vietnam
Group 759
Creates Group 759 to supply troops & provisions by Sea into South Vietnam
Ho Chi Minh Trail
Hanoi established the 559th Transportation Group under the command of Colonel (later General) Vo Bam to improve and maintain a transportation system to supply the Vietcong uprising against South Vietnamese Government. Creates Group 559 to enlarge the Ho Chi Minh Trail into South Vietnam
June 195913 historical events
Constitution of Tunisia
Tunisia promulgated its first republican constitution, establishing a presidential system.
Fourth European Cup Final Goal
Scores shortly after half-time as Real Madrid secure a fourth consecutive European Cup.
Fourth European Cup Final Opening Goal
Scores in the opening minute as Real Madrid defeat Reims 2-0 in the European Cup final.
Education
Bob Dylan graduates Hibbing HS in Minnesota
President of Austria
Appointed President of the National Council
International Goodwill Tour Begins
Guevara leaves Cuba on a government mission through Europe, Africa and Asia to develop diplomatic and economic relations.
Taoiseach of Ireland
Succeeds de Valera as Taoiseach and begins a government focused on economic modernization.
Senate Test Ban Testimony
McCone testified before a Senate Foreign Relations subcommittee about the Geneva nuclear test negotiations and the technical problems of verification.
St Lawrence Seaway
Queen Elizabeth and President Eisenhower open St Lawrence Seaway
Saint Lawrence Seaway Dedication
Joins Queen Elizabeth II in formally opening the Saint Lawrence Seaway.
Visit to Chicago
Visits Chicago on the Britannia
Visit to To Canada
Pays a royal state visit to Canada
Asian Technical Assistance Missions
The IAEA sends preliminary assistance missions to Asian Member States to assess nuclear science, training and equipment needs.
July 19597 historical events
Death of Dale Buis
Killed in an attack often counted among the first US combat deaths in Vietnam
Death of Chester Ovnand
Killed with Dale Buis in the Bien Hoa attack
Steel Strike
McDonald leads a nationwide steel strike over work rules and employment security.
Government
July 22-August 5, visits the Soviet Union & Poland
Kitchen Debate with Richard Nixon
Debates Vice President Richard Nixon at the American National Exhibition over consumer living standards and rival political systems.
Military Leadership Debate
Kerensky participates in military leadership debate during his political career.
Constitution of Indonesia
Seeks to unite Indonesia through "Guided Democracy"
August 19598 historical events
Havana Visit
HSCA records showed that Jack Ruby entered Cuba on August 8, 1959, during a period when his friend Lewis McWillie was working in Havana gambling operations.
Birth of Amanda Redman
Birth of Amanda Redman
Hawaii Becomes Fiftieth State
Hawaii formally enters the Union as the fiftieth state during Eisenhower's presidency.
Mini Production
The British Motor Corporation launches the Mini, produced at Longbridge and Cowley.
Hardship Discharge Board Recommendation
A Marine hardship board recommended approval of Lee's request for early active-duty release because of his mother's claimed dependency.
Women's Unveiling
Women of the royal family appear unveiled at public independence celebrations with government support.
Retirement
During his total of 541 appearances for Wolves and his 105 games for England, his disciplinary record was excellent, never cautioned or sent off by any referee
Havana Visit
Ruby visited Havana in 1959 at the invitation of Lewis McWillie, who supervised gambling activities at the Tropicana Hotel; Ruby later described the trip as recreational.
September 195928 historical events
Passport Application
Oswald applied for a United States passport on September 4, 1959, while preparing to leave active Marine service.
International Goodwill Tour Ends
Guevara returns to Cuba after a three-month government mission through Europe, Africa and Asia.
Election
Calls for n election to be held Eighth Oct
Defence Minister Appointed
Begins a long term as Minister of National Defence
Release from Active Duty
Oswald was released from active Marine duty on September 11, 1959, and transferred to the Marine Corps Reserve.
Luna 2 Moon Impact
Luna 2 becomes the first human-made object to reach the surface of the Moon.
First Spacecraft on the Moon
The achievement marks first spacecraft on the moon as an important Russian scientific milestone.
Luna 2 Lunar Impact
Directs the mission whose probe becomes the first human-made object to reach the Moon.
Arrival at Andrews Air Force Base
Arrives for his official American tour and is welcomed by President Eisenhower.
Official Visit to United States
Begins the first visit to the United States by a Soviet leader, meeting President Dwight Eisenhower.
Khrushchev United States Visit
Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev begins an unprecedented visit to the United States.
European Passage Booking
Oswald booked passage from New Orleans to Le Havre aboard the freighter SS Marion Lykes on September 17, 1959.
Liberty Hotel Registration
Before sailing to Europe, Lee registered at the Liberty Hotel in New Orleans on the evening of September 17.
United Nations General Assembly Address
Addresses the United Nations General Assembly during his visit to the United States.
Hollywood Visit
Visits a Hollywood studio during his widely publicized tour of the United States.
SS Marion Lykes Departure
The SS Marion Lykes sailed from New Orleans early on September 20, 1959, carrying Oswald as one of four passengers.
San Francisco Visit
Tours San Francisco during his American visit and meets civic and business representatives.
Iowa Farm Visit
Visits an Iowa farm and studies American maize production during his agricultural tour.
Roses for the Prosecutor
Directs Rosen fur den Staatsanwalt.
Pittsburgh Industrial Visit
Visits Pittsburgh to inspect American industrial facilities before continuing to Camp David.
