1960
Administration Moves to Dharamsala
The Tibetan administration in exile relocates from Mussoorie to Dharamsala.
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Browse historical records dated to 1960. Records are rendered from the World History Database into this page's initial HTML.
The Tibetan administration in exile relocates from Mussoorie to Dharamsala.
Mali is admitted to United Nations membership shortly after proclaiming the republic.
The government enacted an agrarian reform law intended to redistribute land and modernize rural production.
Beerli supervises aircrew preparation and aviation planning.
French authorities agree in principle to financial and economic measures intended to isolate Algeria.
Benenson stumbles across an article in The Daily Telegraph about two Portuguese students imprisoned for a simple toast to freedom while riding the tube, Enraged at the injustice, Benenson begins an international organisation
Eisenhower approves continued development of the amphibious invasion concept.
The ANC is banned until 1990. Membership of the ANC & the PAC is punishable by imprisonment
The ANC decides to go underground & dispense with its constitutional procedures
The PAC announces it will launch its anti-pass law campaign, seperate from the ANC
After the Sharpville massacre the ANC & PAC are banned
The ANC & PAC are banned by the Unlawful Organisations Act
Government bans the ANC and PAC under new legislation.
Announces the banning of the ANC and PAC.
Faces repression as emergency powers restrict political activity.
Supports clandestine political structures under intensified repression.
The achievement marks animals returned from orbit as an important Russian scientific milestone.
Takes part in nuclear disarmament protest activity.
Seeks arrest as part of the PAC anti-pass campaign.
Announces that the PAC will begin its anti-pass campaign.
Refuses to accept the apartheid court's moral legitimacy.
Authorises instructions for the 21 March campaign.
Defends pass burning as a moral protest against discriminatory law.
Urges peaceful resistance to the pass system after Sharpeville.
Questions whether existing apartheid policies can continue unchanged.
Suggests the name Apollo for NASA lunar spacecraft work.
Kerensky develops his views through army reform after 1917.
Israeli agents kidnap Eichman in Buenos Aires, Argentina
The Israeli Prime Minister David Ben-Gurian announces that Eichmann has been arrested
The Israeli Prime Minister David Ben-Gurian announces that Eichmann has been arressted
Arrested for 5 months
David Pratt shoots Verwoerd at the Rand Easter Show.
Narrowly escapes an assassination attempt
Works within clandestine structures as legal political activity closes.
The Beatles make their debut in Hamburg, West Germany, with Stu Sutcliffe on bass and Pete Best on drums
The Silver Beatles are renamed The Beatles for their 1st professional engagement at Neston Institute
The Beatles open at the Indra night-club
The Beatles make their debut at the Indra Club
Harrison is deported from Hamburg for being under age
The Silver Beatles are renamed The Beatles for their 1st professional engagement at Neston Institute
The Beatles make their debut in Hamburg, West Germany, with Stu Sutcliffe on bass and Pete Best on drums
The Beatles open at the Indra night-club
The Beatles make their debut at the Indra Club
Sutcliffe stays with Astrid Kirchherr when it was time to go home, so McCartney takes over bass
The Silver Beatles are renamed The Beatles for their 1st professional engagement at Neston Institute
The Beatles make their debut in Hamburg, West Germany, with Stu Sutcliffe on bass and Pete Best on drums
The Beatles open at the Indra night-club
The Beatles make their debut at the Indra Club
Sutcliffe stays with Astrid Kirchherr when it was time to go home, so McCartney takes over bass
The Beatles make their debut in Hamburg, West Germany, with Stu Sutcliffe on bass and Pete Best on drums
Allan Williams starts to manage the Beatles after they had played in his Jacaranda club
Oswald began work at the Belorussian Radio and Television Factory on January 13, 1960, as a metal worker.
Israel publicly announces that Eichmann is in custody.
A financial & economic blockade of Algeria is agreed in principle
The OAS explode 70 bombs in Algiers
Border friction takes place with Nepal
The government breaks diplomatic relations with Belgium during the Congo Crisis.
Dulles and Bissell brief President-elect Kennedy on the developing Cuban invasion plan.
Speaks of the "national legitamacy that I incarnate & have done for 20 years". After "laffaire des barricades" in Algiers appeals for order
Forbids anyone to follow the orders of the rebellious generals in Algeria. Condemns the 4 retired generals leading the rebellion in Algeria
Lumumba joins Congolese delegates negotiating the timetable and framework for independence.
