1964 in History

Produces A Hard Day's Night, combining soundtrack work with a full Beatles studio album.

Serves in the Pentagon from August under Secretary of State for Defence Robert McNamara. Serves for two years in Vietnam working for General Edward Lansdale as a civilian in the State Department

Faces mounting criticism from senior party colleagues over agricultural failures, administrative reorganizations and an increasingly personal style of rule.

Arrives as ambassador and coordinates US air and covert operations in Laos

Makes his Ajax first-team debut against GVAV and scores in a 3-1 defeat.

The Kinks release All Day and All of the Night.

Asks the NSC to authorize the request of Laos & South Vietnam for armed forces

UNIP won the General Election under the new Constitution beating the ANC under Nkumbula, Kaunda is appointed Prime Minister. UNIP win the General Election under the new Constitution beating the ANC under Nkumbula, Kaunda is appointed Prime Minister

John Lennons first book, In His Own Write, is published and becomes an instant best-seller

Releases Another Side of Bob Dylan.

Warren's commission examined allegations involving anti-Castro Cuban groups and individuals to determine whether they had participated in the assassination.

Kasa-Vubu appoints Tshombe to lead a government confronting rebellions and preparing elections.

Smith becomes Prime Minister of Rhodesia after succeeding Winston Field.

President de Klerk announces his intention to release Nelson Mandela

Khomeini is released after eight months of house arrest and continues his agitation, condemning the regimes close cooperation with Israel and its capitulations, or extension of diplomatic immunity to American Government personnel in Iran

Khomeini was re-arrested and sent into exile where he remained for 14 years until the revolution

Arrested for conspiring against President Aref. Arrested for a 2nd time

The Warren Commission finds that Lee Harvey Oswald acted alone in the murder of Kennedy, and that Jack Ruby acted alone in the murder of Oswald

Joins President Gamal Abdel Nasser at ceremonies marking major progress on the Aswan High Dam.

Warren's commission reviewed the autopsy findings, Parkland Hospital evidence, medical testimony, and related material concerning President Kennedy's wounds.

Truly described to the Warren Commission how he and Marrion Baker encountered Oswald on the second floor shortly after the shots.

Warren's commission examined firearms, bullets, cartridge cases, firearms-identification testimony, and other ballistics evidence connected with the assassination and Tippit killing.

Authorizes expanded US air operations over northern Laos

His forces rely on US air support as Operation Barrel Roll expands

The Beatles begin their first US tour at the Coliseum in Washington, D.C

The Beatles release "A Hard Days Night" album

The world premiere of The Beatles A Hard Days Night takes place in London

The Beatles begin their first US tour at the Coliseum in Washington, D.C

The Beatles release "A Hard Days Night" album

The world premiere of The Beatles A Hard Days Night takes place in London

The achievement marks beloyarsk nuclear power as an important Russian scientific milestone.

Supports reactor development as Beloyarsk Unit 1 connects to the electrical grid.

Requests the US Ambassador Henry Lodge to bomb North Vietnam

The Warren Commission received Carlos Bringuier's testimony about Oswald's visits to his store, the August confrontation, and the later WDSU debate.

Publishes a spontaneous-symmetry-breaking mechanism with Robert Brout.

Announces increases in social benefits & the introduction of capital gains tax

The modern Bull Ring shopping centre opens as a major city-centre redevelopment.

Healey enters Harold Wilson's cabinet as Secretary of State for Defence.

Forms a new SLPP government after taking office as Prime Minister

Is summoned back to Moscow as party leaders prepare a coordinated challenge to his leadership.

CIA cover-up

Appointed Chairman of the Presidium of the USSR Supreme Soviet, Head of State

Appointed Chairman of the Council of Minister's for the GDR, 1st term

Alfons Gorbach forms a new Austrian Government

Appointed Chancellor of Austria

A hearing on Ruby's request to move his murder trial outside Dallas began on February 10, 1964; the trial court ultimately refused the requested change of venue.

The Vietnamese Revolutionary Council elect Phan Khac Suu as Chief of State and the former Mayor of Saigon, Tran Van Huong, as Premier, but General Nguyen Khanh retains real power under the title of Commander in Chief of the armed forces

China conducts its first nuclear test at Lop Nur and becomes the fifth nuclear-weapon state.

China tests its first atomic bomb using uranium programme infrastructure.

After China conducted its first atomic test, McCone emphasized the importance of technical collection and strategic estimates for tracking the emerging Chinese nuclear capability.

Acts as a CIA counterintelligence contact for Warren Commission matters involving Oswald's foreign contacts, Mexico City material, and Soviet defector information.

With Counterintelligence officer Ray Rocca as the main contact point, the CIA supplied the Warren Commission with information about Oswald and his wife Marina, their contacts in the Soviet Union, Oswald's trip to Mexico City, and more

Returns to Liverpool with the Beatles for a civic reception.

Signs the Civil Rights Act of 1964, prohibiting discrimination in public accommodations, employment and federally assisted programs.

Signs the Civil Rights Act of 1964, prohibiting discrimination in public accommodations, employment and federally assisted programs.

Forms a collective leadership with Alexei Kosygin and Nikolai Podgorny after Khrushchev's removal.

Paine gave a deposition connected with the Warren Commission investigation on March 21, 1964.

Paine gave additional deposition testimony connected with the Warren Commission investigation on March 23, 1964.