Camp David Talks with Khrushchev
Begins talks with Nikita Khrushchev at Camp David on Berlin and wider East-West tensions.
Camp David Talks with Eisenhower
Holds extensive private and formal talks with Eisenhower on Berlin, disarmament and bilateral relations.
Camp David Joint Communique
Concludes talks with Eisenhower by affirming that international disputes should be settled through peaceful negotiations.
Seibersdorf Laboratory Construction Inaugurated
Pours the first concrete for the IAEA laboratory at Seibersdorf, beginning construction of the Agency's research facility.
Beijing Anniversary Visit
Visits Beijing for the tenth anniversary of the People's Republic amid worsening Sino-Soviet relations.
Arms Control Talks at Berlin
Khrushchev & Eisenhower stated jointly that the most important issue in the world was general disarmament & Berlin to be resolved by negotiation
Camp David Understanding on Berlin
Agrees with President Eisenhower that negotiations on Berlin should continue without a fixed Soviet deadline.
Crisis
Khrushchev & Eisenhower stated jointly that the most important issue in the world was general disarmament & Berlin to be resolved by negotiation
October 195946 historical events
Visit to Beijing
Visits China for the 10th anniversary of the revolution
Visit to To the US
Criticised in the press for a visit to the US
Luna 3 Mission
Leads the spacecraft programme returning the first images of the Moon's far side.
Photography of Lunar Far Side
The achievement marks photography of lunar far side as an important Russian scientific milestone.
INRA Industrialization Department
Guevara is appointed to direct the Industrialization Department of the National Institute of Agrarian Reform.
Luna 3 Far Side Images
Luna 3 photographs the far side of the Moon for the first time.
Election
Almost doubles his majority to 8,633
Election
1st elected Member of Parliament for Finchley during the election, has a constituency majority of 16,260
Member of Parliament
1st elected Member of Parliament for Finchley during the election, has a constituency majority of 16,260
Election
The Conservatives win 49.4% of votes cast, 365 seats, Labour win 258 seats
Aberavon General Election
Again contests Aberavon for the Conservative Party at the 1959 general election but is not elected.
General Election
Retains Birmingham Stechford for Labour during another Conservative general election victory.
General Election
Retains Coventry East at the 1959 general election.
Le Havre Arrival
Oswald disembarked at Le Havre on October 8, 1959, and continued his journey toward northern Europe.
Helsinki Arrival
Oswald flew to Helsinki on October 9, 1959, after telling British customs officials that he planned to remain in Britain for a week.
Southampton Customs Declaration
Lee told British customs officials that he planned a week in Britain before attending school in Switzerland, then flew to Helsinki that day.
Independence of Cuba
Cuba celebrates October 10th as the first declaration of independence after the day Castro and his army enter Havana, January 1, 1959, as "the triumph of the revolution"
Shadow Cabinet Appointment
Healey enters Labour’s Shadow Cabinet and works on foreign affairs.
Shadow Cabinet
Healey begins a period as a Labour front-bench shadow secretary of state.
Fatah
Creation of Fatah
Soviet Visa Application
Lee probably applied for his Soviet entry visa at the Russian consulate in Helsinki on October 12, the first business day after arrival.
Death of Errol Flynn
Death of Errol Flynn
Soviet Visa Issued
The Soviet consulate issued Oswald a visa on October 14, 1959, permitting a single visit of no more than six days.
Vainikkala Border Crossing
Lee traveled by train from Helsinki and crossed the Finnish-Soviet border at Vainikkala on October 15.
Moscow Arrival
Oswald arrived in Moscow on October 16, 1959, and registered at the Hotel Berlin as a student.
Rima Shirokova Intourist Assignment
Intourist assigned Rima Shirokova as Lee's Moscow guide shortly after his arrival, and she assisted him with Soviet authorities.
Supreme Soviet Citizenship Letter
With assistance from his Intourist guide, Lee mailed a letter to the Supreme Soviet requesting Soviet citizenship.
Botkinskaya Psychiatric Ward
Following his wrist injury, Lee spent three days in Botkinskaya Hospital's psychiatric ward before doctors transferred him to another department.
Moscow Self Harm Incident
After being told to leave Moscow, Oswald cut his left wrist and was taken unconscious to Botkinskaya Hospital.
Soviet Visa Expiration Order
On October 21, 1959, Soviet officials informed Oswald that his visa had expired and ordered him to leave Moscow within two hours.
The Bridge
Directs Die Brucke, known in English as The Bridge.
Presidential Palace Speech
Guevara addresses a mass rally at the Presidential Palace during a period of political tension.
Basic Democracies Order
Ayub Khan establishes the Basic Democracies system of local electoral councils.
Metropole Hotel Registration
After leaving the hospital, Lee checked out of the Hotel Berlin and registered at Moscow's Metropole Hotel.
Accession
Succeeds Sisavang Vong as King of Laos
Death of Sisavang Vong
Dies after ruling Luang Prabang and Laos through the colonial and independence eras
Embassy Citizenship Renunciation Attempt
Lee appeared at the American Embassy and declared that he wanted to renounce his United States citizenship.
Election
During the election coins the phrase, "you have never had it so good"
Minister of Labour
Enters Cabinet as Minister of Labour after the Conservative election victory.
Soviet Citizenship Request
Soon after reaching Moscow, Oswald told his Intourist guide that he wanted to leave the United States and become a Soviet citizen.