Expresses misgivings about government policy after Sharpeville.
Uses mass voluntary arrest to challenge the pass system.
Nixon argues for firm action against Castro during the presidential campaign.
Kennedy criticises Castro and supports stronger opposition to the Cuban government.
Secures passage of the Canadian Bill of Rights.
Leads tens of thousands from Langa toward central Cape Town.
Troops loyal to Mobutu capture Lumumba during his attempted journey eastward.
Israeli agents capture Eichmann near his Argentine residence.
Transfers power back to elected civilian government
The Central Cross-Island Highway opens to traffic, completing one of Taiwan’s most ambitious infrastructure projects of the period.
Approves CIA training and equipment for Cuban exiles against Castro.
Bomboko leads the technical administration established after Mobutu neutralises rival political authorities.
Becomes chairman of the Labour Party's National Executive Committee for the 1960-1961 political year.
Becomes Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet, serving as the Soviet Union's head of state.
Becomes first Chief Minister after ministerial government is introduced
Rasco's Christian Democratic Movement participates in the Democratic Revolutionary Front formed to coordinate opposition to Castro.
Bissell supervises the officers developing the exile invasion operation.
Signs the Civil Rights Act of 1960, strengthening federal protection of voting records and enforcement procedures.
Kasa-Vubu formally appoints the temporary College of Commissioners backed by Mobutu.
Wins a small majority of white referendum votes to South Africa out of the Commonwealth
Khruschev demands Eisenhower stop U-2 spying over Russia, he refuses
Before the Summit Khruschev demands Eisenhower stop U-2 spying over Russia, he refuses
Attends the Allied Summit in Paris
Attends the Allied Summit in Paris
The Paris Summit ends after Khruschev walks out, MacMillan spent 2 yrs organising it
Supports United Nations involvement as the newly independent Congo descends into political and military crisis.
Serves as prime minister as the Congo becomes independent from Belgium on 30 June 1960.
Becomes commander of the renamed national army as the Force Publique mutiny destabilizes the new state.
Under article 16 of the Constitution de Gaulle assumes dictatorial emergency powers
The ANC decides to go underground & dispense with its constitutional procedures
During a vote of confidence Verwoerd announces a referendum on the republic
90.5% of whites vote, 850,458 in favour of a republic & 775,878 against
II participates in constitutional reform connected with Jordanian political and historical developments.
Remains Crown representative while voters approve a future republic.
Nasser marks the start of construction by initiating blasting at the project site.
Rejects his dismissal and announces that President Kasa-Vubu has instead been removed from office.
Organizes right-wing forces against Kong Le's neutralists
Leads a failed attempt by paratroopers to besiege the Palace of President Diem
Leads a military coup in Vientiane and calls for Lao neutrality
Lumumba is placed under informal house arrest at the Prime Minister's residence, United Nations troops are positioned around the house to protect him. A coup endorsed by the CIA and organized by Colonel Joseph Mobutu removes Lumumba from office
A coup endorsed by the CIA and organized by Colonel Joseph Mobutu removes Lumumba from office
Herter participates as the administration authorises covert action planning against Castro.
Eisenhower approves a covert programme supporting Cuban opposition to Castro.
Eisenhower authorises the CIA programme to organise, train and equip Cuban opponents of Castro.
After visiting Cuba, Hunt recommended disabling major radio and television transmitters around the time of an invasion to hinder government mobilization.
Arcacha Smith established the Cuban Democratic Revolutionary Front in New Orleans as part of organized anti-Castro exile activity.
Droller recruits and maintains contact with anti-Castro exile organisations.
Hunt helps recruit Cuban exiles for political and paramilitary preparation.
Dulles oversees CIA recruitment of anti-Castro Cuban exiles in Florida.
King's division begins screening Cuban political figures for a future exile front and covert political programme.
Bissell receives responsibility for developing the CIA operation authorised by Eisenhower.
Esterline manages the CIA project responsible for preparing the invasion force.
Challenges government allegations against Congress Alliance leaders.
Testifies as government allegations against Congress leaders are challenged.
50,000 demonstrate against the pass laws in the township of Langa
Lemus is overthrown by a military and civilian coup
Kasa-Vubu announces Lumumba's dismissal amid a constitutional struggle over executive authority.