The Commission reported that Paine supplied Hosty's contact information to Oswald and that Marina supplied the license number recorded in his notebook.

The Warren Commission concludes that Jack Ruby acted alone when he killed Lee Harvey Oswald.

The Warren Commission used timing tests involving Truly and Baker in concluding that Oswald could have reached the second-floor lunchroom before they arrived.

The Warren Commission found that Hosty and other Dallas FBI agents did not interview Oswald between his October return to Dallas and November 22.

The Warren Commission concluded that Oswald had not served as an FBI informant, consistent with Hosty's testimony and the Bureau files it reviewed.

The Warren Commission examined whether the FBI should have referred Oswald to the Secret Service and recorded Hosty's explanation of Bureau procedures.

Warren's commission investigated numerous rumors, allegations, and theories concerning possible conspirators rather than limiting its inquiry to the physical evidence at Dealey Plaza.

Zahir Shah promulgates a constitution establishing a constitutional monarchy, elected parliament, and expanded civil rights.

Kenya becomes a republic, with Kenyatta as executive president

The Vietnamese Revolutionary Council elect Phan Khac Suu as Chief of State and the former Mayor of Saigon, Tran Van Huong, as Premier, but General Nguyen Khanh retains real power under the title of Commander in Chief of the armed forces

UNIP won the General Election under the new Constitution beating the ANC under Nkumbula, Kaunda is appointed Prime Minister. UNIP win the General Election under the new Constitution beating the ANC under Nkumbula, Kaunda is appointed Prime Minister

The first President of independent Zambia

McCone told the National Reconnaissance Program Executive Committee that he wanted CIA to retain its existing contracting responsibility for the CORONA satellite program.

McCone briefed reconnaissance officials on plans to strengthen CIA's West Coast component and consolidate Agency contracting and support functions for CORONA.

Paine voluntarily provided the Warren Commission with correspondence and written communications that had passed between her and Marina Oswald.

The PLO is founded by the Arab League with the aim of overthrowing the state of Israel

The PLO is founded by the Arab League with the aim of overthrowing the state of Israel

Paz Estenssoro is overthrown by military commanders Barrientos and Ovando.

Overthrown after Goulart distributed federal lands to peasants & doubled minimum wages

General Nguyen Khanh led a coup replacing Duong Van Minh as Prime Minister

General Nguyen Khanh led a coup replacing Duong Van Minh as Prime Minister

General Nguyen Van Thieu joins forces with Air Vice Marshall Nguyen Cao Ky in a coup against General Nguyen Khanhs Government that lasted for (260 days) from January 1964-October 1964, with the support of a neutralist coalition

General Nguyen Khanh is faced with an attempted coup, rioting and demonstrations in the northern provinces, a massive labor strike in Saigon, and an armed revolt by Montagnards

General Nguyen Khanh is faced with an attempted coup, rioting and demonstrations in the northern provinces, a massive labor strike in Saigon, and an armed revolt by Montagnards

The South Vietnamese Air Force, under the leadership of Air Marshall Nguyen Cao Ky, crushes a coup plot against General Nguyen Khanh

The South Vietnamese Air Force, under the leadership of Air Marshall Nguyen Cao Ky, crushes a coup plot against General Nguyen Khanh

General Nguyen Van Thieu joins forces with Air Vice Marshall Nguyen Cao Ky in a coup against General Nguyen Khanhs Government that lasted for (260 days) from January 1964-October 1964, with the support of a neutralist coalition

The South Vietnamese Air Force, under the leadership of Air Marshall Nguyen Cao Ky, crushes a coup plot against General Nguyen Khanh

General Nguyen Khanh led a coup replacing Duong Van Minh as Prime Minister. General Duong Van Minh is placed under house arrest, but was allowed to remain as a figurehead chief-of-state

General Nguyen Van Thieu joins forces with Air Vice Marshall Nguyen Cao Ky in a coup against General Nguyen Khanhs Government that lasted for (260 days) from January 1964-October 1964, with the support of a neutralist coalition

A sterling crisis

Under Warren's chairmanship, the commission investigated allegations that the Cuban Government or pro-Castro organizations had been involved in the assassination.

Papandreou's government supports diplomatic efforts to halt fighting in Cyprus.

Warren's commission examined Dallas Police Department records concerning Oswald's arrest, interrogation, detention, identification lineups, and the investigation of Officer Tippit's killing.

The DC5 unseat the Beatles "I Want to Hold Your Hand" from its number one spot in the British singles charts with "Glad All Over

During the commission's Dallas work, Warren examined Dealey Plaza and locations relevant to the reconstruction of the assassination.

Healey joins Harold Wilson’s Cabinet as Secretary of State for Defence.

The state adopts the name Democratic Republic of the Congo under the new constitution.

Brown was appointed to the newly created Department of Economic Affairs and Deputy Prime Minister in October 1964 hoping to institute long-term economic planning and remove some of the power of the Treasury

Truly participated in timing tests that reconstructed the route from the Depository entrance toward the second-floor lunchroom.

Appointed Deputy Commander of the Army

Brown was told that the budget deficit for the coming year was forecast at pounds 800 million, double what the Labour Party had predicted as the worst possible figure before the election, leading economic ministers were presented with three options, including devaluation of the pound sterling, to meet the crisis, they decide on a temporary surcharge on imported goods

Dismissed as First Party Secretary by a Central Committee plenum

Nasser attends the closure of the river channel and beginning of reservoir storage.