ANC
While Kaunda is in prison, Mainza Chona and other nationalists break away from the ANC and, in October 1959, Chona becomes the first President of the United National Independence Party (UNIP), the successor to ZANC
President of Zambia
While Kaunda is in prison, Mainza Chona and other nationalists break away from the ANC and, in October 1959, Chona becomes the first President of the United National Independence Party (UNIP), the successor to ZANC
United National Independence Party
While Kaunda is in prison, Mainza Chona and other nationalists break away from the ANC and, in October 1959, Chona becomes the first President of the United National Independence Party (UNIP), the successor to ZANC
ANC
While Kaunda is in prison, Mainza Chona and other nationalists break away from the ANC and, in October 1959, Chona becomes the first President of the United National Independence Party (UNIP), the successor to ZANC
Arrest of Kenneth David Kuanda
While Kaunda is in prison, Mainza Chona and other nationalists break away from the ANC and, in October 1959, Chona becomes the first President of the United National Independence Party (UNIP), the successor to ZANC
United National Independence Party
While Kaunda is in prison, Mainza Chona and other nationalists break away from the ANC and, in October 1959, Chona becomes the first President of the United National Independence Party (UNIP), the successor to ZANC
November 195922 historical events
Citizenship Revocation Letter
Lee wrote the American Embassy requesting revocation of his citizenship after consular officials had delayed his attempted renunciation.
Birth of Bryan Adams
Birth of Bryan Adams
Nile Waters Agreement
Nasser's government signs the agreement allocating Nile waters and enabling reservoir construction.
Presidential Election
Habib Bourguiba won Tunisia's first presidential election under the republican constitution.
Aline Mosby Interview
United Press International reporter Aline Mosby interviewed Lee for about two hours regarding his decision to remain in the Soviet Union.
Birth of Paul McGann
Birth of Paul McGann
Quarrymen
The Quarrymen are renamed Johnny and the Moondogs and fail an audition for "talent-show" Carroll Levis at Manchester Hippodrome
Quarrymen
The Quarrymen are renamed Johnny and the Moondogs and fail an audition for "talent-show" Carroll Levis at Manchester Hippodrome
Quarrymen
The Quarrymen are renamed Johnny and the Moondogs and fail an audition for "talent-show" Carroll Levis at Manchester Hippodrome
Priscilla Johnson Interview
Journalist Priscilla Johnson interviewed Lee at the Metropole Hotel for roughly five hours about his politics, defection, and Soviet citizenship hopes.
European Free Trade Association (EFTA)
Takes Britain into EFTA
Emil Jonsson Government
The Emil Jonsson Government ends, concluding this term as Prime Minister of Iceland.
Fifth Olafur Thors Government
Begins the Fifth Olafur Thors Government and serves as Prime Minister of Iceland.
Birth of Charles Peter Kennedy
Birth of Charles Peter Kennedy
President of National Bank
Guevara assumes the presidency of Cuba's National Bank after Felipe Pazos leaves the post.
Constitution of Great Britain
Calls for the reform of Clause IV of after the loss of 3 elections in a row
Election
Calls for the reform of Clause IV of after the loss of 3 elections in a row
Reform of Labour Party Policy
Calls for the reform of Clause IV of after the loss of 3 elections in a row
European Free Trade Association
Supports creation of EFTA after Britain remains outside the Treaty of Rome framework.
Constitution of Great Britain
Gaitskell accepts Wilson's Clause IV reform of the Labour Party for "common ownership". Describes reforming Clause IV as "taking Genesis out of the Bible"
Constitution of Great Britain
Accepts Wilson's comprimise for Clause IV of the Labour Party for "common ownership"
Reform of Labour Party Policy
Accepts Wilson's comprimise for Clause IV of the Labour Party for "common ownership"
December 195910 historical events
Eleven-Nation Goodwill Tour Begins
Departs on an eleven-nation goodwill tour intended to strengthen alliances and demonstrate personal diplomacy.
Election
Elected President of the Republic of Cyprus
Election
Elected President of the Republic of Cyprus
State Visit
al-Fayez participates in state visit connected with Jordanian political and historical developments.
Test Moratorium Policy Review
McCone joined senior officials in reviewing the expiring nuclear test moratorium and negotiating guidance before President Eisenhower made a new policy decision.
Honorary Doctorate at Las Villas
The Central University of Las Villas awards Guevara an honorary doctorate, which he accepts on behalf of the Rebel Army.
AEC Test Policy Guidance
McCone transmitted guidance to the AEC after the administration decided how to handle the expiring moratorium and future Geneva negotiations.
Conference of Allies
The 4 major western allies agree to attend a summit with Britain as its organiser
Conference of ANC
Conference votes to initiate an anti-pass law campaign with a pass bonfire 26th June. A conference is held during Durbans anti-pass demonstrations
Demonstrations
Conference votes to initiate an anti-pass law campaign with a pass bonfire 26th June. A conference is held during Durbans anti-pass demonstrations
Birth of Mullah Muhammad Omar
Birth of Mullah Muhammad Omar
The Logic of Scientific Discovery
Publication of "The Logic of Scientific Discovery"
Foreign Secretary of Austria
Appointed Foreign Minister in the coalition cabinet of Chancellor Julius Raab
Late Quantum Foundations Work
Continues writing and lecturing on quantum theory and philosophy during the final years of his academic life.
Cornell Research
Moves to Cornell University as a research associate and begins a close scientific collaboration with Robert Brout.