Wins Bevan's former seat for Labour.
Records a message transmitted in connection with the Echo I communications-satellite experiment.
Announces plans to double Japans income over the decade
John Lennon leaves Liverpool College of Art
Welcomes US President Dwight Eisenhower to Taiwan and issues a joint communiqué affirming opposition to Communist expansion.
Wins 166 votes to Harold Wilson's 81 to retain the leadership of the Labour Party
During a televised debate with Kennedy Nixon appears drawn & makes the mistake of using "lazy shave" face powder
Defeats Richard Nixon by 49.9% to 49.6% of the popular vote
Resigns afte alleged election irregularities
Contests the party leadership, wins 81 votes to Gaitskell's 166
Parliament elects Kasa-Vubu as the first President of the independent Congo.
Is detained during the state of emergency crackdown.
Is detained with thousands of activists during the emergency.
Is caught in the government crackdown on ANC leadership.
Emergency regulations expand government powers following Sharpeville.
Emergency powers permit mass detention and restrictions on meetings.
The Hansen Premiership ends in Copenhagen, concluding this term as Prime Minister of Denmark.
Completes the Second Presidential Term as President of Iceland.
The Second Siroky Government ends in Prague, concluding this term as Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia.
Lumumba leaves confinement and attempts to reach supporters in Stanleyville.
Goes into exile after the collapse of the third Algiers rebellion
Flies to Algiers from Spain
Droller establishes contacts with anti-Castro organisations considered for CIA support.
Hunt helps organise recruitment of Cuban exiles for the covert programme.
Orders Soviet and Eastern Bloc advisers to leave after his political neutralisation of rival civilian authorities.
Begins building international support for sanctions and political pressure.
Begins a Far East trip covering the Philippines, Taiwan and Korea after the planned Japan visit becomes untenable.
The federal government moves from Karachi to temporary offices in Rawalpindi.
Coaches Real Madrid to a 7-3 European Cup final victory over Eintracht Frankfurt.
Kennedy receives his first detailed briefing on the planned Cuban exile operation.
Coaches Real Madrid to a 5-1 second-leg victory over Penarol and the Intercontinental Cup.
II participates in foreign policy connected with Jordanian political and historical developments.
Lumumba forms a coalition government shortly before national independence.
Arrives in Francistown while travelling north from South Africa.
Uses his United Nations appearance to advocate general and complete disarmament under international arrangements.
France tests its first atomic weapon in Algeria.
France detonates Gerboise Bleue in Algeria and becomes the fourth state to test a nuclear weapon.
Defends government security policy amid international condemnation.
Appointed Governor of General of Nigeria
Directs national emergency and reconstruction measures after the devastating Valdivia earthquake.
Greeted by rioters in Rhodesia
Beerli helps organise aviation training facilities for exile B-26 crews.
Hawkins develops infantry and amphibious training for the exile force.
Nixon campaigns on a hard line toward Castro during the presidential election.
Appointed Head of State for the GDR, 2nd term
Appointed Head of State for the GDR
Elected Cambodian Head of State after the death of King Suramarit
Senghor assumes the head of state role after independence
Elizabeth II confirms that she and her descendants will be known as the House and Family of Windsor, and further provided that their personal surname, whenever one should be needed, is "Mountbatten-Windsor"
Is charged with incitement alongside Robert Sobukwe.
Is charged with incitement following the anti-pass campaign.
Delivers a forceful independence speech condemning colonial humiliation and asserting Congolese dignity.
In a speech to MPs in the Houses of Parliament in Cape Town, Mr Macmillan spoke of the "wind of change" blowing through the continent of Africa
Senegal becomes independent
In a speech to MPs in the Houses of Parliament in Cape Town, Mr Macmillan spoke of the "wind of change" blowing through the continent of Africa
British Somaliland (now Somalia) gains independence from Britain
Italian Somaliland declares independence from Italian-administration
Lumumbas rule is marked by political disruption when the province of Katanga declares independence under Tshombe with Belgian support
Senegal becomes independent
Italian Somaliland declares independence from Italian-administration
Lumumbas rule is marked by political disruption when the province of Katanga declares independence under Tshombe with Belgian support
Ayub Khan and Jawaharlal Nehru sign the Indus Waters Treaty.
