France gets its 1st delivery of Soviet natural gas
France gets its 1st delivery of Soviet natural gas
Historical events in 1984
655 historical records
January 198416 historical events
Death of Alexis Korner
Death of Alexis Korner, a lifelong smoker, of lung cancer
France gets its 1st delivery of Soviet natural gas
France gets its 1st delivery of Soviet natural gas
AT&T Divestiture
AT&T separates its local telephone companies under the antitrust settlement.
Restoration of Food Subsidies
Habib Bourguiba restored bread subsidies after nationwide unrest over food prices.
US & the Vatican reestablish diplomatic relations
The US & the Vatican reestablish diplomatic relations after a 117-year break
Ordnance Factories and Military Services Bill
Takes part in Commons proceedings on the Ordnance Factories and Military Services Bill.
Cruise Missile Policy
Defends Government cruise-missile policy during Commons questioning.
Death of Johny Weissmuller
Death of Johny Weissmuller
US Treaty
Russia issues a formal complaint against alleged US Treaty violations
President of Algeria
Appointed President of Algeria, 2nd term
Foreign Secretary of Brunei
Appointed Foreign Minister
Constitution of Brunei
A cabinet system of Government with the Sultan as Prime Minister
Independence of Brunei
Brunei assumes full independence
Prime Minister of Brunei
Appointed Prime Minister of Brunei
Strike
The NUM bans overtime
February 198417 historical events
Visit to Hungary
Thatcher visits Hungary, 1st Warsaw country visited as PM
Foreign Secretary of Greece
Papoulias is appointed Alternate Minister for Foreign Affairs.
Burial
Attends Andropovs funeral in the USSR
Chairman
Appointed Chairman of the Presidium of the USSR Supreme Soviet, Head of State
General
Appointed General Secretary of the Communist Party
Death of Yuri Vladimirovich Andropov
Death of Yuri Vladimirovich Andropov, aged 69
Economy of China
Russia & China sign a $1.2 billion trade agreement
Trade Agreement
Russia & China sign a $1.2 billion trade agreement
Economy of Russia
Russia & China sign a $1.2 billion trade agreement
Trade Agreement
Russia & China sign a $1.2 billion trade agreement
Meeting with Konstantin Chernenko
Margaret Thatcher meets Konstantin Chernenko
Meeting with Konstantin Chernenko
Margaret Thatcher meets Konstantin Chernenko. Calls for peaceful coexistence with the US
Withdrawal of United States Marines
United States Marine forces withdraw from Beirut to offshore positions as the multinational intervention contracts and President Amin Gemayel's government faces worsening internal military fragmentation.
Death of Mikhail Aleksandrovich Sholokhov
Death of Mikhail Sholokov
Invasion of Iraq
Iran opens a "massive" offensive against Iraq
Invasion of Iran
Iran launches a "massive" offensive against Iraq
Siege of Beirut
The Lebanese Army loses control of West Beirut
March 198471 historical events
Strike
The NCB announce closure of Cortonwood in Yorkshire sparking off the Miners Strike
Cortonwood Closure Announcement
The Coal Board announced plans affecting Cortonwood Colliery and triggered protests among Yorkshire miners.
NCB Cortonwood Decision
Plans to close Cortonwood Colliery became an immediate cause of the 1984 miners strike.
Cortonwood Closure Conflict
The accelerated closure of Cortonwood Colliery helped trigger the nationwide miners dispute.
Strike
Miners strike in South Yorkshire and some Scottish pits
Strike
The National Coal Board announces plans to cut coal output by 4 million tons to stem annual loss of $340 million a year. National Union of Mineworkers say this will mean closing 20 pits and loss of 20,000 jobs
About Face
Dave Gilmour releases his second solo album, "About Face", co-written with Pete Townshend
About Face
Dave Gilmour releases his second solo album, "About Face", co-written with Pete Townshend
Defence Estimates
Answers a parliamentary question concerning the Statement on the Defence Estimates.
Strike
Cortonwood colliery strikes over closure plans
Cancellation of May 17 Agreement
The Lebanese government cancels the 17 May 1983 agreement with Israel after Syrian opposition and domestic political pressure prevent implementation of the planned reciprocal withdrawal arrangements.
Yorkshire NUM Walkouts
Yorkshire miners began industrial action in response to proposed closures of local pits.
Pit Closures
Has a meeting with the NUM & announces there will be 20 pit closures
Miners' Strike
Faces the start of the national miners' strike.
Strike
Miners strike in South Yorkshire and some Scottish pits
Strike
The National Coal Board announces plans to cut coal output by 4 million tons to stem annual loss of $340 million a year. National Union of Mineworkers say this will mean closing 20 pits and loss of 20,000 jobs
Coal Output Reduction
The Board proposed reducing annual coal output by about four million tonnes amid plans for colliery closures.
Twenty Colliery Closures
The proposed closure of roughly twenty mines prompted miners to mobilise against extensive job losses.
NCB Production Cuts
Coal Board management proposed a reduction in production capacity and closure of high cost pits.
NCB Closure Opposition
Arthur Scargill publicly opposed the Board's proposed reduction in coal output and mine closures.
Scottish NUM Action
Scottish miners joined industrial action during the initial spread of the national coal dispute.
MacGregor Announces Output Cuts
The Coal Board proposed cutting output and closing pits it regarded as uneconomic.
Strike
The NUM executive backs nationwide strikes
Strike
The NUM National Executive supports Yorkshire & Scotland without a national ballot
NUM Executive Endorses Strike
The NUM national executive supported action in areas already on strike as the dispute broadened.
Strike
Durham and Kent coalfields join the strike
Ministry of Defence Organisation
Makes and defends proposals concerning organisation of the Ministry of Defence.
Strike
81 pits are out but 83 work normally
Strike
The National Coal Board says Britain has 23 million tons of coal in stock with another 24 million at the power stations
Strike
Union moderates call for a national strike ballot
Strike
National Union of Mineworkers (NUM) chief Arthur Scargill unites various strikes into nationwide industrial action, without a ballot
Strike
The beginning of the Miners Strike, during the 1st day 100 pits are closed down
Coal Stocks Assessment
The government and National Coal Board emphasised large coal reserves as industrial action spread across coalfields.
Coal Strike Begins
The Coal Board faced widespread stoppages as the strike moved beyond individual Yorkshire pits.
NCB Stockpile Position
The Board cited coal stocks at mines and power stations as part of its assessment of the strike.
Welsh Coalfield Strike
Miners in South Wales participated in the strike against coal closures and loss of jobs.
NUM Strike Without National Ballot
The union supported area based strike action without conducting a single national vote of all members.
MacGregor Faces Miners Strike
Nationwide industrial action challenged the chairmans restructuring plans in March 1984.
Nottinghamshire Flying Pickets
Pickets from other coalfields travelled to working Nottinghamshire collieries hoping to persuade miners to stop work.
Defence Expenditure
Addresses Commons questions on defence expenditure.
Falkland Islands Defence
Addresses Commons questions concerning defence of the Falkland Islands.
Trident Programme
Addresses Commons questions concerning the Trident programme.
Strike
The High Court orders miners leaders to stop backing roving pickets
Strike
Violent picketing shuts down more mines. 132 pits shut. Some 136,000 of Britain's 175,000 miners now on strike
Bishop
Nominated as Bishop of Durham
Mine Access Injunction
The Coal Board sought legal relief against some forms of mass picketing during the dispute.
NCB Picketing Litigation
NCB legal action sought to restrain forms of flying picketing around working pits.
MacGregor Seeks Legal Protection
The Coal Board resorted to courts as mass picketing affected access to some working collieries.
Strike
the flying pickets outside Ollerton colliery
Ollerton Picket Death
Miner David Jones died after an incident during picketing at Ollerton in Nottinghamshire.
Strike
The Government dispatches 3,000 extra police to the Midlands
Accords of Nkomati
Mozambique & South Africa end hostilities. 1st agreement signed between South Africa & a black nation
Nkomati Accord
Signs a non-aggression accord with Mozambique.
Non-Aggression Agreement with Mozambique
Seeks limits on cross-border support for armed opposition movements.