Nationalizes banks and private business under Sangkum economic policy

The Act creates programmes for job training, community action and poverty reduction.

Signs the Economic Opportunity Act, creating the Office of Economic Opportunity and major War on Poverty programmes.

Brown was appointed to the newly created Department of Economic Affairs and Deputy Prime Minister in October 1964 hoping to institute long-term economic planning and remove some of the power of the Treasury

Brown was told that the budget deficit for the coming year was forecast at pounds 800 million, double what the Labour Party had predicted as the worst possible figure before the election, leading economic ministers were presented with three options,

including devaluation of the pound sterling, to meet the crisis, they decide on a temporary surcharge on imported goods.

The Resale Price Maintenance is abolished

Johnson declares war on poverty

Appears with the Rolling Stones on The Ed Sullivan Show.

Visits Egypt and publicly celebrates Soviet-Egyptian cooperation on the Aswan High Dam.

Paz Estenssoro wins re-election with Barrientos as his vice-presidential running mate.

The Liberals win 2 seats from the Conservatives in Scotland. The Liberals win 11% of the vote & return 9 Members of Parliament

Wins the presidential election against Barry Goldwater in a landslide.

UNIP won the General Election under the new Constitution beating the ANC under Nkumbula, Kaunda is appointed Prime Minister. UNIP win the General Election under the new Constitution beating the ANC under Nkumbula, Kaunda is appointed Prime Minister

When Kaunda is released from prison he is elected President of UNIP

The Conservatives win 43.4% of votes cast & 304 MPs

Contests Finchley against Margaret Thatcher but loses by 9,000 votes

Stands unsuccesfully for the leadership of the Conservative Party, wins 15 votes

A National Opinion Poll shows Wilson with a commanding lead, 71% "brilliant"

The Labour Party wins the general election by 4 seats. The Labour Party wins 44.1 percent of votes cast & 317 MPs

Is re-elected as Member of Parliament for Huyton while leading Labour to national victory.

Defeats Alec Douglas-Home's Conservatives and ends thirteen years of Conservative government.

Leads Labour to 317 Commons seats against 304 for the Conservatives and 9 for the Liberals.

Leads Labour to a narrow general election victory.

An FBI memorandum recorded that Truly objected to a proposal to fingerprint all Texas School Book Depository employees during the continuing investigation.

Completes the Third Presidential Term as President of Iceland.

The US State Department announces that regular American economic aid to Taiwan will end in 1965 as the island’s economy strengthens.

Explains how gauge particles can acquire mass through a scalar field.

Warren's commission heard and collected testimony from eyewitnesses to the assassination, the Tippit shooting, and Oswald's subsequent movements.

Scores West Ham's second equaliser in the 3-2 FA Cup final victory over Preston North End.

Captains West Ham United to a 3-2 FA Cup final victory over Preston North End.

Fatah, a Palestinian movement for independence, makes the first terror attack on Israel and initiates the armed struggle for a state

Hosty stated under oath that Oswald had not been his informant and that he knew of no FBI effort to recruit Oswald.

FBI headquarters questioned the Dallas office about why the Hosty entry had been omitted from the earlier report on Oswald's address book.

Warren and the other commissioners completed and approved the commission's final report after reviewing the investigation, testimony, exhibits, and staff analyses.

Warren signed the commission's letter transmitting its completed report to President Lyndon B. Johnson on September 24, 1964.

After Nehru's death, Gulzarilal Nanda temporarily heads the Union government until Congress chooses a permanent successor.

The achievement marks first multi-crew spaceflight as an important Russian scientific milestone.

Succeeds Nikita Khrushchev as First Secretary of the Communist Party.

The Rolling Stones make their first major visit to the United States.

Signs the Food Stamp Act of 1964, making the food stamp programme permanent.

The Warren Commission reported that it found no evidence that a foreign government employed, persuaded, or encouraged Oswald to assassinate Kennedy.

ibn Shaker participates in foreign policy connected with Jordanian political and historical developments.

Appointed Foreign Minister

Begins the Fourth Presidential Term as President of Iceland.

The Commission concluded that Oswald's Fair Play for Cuba Committee contacts were not shown to be related to the assassination of President Kennedy.

During the flight of Gemini V, American astronauts Gordon Cooper and Pete Conrad set record with an eight day orbital flight

During the flight of Gemini V, American astronauts Gordon Cooper and Pete Conrad set record with an eight day orbital flight

Serves as general counsel to the Warren Commission and directs much of its staff investigation.

Retains Coventry East as Labour returns to government.

Retains Birmingham Stechford as Labour returns to government under Harold Wilson.

1st Government report regarding dangers of smoking is issued by Luther Terry

His government ends in Helsinki, concluding this term as Prime Minister of Finland.

1st Government report regarding dangers of smoking is issued by Luther Terry

A report submitted to the party seeks the "annihilation of the bourgeois"

Delivers the University of Michigan speech setting out the Great Society programme.

Papandreou rejects direct bilateral talks while seeking an international settlement for Cyprus.