Nehru and Pakistani President Ayub Khan sign the Indus Waters Treaty governing the use of the Indus river system.
Sardina's Institutional Democratic Movement joins the exile Democratic Revolutionary Front supported by the covert programme.
Eisenhower reviews the invasion concept with senior intelligence, defence and diplomatic officials.
Malraux presides over the ceremony inaugurating UNESCO's international safeguarding campaign.
Prime Minister Ben-Gurion says he will stand trial.
Allan Williams starts to manage the Beatles after they had played in his Jacaranda club
Cancels a planned visit to Japan amid intense political demonstrations over the revised security treaty.
Continues toward Tanganyika on the ANC external mission.
Junta of Government takes power after the fall of Lemus
Begins the Kampmann Premiership in Copenhagen and serves as Prime Minister of Denmark.
Declares Katanga independent from the central government during the opening phase of the Congo Crisis.
Bissell joins Dulles in briefing President-elect Kennedy on the invasion concept.
Khruschev demands Eisenhower stop U-2 spying over Russia, he refuses
Supports the biological mission carrying Belka and Strelka safely through orbit.
Visits South Korea during the Far East tour and meets leaders and American personnel.
Leads Langa residents to surrender themselves for arrest.
Launches the Worlds longest liner at St Nazaire
His challenge reveals deep Labour divisions after the 1959 general election defeat.
Receives support from Labour MPs critical of Gaitskell's stance on nuclear disarmament.
Remains on the Labour front bench after Gaitskell is re-elected leader of the party.
Stands as the left-wing challenger to Hugh Gaitskell in the Labour leadership ballot.
Wins 81 votes in the only ballot but fails to remove Hugh Gaitskell as party leader.
Challenges Hugh Gaitskell for the Labour leadership and wins 81 votes against Gaitskell's 166.
Leaves South Africa shortly before the anti-pass campaign.
Leaves South Africa on instructions from the ANC leadership.
The ANC & PAC are banned by the Unlawful Organisations Act
The Referendum Act is passed
Calls a meeting to discuss the case of Lei Chen and the Free China journal amid a wider crackdown on political dissent.
Is appointed Lord Privy Seal with responsibility for European negotiations.
MacMillan makes a speech before the South African Parliament, the "winds of change"
Rejects external pressure to dismantle the apartheid system.
Accepts the job of manager at Dunfermline, after only 6 weeks in charge, Stein leads them clear of relegation
The Marine Corps Reserve changed Lee's discharge status to undesirable on September 13, 1960, while he was living in the Soviet Union.
Persuades the huge crowd to disperse peacefully after negotiations.
The ANCs Day of Mourning for the Sharpeville Massacre
World opinion turns against apartheid. Over 400 are wounded, including women & children. For the 1st time the United Nations intervenes in South Africa. Black protestors are massacred protesting against apartheid pass laws, 69 are killed. After the Sharpville massacre the ANC & PAC are banned
King's division surveys Miami for covert offices, safehouses and recruiting facilities for anti-Castro operations.
Hawkins directs detailed military planning and training for the Cuban project.
Oswald arrived in Minsk on January 7, 1960, where Soviet officials arranged accommodation and employment.
Lee obtained a Soviet hunting license on June 18, 1960, while living and working in Minsk.
Mobutu announces political neutralisation and establishes a temporary College of Commissioners.
He is secretly held before removal to Israel.
Calls a national day of mourning for Sharpeville victims.
Becomes a leading figure associated with the National Liberation Front
Cuba nationalizes major US-owned refineries, utilities and industrial assets
Leads a coup calling for neutrality as Laos becomes central to the wider Vietnam War
Forms a neutralist government after the August coup
A B-52 bomber carrying two 24 megaton bombs crashes, one of the bombs, five of six interlocking safety devices fail, and a single switch prevents detonation, the explosion would have been 1,800 times more powerful than Hiroshima
The Joint Strategic Target Planning Staff complete SIOP-62, plans for the launch of more than 3,000 nuclear weapons, including hundreds of hydrogen bombs, to attack in the first few hours of conflict 1,000 targets in Communist countries
France explodes its first atomic bomb in the Sahara desert, it has a yield of 60-70 kilotons
Communist China launches its first ballistic missile
McCone discussed the status of the test moratorium with President Eisenhower and reviewed technical questions with the Joint Committee on Atomic Energy.