Accords of Nkomati
Mozambique & South Africa end hostilities
Strike
The Midlands, Northeast and Northwest miners vote against strike
Strike
The Midlands, Northeast and Northwest miners vote against strike
Strike
Some 8,000 police guard mines roadblocks across Midlands in the biggest police operation in a labor dispute since the 1926 general strike
Strike
Some 8,000 police guard mines roadblocks across Midlands in the biggest police operation in a labor dispute since the 1926 general strike
Nottinghamshire Police Roadblocks
Police deployments and roadblocks restricted the movement of flying pickets approaching Nottinghamshire collieries.
Death of John Winston Lennon
An opening ceremony is held for Strawberry Fields, an area in New York Citys Central Park dedicated to John Lennon
Strawberry Fields
An opening ceremony is held for Strawberry Fields, an area in New York Citys Central Park dedicated to John Lennon
Territorial Army Expansion
Announces a further phase of plans to expand and reorganise the Territorial Army.
Death of Ahmed Sekou Toure
Death of Ahmed Sekou Toure
Bryukhanov Unit Four Full Power
Leads the station when Unit 4 reaches its 1,000-megawatt design output more than three months ahead of schedule.
Strike
The Kent NUM loses its case against the Government. The Kent NUM challenge the Governments right to turn away pickets
Strike
Sets up a special committee to deal with the Miners Strike
Capture of Majnoon Islands
Iran captures Iraqs oil-rich Majnoon Islands
Capture of Majnoon Islands
Iran captures Iraqs oil-rich Majnoon Islands
Government
The mainly US Multi-National Force is forced out of Beirut
Strike
Closes down a Yorkshire colliery, 55,000 miners go on strike
April 198418 historical events
Indian Manned Spaceflight
Satish Dhawan leads ISRO when Rakesh Sharma begins the first spaceflight by an Indian citizen aboard Soyuz T-11.
Coup
General Conte assumes power in Guinea
Rakesh Sharma Spaceflight
Rakesh Sharma becomes the first Indian citizen to travel into space aboard the Soviet Soyuz T-11 mission.
The NeverEnding Story
Directs The NeverEnding Story.
Strike
London demonstration in support of the miners
Zee
Rick Wright releases a self-titled album of his collaboration with Dave Harris, "Zee"
5.01 a.m. (The Pros And Cons Of Hitch Hiking)
Roger Waters releases his first solo single, "5.01 a.m. (The Pros And Cons Of Hitch Hiking)"
Strike
Scargill vetoes a national ballot on the miners strike
Strike
Scargill vetoes a national ballot on the miners strike
Operation Meghdoot
India launches Operation Meghdoot and deploys troops to secure strategic positions on the Siachen Glacier.
Bilafond La Deployment
Sanjay Kulkarni reaches Bilafond La during Operation Meghdoot as Indian troops establish positions on the Saltoro Ridge.
Yvonne Fletcher Shooting
A shot from the Libyan diplomatic mission kills police officer Yvonne Fletcher during a protest.
NUM Conference Rejects Ballot
Delegates at a special conference supported continuing action without a new national strike ballot.
Siachen Armed Clash
Pakistani and Indian troops clash on the Siachen front after both sides establish positions in the high mountains.
Yorkshire Coal For Steel
Yorkshire NUM leader Jack Taylor helped arrange limited coal supplies for the steel industry.
Strike
The NUM Special Delegate Conference votes to reduce the majority needed for a strike
President of Iceland
Appointed President of Iceland, 2nd term
Siachen Conflict
Zia-ul-Haq's government deploys Pakistani forces after India occupies key positions on the Saltoro Ridge near Siachen.
May 198431 historical events
Strike
Rival groups of miners throw stones and hurl bricks at each other when 5,000 working miners stage a right-to-work march
Strike
Rival groups of miners throw stones and hurl bricks at each other when 5,000 working miners stage a right-to-work march
Nottinghamshire May Demonstration
Working miners in Nottinghamshire staged a protest asserting their right to continue working.
Strike
10,000 miners march through London to Parliament. Police arrest 110
Strike
The Opposition Labour Party accuses the Government of intervening directly to defeat the miners. The Government denies it interfere in any Coal Board settlement
Nottinghamshire Mansfield March
Miners and supporters demonstrated in Mansfield as local tensions over the strike deepened.
European Cup Winners Cup Triumph
Zbigniew Boniek plays for Juventus as the Italian club defeats Porto 2-1 in the European Cup Winners Cup final, adding a major continental trophy to his career.
Government
A small polyp is removed from Reagans colon
Paris, Texas
Paris, Texas wins the Palme d'Or at Cannes.
1984 FA Cup Final Header
Andy Gray adds Evertonโs second goal against Watford, sealing the clubโs fourth FA Cup triumph under Howard Kendall.
FA Cup Final Opening Goal
Graeme Sharp scores Evertonโs opening goal against Watford in the 1984 FA Cup final as the club secures a 2โ0 victory.
Exile of Andrei Sakharov
Passes papers to US diplomats which request his wife be given asylum in the US embassy
Election
Elected President of Germany
Strike
Scargill insists pitts must close on the basis of exhaustion. Negotiations begin with the NUM
Strike
Negotiations begin with the NCB, Scargill says only exhausted pits should close
Coal Board Talks Open
Board representatives met NUM officials in an effort to resolve the dispute over closures.
NCB Talks With NUM
Coal Board and NUM officials held discussions over colliery closures and the criteria used to close pits.
MacGregor Begins Union Talks
MacGregor's organisation entered discussions with NUM representatives about closure procedures.
Strike
Miners try to force the closure of the Sheffield steel plant & confront the police
NUM Orgreave Picketing
Arthur Scargill supported mass picketing at Orgreave as miners attempted to disrupt coke movements.
First Orgreave Mass Picket
Arthur Scargill backed the attempt by striking miners to disrupt coke deliveries from the Orgreave plant.
Arrest of Arthur Scargill
Scargill arrested on Orgreave picket line
Strike
Scargill arrested on Orgreave picket line
European Cup
Guides Liverpool to European Cup victory over Roma.
NUM Leader Arrested
Police arrested Arthur Scargill at Orgreave during picketing linked to the miners strike.
Scargill Arrest At Orgreave
Police arrested NUM president Arthur Scargill during a day of confrontation outside Orgreave.
President of Salvador
Appointed President of Salvador
European Parliament Address
Mitterrand addressed the European Parliament and urged renewed political momentum for European integration.
The Pros And Cons Of Hitch Hiking
Roger Waters releases his first solo album, "The Pros And Cons Of Hitch Hiking"
Manager
Ball resumes his managerial career iwith Portsmouth and was a huge success
Government
Duarte visits Washington & persuades Congress to provide more military aid to Salvador
June 198444 historical events
President Takes Office
Duarte becomes elected President during the Salvadoran Civil War
Born in the USA
Releases Born in the USA, the album that turns him into a global pop and rock superstar.
Operation Blue Star
Indira Gandhi orders Operation Blue Star against armed Sikh militants inside the Golden Temple complex.
Operation Blue Star
Indian forces assault the Golden Temple complex during Operation Blue Star against armed Sikh militants.
Time After Time
Cyndi Laupers "Time After Time" becomes #1 in the USA
Orgreave Police Deployment
Large police deployments confronted mass pickets near the coking plant during the strike.
Strike
10,000 miners march through London to Parliament. Police arrest 110. Opposition Labor Party accuses Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher's Conservatives of intervening directly to defeat miners. Government affirms it will not interfere in any Coal Board settlement with miners
NUM London Demonstration
Thousands of striking miners and supporters marched to Parliament to publicise their dispute.
Arrest of Bogdan Lis
A high official of the banned Solidarity union is arrested
Camouflage
Releases Camouflage, featuring production and guitar work from Jeff Beck.
Strike
The battle of Orgreave, 5,000 riot police took on 5,000 protestors, who pelted officers with bricks and stones
Strike
Scargill knocked unconscious in Orgreave violence. Police deny he was hit by a truncheon
NUM Orgreave Confrontation
Large numbers of police and miners clashed at Orgreave coking plant during mass picketing.
Orgreave June Confrontation
Thousands of police officers and demonstrators confronted one another at Orgreave on 18 June.
Orgreave Mounted Police Charges
Mounted police were deployed during the clashes at Orgreave and their conduct later attracted major scrutiny.