Addresses the nation after reported attacks in the Gulf of Tonkin

On duty on the evening of the Gulf of Tonkin incident, reporting the incident to McNamara

Commands the Maddox during the first Gulf of Tonkin incident

Commands the USS Maddox during the first Gulf of Tonkin incident

Receives congressional authorization to use military force in Vietnam

George Harrison forms his own publishing company called Mornyork Ltd, later to become Harrisongs

General Duong Van Minh is placed under house arrest, but was allowed to remain as a figurehead chief-of-state

Diagnosed with cancer & resigns from office

Following completion of the report, the commission's testimony and documentary exhibits were published in 26 volumes to accompany the investigation's findings.

Receives Egypt's Hero of the United Arab Republic title during his state visit.

Appointed Home Secretary

Hosty explained how his name, telephone number, office information, and automobile license number could have reached Oswald's address book.

The HSCA Report in 1979 agrees with the Warren Report's conclusion that two bullets caused all of President Kennedy's and Governor Connally's injuries

and that both bullets were fired by Oswald from the sixth floor of the Texas School Book Depository

Defends democracy and explains the turn toward sabotage.

Produces The Who's recording of I Can't Explain.

Inaugurated Prime Minister of Northern Rhodesia

Malta is given independence after 73 years of British colonial rule

Malta is given independence after 140 years of British colonial rule

Kenya becomes a republic, with Kenyatta as executive president

Malta is given independence after 73 years of British colonial rule

Malta is given independence after 140 years of British colonial rule

Becomes an independent republic within the Commonealth under the name of Zambia

The first President of independent Zambia

In Commission testimony, Hosty described his responsibility for FBI internal-security cases involving Lee Harvey Oswald and Marina Oswald.

Multilateral sanctions are imposed by the OAS

During the Vietnam War at a rally in Saigon, General Nguyen Khanh made a statement "calling for expanding the war into North Vietnam"

McCone challenged publication of The Invisible Government after CIA concluded that the book contained numerous security disclosures as well as many significant inaccuracies.

Shows that Io strongly influences the occurrence of Jupiter's decametric radio emission.

The Rolling Stones release It's All Over Now, their first UK number one single.

Warren personally questioned Jack Ruby in the Dallas County Jail on June 7, 1964, about Oswald's killing, Ruby's motives, and allegations of conspiracy.

Seizes power from Duong Van Minh's military junta

McCone discussed Vietnam with the Joint Chiefs while questioning whether existing intelligence reporting gave policymakers a reliable picture of conditions in the field.

The Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Atomic Energy in Food and Agriculture is established.

KADUs representatives join the ranks of KANU, forming a single party

Replaces Doug Sandom and completes the classic line-up.

KADUs representatives join the ranks of KANU, forming a single party

McCone concluded that intelligence agencies had failed to anticipate the January coup by Nguyen Khanh and questioned whether warning indicators had been properly analyzed.

Khomeini is released after eight months of house arrest and continues his agitation, condemning the regimes close cooperation with Israel and its capitulations, or extension of diplomatic immunity to American Government personnel in Iran

Helps organize the party leadership move that removes Nikita Khrushchev from power.

The Kinks release their debut album Kinks.

Leads a rural insurgency in Kwilu inspired by Lumumbist politics and revolutionary organization.

Is sentenced to life imprisonment after the Rivonia Trial.

Releases Liza Jane under the name Davie Jones with the King Bees, his first commercial single.

Lone gunman theory, name given to the conclusion reached by the Warren Commission that President John F. Kennedy was assassinated by a single gunman named Lee Harvey Oswald who fired only three shots

Produces The Kinks debut single Long Tall Sally.

Begins eighteen years of continuous imprisonment on the island.

Kasa-Vubu promulgates a federal constitution expanding provincial powers and executive institutions.

Appointed Manager of Hibernian

Warren participated in commission proceedings examining Marguerite Oswald about Lee Harvey Oswald's upbringing, family background, and circumstances surrounding the assassination investigation.

Warren participated in commission proceedings examining Marina Oswald about her husband's life, activities, weapons, and conduct before the assassination.

George Harrison meets Patti Boyd for the first time on the set of "A Hard Days Night"

The achievement marks maser and laser research as an important Russian scientific milestone.

Posthumously awarded the Medal of Valor from the National Police Hall of Fame and also received the Police Medal of Honor, the Police Cross, and the Citizens Traffic Commission Award of Heroism

Elected Member of Parliament

Issues a memorandum, a "challenge to the assumptions of our current Vietnam policy"

Warren's commission examined Oswald's September 1963 trip to Mexico City and his contacts with the Soviet and Cuban diplomatic missions.

A March 1964 memo notes that "Jim [Angleton] would prefer to wait out the Commission" on documents passed to the Secret Service just after the assassination, including photos of the so-called "Mexico Mystery Man." As will be seen, the Mexico City episode is replete with circumstantial evidence of a major

CIA cover-up

Barrientos joins Ovando in the coup that removes Paz Estenssoro.

Ovando and Barrientos overthrow Paz Estenssoro and establish a military co-presidency.

Appointed Minister of Housing and Local Government in Harold Wilson's first government.

Joins Harold Wilson's government as Minister of State at the Ministry of Aviation.

During the Vietnam War at a rally in Saigon, General Nguyen Khanh made a statement "calling for expanding the war into North Vietnam"

Warren's commission studied the Dallas motorcade route, witness locations, presidential limousine evidence, and the circumstances surrounding the shooting in Dealey Plaza.

Announces the foundation of the Muslim Mosque, Inc

Announces the foundation of the Muslim Mosque, Inc

Releases My Back Pages on Another Side of Bob Dylan.