Roy Orbison releases "Only the Lonely"
Organizes the United Nations response after the Security Council authorizes military assistance to the Congo.
Supports Saudi Arabia joining the five founding members of OPEC.
Represents Saudi Arabia at the conference establishing OPEC.
Begins a South American goodwill mission known as Operation Amigo, visiting Brazil, Argentina, Chile and Uruguay.
Eisenhower approves a thirteen-million-dollar budget for the covert Cuban operation.
Eisenhower approves additional funding for training, aircraft and covert facilities.
Participates in coordinated defiance against pass restrictions.
Supports national resistance to the pass laws.
Joins public defiance against the pass system after Sharpeville.
Joins Mandela and Nokwe in publicly rejecting pass controls.
Presents himself at Orlando police station without a pass.
Overthrown by Kong Le neutralist military coup
The ANC & PAC are banned by the Unlawful Organisations Act. Membership of the ANC & the PAC is punishable by imprisonment
The ANC & PAC are banned by the Unlawful Organisations Act. Membership of the ANC & the PAC is punishable by imprisonment
Calls for disciplined nonviolent protest against compulsory passes.
Begins organising international representation for the PAC.
Faces prosecution for organising the PAC anti-pass campaign.
Faces prosecution with other PAC leaders after Sharpeville.
Urges supporters to leave passes at home and surrender peacefully.
Lansdale participates in a Special Group briefing on the status and timing of paramilitary preparations.
Leaves the Paris summit after the United States refuses his demands over the U-2 reconnaissance programme.
Demands an American apology and an end to U-2 reconnaissance flights after the capture of pilot Francis Gary Powers.
Lumumba's political alliance emerges as the largest grouping in the national elections.
Appointed Parliamentary Secretary at the Ministry of Pensions & National Insurance
Parliament rejects the competing dismissal orders and confirms support for Lumumba's government.
Burns his pass during the ANC protest in Orlando.
Publicly burns his reference book in protest against pass laws.
Burns his pass with other ANC leaders in Orlando.
Burns his pass publicly alongside other ANC leaders.
Burns his pass during the coordinated ANC protest.
Faces trial for publicly destroying his reference book.
The PAC announces it will launch its own anti-pass law campaign
Publicly burns his pass during a demonstration
The ANCs national stay-at-home day. The ANCs Day of Mourning for the Sharpeville Massacre
50,000 demonstrate against the pass laws in the township of Langa
1st day of the ANC campaign against the Pass Laws
Anti-Pass Law deptutations are sent to local authorities
Publicly burns his pass in front of the press
Publicly burns his pass in front of the press
The PAC announces it will launch its anti-pass law campaign, seperate from the ANC
Leads an anti-pass campaign
Government restores enforcement of pass laws after temporary suspension.
Pass controls resume during the post-Sharpeville emergency.
Begins a state visit to the Philippines during his final year in office.
A CIA biographical record stated that Fiorini planned to return to Cuba to fight Castro in December 1960.
A CIA biographical record stated that Fiorini planned to leave Florida on December 16, 1960, to return to Cuba and fight against Castro.
The OAS attempt to assassinate de Gaulle as a last hope to save French Algeria
Verwoerd is shot in the head by a Transvaal farmer
Verwoerd resumes duties 5 weeks later. Verwoerd is shot in the head by a Transvaal farmer
USS George Washington begins the first Polaris deterrent patrol with nuclear armed submarine launched ballistic missiles
Appointed Member of Politburo
Joins thousands imprisoned following the Sharpeville crisis.
Uses the Francis Gary Powers espionage case to condemn American aerial reconnaissance over the Soviet Union.
Paz Estenssoro begins his second presidential term.
Assumes the office of President of Cyprus
Appointed President of Ecuador, 4th term
Ayub Khan receives a renewed presidential mandate from the Basic Democracies electorate.
Appointed President of the Republic of Korea, 4th term
Appointed Presidential candidate for the Democratic Party
Defeats Richard Nixon by 49.9% to 49.6% of the popular vote. Becomes the youngest ever President & the 1st Catholic. Appointed President of the USA, 35th President
When Kaunda is released from prison he is elected President of UNIP
Senghor becomes first President of independent Senegal
Dulles leads the first detailed briefing of Kennedy on the Cuban project.