Orgreave Picket Injuries
The day of clashes at Orgreave left miners and police officers injured amid conflicting accounts of the violence.
Orgreave Scargill Injury
Arthur Scargill suffered an injury during the confrontation while differing explanations of its cause circulated.
Orgreave Mass Arrests
Police arrested dozens of pickets following clashes at Orgreave and prosecutors later pursued serious charges.
Orgreave Government Response
The clashes at Orgreave raised difficult questions for the government about policing and industrial relations.
Government
Says Laos will allow the US to search for remains of US pilots
Chernenko & Mitterand clash publicly over human rights
Chernenko & Mitterand clash publicly over human rights
Politics
Chernenko & Mitterand clash publicly over human rights
Arrest of Andrei Sakharov
Chernenko & Mitterand clash over human rights during the discussion of Sakharov
Chernenko & Mitterand clash over human rights during the discussion of Sakharov
Chernenko & Mitterand clash over human rights during the discussion of Sakharov
Politics
Chernenko & Mitterand clash over human rights during the discussion of Sakharov
Coal Board Strike Warning
Ian MacGregor warned that the stoppage might continue through the end of the year.
NCB Strike Forecast
The Board chairman said the miners industrial dispute could extend into winter.
MacGregor Predicts Lengthy Strike
The Coal Board chief warned publicly that the dispute might last until December.
Fontainebleau European Council
Mitterrand chaired the Fontainebleau European Council, which settled major budget disputes and relaunched institutional reform.
Death of Michel Foucault
Michel Foucault dies in Paris after complications associated with AIDS, aged fifty-seven.
Fontainebleau European Council
Represents Germany as leaders seek a durable settlement of Community budget disputes and institutional reform.
Fontainebleau European Council
Represents Greece as leaders settle major budget disputes and revive institutional reform.
1st Female Space Walk
1st woman to walk in space
Peoples Europe Initiative
The Fontainebleau summit backed measures intended to make the European Community more visible and meaningful to its citizens.
Dooge Committee Initiative
Supports creation of the Dooge Committee to propose improvements in Community institutions and political cooperation.
Fontainebleau Institutional Reform
Supports the decision to examine reforms aimed at strengthening European cooperation.
Dooge Committee Initiative
Supports creation of the Dooge Committee to propose improvements in Community institutions.
Here We Are at Last
Barbra Streisand records, "Here We Are at Last"
Prime Minister of Canada
Succeeds Trudeau as Liberal prime minister.
Resignation of Pierre Elliott Trudeau
Trudeau resigns after 16 yrs in office
Death of Lillian Hellman
Death of Lillian Hellman
Budget Portfolio Appointment
Alongside the labour portfolio, Juncker was named minister responsible for the budget, giving him a leading role in national public-finance decisions.
First Parliamentary Election
Voters elected Juncker to the Chamber of Deputies for the first time, strengthening his role in the Christian Social Peopleโs Party as he moved into ministerial office.
Labour Ministry Appointment
Juncker became Minister of Labour in the first government led by Jacques Santer and assumed responsibility for policy affecting employment and industrial relations.
July 198433 historical events
Inauguration
Innuagurated as the President of the Federal Republic of Germany
Third Irish EEC Presidency
FitzGerald opens Ireland's 1984 Presidency, with institutional reform, enlargement and famine relief high on the agenda.
Strike
Steel union leaders reject call for steel strike as 'completely unacceptable.'
July Peace Discussions
Representatives of the Coal Board and miners union entered further negotiations that did not produce agreement.
NCB Negotiations July
New talks began between the NCB and NUM but substantive disagreements remained unresolved.
NUM Peace Negotiations
NUM officials met the Coal Board as negotiations over pit closure policy resumed.
MacGregor July Negotiations
Coal Board and NUM representatives met again in July without resolving the central disagreement.
Strike
The TGWU begins a Dock Strike over breaches of the National Dock Labour Scheme
Appointment as Unit 4 Shift Supervisor
Is appointed a Unit 4 shift supervisor, placing him in charge of operating crews during assigned reactor shifts.
Resignation of Pierre Mauroy
Pierre Mauroy resigns as Premier of France
Coal Closure Negotiations Fail
Further rounds of discussions between the Board and NUM ended without a settlement in July.
NCB Peace Talks Collapse
A later round of negotiations broke down without securing an agreed closure procedure.
MacGregor Talks Breakdown
Negotiations with the miners union again failed to settle the question of uneconomic pit closures.
Foreign Secretary of France
Appointed Minister of External Relations
Minister of Economics
Appointed Minister of Economics, Finance, and Budget
Minister of European Affairs
Appointed Minister of European Affairs
Minister of Industrial Redeployment and External Commerce
Appointed Minister of Industrial Redeployment and External Commerce
Minister of Labour
Appointed Minister of Labour, Employment, and Vocational Training
Minister of Interior
Appointed Minister of the Interior and Decentralization
Secretary of State for Defence
Appointed Minister of Defence
Strike
The TGWU calls off the National Dock Strike
Neptune Ring Arc Occultation
Hubbard records a brief stellar-light drop near Neptune that provides strong evidence for a partial ring or ring arc.
Election
The Labour Alignment Party wins 44 seats in the Knesset
Election
The Parliamentary elections end with Peress Labour Party winning 44 seats
Prime Minister of Israel
The Parliamentary elections end with Peress Labour Party winning 44 seats
Election
Shamirs Likuud Party wins 44 seats, no party has a majority
Strike
Walter Marshall estimates power stations can run until Nov 1985
Death of James Mason
Death of James Mason
Presidential Referendum
Mobutu receives another term through a single-candidate presidential vote.
Strike
South Wales miners assets seized and fined $55,000 for contempt of court over picketing
Welsh NUM Assets Seized
Legal action over picketing resulted in financial penalties and sequestration involving the South Wales NUM.
Visit to Washington & persuades Congress to provide more
Duarte visits Washington & persuades Congress to provide more military aid to Salvador
Peking Hong Kong Negotiations
Conducts discussions with Chinese leaders in Peking that resolve most of the major outstanding issues in negotiations over Hong Kong's future.
August 198410 historical events
Hong Kong Progress Statement
Reports publicly in Hong Kong on progress in the negotiations with China over the territory's future after 1997.
First Presidential Term
Completes the First Presidential Term as President of Iceland.
Death of Richard Burton
Death of Richard Burton
Strike
NUM assets are sequestrated. 2 Miners begin Court action against the Yorkshire NUM for striking without a ballot
President of Ecuador
Appointed President of Ecuador
President of Ecuador
Appointed President of Ecuador
Government
Jokes on the radio about bombing Russia
Bryukhanov One Hundred Billion Kilowatt Hours
Marks the plant's generation of one hundred billion kilowatt-hours of electricity after the expansion to four operating units.
Graumans Chinese Theatre
Places his handprints and footprints in cement at Graumans Chinese Theatre.
Death of Truman Capote
Death of Truman Capote
September 198429 historical events
New Constitutional System
Black South Africans remain excluded from national parliamentary representation.
Tricameral Constitution Begins
The new tricameral constitutional system comes into force.
Election
The Progressive Conservative Party wins 211 of the 282 seats in the House of Commons
Prime Minister of Canada
Appointed Prime Minister of Canada
Death of Adam Malik
Death of Adam Malik
Health of Konstantin Ustinovich Chernenko
Makes 1st public appearence for 7 weeks
Executive State Presidency
Becomes executive State President under the new constitution.
Executive State President
Is elected South Africa's first executive state president.
New Constitution Takes Effect
The office of prime minister is abolished.
State Presidency Begins
The premiership is abolished under the new constitution.
Strike
Miners & police clash at Kellingley
Dismissal
Relieved of all duties
Blue Jean
Releases Blue Jean, one of the major singles from Tonight.
Reform Debate
Presents views on changing economic management mechanisms
Prime Minister of Israel
The Knesset votes for a coalition Government. Appointed Prime Minister of Israel for 25 months followed by 25 months for Shamir
Burial
Re-interred in a Russian orthodox chapel at Brookwood cemetery, Surrey
Burial
Edwards bones are returned to the custody of the Midland Bank where they remain
Prime Minister of Canada
Forms a Progressive Conservative majority government.