Malcolm X takes Clay on a guided tour of the United Nations building. Malcolm X announced that Clay would be granted his "X". Elijah Muhammad records a statement over the phone to be played over the radio that Clay will be renamed Muhammad (the prophet of Islam) Ali

Malcolm X takes Clay on a guided tour of the United Nations building. Malcolm X announced that Clay would be granted his "X". Elijah Muhammad records a statement over the phone to be played over the radio that Clay will be renamed Muhammad (the prophet of Islam) Ali

Malcolm X takes Clay on a guided tour of the United Nations building. Malcolm X announced that Clay would be granted his "X"

Malcolm X announces his break from the Nation of Islam

Malcolm X announces his break from the Nation of Islam

All of the Warren Commission's records are transferred to the National Archives

The unpublished portion of the Warren Commission records is initially sealed for 75 years (to 2039) under a general National Archives policy that applies to all federal investigations by the executive branch of Government

Lays out a programme for Parliament including further nationalization

General Nguyen Van Thieu joins forces with Air Vice Marshall Nguyen Cao Ky in a coup against General Nguyen Khanhs Government that lasted for (260 days) from January 1964-October 1964, with the support of a neutralist coalition

General Nguyen Van Thieu joins forces with Air Vice Marshall Nguyen Cao Ky in a coup against General Nguyen Khanhs Government that lasted for (260 days) from January 1964-October 1964, with the support of a neutralist coalition

General Nguyen Van Thieu joins forces with Air Vice Marshall Nguyen Cao Ky in a coup against General Nguyen Khanhs Government that lasted for (260 days) from January 1964-October 1964, with the support of a neutralist coalition

Hosty testified that he had never interviewed Oswald before President Kennedy's assassination.

The Warren Commission reported that it found no credible evidence that Oswald and Tippit knew each other before their encounter on November 22.

The Warren Commission reported that it found no credible evidence that Jack Ruby and Tippit knew each other before the assassination.

The youngest recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize, which is awarded to him for leading non-violent resistance to end racial prejudice in the United States

Shares the Nobel Prize for fundamental work in quantum electronics.

Shares the Nobel Prize for research leading to masers and lasers.

Greece withdraws her units from NATO

Following McCone's order, Soviet KGB defector Yuri Nosenko was brought to the United States for intensive questioning about his intelligence claims and Lee Harvey Oswald.

McCone was persuaded that Nosenko should not appear before the Warren Commission while CIA counterintelligence officers continued challenging the defector's credibility.

China, North Vietnams neighbor and ally, successfully tests an atomic bomb

Great Britain performs nuclear Test at Nevada test Site

China successfully tests its own atomic bomb, becomes the world's 5th nuclear power

Multilateral sanctions are imposed by the OAS

Kerensky develops his views through october crisis after 1917.

Japan joins the Prganisation for Economic Cooperation & Development

Authorizes expanded US air operations in northern Laos

Returns to opposition after Labour wins the 1964 general election.

During the flight of Gemini V, American astronauts Gordon Cooper and Pete Conrad set record with an eight day orbital flight

During the flight of Gemini V, American astronauts Gordon Cooper and Pete Conrad set record with an eight day orbital flight

Addresses the Organisation of African Unitys first ordinary assembly of heads of state and Governments in Cairo as a representative of the OAAU

Warren's commission examined Jack Ruby's associations and allegations involving organized crime while investigating whether Ruby's killing of Oswald was conspiratorial.

Warren's commission reconstructed Oswald's background, education, military service, Soviet defection, return to the United States, employment, politics, and personal associations.

Truly testified about hiring Oswald and described the duties Oswald performed as an order filler at the Texas School Book Depository.

Warren's commission examined the circumstances and substance of Oswald's interrogations by Dallas police between his arrest and his death.

Andrews subsequently repeated his claim regarding the phone call from Clay Bertrand asking him to defend Oswald in testimony before the Warren Commission

Visits the UK and participates in a debate at Oxford Union

Hosty explained the purpose of his early-November contacts at Ruth Paine's home and the limited nature of his conversations with Marina.

Authorities arrest Peng Ming-min and associates after they prepare a declaration advocating political reform and Taiwanese self-determination.

Paine voluntarily made her 1963 date book, calendar, address book, and telephone notation book available to the Warren Commission investigation.

The PLO is founded by the Arab League with the aim of overthrowing the state of Israel. 28 May-2 June, the PLO is founded by a combination of Arab states

Attends the Palestinian National Council which forms the PLO. A reaction to Jordan holding down the growth of East Jerusalem & the West Bank

The PLO is founded by the Arab League with the aim of overthrowing the state of Israel. The PLO Charter is put together with articles that proclaim Israel an illegal state and pledges "the elimination of Zionism in Palestine", the PLO is founded in Egypt

Syrian-based al-Fatah guerrillas of Yasser Arafat launch their 1st raid on Israel with the aim of provoking a retaliation and sparking an Arab war against Israel. Fatah, a Palestinian movement for independence, makes the first terror attack on Israel and initiates the armed struggle for a state

A reaction to Jordan holding down the growth of East Jerusalem & the West Bank

The PLO Charter is put together with articles that proclaim Israel an illegal state and pledges "the elimination of Zionism in Palestine", the PLO is founded in Egypt

Wilson enters office and reviews inherited nuclear policy including Polaris

Is sentenced for sabotage-related offences with fellow defendants.