Kennedy campaigns on a hard line toward Castro during the presidential election.
Defeated by John F Kennedy in the Presidential elections
Basic Democrats confirm Ayub Khan as President through an indirect referendum.
Returns to office after Kong Le neutralist coup overturns the Somsanith government
Appointed Prime Minister of Iran, 1st term
Appointed Prime Minister of Japan, 1st term
Appointed Prime Minister of Japan, 2nd term
Appointed Prime Minister of Turkey, 1st term
Prime Minister Lumumba is dismissed from Government by President Joseph Kasa-Vubu, an act of dubious legality
Prime Minister Lumumba is dismissed from Government by President Joseph Kasa-Vubu, an act of dubious legality
Ends his 1958 to 1960 prime ministerial term
Keita proclaims the independent and sovereign Republic of Mali after Senegal leaves the federation.
Barnes helps direct political and paramilitary planning under Bissell.
Esterline begins organising personnel, facilities and operational planning for the Cuban project.
Goodpaster joins the meeting where Eisenhower demands maximum urgency in preparations against Castro.
Verwoerd survives serious injuries and later resumes office.
Calls upon the rest of the Army to join the resistance to Algerian independence
Calls upon the rest of the Army to join the resistance to Algerian independence
During a vote of confidence Verwoerd announces a referendum on the republic
The Referendum Act is passed
Verwoerd announces the referendum on a republic will be held 5th October
Wins a small majority of white referendum votes to South Africa out of the Commonwealth. 90.5% of whites vote, 850,458 in favour of a republic & 775,878 against
The Referendum Act is passed
Is released from detention so he can participate in the negotiations on Congolese independence.
Mobutu's coup neutralises Lumumba's government as United States covert support shifts toward the new authorities.
Proclaims the Republic of the Congo independent from France and becomes head of the new state.
Announces that the republic referendum will occur on 5 October.
Serves as governor-general during the republic referendum.
Wins a narrow majority for creating a South African republic.
Prepares white voters to decide South Africa's constitutional status.
Lumumba's government requests United Nations military assistance following Belgian intervention.
Resigns afte alleged election irregularities
Dulles oversees development of a covert air-training base in Guatemala.
Withdraws toward the Plain of Jars after rightist forces retake Vientiane
Heads a rightist government backed by Phoumi Nosavan
Heads the rightist government opposed to Souvanna Phouma and Kong Le
Lumumbas rule is marked by political disruption when the province of Katanga declares independence under Mouse Tshombe with Belgian support
Organizes resistance to Kong Le and Souvanna Phouma from southern Laos
Israeli authorities prepare to prosecute him in Jerusalem.
Appointed Secretary for Cadres in the Central Committee Secretariat
Faces a national political crisis after police killings at Sharpeville.
Supports a nationwide stay-at-home against racial repression.
Failed infiltrations lead planners to develop a larger amphibious assault by Cuban exiles.
Paratroopers of the French Foreign Legion occupy the public buildings in Algiers
The Silver Beatles are renamed The Beatles for their 1st professional engagement at Neston Institute
The Silver Beatles are renamed The Beatles for their 1st professional engagement at Neston Institute
The Silver Beatles are renamed The Beatles for their 1st professional engagement at Neston Institute
Withdraws thousands of Soviet specialists from China, sharply worsening the dispute with Mao Zedong.
Soon after receiving his hunting license, Lee purchased a single-barrel sixteen-gauge shotgun in Minsk.
Represents the ANC in the South African United Front.
Proclaims an autonomous South Kasai state amid ethnic conflict and the wider collapse of central authority.
A Soviet agency described as the Red Cross gave Lee 5,000 rubles before his relocation from Moscow to Minsk.
McCone stated that there was no technical evidence of secret Soviet testing during the moratorium, while warning that small underground tests could escape detection.
McCone forwarded the AEC General Advisory Committee's assessment of Soviet nuclear weapons development possibilities during the testing moratorium.
Macmillans "wind of change" speech became a historical landmark, the first sign that the British Government accepted that the days of Empire were over. In a speech to MPs in the Houses of Parliament in Cape Town, Mr Macmillan spoke of the "wind of change" blowing through the continent of Africa
Makes maiden speech in Parliament
MacMillan makes a speech before the South African Parliament, the "winds of change"
Establishes a rival administration in Stanleyville claiming to preserve Patrice Lumumba's political authority.