Strike
Miners & police clash at Maltby
Hong Kong Negotiations Conclude
Oversees the final stage of negotiations as Britain and China reach agreement on the remaining issues concerning Hong Kong's future.
Government
Appears at the United Nations & appeals for a thaw in relations with Russia
Visit to By Gromyko in the Oval office for
Reagan hosts a visit by Gromyko in the Oval office for more than 3 1/2 hrs
Political Reform
Rifai participates in political reform connected with Jordanian political and historical developments.
Strike
A Judge rules that the miners strike is illegal
Strike
A Judge rules that the miners strike is illegal
Dooge Committee
Chairs the Ad Hoc Committee on Institutional Affairs established to propose reforms to European cooperation.
Visit to Washington
Reagan hosts a visit by Gromyko in the Oval office for more than 3 1/2 hrs
NUM Court Ruling
A court ruling against union strike procedures increased legal pressure on the NUM.
Rule of Hong Kong
Howe & Thatcher sign Declaration handing over Hong Kong to China by 1st July 1997
October 198431 historical events
Strike
Union fined $200,000 for contempt of court
NUM Contempt Fine
The National Union of Mineworkers faced a substantial contempt fine after failing to obey court orders.
Bombing of Brighton
Tebbits wife is paralysed. Injured by an IRA bomb at the Grand Hotel during the Conservative Party Conference
IRA - Bombing of Brighton
Government record concerning the IRA: Tebbits wife is paralysed. Injured by an IRA bomb at the Grand Hotel during the Conservative Party Conference
IRA - Bombing of Brighton
Historical IRA record under Conservative Party Government: Tebbits wife is paralysed. Injured by an IRA bomb at the Grand Hotel during the Conservative Party Conference
IRA - Bombing of Brighton
IRA context for Norman Tebbit: Tebbits wife is paralysed. Injured by an IRA bomb at the Grand Hotel during the Conservative Party Conference
IRA
Injured by an IRA bomb at the Grand Hotel during the Conservative Party Conference
Bombing of Brighton
An IRA bomb explodes at the Grand Hotel during the Conservative Party conference. 4 are killed but the conference continues
IRA - Bombing of Brighton
Government record concerning the IRA: An IRA bomb explodes at the Grand Hotel during the Conservative Party conference. 4 are killed but the conference continues
IRA - Bombing of Brighton
Historical IRA record under Conservative Party Government: An IRA bomb explodes at the Grand Hotel during the Conservative Party conference. 4 are killed but the conference continues
IRA - Bombing of Brighton
IRA context for Margaret Hilda Thatcher: An IRA bomb explodes at the Grand Hotel during the Conservative Party conference. 4 are killed but the conference continues
IRA
An IRA bomb explodes at the Grand Hotel during the Conservative Party conference
Strike
Pit supervisors vote to strike
Nottinghamshire Supervisors Threat
The threatened national pit supervisors stoppage brought another potential source of disruption to Nottinghamshire collieries.
Assassination of Jerzy Popieluszko
Security police assassinate Jerzy Popieluszko
Death of Jerzy Popieluszko
Death of Jerzy Popieluszko, assassinated
Economy of China
Urban workers pay & bonuses will be linked to job performance
Strike
Pit supervisors call off their strike
NCB Supervisors Dispute
A threatened stoppage by pit supervisors added pressure before an agreement averted the action.
MacGregor And Supervisors
A threatened supervisors strike challenged coal operations before being called off following negotiations.
Strike
The High Court orders seizure of union funds
Government
US marines land in Grenada
NUM Funds Sequestration
A High Court order authorised steps to seize union funds in the continuing dispute.
Strike
The Sunday Times discloses the miners asked Libya for money
Anti-Sikh Pogrom
Anti-Sikh violence erupts in Delhi and other cities after Indira Gandhi's assassination.
Assassination of Indira Nehru Gandhi
Prime Minister Indira Gandhi is assassinated in New Delhi by two of her Sikh bodyguards.
Prime Minister of India
Rajiv Gandhi becomes Prime Minister following the assassination of Indira Gandhi.
Death of Indira Gandhi
Death of Indira Gandhi
Lord Commissioner
Appointed Lord Commissioner
Whip
Appointed Treasury Whip
Assassination of Jerzy Popieluszko
Popieluszkos body is found in the Vistula River
November 198421 historical events
Exile of Svetlana Alliluyeva
Stalins daughter returns to Russia after an absence of 17 yrs
Burial
200,000 attend the rites for Jerzy Popieluszko
Strike
Union funds of $3 million seized in Dublin
Election
Elected President of Nicaragua
NUM Dublin Funds Seized
Legal efforts to control the unions assets extended to funds held in Dublin.
Declaration of Siege
Reimposes a state of siege amid expanding opposition protests.
Government
Defeats Mondale by winning 50 out of 51 states & 59% of the popular vote
Election
Mondale is defeated by Reagan who wins 50 out of 51 states
Shadow Minister
Appointed Junior Treasury spokesman
President of Panama
Appointed President of Panama
Peace Negotiations
Rifai participates in peace negotiations connected with Jordanian political and historical developments.
Strike
1,200 miners go back to work
NCB Return To Work
The Board saw growing numbers of miners resume work during the later months of the strike.
MacGregor Return To Work Appeals
Management benefited as more miners resumed work towards the end of 1984.
British Telecom Privatisation
The Government publishes the British Telecom share offer in November 1984 as part of the flotation that transfers a majority stake in the company to private ownership.
Privatization
British Telecom is floated on the stock exchange
Election
The Colorado Party wins the democratic election that precedes the restoration of civilian constitutional government
Beagle Dispute Settlement
Accepts a negotiated settlement defining the maritime boundary with Argentina.
Treaty of Peace and Friendship
Signs the Treaty of Peace and Friendship with Argentina after papal mediation of the Beagle dispute.
Real Live
Releases the live album Real Live.
Strike
A growing number of miners decide to return to work as Christmas looms
December 198437 historical events
Vietnam Offensive
Vietnam launches major dry-season offensive against border bases
Strike
Special union conference votes to fight on
NUM Conference Continues Strike
NUM delegates voted to maintain industrial action despite its growing financial and social costs.
Privatization
British Telecom shares begin trading on 3 December 1984, completing the first major flotation of the company's shares into private ownership.
Bhopal Disaster
A toxic gas leak from the Union Carbide pesticide plant in Bhopal kills thousands and causes long-term health damage.
Dublin European Council
Hosts the European Council as leaders resolve issues involving wine production, budget discipline and enlargement.
Election
Elected Prime Minister of Grenada
Nobel Prize
Shares the Nobel Prize in Physics for discoveries leading to the W and Z particles, carriers of the weak interaction.
Nobel Prize
Shares the Nobel Prize in Physics for decisive contributions enabling discovery of the W and Z particles.
Reform of Soviet Government
Makes a conference speech supporting reform & introducing "perestroika" & "glasnost"
Nobel Prize
Winner of the Nobel Peace Prize, for work against apartheid
Nobel Prize
Receives the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for developing solid-phase methods for chemical synthesis, especially peptide synthesis.
Strike
A court fines Scargill for obstruction
Strike
A court fines Scargill for obstruction
United Nations General Assembly condems South Africa
The United Nations General Assembly condems South Africa
Vega 1 Launch
Vega 1 launches on a dual mission that will deploy a Venus lander and balloon before continuing to Halley's Comet.
Margaret Thatcher is visited by the Gorbachevs
Margaret Thatcher is visited by the Gorbachevs
Visit to London
The Gorbachevs visit Margaret Thatcher, Raisas 1st visit to western Europe
Visit to Moscow
Visits Margaret Thatcher at her invitation as an up & coming leader
Rule of Hong Kong
Signs an agreement with Margaret Thatcher for Hong Kong to be returned by 1997
Poet Laureate Appointment
Appointed Poet Laureate
Joint Declaration
As Foreign Secretary and a principal British negotiator, Howe helps conclude the Sino-British Joint Declaration, which Margaret Thatcher and Zhao Ziyang sign in Beijing on 19 December 1984.
Rule of Hong Kong
The Sino-British Joint Declaration provides for China to resume sovereignty over Hong Kong on 1 July 1997 while setting out arrangements for the territory after the transfer.