Barrientos begins his first period as co-president within the military junta.

Ovando begins his first period as co-president within the military junta.

Appointed President of Brazil

Appointed President of Brazil after the 1964 military takeover

Appointed acting President of Brazil after the overthrow of Joao Goulart

Takes office as President of Chile and begins the Revolution in Liberty programme.

Appointed President of Italy, acting

Appointed President of Italy

Appointed President on the inauguration of the Republic of Kenya

Flag crisis in the Canal Zone produces deaths and transforms canal diplomacy

Flag riots in the Canal Zone trigger deaths and a major diplomatic crisis with the United States

Appointed President of Panama

Appointed President of Poland

The Vietnamese Revolutionary Council elect Phan Khac Suu as Chief of State and the former Mayor of Saigon, Tran Van Huong, as Premier, but General Nguyen Khanh retains real power under the title of Commander in Chief of the armed forces

The Vietnamese Revolutionary Council elect Phan Khac Suu as Chief of State and the former Mayor of Saigon, Tran Van Huong, as Premier, but General Nguyen Khanh retains real power under the title of Commander in Chief of the armed forces

The Vietnamese Revolutionary Council elect Phan Khac Suu as Chief of State and the former Mayor of Saigon, Tran Van Huong, as Premier, but General Nguyen Khanh retains real power under the title of Commander in Chief of the armed forces

The first President of independent Zambia

CIA introduced the President's Daily Brief for Lyndon Johnson, replacing earlier formats with a concise intelligence product tailored to his reading habits.

Warren's commission evaluated Secret Service procedures used during the Dallas trip and developed recommendations intended to improve presidential protection.

Takes office as Prime Minister of Finland and forms a government in Helsinki.

Appointed Prime Minister after the death of Milton Margai

Lal Bahadur Shastri becomes Prime Minister of India.

Appointed Prime Minister of Iran

Appointed Prime Minister of Russia

Appointed Prime Minister of Great Britain, first term

The Vietnamese Revolutionary Council elect Phan Khac Suu as Chief of State and the former Mayor of Saigon, Tran Van Huong, as Premier, but General Nguyen Khanh retains real power under the title of Commander in Chief of the armed forces

UNIP won the General Election under the new Constitution beating the ANC under Nkumbula, Kaunda is appointed Prime Minister

Promulgates a provisional constitution maintaining the official United Arab Republic name.

Buys Pal Recording Studio from Paul Buff and renames the facility Studio Z.

The achievement marks quantum electronics as an important Russian scientific milestone.

General Nguyen Khanh is faced with an attempted coup, rioting and demonstrations in the northern provinces, a massive labor strike in Saigon, and an armed revolt by Montagnards

Nasser praises Egyptian and Soviet workers after the Nile diversion milestone.

The Resale Price Maintenance is abolished

Sartre declines the Nobel Prize in Literature to preserve his independence from institutions.

Is removed as Communist Party First Secretary by the Central Committee and replaced by Leonid Brezhnev.

Warren presented the completed assassination report to President Johnson at the White House on September 24, 1964.

The Resale Price Maintenance is abolished

Diagnosed with cancer & resigns from office

Orders retaliatory air strikes against North Vietnamese targets after reports of attacks on U.S. destroyers in the Gulf of Tonkin.

Withdraws from public political life and lives under close state supervision outside Moscow.

Leaves the chairmanship of the Council of Ministers after his removal from party leadership.

Returns from exile as President Kasa-Vubu prepares to appoint him prime minister during the rebellion.

Public reporting brought attention to Revill's memorandum alleging that Hosty had made a stronger statement about Oswald than Hosty acknowledged.

Hosty denied Revill's allegation that he had said the FBI knew Oswald was capable of assassinating President Kennedy.

The Vietnamese Revolutionary Council elect Phan Khac Suu as Chief of State and the former Mayor of Saigon, Tran Van Huong, as Premier, but General Nguyen Khanh retains real power under the title of Commander in Chief of the armed forces

Warren's commission examined hostile right-wing political activity in Dallas and investigated whether it had any connection to President Kennedy's assassination.

Receives a life sentence at the Rivonia Trial.

Receives life imprisonment in the Rivonia Trial.

Receives life imprisonment at the end of the Rivonia Trial.

Receives life imprisonment following the Rivonia verdict.

Avoids the death penalty but faces indefinite incarceration.

Returns to Robben Island after receiving a life sentence.

Warren questioned Ruby as part of the commission's effort to determine whether Oswald's murder resulted from a conspiracy or prior arrangement.

Warren questioned Ruby about his stated reasons for killing Oswald and the circumstances that placed him in the Dallas police basement.

Warren's commission reviewed the FBI-administered polygraph examination given to Jack Ruby after Ruby repeatedly requested such a test.

When Ruby requested a lie-detector examination, Warren told him that the commission would arrange a test if Ruby and his counsel wanted one.

Becomes the only white defendant among those given life imprisonment.

Is convicted alongside other senior liberation movement leaders.

Is sentenced with Mandela and other accused leaders.

Multilateral sanctions are imposed by the OAS

Truly's testimony helped the Commission assess how quickly Baker and Truly reached the second floor after entering the building.

Hosty's testimony addressed why Oswald had not been referred to the Secret Service under the FBI procedures then used for presidential threats.