Doctorate
Receives a doctorate in physical sciences from the Universite Libre de Bruxelles.
Englert Collaboration
Begins working closely with Francois Englert when Englert arrives at Cornell as a research associate.
Santos Paulista Championship Attack
Pelé's exceptional scoring consistency made Santos a major domestic force as its team toured and competed extensively.
South American Championship Leading Scorer
Pelé finished as leading scorer at the South American Championship, although Brazil finished behind Argentina in the standings.
Commander of "Esmeralda" Regiment
Appointed Commander of the "Esmeralda" Regiment
Chairman
Appointed Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National Peoples Congress
Head of State
Appointed Head of State for China
Secretary of State for Defence
Appointed Minister of Defence
Conference of Lushan
Dismissed for criticizing Maos economic management at the Lushan Conference
Dismissal
Dismissed for criticizing Maos economic management at the Lushan Conference
Local Self-Government Expansion
Oversees expansion of local electoral institutions in Taiwan, including directly elected local representatives, magistrates and city mayors.
Committee of Defence of the Revolution
The USSR sends over one hundred mostly Spanish speaking advisers, including Enrique Lister Forjan, to organize the Committee's for the Defence of the Revolution
Agreement on Buy oil from the USSR
Castro flies to Washington DC but was not met by President Eisenhower, who decides to attend a golf tournament rather than meet with the Cuban leader. Cuba signs an agreement to buy oil from the USSR.
Break in Diplomatic Relations with The Castro Government
US refineries in Cuba refuse to process Cuban oil, they are expropriated, & the US breaks off diplomatic relations with the Castro Government.
Economy of Cuba
A variety of pacts were signed between Castro & Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev, allowing Cuba to receive large amounts of economic & military aid
Economy of Cuba
Eisenhower reduces Cuba's sugar import quota by 7,000,000 tons, & in response, Cuba nationalizes $850 million worth of US property & businesses.
Economy of Cuba
The nationalization of private property and businesses to the tune of $25 billion and, particularly, US owned companies (to an excess of 1960 value of US $1. 0 billions arouses immediate hostility within the Eisenhower administration.
Economy of Cuba
US refineries in Cuba refuse to process Cuban oil, they are expropriated, & the US breaks off diplomatic relations with the Castro Government. Cuba signs an agreement to buy oil from the USSR.
Economy of Cuba
Over one million Cubans migrate to the US, forming a vocal anti-Castro community in Miami, Florida
Meeting with Castro during his visit to the US
Eisenhower refuses to meet Castro during his visit to the US.
Migration
Over one million Cubans migrate to the US, forming a vocal anti-Castro community in Miami, Florida
Nationalization
Eisenhower reduces Cuba's sugar import quota by 7,000,000 tons, & in response, Cuba nationalizes $850 million worth of US property & businesses.
Nationalization
The nationalization of private property and businesses to the tune of $25 billion and, particularly, US owned companies (to an excess of 1960 value of US $1.0 billions arouses immediate hostility within the Eisenhower administration.
Nationalization
US refineries in Cuba refuse to process Cuban oil, they are expropriated, & the US breaks off diplomatic relations with the Castro Government.
Nationalization
Over one million Cubans migrate to the US, forming a vocal anti-Castro community in Miami, Florida
Peace Mediation
The nationalization of private property and businesses to the tune of $25 billion and, particularly, US owned companies (to an excess of 1960 value of US $1.0 billions arouses immediate hostility within the Eisenhower administration.
Reception of Large amounts of economic & military aid
Eisenhower reduces Cuba's sugar import quota by 7,000,000 tons, & in response, Cuba nationalizes $850 million worth of US property & businesses. Between April 15th and 26th, Castro & a delegation of industrial & international representatives visit the US as guests of the Press Club. A variety of pacts were signed between Castro & Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev, allowing Cuba to receive large amounts of economic & military aid
USSR sends over one hundred mostly Spanish speaking advisers, including Enrique
The USSR sends over one hundred mostly Spanish speaking advisers, including Enrique Lister Forjan, to organize the Committee's for the Defence of the Revolution.
26th of July Movement
The 26th of July Movement, led by Fidel Castro, becomes the dominant revolutionary force that helps overthrow Fulgencio Batista's government in January 1959.
Independence of Cyprus
The British grant Cyprus its independence & appoint Makarios President. The British forbid Cyprus to unify with Greece
President of Cyprus
Appointed President of Cyprus
Arrest after Stanleyville Disturbances
Belgian authorities arrest Lumumba after disturbances in Stanleyville and later sentence him to imprisonment.
MNC Radical Independence Campaign
Expands the MNC campaign for national unity and immediate independence from Belgian rule.
Request for UNESCO Assistance
Egypt requests international assistance to protect Nubian monuments threatened by the reservoir.
Palme dOr
Directs Black Orpheus (Orfeu Negro), winner of the Palme dOr.
Hiroshima mon amour
Directs Hiroshima mon amour, a major early work of modernist French cinema.
The 400 Blows
Directs The 400 Blows, his feature debut and a landmark of the French New Wave.
Pickpocket
Directs Pickpocket.
Independence of Algeria
Comes to power in France & offers a plan for Algerian self-determination
Independence of France
Comes to power in France & offers a plan for Algerian self-determination
French Membership of NATO
de Gaulle began constructing an independent defence force for his country. He wanted to give France, in the event of an East German incursion into West Germany, the option of coming to a separate peace with the Eastern bloc instead of being drawn into a larger NATO–Warsaw Pact war. France withdrew its Mediterranean Fleet from NATO command
President of Euratom
Appointed President of Euratom
French Nuclear Programme
Supports French nuclear development using uranium resources.