Agreement of Hong Kong
Signs the Hong Kong agreement in Peking, Hong Kong will return to China by 1997
Rule of Hong Kong
Signs the Hong Kong agreement in Peking, Hong Kong will return to China by 1997
Presidential Referendum
Zia uses a referendum to claim a five-year presidential mandate.
Strike
Nottinghamshire miners vote to defy union rules
Nottinghamshire December Defiance
Nottinghamshire miners voted to defy NUM rules during the continuing national strike.
Vega 2 Launch
Vega 2 launches with a Venus atmospheric balloon and lander as part of the international Vega programme.
Acting PM Appointed
Hun Sen becomes Acting Prime Minister after Chan Sy's death
Premiership Ends
Chan Sy's premiership ends after his death
Assassination of Jerzy Popieluszko
4 Polish officers are tried for the assassination of Jerzy Popieluszko
Death of Sam Peckinpah
Death of Sam Peckinpah
Agreement on To take back criminals in exchange for
Cuba agrees to to take back criminals in exchange for Cuban political prisoners
Eighth General Election
Congress wins a record parliamentary majority in the general election held after Indira Gandhi's assassination.
Resignation of Sergei Fedorovich Akhromeev
Resigns after Gorbachev announces unilateral defence cuts at the United Nations
Resignation of Sergei Fedorovich Akhromeev
Resigns after Gorbachev announces unilateral defence cuts at the United Nations
President of Panama
Appointed President of Panama
Foreign Secretary of Algeria
Appointed Foreign Minister
Minister of Interior
Appointed Minister of the Interior
Prime Minister of Algeria
Appointed Prime Minister of Algeria
ANC
Refuses ANC transit in order to win South African support
Political Support
Refuses ANC transit in order to win South African support
National Liberation Front of Angola (FNLA)
1,500 FNLA fighters and 20,000 civilian supporters surrender, prompting Roberto to accept the MPLAs amnesty agreement, effectively shutting down the militant arm of the FNLA
National Liberation Front of Angola (FNLA)
1,500 FNLA fighters and 20,000 civilian supporters surrender, prompting Roberto to accept the MPLAs amnesty agreement, effectively shutting down the militant arm of the FNLA
Maradona Arrives From Barcelona
Diego Maradona signed for Napoli from Barcelona in 1984, beginning a transformative period for the club and its supporters.
The Swing
INXS release the Album, "The Swing"
Foreign Secretary of Austria
Appointed Foreign Secretary
Bavarian Maximilian Order for Science and Art
Awarded the Bavarian Maximilian Order for Science and Art
Order of Merit
Awarded the Grand Cross with Star and Sash of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
Belgian Microelectronics Research Centre
Creates an international semiconductor research ecosystem based in Leuven.
Imec Founded
Launches imec as a research centre for advanced microelectronics.
Election
General elections, BDP wins a majority, Quett Masire is re-elected as President
President of Botswana
General elections, BDP wins a majority, Quett Masire is re-elected as President
Olympics
Helps Brazil to win a silver medal at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, California
First Cameroon Africa Cup Title
Roger Milla plays in Cameroon's team as the country wins the 1984 Africa Cup of Nations. His international career becomes closely associated with the nation's rise.
Africa Cup Winning Captain
Thรฉophile Abega captains Cameroon to victory at the 1984 Africa Cup of Nations. The achievement marks the Indomitable Lions' emergence as continental champions.
Reckless
Adams releases the Album, album "Reckless", which produces 6 Top 40 songs & has been certified 5 times platinum in the US
Deputy Prime Minister
Appointed Deputy Prime Minister
Prime Minister of Canada
Trudeau retires, John Turner becomes Liberal leader & Prime Minister
Secretary of State for External Affairs
Appointed Secretary of State for External Affairs
Secretary of State for External Affairs
Appointed Foreign Minister
La Ninfa de Porcelana
Allende published the short work La Ninfa de Porcelana in Spanish.
Of Love and Shadows Spanish Edition
Allende published Of Love and Shadows in Spanish, exploring repression and resistance under dictatorship.
Economy of China
Coastal cities are completely opened to foreign investment
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
China joins the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) External Link
Defence Agreement at Havana
Cuba agrees to to take back criminals in exchange for Cuban political prisoners. A new airfield is constructed which is viewed by the US as being for military purposes
Nobel Prize
Shares the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for theories concerning the specificity and control of the immune system.
Armament
Persuades American Congress to provide increased economic & military aid
Commission Presidency Selection
European leaders selected Delors to succeed Gaston Thorn as President of the European Commission.
Prime Minister of France
Appointed Prime Minister of France
Conference of Red Army
AD allies with the Red Army Faction at a "conference" in Lisbon
Red Army Faction
AD allies with the Red Army Faction at a "conference" in Lisbon
Red Army
AD allies with the Red Army Faction at a "conference" in Lisbon
Neptune Ring Arc Analysis
Brahic helps analyse an occultation event indicating concentrated ring material orbiting Neptune.
Neptune Ring Arc Detection
Sicardy helps identify occultation evidence for incomplete ring structures around Neptune.
Nancy First Senior Management Role
Wenger became head coach of AS Nancy, beginning his first senior managerial appointment in French professional football after working in youth coaching and as an assistant.
Platini Retains Ballon dโOr After Euro Triumph
Michel Platini claims a second consecutive Ballon dโOr after scoring nine goals as France win the European Championship on home soil and helping Juventus capture the Cup Winnersโ Cup.
Nobel Prize
Shares the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for developing the principle for production of monoclonal antibodies.
A Passage to India
Starts in "A Passage to India"
A Private Function
Appears in A Private Function
BAFTA
Winner of Best Actress BAFTA Award for her role as Joyce Chilvers in A Private Function
BAFTA
BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role, A Private Function
Greystoke - The Legend of Tarzan, Lord of the Apes
Stars in "Greystoke - The Legend of Tarzan, Lord of the Apes"
Laurence Olivier Award
Awarded the Laurence Olivier Award for Actress of the Year in a Revival in 1984 for The Aspern Papers
Another Country
Appears as Tommy Judd in Another Country, one of his earliest major film roles.
A Passage to India
Returns to feature direction with A Passage to India after a fourteen-year gap between theatrical films.
Cal
Wins best Actress for her role in the film Cal at the Cannes Film Festiva
Ebony Tower
Mortimer adapts John Fowles The Ebony Tower, starring Laurence Olivier for Granada
The 4th Protocol
Publication of "The 4th Protocol"
Orwell Nineteen Eighty Four Film
A film adaptation of Orwell's dystopian novel appeared in the calendar year of its title.
Empire of the Sun
Publication of "Empire of the Sun"
James Tait Black Memorial Prize
Awarded the James Tait Black Memorial Prize for fiction
Red Badge of Courage Edition
Bradbury prepared a scholarly edition of Stephen Crane's The Red Badge of Courage.
Horses Neck
Publishes a collection of short stories entitled "Horses Neck"
a collection of short stories entitled "Horses Neck
Publishes a collection of short stories entitled "Horses Neck"
Nineteen Eighty-Four Legacy
Public attention returns strongly to Orwell's dystopian novel.
Civilized Man Album
Releases the studio album Civilized Man.
Tonight
Releases the album Tonight.
Lady Of The Stars
Releases the album Lady Of The Stars
Performs on Pink Floyd member Roger
Performs on Pink Floyd member Roger Waters's solo album, The Pros and Cons of Hitch Hiking
Stone Roses
From 1984 to 1996 he was the lead guitarist for The Stone Roses, one of the most influential acts of its era
This Is What You Want... This Is What You Get
PIL release, "This Is What You Want... This Is What You Get"
Council Collective
Weller puts together his own charity ensemble, the Council Collective, to make a record ("Soul Deep") to raise money for the striking miners
Hysteria
The Human League release the Album, "Hysteria"
Geezer Butler Band
Butler forms the Geezer Butler Band after leaving Black Sabbath.
Big Audio Dynamite
After his expulsion from The Clash, Jones forms Big Audio Dynamite (often shortened to BAD) with film director Don Letts who directed various Clash videos and Westway to the World
Clash
After his expulsion from The Clash, Jones forms Big Audio Dynamite (often shortened to BAD) with film director Don Letts who directed various Clash videos and Westway to the World
Big Audio Dynamite
After his expulsion from The Clash, Jones forms Big Audio Dynamite (often shortened to BAD) with film director Don Letts who directed various Clash videos and Westway to the World
Departure from Black Sabbath
Butler leaves Black Sabbath during 1984 after prolonged instability within the group.