Arrives as ambassador and coordinates US covert and air operations in Laos

Appointed shadow spokesman on pensions

Heads a rebel administration in Stanleyville as Simba forces control large areas of eastern Congo.

Truly testified that Oswald routinely went to the sixth floor many times each day while collecting books for customer orders.

1st Government report regarding dangers of smoking is issued by Luther Terry

1st Government report regarding dangers of smoking is issued by Luther Terry

Under Warren's chairmanship, the commission investigated whether the Soviet Government or Soviet intelligence had directed, encouraged, or assisted Oswald.

Signs a twenty-year friendship treaty with East Germany.

McCone joined a Special Group meeting reviewing clandestine and covert activities against Cuba while the Johnson administration reconsidered its pressure campaign.

Commission investigators used timing tests involving Truly and Baker to compare their ascent with a possible descent by Oswald from the sixth floor.

Delivers his famous statement from the dock.

General Nguyen Khanh is faced with an attempted coup, rioting and demonstrations in the northern provinces, a massive labor strike in Saigon, and an armed revolt by Montagnards

Succeeds King Saud and becomes the third king of Saudi Arabia.

Is designated crown prince after King Faisal's accession.

A later FBI report to the Warren Commission included the Hosty information that had been missing from the December submission.

Directs Congolese army operations that accompany the Belgian-American hostage rescue at Stanleyville.

The HSCA Report in 1979 agrees with the Warren Report's conclusion that two bullets caused all of President Kennedy's and Governor Connallys injuries, and that both bullets were fired by Oswald from the sixth floor of the Texas School Book Depository

Warren and other commission members traveled to Dallas and inspected locations connected with the assassination, including the Texas School Book Depository.

The Rolling Stones release their debut UK album.

Releases The Times They Are a-Changin.

Warren's commission reviewed eyewitness, firearms, police-radio, and physical evidence concerning the killing of Dallas Patrolman J. D. Tippit.

Enables Johnson to use armed force to help SEATO members to "defend their freedom". Congress authorizes "measures to repel any armed attack against forces of the US"

Defends administration policy during passage of the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution

Votes against the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution

Votes against the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution

Russia signs a 20 year Treaty of fiendship with East Germany

Tried alongside Nelson Mendella

Tried alongside Nelson Mendella

Tried alongside Nelson Mendella

Opening day of Mandellas defence

Yutar sums up the prosections case against Mandela in the Rivonia trial

Tried alongside Nelson Mendella

Tried alongside Nelson Mendella

Tried alongside Nelson Mendella

Ruby's lawyers argued that he could not have received a fair trial in the city of Dallas because of the excessive publicity surrounding the case. Following Ruby's March 1964 conviction for murder with malice, Ruby's lawyers, led by Sam Houston Clinton, appealed to the Texas Court of Criminal Appeals, the

highest criminal court in Texas

Tried alongside Nelson Mendella

Yutar sums up the prosections case against Mandela in the Rivonia trial

Welcomes ratification of the Twenty-Fourth Amendment abolishing poll taxes in federal elections.

Signs the Urban Mass Transportation Act of 1964, expanding federal support for urban public transit.

Barrientos becomes vice president after running with Paz Estenssoro.

McCone proposed a covert method for independently checking reports on the progress of the South Vietnamese war and counterinsurgency effort.

Hosty testified that before November 22 he regarded Oswald as a security concern but had no information identifying him as potentially violent.

Commands Voskhod 1, the first spacecraft carrying more than one crew member.

A Secret Service report issued in December 1963, two weeks after the assassination of President Kennedy, stated that Dean Andrews said that Lee Harvey Oswald had visited Andrews office on approximately three occasions in June and July 1963, seeking legal advice from Andrews concerning his citizenship status, his wifes status

and his undesirable discharge from the Marine Corps. Andrews described his encounters with Oswald in testimony before the Warren Commission in July 1964. Andrews subsequently repeated his claim regarding the phone call from Clay Bertrand asking him to defend Oswald in testimony before the Warren Commission

The testimony of Mrs. Jean Lollis Hill was taken at 2:30 p.m. on March 24, 1964, in the office of the U.S. attorney, 301 Post Office Building, Bryan and Ervay Streets, Dallas, Tex., by Mr. Arlen Specter, assistant counsel of the President's Commission

Johnson receives the Warren Commission report on the assassination of President Kennedy.

The 889-page final report is presented to President Johnson on September 24, 1964. Concludes that Lee Harvey Oswald acted alone in the killing of Kennedy and the wounding of Texas Governor John Connally

The Warren Report is made public. The Warren Report concludes that President Kennedy was assassinated by Lee Harvey Oswald and that Oswald acted entirely alone and also concludes that Jack Ruby also acted alone when he killed Oswald two days later

Two months after the publication of its 888-page report, the Commission published twenty-six volumes of supporting documents, including the testimony or depositions of 552 witnesses and more than 3,100 exhibits. All of the Warren Commission's records are transferred to the National Archives

Inscribed with "Hunter of fascists", discovered at the end of the Warren Commission

Fears of possible Soviet or Cuban foreign involvement in the assassination necessitated the establishment of a bipartisan commission that, in turn, sought to depoliticize Oswald's role by downplaying his Communist affiliations

He insisted that the commission report should be unanimous, and so he compromised on a number of issues in order to get all the members to sign the final version.