Class and Class Conflict in Industrial Society
Publication of "Class and Class Conflict in Industrial Society"
Billard um halb zehn
Publication of Billard um halb zehn
Flucht und Verwundlung
Publication of "Flucht und Verwundlung"
Rule of Saarland
The Saar is reunified with Germany
President of Germany
Appointed President of Germany
Communist Party of Germany (KPD)
Joins the Communist Party of Germany (KPD), the banned German Communist Party & begins work at the magazine konkret, serving as chief editor from 1962 until 1964
Konkret
Joins the Communist Party of Germany (KPD), the banned German Communist Party & begins work at the magazine konkret, serving as chief editor from 1962 until 1964
Election
Elected to the Landtag of the Rhineland Palatinate
Arrest of Hasso von Manteuffel
Found guilty of shooting a deserter in 1944
Trial
Found guilty of shooting a deserter in 1944
Battle of the Sexes
Directs The Battle of the Sexes
The Mummy
Appears in The Mummy
The Battle of the Sexes
Stars in "The Battle of the Sexes "
Im All Right Jack
Appears in Im All Right Jack
Suddenly, Last Summer
Nominated for an Academy Award for Best Actress for Suddenly, Last Summer
North by Northwest
Stars in North by Northwest. Stars in Journey to the Center of the Earth
The Battle of the Sexes
Appears in "The Battle of the Sexes"
Im All Right Jack
Appears again as Major Hitchcock in Im All Right Jack
Carlton-Browne of the F.O.
Sellers plays Prime Minister Amphibulos in the political satire Carlton-Browne of the F.O.
I'm All Right Jack
Sellers plays trade-union official Fred Kite in the industrial satire I'm All Right Jack.
The Mouse That Roared - Count Rupert Mountjoy
Sellers performs Count Rupert Mountjoy as a third principal role in The Mouse That Roared.
The Mouse That Roared - Grand Duchess Gloriana XII
Sellers plays Grand Duchess Gloriana XII in The Mouse That Roared.
The Mouse That Roared - Tully Bascombe
Sellers portrays Tully Bascombe in The Mouse That Roared.
The Running Jumping & Standing Still Film
Sellers produces the surreal short The Running Jumping & Standing Still Film.
Academy Award
Winner of the best male actor for "Separate Tables"
Absolute Beginners
Publication of "Absolute Beginners"
Eating People Is Wrong
Malcolm Bradbury published his debut novel Eating People Is Wrong, satirizing university life and social attitudes.
Happy Days
Publication of "Happy Days"
Plato Today Second Edition
Publishes a revised second edition of Plato Today.
Island Records
Island Records is founded in Jamaica in by Chris Blackwell and Graeme Goodall, taking its name from the 1955 Alec Waugh novel, subsequent film and Harry Belafonte hit song "Island in the Sun"
Island Records
Island Records is founded in Jamaica in by Chris Blackwell and Graeme Goodall, taking its name from the 1955 Alec Waugh novel, subsequent film and Harry Belafonte hit song "Island in the Sun"
Susie and The Hula Hoops
Marc Bolan joins Susie and The Hula Hoops, lead singer Helen Shapiro
EMI
Barry is employed by the EMI record company from 1959 until 1962 arranging orchestral accompaniment for the companys recording artists
Susie and The Hula Hoops
Joins Susie and The Hula Hoops, whose lead singer is Helen Shapiro.
Secretary of State for Defence
Appointed Minister of Defence
Speaker of House of Commons
Appointed Speaker of the House of Commons
Conservative Politics
Watches Macmillan consolidate Conservative leadership after the Suez crisis
Independence of Cyprus
Turkey & Greece accept plans for the basis of an independent Cyprus. The basis for Cyprus independence is agreed, Britain can keep its sovereign bases
Independence of Great Britain
Turkey & Greece accept plans for the basis of an independent Cyprus. The basis for Cyprus independence is agreed, Britain can keep its sovereign bases
Summit Meeting at Washington
Visits Eisenhower & gets agreement for a meeting of Foreign Minister's at a summit
Peerage
Created Viscount Dunrossil
Governor
Appointed Governor General of Australia
University of Birmingham Appointment
Hoggart moved to the University of Birmingham, where his work helped establish cultural studies as a field.
Man About Town Acquisition
The publishing business acquires Man About Town and develops the title into a more ambitious men's magazine.
Welsh Guards National Service
Undertakes National Service in the Welsh Guards after postponing military service while establishing his business career.
Member of Parliament
Elected Conservative Member of Parliament for Southend West from 1959 until 1997
Chairman
Appointed Chairman of the Public Accounts Committee
Clause IV Defence
Defends Labour's Clause IV against revision.
Research Department
Appointed Head of the Labour Party's Research Department and took charge of the renewal of party policy following its third successive defeat in 1959
Labour Modernisation
Promotes a modernised social-democratic programme after Labour's third consecutive election defeat.
Election
At the General Election doubles his majority in Huyton to 5,927
Member of Parliament
At the General Election doubles his majority in Huyton to 5,927
Clause IV
Defends Clause IV from Gaitskell's attempt to revise Labour's constitution.