Clash
The Clash pick Nick Sheppard, formerly of the Bristol-based Cortinas, and Vince White as the bands new guitarists
Clash
The Clash pick Nick Sheppard, formerly of the Bristol-based Cortinas, and Vince White as the bands new guitarists
Perfect Strangers
Rejoins Deep Purple for the Mark II reunion and records Perfect Strangers.
Perfect Strangers
Returns to Deep Purple for Perfect Strangers, reviving the classic Mark II line-up.
Perfect Strangers
Returns to Deep Purple as bassist and helps restore the classic Mark II sound on Perfect Strangers.
Arena
Duran Durans 4th album, " Arena", is released
Firm
Jimmy Page & Paul Rogers create The Firm
Firm
Jimmy Page & Paul Rogers create The Firm
Honeydrippers
Page records with Robert Plant in the guise of The Honeydrippers
Honeydrippers
Page records with Robert Plant in the guise of The Honeydrippers
Sparkle in the Rain
Simple Minds release "Sparkle in the Rain", UK no 1 Album
Sparkle in the Rain
Simple Minds release "Sparkle in the Rain", UK no 1 Album
Aural Sculpture
Releases Aural Sculpture as the band adds brass textures and a more accessible production style.
Fine Young Cannibals
Gift, Andy Cox and David Steele form Fine Young Cannibals in Birmingham.
Joining The Kinks
Joins The Kinks as drummer.
Leaving The Kinks
Leaves The Kinks after two decades on drums.
Give My Regards to Broad Street
Produces music for Give My Regards to Broad Street, combining film and McCartney recordings.
The Other Side of Life
Produces The Other Side of Life, including the hit Your Wildest Dreams.
Royal Academy
Appointed President of the Royal Academy
Bombing of Brighton
An IRA bomb at the party conference hotel kills Wakenhams wife & injures his legs
Conference of Conservatives
An IRA bomb at the party conference hotel kills Wakenhams wife & injures his legs
IRA - Bombing of Brighton
Government record concerning the IRA: An IRA bomb at the party conference hotel kills Wakenhams wife & injures his legs
IRA - Bombing of Brighton
Historical IRA record under Conservative Party Government: An IRA bomb at the party conference hotel kills Wakenhams wife & injures his legs
IRA - Bombing of Brighton
IRA context for John Wakenham: An IRA bomb at the party conference hotel kills Wakenhams wife & injures his legs
IRA
An IRA bomb at the party conference hotel kills Wakenhams wife & injures his legs
Economy of Great Britain
MacGregors approach to turning the NCB into a profitable concern is similar to the line he had taken at British Steel, cut jobs and close unprofitable pits, this leads to the protracted and increasingly bitter 1984-1985 miners strike
National Coal Board (NCB)
MacGregors approach to turning the NCB into a profitable concern is similar to the line he had taken at British Steel, cut jobs and close unprofitable pits, this leads to the protracted and increasingly bitter 1984-1985 miners strike
Strike
MacGregors approach to turning the NCB into a profitable concern is similar to the line he had taken at British Steel, cut jobs and close unprofitable pits, this leads to the protracted and increasingly bitter 1984-1985 miners strike
Budget Policy
The 1984 Budget under Nigel Lawson sets out the Government's taxation, expenditure and borrowing plans.
Budget
The 1984 Budget reduces corporation tax rates while phasing out capital allowances and abolishes both the Investment Income Surcharge and the National Insurance Surcharge.
Budget
Nigel Lawson presents the 1984 Budget to the House of Commons as Chancellor of the Exchequer.
Secretary
Appointed Private Secretary to Margaret Thatcher
Trident Submarines
Oversees defence policy while planning proceeds for the Vanguard-class submarines intended to carry Trident missiles.
Strike
Wins his case for fighting the Miners Strike using Criminal Law rather than Civil Law
Privatization
Jaguar Motors is sold to private investors. Jaguar is sold for 294 million. Enterprise Oil is sold for 392 million. British Telecom is sold for 3,916 million
Strike
Forbids trades union membership at GCHQ, 1,000 pounds is given for each union card
Strike
The Government agrees a miners redundancy deal of 1,000 pounds per year of service
Peerage
Created Earl of Stockton, 1st
Police and Criminal Evidence Act
Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984 reforms police powers, detention, interviews, and criminal evidence rules
Road Traffic Regulation Act
Road Traffic Regulation Act 1984 consolidates traffic regulation law
Telecommunications Act
Telecommunications Act 1984 restructures telecommunications and enables British Telecom privatisation
Trade Union Act
Trade Union Act 1984 requires ballots for union elections and industrial action decisions
Governor
Appointed Governor of St Helena
1922 Committee
Appointed Chairman of the 1922 Committee
GLC
The GLC allocated a small percentage of its expenditure on funding minority community groups, including the London Gay Teenage Group, English Collective of Prostitutes, Women Against Rape, Lesbian Line, A Womans Place, and Rights of Women & believing these groups can initiate social change, the GLC increases its annual funding of voluntary organisations from pounds 6 million in 1980 to pounds 50 million in 1984
Scottish Labour Strategy
Brown helps shape Labour's Scottish political strategy after the 1983 defeat.
European Diary
Publishes European Diary, drawing on his years at the European Commission.
Greenwich Prime Meridian Retains Historical Standard
Modern global positioning increasingly used geodetic reference frames while the marked Observatory meridian remained historically important. The episode illustrates the growing value of calibrated scientific instruments.
Nobel Prize
Shares the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for developing the principle for production of monoclonal antibodies.
Rutherford Medal
Shares the Institute of Physics Rutherford Medal with Tom Kibble.
Arrest of George Best
Best receives a three-month prison sentence for drunk driving, assaulting a police officer and failing to answer bail, he spent Christmas of 1984 behind bars and turned out as a player for Ford Open Prison
Footballer of the Year
FWA Footballer of the Year
Retirement
Keegan announces his retirement prior to the end of the 1984 season
Transfer
Revives his career with a move to Arsenal for ล250,000
Manchester United Board Appointment
Charlton joins Manchester United's board of directors, beginning a long period of service to the club beyond his playing career.
Tobermore United Competitive Appearance
Best makes an appearance for Tobermore United in Northern Irish football, one of his final recorded competitive club outings.
Anfield Derby Breakthrough
Graeme Sharp scores a spectacular winner at Liverpool to give Everton a landmark league derby victory at Anfield.
Newcastle Promotion Secured as Player
Keegan ends his playing career after helping Newcastle United gain promotion to the First Division, concluding his spell on Tyneside with an enduring bond with supporters.
Wednesday Promotion Season
Sterland's dynamic performances on the right helped Sheffield Wednesday gain promotion to the First Division.
Son Begins Forest First Team Career
Nigel Clough begins establishing himself in Nottingham Forest's senior squad under his father Brian. The young forward gradually grows into an influential attacker for the club.
Barcelona Transfer
Joins Barcelona from Tottenham Hotspur and strengthens Terry Venables's forward line.
OBE
Ferguson is awarded the OBE in the 1984 honours list
Scottish Cup Winners
Aberdeen win the Scottish league and retained the Scottish Cup
Scottish Premier League
Aberdeen win the Scottish league and retained the Scottish Cup
Manager
Appointed Manager of Al Al of Cairo Football Team
Derby County Rebuilding Appointment
Arthur Cox becomes Derby County manager and begins a rebuilding period that ultimately carries the Rams from the Third Division into the top flight.
Wednesday Return to First Division
Wilkinson guided Sheffield Wednesday to promotion, ending a long spell outside English football's highest division.
Newcastle United Managerial Appointment
Charlton takes charge of Newcastle United after the club's promotion to the First Division and begins organising the senior squad.
Birmingham Returns to First Division Pursuit
Saunders oversees Birmingham's attempt to recover from relegation, rebuilding the playing staff for a promotion challenge.