It was an unhappy experience for Warren, who did not want the assignment. As a judge, he valued candor and justice, but as a politician he recognized the need for secrecy in some matters.

Many conspiracy theorists have attacked the commission's findings ever since, claiming that key evidence is missing or distorted and that there are many inconsistencies in the report. The Commission concluded that the assassination was the result of a single individual, Lee Harvey Oswald, acting alone.

The 888-page final report is presented to President Johnson and made public three days later

The 889-page final report is presented to President Johnson on September 24, 1964. President Johnson demanded in the name of patriotic duty that Warren head the governmental commission that investigated the assassination of John F. Kennedy.

The Warren Commission finds that Lee Harvey Oswald acted alone in the murder of Kennedy, and that Jack Ruby acted alone in the murder of Oswald. In late September 1964, after a 10-month investigation, the Warren Commission Report is published

All of the commission's records are transferred on November 23 to the National Archives. The unpublished portion of those records was initially sealed for 75 years (to 2039) under a general National Archives policy that applied to all federal investigations by the executive branch of Government, a period "intended to

serve as protection for innocent persons who could otherwise be damaged because of their relationship with participants in the case

In November 1964, two months after the publication of its 889-page report, the Commission published twenty-six volumes of supporting documents, including the testimony or depositions of 552 witnesses and more than 3,100 exhibits. 2 months after the publication of its 888-page report, the Commission publishes 26 volumes of supporting documents,

Later investigations agree with the Warren Commission's conclusion that two shots struck JFK from the rear: the 1968 panel set by Attorney General Ramsey Clark, the 1975 Rockefeller Commission, and the 1978-79 House Select Committee on Assassinations.

Lone gunman theory, name given to the conclusion reached by the Warren Commission that President John F. Kennedy was assassinated by a single gunman named Lee Harvey Oswald who fired only three shots.

The HSCA Report in 1979 agrees with the Warren Report's conclusion that two bullets caused all of President Kennedy's and Governor Connally's injuries, and that both bullets were fired by Oswald from the sixth floor of the Texas School Book Depository.

The unpublished portion of the Warren Commission records is initially sealed for 75 years (to 2039) under a general National Archives policy that applies to all federal investigations by the executive branch of Government.

including the testimony or depositions of 552 witnesses and more than 3,100 exhibits

The FBI informed the Warren Commission that Hosty's name and related information appeared in Oswald's address book.

Hosty testified before the Warren Commission about the FBI's investigation of Oswald, his Paine-house contacts, and events on November 22.

Jacqueline Kennedy provided testimony to the Warren Commission concerning what she saw and heard during the shooting in Dealey Plaza.

McCone testified before the Warren Commission about CIA information relevant to Lee Harvey Oswald and possible foreign involvement in President Kennedy's assassination.

Roy Truly testified before the Warren Commission on March 24, 1964, about Oswald's employment and events inside the Depository after the assassination.

After reviewing eyewitness and physical evidence, the Warren Commission concluded that Lee Harvey Oswald killed Dallas Patrolman J. D. Tippit.

Johnson received the Warren Commission's final report on September 24, 1964, after the commission completed its investigation of President Kennedy's assassination.

A television commercial called Daisy, promotes Democratic candidate Lyndon Johnson's presidential candidacy, invoking the fear of a nuclear war and is an element in Johnson's subsequent election

Signs the Wilderness Act, creating the National Wilderness Preservation System.

Releases With God on Our Side on the third album.

Under Warren's chairmanship, the commission began taking sworn witness testimony on February 3, 1964.

Prior to Alis fight with & defeat of Sonny Liston for his 1st World title he declares that he would "float like a butterfly and sting like a bee"

Prior to Alis fight with & defeat of Sonny Liston for his 1st World title he declares that he would "float like a butterfly and sting like a bee". Liston loses his title when he quit in his corner before the start of the seventh round, claiming he had hurt his shoulder, some believe the fight was fixed, and doubted that Listons shoulder injury was real

The Kinks release You Really Got Me.

Creates the distorted guitar sound on You Really Got Me.

You Really Got Me reaches number one in Britain.

The Kinks release You Still Want Me.

One of the largest individual gifts to the Tippit family is the $25,000 ($152,000 in 2006) that Abraham Zapruder donated after selling his film of the assassination

One of the largest individual gifts to the Tippit family is the $25,000 ($152,000 in 2006) that Abraham Zapruder donated after selling his film of the assassination

Warren's commission examined the Zapruder film and other photographic evidence to analyze the timing and sequence of shots fired at the presidential motorcade.

Release Zoot Suit under the High Numbers name.

Birth of Edward, gives birth to Prince Edward

Birth of Lorraine McIntosh, singer with Deacon Blue

Birth of Nigel Benn

Death of Henry Maitland Wilson, 1st Baron Wilson

Death of Herbert Hoover

Jawaharlal Nehru dies in office after serving as India's first Prime Minister for nearly seventeen years.

Death of Jawaharlal Nehru

Death of Paul I

Death of Peter Lorre

A Dallas jury found Ruby guilty of murdering Lee Harvey Oswald on March 14, 1964, and assessed the death penalty.

USS Turner Joy & Maddox report they have been attacked by North Vietnamese torpedo boats. The Tonkin Gulf incident is used to escalate the war in Vietnam. Claims USS Maddox was attacked 30 miles offsore not 13 miles claimed by North Vietnam. A clash that triggers U.S. bombing against North Vietnam