Nasser inaugurates major construction work on the Aswan High Dam.
Under article 16 of the Constitution de Gaulle assumes dictatorial emergency powers
The Government suspends habeas corpus. The Government declares a State of Emergency. South Africa is placed under martial law
Government declares a state of emergency after Sharpeville.
Remains imprisoned as opposition leaders are detained.
Is detained after the government declares a state of emergency.
Remains imprisoned while Treason Trial proceedings continue.
Serves as governor-general during the declaration of emergency.
Soviet authorities issued Oswald an identity document for stateless persons on January 4, 1960, and assigned him to live in Minsk.
Gains approval from the cabinet to offer the NUR 5% which ia accepted
Bissell shifts planning from small infiltrations toward a large amphibious assault.
Attends the Allied Summit in Paris
Parrott coordinates Special Group notification procedures for approved supply flights over Cuba.
Is secretly flown from Argentina to Israel.
The National Assembly amends the Temporary Provisions so the incumbent President and Vice President may seek additional terms.
Directs Die tausend Augen des Dr Mabuse, his final film.
U Nu returns as Prime Minister after the 1960 election
Begins the Third Presidential Term as President of Iceland.
Is elected President for a third term after constitutional emergency provisions are amended.
Begins the Third Siroky Government in Prague and serves as Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia.
Is sentenced to three years imprisonment for incitement.
R. Narasimhan and the TIFR team complete TIFRAC, an early indigenous digital computer designed and built in India.
Ydigoras permits covert training facilities for Cuban exiles on Guatemalan territory.
Participates as the defence opens its Treason Trial case.
Gives evidence during the defence phase of the Treason Trial.
The Treaty of Mutual Security & Cooperation with the USA goes into effect
The Treaty of Mutual Security & Cooperation goes into effect
A Sino-Burmese Treaty is signed
The Israeli Prime Minister David Ben-Gurian announces Eichmann will stand trial
The Israeli Prime Minister David Ben-Gurian announces Eichmann will stand trail
Mandela 1st gives evidence at his trial
Accepts Soviet transport and logistical support after Western governments refuse the military assistance he requests.
During a televised debate with Kennedy Nixon appears drawn & makes the mistake of using "lazy shave" face powder
Soviet air defenses shoot down Francis Gary Powers's U-2 reconnaissance aircraft over Soviet territory.
Takes part in heated United Nations debates during an extended visit to New York.
Hunt made an undercover visit to Cuba to assess political conditions, public attitudes, and communications facilities before reporting to CIA superiors.
Helps reorganise ANC activity after the organisation is banned.
Helps maintain ANC organisation after the April banning.
Veronese launches an international appeal to save monuments threatened by the rising reservoir.
Khrushchev pledges support for "wars of national liberation" in an address to the United Nations
Addresses the United Nations and attacks colonialism while promoting Soviet support for newly independent states.
Keita's government receives United States recognition and establishes formal diplomatic relations.
Open political activity by both liberation movements becomes illegal.
Enforces legislation prohibiting both liberation organisations.
USS George Washington successfully fires Polaris missiles while submerged
The successful submerged launch of Polaris demonstrates the strategic value of ballistic missile submarines
Visits South Africa & says "a wind of change is blowing through the continent"
During a vote of confidence Verwoerd announces a referendum on the republic
Visits Washington seeking political and material support for the new Congolese government.
Dulles establishes a specialised CIA branch to organise covert operations against Castro.
King oversees creation of a specialised CIA branch for covert operations against Castro.
Uses the referendum result to advance republican constitutional change.
Receives Harold Macmillan's Wind of Change speech before Parliament.
Orders Soviet technical experts withdrawn from China as the Sino-Soviet split intensifies.
Birth of Andrew, gives birth to Prince Andrew
Birth of Bono, Paul David Hewson
Birth of Linford Christie
Birth of Naruhito Hironomiya, eldest son of Akihito
Birth of Steve Cram
Albert Camus dies in a motor accident near Villeblevin, aged forty-six.
Dies after a long political career.
Death of Aneurin Bevan.
Narrowly escapes an assassination attempt
Death of Clark Gable
Death of Henri Guisan
Death of Wilhelm Heinrich Walter Baade
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