Second Division Promotion Campaign
Saunders oversaw Birmingham Cityโs 1984โ85 promotion campaign, steering the team back towards top-flight football through a disciplined league programme.
European Final Penalty Recovery
Steve Nicol missed Liverpool's first shootout penalty against Roma in 1984, but his teammates recovered to secure a fourth European Cup.
McDermott and Keegan Reunite at Newcastle
Terry McDermott brings passing quality to Newcastle's promotion-winning team, reuniting with former Liverpool teammate Kevin Keegan in the closing phase of Keegan's playing career.
Death of Arthur Travers Harris
Death of Arthur Travers Harris
Bundesliga Crown with Stuttgart
รsgeir Sigurvinsson plays a commanding midfield role as VfB Stuttgart win the 1983โ84 Bundesliga title, marking a high point for Icelandic club football abroad.
Minister of Finance
V.P. Singh becomes Finance Minister in Rajiv Gandhi's government.
Independence of India
Indira Gandhi's government rejects demands for an independent Sikh state while security tensions intensify in Punjab.
USA & Iraq resume diplomatic relations, ceased in 1967
The USA & Iraq resume diplomatic relations, ceased in 1967
Station Island
Publication of "Station Island"
San Cataldo
Completes the San Cataldo Cemetry
Semiotics and Philosophy of Language
Eco published Semiotics and the Philosophy of Language, exploring fundamental problems in sign theory.
Cup Winners Cup Final Opening Goal
Scores Juventus's opening goal in the 2-1 European Cup Winners' Cup final against Porto, setting up the club's first success in that competition.
Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour
Awarded the Legion dHonneur
Nausicaโ of the Valley of Wind
Hayao Miyazaki adapts his manga Nausicaโ of the Valley of Wind into a feature film
Privatization
Japan moves to end Government ownership of the telephone service
Prime Minister of Luxembourg
Appointed Prime Minister of Luxembourg
President of Mauritania
Appointed President of the Military Committee for National Salvation
Feyenoord League and Cup Double
Helps Feyenoord win the Eredivisie and KNVB Cup in the 1983-84 season, ending his playing career with major domestic trophies.
Gullit Feyenoord Domestic Double
Ruud Gullit excels as Feyenoord wins the Eredivisie and KNVB Cup in 1983โ84, giving the club a domestic double during Johan Cruyff's final playing season.
Vermeulen Supports Feyenoord Double Attack
Pierre Vermeulen supplies wide attacking threat for Feyenoord during the domestic double season, complementing the movement and imagination of more central players.
Martial Law Announcement
Zia announces a programme for elections and eventual termination of martial law.
Arrest of Benazir Bhutto
Allowed to return to the United Kingdom, Bhutto becomes a leader in exile of the PPP, her fathers party
Pakistan Peoples Party
Allowed to return to the United Kingdom, Bhutto becomes a leader in exile of the PPP, her fathers party
Party Leader
Allowed to return to the United Kingdom, Bhutto becomes a leader in exile of the PPP, her fathers party
Capture of Siachen
Zia-ul-Haq's government confronts India's occupation of key positions on the Siachen Glacier.
Maktab al-Khidamat
Maktab al-Khidamat is established by Abdullah Azzam and Bin Laden in Peshawar, Pakistan
National and International Relations Department
Abbas took charge of the PLO department responsible for national and international relations. The post expanded his role in external diplomacy and in maintaining political links beyond the organisation's immediate leadership circle.
Convention Against Torture Is Adopted
The General Assembly adopted the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment.
Sztandar Mlodych
Appointed Editor of the Sztandar Mlodych
Editor
Appointed Editor of the Sztandar Mlodych
Arrest of Jerzy Popieluszko
Security police arrest pro-Solidarity Jerzy Popieluszko
Solidarity
Security police arrest pro-Solidarity Jerzy Popieluszko
Deputy Minister
Appointed Deputy Minister of Defence
Blockade of Nicaragua
The US mines Nicaragua to prevent El Salvador rebels receiving Cuban & Russian arms
Nicaragua Maritime Access Disrupted by Mining
Mining of Nicaraguan waters is intended to disrupt arms movements linked to regional revolutionary forces.
Economy of Russia
Russian growth is %2.6, lowest since World War II. Oil and gas constituted eighteen percent of exports in 1972 and 54 percent by 1984
Makes a positive impression on Thatcher, A man I can do business
Makes a positive impression on Thatcher, "A man I can do business with"
USSR Supreme Soviet Term
Continues service in the USSR Supreme Soviet while remaining Sverdlovsk regional party leader.
President of Russia
Appointed President of Russia, 2nd term, acting
KGB (Committee for State Security)
Putin is appointed a Major
Arrest of Andrei Sakharov
Threatens to go on hunger strike
Chief of General Staff
Appointed Chief of the General Staff
Al-Qaeda
Maktab al-Khidamat is established by Abdullah Azzam and Bin Laden in Peshawar, Pakistan
Maktab al-Khidamat
Maktab al-Khidamat is established by Abdullah Azzam and Bin Laden in Peshawar, Pakistan
Constitution of South Africa
Separate Asian, coloured & white assemblies are created
President of South Africa
Appointed President of South Africa
Reform of Racial Laws
Separate Asian, coloured & white assemblies are created
President of Switzerland
Appointed President of Switzerland
Cryo-Electron Microscopy of Vitrified Samples
Demonstrates electron microscopy of biological specimens embedded in vitreous ice, preserving hydrated structures without crystalline ice damage.
Vice President
Appointed Vice President of Taiwan
Garbo Talks
Stars in Garbo Talks
The Evil That Men Do
Stars in, "The Evil That Men Do"
Runaway
Writes & directs, "Runaway"
Footloose
Cimino was at the helm of Footloose for four months, making more and more extravagant demands in terms of set construction and overall production, Paramount realized it potentially had another Heavens Gate on its hands & fires Cimino
The Verdict
Stars in "The Verdict"
Blood Simple
Makes her feature-film debut in Blood Simple, playing a woman caught in a violent marital conspiracy.
Secret Honor Film
Robert Altman directed Secret Honor in 1984, a one-man political drama featuring Richard Nixon as portrayed by Philip Baker Hall.
Broadway Danny Rose Film
In 1984, Woody Allen made Broadway Danny Rose, a show-business comedy about a talent agent and his unlikely client.
City Heat
Stars with Burt Reynolds in the period crime comedy City Heat.
Tightrope
Stars in Tightrope, a crime thriller set in New Orleans.
The Minimal Self
Publication of "The Minimal Self"
The Witches of Eastwick
Publication of "The Witches of Eastwick"
God Knows
Publication of "God Knows"
Dancing in the Dark
Releases Dancing in the Dark, one of his biggest hit singles.
Born in the USA
Releases "Born in the USA", No 1 UK & US Album. Closest to the top of the pop music charts during a four-week stay at number 2 with "Dancing in the Dark" (June/July)
Dancing in the Dark
Releases "Born in the USA", No 1 UK & US Album. Closest to the top of the pop music charts during a four-week stay at number 2 with "Dancing in the Dark" (June/July)
Metallica
Metallica release Ride the Lightning, The albums inclusion of a slower, more introspective song, "Fade to Black", sets Metallica apart from other thrash bands
Metallica
Metallica release Ride the Lightning, The albums inclusion of a slower, more introspective song, "Fade to Black", sets Metallica apart from other thrash bands
Metallica
Metallica release Ride the Lightning, The albums inclusion of a slower, more introspective song, "Fade to Black", sets Metallica apart from other thrash bands
New Sensations
Releases New Sensations, giving him a more accessible mid-1980s solo sound.
Thriller
Releases "Thriller", sells 37 million & becomes the top selling album of all time
Award
Stevie Wonder wins an Oscar for "I Just Called to Say I Love You"
Boulez Conducts Zappa: The Perfect Stranger
Releases The Perfect Stranger, featuring Pierre Boulez conducting Ensemble InterContemporain alongside Synclavier works.
Francesco Zappa
Releases Francesco Zappa, using the Synclavier to perform works by the eighteenth-century composer Francesco Zappa.
Them or Us
Releases Them or Us, combining rock songs, instrumentals and extended guitar-oriented material.
Thing-Fish
Releases Thing-Fish, an ambitious theatrical album built around political satire and recurring characters.