Constitution of Great Britain
Accepts Wilson's comprimise for Clause IV of the Labour Party for "common ownership". Urges Labour to adopt a mixed economy at the Blackpool Conference
Election
The Labour Party loses its 3rd general election in a row. Promises not to increase taxes, seen as an electoral bribe. Labour win 43.8% of votes cast, 258 seats, the Conservatives win 365 seats. Defeated after Gaitskell promises increased spending without increasing taxes
Secretary
Appointed Secretary to Harold Wilson
Election
Campaigns as Labour's senior economic spokesman during the general election.
Peerage
Created Baron Lambeth, 1st
Election
Stands as an Member of Parliament for the Liberal Party, defeated
Election
The Liberals receive 6% of the vote & return 6 Members of Parliament
Ossians Ride
Hoyle published the science-fiction and political thriller Ossian's Ride.
Invention of Hovercraft
The Hovercraft 1st crosses the English Channel
International Caps
Clough plays twice for England, against Wales on 17 October 1959 and Sweden on 28 October 1959
Manager
Apppointed Manager of The Netherlands Football Team
Young Player of the Year
Voted Young Player of the Year
100 Caps
Makes 105 full international appearances (70 consecutive), scoring three times, also the first football player in the world to earn 100 caps
Third League Championship
Completes his final season at Wolves as the team claims another First Division crown, the third of his playing career.
FA Cup Winning Captain
Jack Burkitt captained Nottingham Forest in their 1959 FA Cup final victory over Luton Town. His leadership was particularly important when an injury left his side under pressure.
Experienced Leeds Defender
Charlton maintains a regular place in Leeds United's defence as the club navigates a difficult top-flight campaign.
Forest Wembley Defensive Resilience
Joe McDonald represented Nottingham Forest in the defensive unit that won the 1959 FA Cup final. He helped the team protect a 2-1 lead after injury reduced Forest's effectiveness.
Defender Wins Hammer of the Year
Ken Brown wins West Ham’s Hammer of the Year award as a dependable defender following the club’s return to First Division football.
Walker Leads Nottingham Forest Past Luton Town
Nottingham Forest's final against Luton Town ends 2-1, completing Walker's successful campaign.
United Rebuilding Campaign
Charlton remains a central attacking figure as Matt Busby rebuilds the Manchester United squad after the previous year's air disaster.
Tambling Emerges With Greaves at Chelsea
Tambling developed in Chelsea's forward group during the latter part of Jimmy Greaves' remarkably productive spell.
Huddersfield Young Attacker Attracts Interest
Law's quick feet and finishing in the Second Division attracted attention from larger English and European clubs.
Chelsea First Division Leading Scorer
Greaves finished as the English First Division's top scorer with Chelsea, beginning a remarkable series of domestic scoring awards.
1959 Championship Midfield Creativity
Contributes incisive passing and attacking movement to the Wolves side that retains the league championship.
Watford Forward Appointment
Saunders joins Watford and adds experience to their attacking line during a transitional period in his playing career.
1959 FA Cup Final Opening Goal
Scores Nottingham Forest's opening goal in the 2-1 final victory over Luton Town.
Manchester United Cup Upset
Terry Bly led Norwich City's attack during their famous 1959 FA Cup run, when the third-tier side defeated Manchester United 3-0 at Carrow Road.
Second Goal in 1959 FA Cup Final
Tommy Wilson scored Nottingham Forest's second goal against Luton Town in the 1959 FA Cup final. His finish proved decisive after Forest had to withstand a second-half fightback.
1959 FA Cup Final Goalkeeping
Chic Thomson kept goal for Nottingham Forest as they overcame Luton Town at Wembley in 1959. His performance helped preserve the club's narrow advantage in a demanding final.
Relegation and Rebuilding
Mercer begins rebuilding Aston Villa after relegation to the Second Division.
FA Cup Semi Final Run
Archie Macaulay guided third-tier Norwich City through a celebrated FA Cup campaign that included a victory over Manchester United before a semi-final replay defeat to Luton Town.
Shankly Appointed to Rebuild Liverpool
Bill Shankly accepted the Liverpool managerial position in December 1959 and began transforming the club's training methods and footballing ambitions.
Second Consecutive League Title
Guides Wolves to the 1958–59 First Division title and secures consecutive championships for the club.
Dickinson's Portsmouth Long Service
Dickinson continues as a central figure in the Portsmouth side after more than a decade in the first team, demonstrating unusual loyalty and durability.
Charlton Midfield Emergence
Bailey develops into an important Charlton Athletic midfielder with an energetic style and increasing first-team responsibility.
Nuclear Power
Attends but a Treaty is not agreed due to US opposition, the "big hole" theory
First Meeting with Anne-Marie
Crown Prince Constantine first meets Princess Anne-Marie of Denmark during a stop in Copenhagen while travelling in Scandinavia.
European Cup
Winner of the European Cup with Real Madrid
Party President
Appointed Party President of the Congress Party
Cholera Enterotoxin
Sambhu Nath De demonstrates that cell-free filtrates of Vibrio cholerae contain an enterotoxin responsible for the characteristic fluid secretion of cholera.
Ambassador
Appointed Ambassador of Russia
Dictatorship
Internal unrest is overcome by a proclamation of national aims
Marriage
Marries Farah Diba
Political Support
Nasser regards the communist support for Kassem as hostile & they denounce each other
Plot
Involved in a failed attempt to assassinate President Qassem
Coup
Flees to Syria after an abortive coup against the military dictator brigadier Kassem
Coup
Flees to Syria after an abortive coup against the military dictator brigadier Kassem
President of Ireland
Appointed President of Ireland, 1st term
Blockade of Israeli Shipping through the Suez Canal
Egypt renews the Israeli blockade through the Suez canal
Israeli Suez Transit Restricted
Egypt restricts Israeli use of the Suez Canal, limiting maritime transit through the strategic waterway.