Solo Career
Builds a successful solo career with hits for film, television and radio after Eagles split.
Tony Award
Tony Award for Best Play The Real Thing
Governor
Appointed Governor of Missouri
Secretary
Appointed Secretary of State for the Interior
Secretary
Appointed Secretary of the Treasury
Government
Appointed Secretary of State for Defence
Attorney General
Appointed Attorney General
Government
Appointed Secretary of Agriculture
Government
The mainly US Multi-National Force is forced out of Beirut. The US mines Nicaragua to prevent El Salvador rebels receiving Cuban & Russian arms
Government
Duarte visits Washington & persuades Congress to provide more military aid to Salvador. US growth is %6.8, highest since 1951. The USA & Iraq resume diplomatic relations, ceased in 1967
President of USA
Appointed President of the USA, 40th President, 2nd term
SALT II Treaty
Reagan declares that the Soviet Union had violated its political commitment to observe the SALT II Treaty
Secretary of State
Appointed Secretary of State
Election
Defeated Vice Presidential candidate
President of United States of America
Unsuccessfully seeks the Presidential nomination, 1st attempt
Neptune Ring Arc Observation
Vilas participates in the stellar-occultation work that reveals evidence for concentrated ring material around Neptune.
LIGO Project Formation
Thorne joins Rainer Weiss and Ronald Drever in founding the Caltech-MIT LIGO project, uniting theoretical and experimental programmes around kilometre-scale laser interferometers.
Athletics
Winner of the 400 meters hurdles Gold Medal
Olympic Gold Medal
Winner of the long jump Olympic Gold Medal. Winner of the 4 by 100m relay Olympic Gold Medal. Winner of the 200m Olympic Gold Medal. Winner of the 100m Olympic Gold Medal
White Jersey
Rides his first Tour de France & finishes third, winning the prestigious White Jersey as the Tours best young rider
US Open
Winner of the mens US tennis open, 4th time
Wimbledon
Winner of the Wimbledon Menss Singles Tennis Championship, 3rd time
Nuclear Power
Reagan declares that the Soviet Union had violated its political commitment to observe the SALT II Treaty
SALT
Reagan declares that the Soviet Union had violated its political commitment to observe the SALT II Treaty
Foreign Secretary of Venezuela
Appointed Foreign Secretary
Minister of Finance
Appointed Minister of Finance
Minister of Interior
Appointed Minister of the Interior
Secretary of State for Defence
Appointed Minister of Defence
Commission for State Reform
The government created the Presidential Commission for State Reform to propose administrative and political decentralization.
European Cup Final Penalty Distraction
Bruce Grobbelaar's memorable movements on the goal line unsettled Roma's penalty takers as Liverpool won the 1984 European Cup final shootout.
The Young Rebecca
The Young Rebecca collected West's early journalism and writings from the prewar feminist press.
Literary Work in Vermont
Solzhenitsyn continued his historical fiction and research during seclusion in Vermont.
Women in a River Landscape
Bรถll completed work on Frauen vor Fluรlandschaft, his final novel.
Mine Closure Review Debate
The government considered disputed arrangements for reviewing pit closures as the NUM and Coal Board remained divided.
Coal Supply Continuity
The Board continued operating collieries where staff worked despite the national industrial dispute.
Picketing Dispute Escalates
Conflicts over access to working collieries sharpened divisions between the Coal Board and NUM.
Autumn Coal Talks Falter
Attempts to break the impasse between the NCB and union failed during the autumn.
Christmas Coal Stoppage
The Coal Board entered the Christmas period with the miners strike still unresolved.
NCB Settlement Conditions
Energy minister Peter Walker addressed the unresolved dispute between the Coal Board and NUM over pit closures.
NCB Working Pits
Coal Board mines that continued operating remained a focal point for picketing and policing.
NCB Coal Deliveries
Transporting coal to customers remained disputed during a strike involving miners and supporting workers.
NCB Regional Differences
The Coal Board faced uneven strike participation across the British coalfields including Nottinghamshire.
NUM National Secretariat
Peter Heathfield was elected NUM general secretary during the period of escalating colliery disputes.
TUC Miners Solidarity
TUC general secretary Norman Willis dealt with the difficult task of maintaining wider trade union support for the miners.
Miners Strike Policy Context
The 1984 strike unfolded after years of official preparation for disruption to energy supply.
Coal Reserves And Planning
The large coal stocks available during the dispute echoed contingency thinking associated with the Ridley report.
Coal Transport And Disruption
Movement of coal and coke became a major operational issue during the miners strike.
Mass Picketing Policy Debate
Police resources and the legality of flying pickets became major national issues during the dispute.
Trade Union Law Debate
Court decisions affecting the miners union intensified debate about Conservative industrial relations reforms.
Yorkshire Miners Mobilise
Yorkshire NUM members took part in the Orgreave demonstrations seeking to restrict coke supplies.
Orgreave Coke Lorry Convoys
Pickets sought to interrupt lorry movements carrying coke from Orgreave to steelworks.
Orgreave Steel Supply Dispute
The supply of coke to the steel industry was a strategic issue between striking miners and steel unions.
Orgreave Yorkshire Picket Lines
Yorkshire miners were central to the mass mobilisation organised around the Orgreave coking works.
Orgreave Coalfield Solidarity
Pickets travelled to Orgreave from mining communities as the dispute over closures entered its fourth month.
Orgreave Picket Organisation
Union efforts to concentrate pickets at Orgreave formed part of a strategy to affect steel production.
Orgreave Public Controversy
Competing accounts from police miners and broadcasters shaped public debate about the events at Orgreave.
Orgreave Industrial Strategy
Striking miners viewed access to the coking plant as a way to put pressure on steel supply chains.
Orgreave Coke Movement
The continuation of coke deliveries despite picketing tested the effectiveness of miners industrial tactics.
Orgreave Police Evidence
The police evidence used in prosecutions stemming from the 18 June clashes later became heavily contested.
MacGregor Defends Closure Plans
MacGregor maintained that loss making capacity had to be addressed despite union protests.
MacGregor Closure Criteria
The Coal Board and NUM remained divided over whether profitability or exhaustion should justify closure.
MacGregor And Working Miners
The survival of coal production in some areas strengthened management during the protracted dispute.
MacGregor Winter Strategy
As the strike continued through autumn MacGregor maintained his support for restructuring plans.
Nottinghamshire Strike Disagreement
The NUM leadership faced strong opposition from miners in Nottinghamshire who wanted a national ballot.
Nottinghamshire NUM Division
Divisions over the legitimacy of area strikes complicated the National Union of Mineworkers position in Nottinghamshire.
Nottinghamshire Ballot Controversy
Differences over a national strike ballot left many Nottinghamshire miners unwilling to join industrial action.
Nottinghamshire Picket Disputes
Conflicts between local working miners and incoming pickets worsened as the strike continued.
Nottinghamshire Area NUM Vote
An area ballot showed divided opinion among Nottinghamshire miners about joining the stoppage.
Nottinghamshire Pit Operations
Most Nottinghamshire miners continued working while many miners elsewhere stayed on strike.
Nottinghamshire Working Miners
The continued operation of Nottinghamshire collieries helped sustain coal supplies during the dispute.
Nottinghamshire Working Miners Committee
Working miners organised to represent those opposing an area wide strike.
Nottinghamshire Working Miners Lawsuit
Disagreements about union rules led working miners to seek legal remedies against strike related decisions.
Nottinghamshire Branch Elections
NUM branch contests reflected the divisions between striking and working miners.
Nottinghamshire Union Office Sit In
Tensions within the Nottinghamshire NUM led to an occupation at the Berry Hill area headquarters.
Nottinghamshire Support Groups
Mining families and supporters organised practical assistance for households affected by the prolonged dispute.
Bentinck Colliery Visit
Ian MacGregor visited Bentinck Colliery as the Nottinghamshire coalfield remained divided over the strike.
Nottinghamshire Prime Minister Letter
Margaret Thatcher corresponded with Nottinghamshire miners amid the continuing dispute about strike participation.
Nottinghamshire Strike Funding
Union finances and support for pickets became more contentious as the strike continued into autumn.
Nottinghamshire Internal Rule Dispute
Disagreement about NUM rules and authority intensified between the union leadership and local members.