Election
First elected to the Knesset
Aharonov-Bohm Electron Phase Effect
With David Bohm, predicts that electron interference can depend on electromagnetic potentials even where the electrons traverse no magnetic field.
Art and Beauty Medieval Study
Eco contributed a study of medieval aesthetics to a collaborative history of aesthetic thought.
Prime Minister of Jamaica
Appointed Prime Minister of Jamaica
Fires On The Plain
Kon Ichikawa directs the anti-war drama Fires On The Plain
KCP
The major argument in Khieu Samphans 1959 thesis, Kampucheas Economy and Industrial Development, was that the country had to become self-reliant and end its economic dependency on the developed world. Khieu Samphan returned from Paris in 1959, taught as a member of the law faculty of the University of Phnom Penh, and started a left-wing, French-language publication, LObservateur
LObservateur
Khieu Samphan returned from Paris in 1959, taught as a member of the law faculty of the University of Phnom Penh, and started a left-wing, French-language publication, LObservateur
Laos Crisis
Treats Laos as a major Cold War crisis as the civil war intensifies
Military Influence
Becomes a central right-wing military figure during the opening phase of the civil war
Commercial Oil Discovery
Major commercial oil discoveries begin transforming Libya's public finances and foreign relations.
President of Madagascar
Appointed President of Madagascar, 1st term
Discovery of Huygens Region
Huygens sketch of the nebula is published, in honor of his discovery, the interior of the nebula was named the Huygens Region
Discovery of Orion Nebula
Huygens sketch of the nebula is published, in honor of his discovery, the interior of the nebula was named the Huygens Region
Royal Society
Is elected a Fellow of the Royal Society, becoming the first Fellow elected from Pakistan.
Fatah
Abbas becomes associated with the early Fatah movement founded by Palestinian nationalists
State of Siege
Uses emergency powers to suppress opposition during his rule.
Bryukhanov Electrical Engineering Degree
Graduates from Tashkent Polytechnic with a degree in electrical engineering before beginning a career in the Soviet power industry.
First Secretary
Appointed First Secretary of the Novosibirsk obkom
Conference of Nuclear Test Ban
Attends but a Treaty is not agreed due to US opposition, the "big hole" theory. Attends but a Treaty is not agreed due to US opposition, the "big hole" theory
Congress of Communist Party, 21st
21st Party Congress
Crisis
Khrushchev & Eisenhower stated jointly that the most important issue in the world was general disarmament & Berlin to be resolved by negotiation. Russia withdraws its deadline & instead meets with the Western powers in a Big Four Foreign Minister's conference
Expansion of Maize Campaign
Promotes wider maize cultivation as part of his effort to increase livestock feed and agricultural output.
Maize Campaign Launched
Launches the maize campaign
Sino-Soviet Dispute Becomes Public
Open disagreements with Mao Zedong deepen the emerging Sino-Soviet split.
Sino-Soviet split becomes public
The Sino-Soviet split becomes public
Visit to Washington
Visits Eisenhower to discuss general foreign policy including Berlin
Bryukhanov Angren Power Plant Career Begins
Begins work at the Angren Thermal Power Plant and gains practical experience in turbine and power-station operations.
Russian Revolution Essays
Writes essays defending the democratic revolution of 1917.
Mass Polio Immunization
The achievement marks mass polio immunization as an important Russian scientific milestone.
Oral Polio Vaccine Trials
Organizes large-scale trials of the live oral poliovirus vaccine.
Dyatlov Moscow Engineering Physics Institute Graduation
Graduates with distinction as an engineer-physicist specializing in automation and electronics at the Moscow Engineering Physics Institute.
Dyatlov Komsomolsk Shipyard Assignment
Is assigned to the Lenin Komsomol shipbuilding plant in Komsomolsk-on-Amur after completing his nuclear-engineering education.
1959 Wembley Winning Team
Billy Gray was part of Nottingham Forest's attack in the 1959 FA Cup final against Luton Town. Forest prevailed 2-1 despite playing much of the match with an injured Roy Dwight.
Minister of Culture
Appointed Minister of Culture
Legislation
Bantu Investment Corporation Act, provides for black investment in black areas
Reform of Parliament
A Bill is passed which abolishes all native representation in Parliament
Purge
Expelled from Lovedale School for leading a student strike
Lutuli
Banned & confined to the Lower Tugela District for 5 yrs
Progressive Party
Leads a break away from the United Party & founds the Progressive Party
Second Ballon d’Or for Di Stéfano
Alfredo Di Stéfano receives his second Ballon d’Or as Real Madrid continues its remarkable sequence of European Cup victories, reaffirming his status as the team’s central attacking figure.
Automotive Occupant Restraint
Combines lap and shoulder restraint in an easily operated safety system.
Three-Point Safety Belt
Perfects the modern three-point safety belt for Volvo vehicles.
Independence of Cyprus
A Greek-Turkish plan to make Cyprus independent is endorsed by Makarios. Accepts the London decision that Cyprus should be independent
Independence of Turkey
A Greek-Turkish plan to make Cyprus independent is endorsed by Makarios. Accepts the London decision that Cyprus should be independent
Treaty of Friendship
Spain & Turkey sign a Treaty of friendship
Rio Bravo
Appears in Howard Hawks Rio Bravo, in which she played a flirtatious gambler called "Feathers" who becomes attracted to the town sheriff played by Dickinsons childhood idol John Wayne
On the Beach
Stars in On the Beach
The Nuns Story
Directs, "The Nuns Story"
Rio Bravo
Rio Bravo is a 1959 American Western film, directed by Howard Hawks
Anatomy of a Murder
Stars in, "Anatomy of a Murder"
BAFTA
Stars in "The Apartment", wins the BAFTA Award for Best Foreign Actor
Golden Globe
Stars in "The Apartment", wins the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor
The Apartment
Stars in "The Apartment"
Lets Make Love
Retuns to Hollywood to star in the musical comedy Lets Make Love, about an actress and a millionaire who fall in love when performing in a satirical play
The Young Philadelphians
Stars in "The Young Philadelphians"
Academy Award
Winner of the Academy Award for Best Direction for Ben-Hur
Ben-Hur
Directs, Ben-Hur
Nine Tomorrows Collection
Asimov published Nine Tomorrows, a collection featuring several major science-fiction stories.
Motown Records
Berry Gordy Jr. founds Motown record company to mass-market black music, the Miracles, "Shop Around"
Death of Buddy Holly
Buddy Holly, Ritchie Valens, and the Big Bopper (J.P. Richardson) are killed when a plane Buddy Holly had chartered from Mason City, Iowa, to Fargo, North Dakota crashes in a corn field
University of Minnesota
Studies briefly at the University of Minnesota.
Maverick
Makes a guest appearance on Maverick opposite James Garner as a cowardly villain seeking money through marriage.
Government
Attends but a Treaty is not agreed due to US opposition, the "big hole" theory
Government
Opens the American National exhibition in Moscow & has a televised "Kitchen Debate". Debates capitalism on TV with Khrushchev in a model kitchen in the US exhibition
International Trade Mart Tower Development
Shaw helped advance development of the thirty-three-story International Trade Mart Building as part of his long business career.
Break With Castro
Sturgis left his earlier pro-Castro position and moved into opposition to the Cuban government.
Lewis McWillie Association
The HSCA described Lewis McWillie as one of Ruby's closest friends and noted McWillie's business and personal ties to organized crime figures including Meyer Lansky and Santos Trafficante.
Possible Trafficante Meeting
The HSCA developed circumstantial evidence that Ruby may have met Santos Trafficante in Cuba, but concluded that the evidence was insufficient to determine conclusively whether the meeting occurred.
FBI
An FBI agent who opens a case file on Oswald after his defection to the Soviet Union
Civil Disobedience
Visits India to study nonviolence and civil disobedience
The Measure of A Man
Writes "The Measure of A Man", from which the piece "What is Man?", an attempt to sketch the optimal political, social, and economic structure of society, is derived
What is Man?
Writes "The Measure of A Man", from which the piece "What is Man?", an attempt to sketch the optimal political, social, and economic structure of society, is derived
FBI
An FBI agent who opens a case file on Oswald after his defection to the Soviet Union
Medal of Freedom
Posthumously awarded the Medal of Freedom and the Sylvanus Thayer Award
Sylvanus Thayer Award
Posthumously awarded the Medal of Freedom and the Sylvanus Thayer Award
Nobel Prize
Shares the Nobel Prize in Physics for discovering the antiproton.
Gravitational Redshift
Rebka works with Pound on the laboratory detection of gravitational redshift
Gravitational Redshift
Pound measures gravitational redshift on Earth and tests a key prediction of general relativity
Pound-Rebka Experiment
Confirms gravitational redshift in a laboratory test of general relativity.
Gravitational Redshift
Measures gravitational redshift with Glen Rebka using the Mossbauer effect.
Berkeley Research
Moves to Berkeley and conducts research across high-energy physics, weak currents, broken symmetries and scattering theory.
Monolithic Integrated Circuit
Develops the planar monolithic integrated circuit using silicon and metal interconnections.
World Champion
Patterson made four successful title defenses but his reign comes to an end when Swedens Johansson knocked him out in the third round
IAEA Fellowship Programme Expansion
Oversees rapid expansion of IAEA fellowships and specialist training placements for scientists and engineers from Member States.
Rapid Rotation of Andromeda Nucleus
Detects rapid rotation in the compact nucleus of M31 with colleagues, evidence later understood in the context of a massive central black hole.
Secretary
Appointed Secretary General of the Workers Party
Secretary General
Appointed Secretary General of the Defence Ministry
Bosnian Story
Publication of "Young Miss". Publication of "Bosnian Story"
Young Miss
Publication of "Young Miss". Publication of "Bosnian Story"
Arrest of Kenneth David Kuanda
While Kaunda is in prison, Mainza Chona and other nationalists break away from the ANC and, in October 1959, Chona becomes the first President of the United National Independence Party (UNIP), the successor to ZANC. Kaunda is sentenced to nine months imprisonment, which he spent first in Lusaka, then in Salisbury (Harare)
Zambian African National Congress
The Zambian African National Congress is banned
Drafts Ivan Denisovich Story
Solzhenitsyn wrote the camp narrative later published as One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich.
Lessing Prize Acceptance Speech
Arendt delivered reflections on humanity in dark times when accepting the Lessing Prize.