1992 in History

Addresses the Canadian Parliament and presents Russia's transition from Soviet rule toward democratic government.

Addresses a joint meeting of the United States Congress and presents Russia's democratic and market transition.

Survives an aircrash in the Sahara

Makes his Ajax first-team debut at the age of sixteen.

Troops open fire on 70,000 ANC demonstrators, 28 are killed

Attends the 50th anniversary of the Battle of El Alamein.

The legal system of Apartheid is repealed

Chea Sim becomes President of the Council of State after Heng Samrin

Appointed President of the Board of Trade and Secretary of State for Trade and Industry.

Provides political leadership as the Bosnian Serb army is established.

Takes command of the newly established Army of Republika Srpska.

Accepts a ceasefire agreement during the Arusha peace process.

Government representatives enter formal peace negotiations with the RPF.

Carlin mentions 2 names to Gary Shaw, Carlos Marcello and Santos Trafficante, Jr. in the plot to kill Oswald. Carlin informs Gary Shaw that there was a conspiracy to kill Oswald & Ruby asked her to phone him to give him an alibi

Carlin informs Gary Shaw that there was a conspiracy to kill Oswald & Ruby asked her to phone him to give him an alibi

Assassinated at a political rally by the FIS after commanding them to disband

The Assembly of the Serb People proclaim the Republic of the Serb People of Bosnia and Herzegovina, declaring it part of Yugoslavia

The Babri Masjid is demolished in Ayodhya, triggering communal violence and a major national political crisis.

Supports implementation of the kingdom's new governance framework.

Issues the Basic Law defining central principles of Saudi governance.

Supports convergence rules leading toward the common European currency.

Confirms Belgian support for deeper political and monetary integration.

Represents Denmark as European leaders address public confidence, subsidiarity and the continuing Maastricht ratification problem.

Iommi, Butler, and Appice back Ozzy Osbourne as part of what is billed as the singer's final live appearance

Britain suspends sterling's membership of the European Exchange Rate Mechanism.

By 7:00PM Norman Lamont announces Britain will leave the ERM and rates would remain at the new level of 12 percent

In 2005, documents released under the Freedom of Information Act indicated that the cost of Black Wednesday was £3.3 billion

The Bank of England attempts to prop up their currency as per the decision made by Norman Lamont and Robin Leigh-Pemberton, the and Governor of the Bank of England respectively

The Bank of England's intervention was ineffective because Soros' Quantum Fund was dumping pounds far faster. The Bank of England continued to buy and Quantum continued to sell until Lamont told Prime Minister John Major that their pound purchasing was failing to produce results

The decision to withdraw had been agreed at an emergency meeting during the day between Norman Lamont, Prime Minister John Major, Foreign Secretary Douglas Hurd, President of the Board of Trade Michael Heseltine, and Home Secretary Kenneth Clarke (the latter three pro-Europeans)

The decision to leave the ERM is agreed after emergency discussions involving Lamont, Prime Minister John Major, Foreign Secretary Douglas Hurd, President of the Board of Trade Michael Heseltine and Home Secretary Kenneth Clarke.

Interest rates are set at 10 percent, the day after Black Wednesday

The Bank of England attempts to prop up their currency as per the decision made by Norman Lamont and Robin Leigh-Pemberton, the and Governor of the Bank of England respectively

The Bank of England's intervention was ineffective because Soros' Quantum Fund was dumping pounds far faster. The Bank of England continued to buy and Quantum continued to sell until Lamont told Prime Minister John Major that their pound purchasing was failing to produce results

Sterling leaves the Exchange Rate Mechanism, damaging Conservative European policy credibility.

Major keeps his economic team unchanged for seven months after Black Wednesday before he replaced Norman Lamont with Kenneth Clarke as Chancellor of the Exchequer

The British Conservative Government is forced to withdraw the pound sterling from the European Exchange Rate Mechanism (ERM) after it was unable to keep the pound above its agreed lower limit in the ERM.

The UK Treasury estimates the cost of Black Wednesday at 3. 4 billion pounds.

The United Kingdom is forced to leave the Exchange Rate Mechanism (ERM) on "Black Wednesday" just five months into the new Parliament, when billions of pounds were spent in a futile attempt to defend the currencys value.

The most high profile of the currency market investors, George Soros, makes over US$1 billion profit by short selling sterling

A 5 pound bomb explodes in Whitehall

Bosniaks and Croats vote for independence in a Serb-boycotted referendum.

Supports independence after voters approve separation from Yugoslavia.

Rejects the referendum and promotes a separate Bosnian Serb political structure.

Declares Bosnian Serb separation from Bosnia.

Signs the Maastricht Treaty, deepening Conservative divisions over Europe.

Represents Britain while preserving the single-currency opt-out.

Confirms the negotiated British position including treaty opt-outs.

Buried in Slovicie Udolie, in Bratislava, Slovakia

Announces a strategy for one-stop business support centres offering small and medium-sized firms advice on skills, exporting, technology, innovation and design.

Designs the one-stop business-support programme with chambers of commerce, training bodies, business organisations, local authorities and other partners.

As President, Niyazov heads the Cabinet of Ministers

Joins George H. W. Bush in declaring that Russia and the United States no longer regard each other as potential adversaries.

Meets President George H. W. Bush at Camp David to discuss the post-Cold War relationship and strategic arms.

Appointed Chairman of the Conservative Party

Sees the Charlottetown Accord rejected in a national referendum.

Appoints Viktor Chernomyrdin prime minister after parliament refuses to confirm Yegor Gaidar.

Reorganizes the government around Viktor Chernomyrdin after parliament blocks Yegor Gaidar's confirmation.

Appointed Chief Secretary of the Treasury

Makes a major Commons statement on contraction and proposed closures in the coal industry.

Mather helps present COBE results confirming the blackbody spectrum and anisotropy evidence

Smoot announces COBE detection of tiny microwave background temperature fluctuations

Annual Conservative Party Conference, Thatcher & Tebbit oppose the Maastricht Treaty

Chairs the EU summit. A European summit is held which discusses the Maastricht Treaty

Chairs the EU summit

Heads the conference of conflict in former Yugoslavia

Accuses the Congress of People's Deputies of obstructing reform as the struggle between president and parliament deepens.

Encourages Conservative resistance to further European political integration.

Promulgates a democratic constitution limiting presidential reelection.

New constitution strengthens the presidency and removes the separate prime ministership

Afghanistan is declared an Islamic State

Afghanistan is declared an Islamic State

The referendum is boycotted by Serbs, who regard it as an unconstitutional move, but achieves a 99.4% vote in favour on a 67% turnout (which almost entirely constituted of the Bosniak and Croat communities)

The constitution of the Serb Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina is adopted and declared that the states territory includes Serb autonomous regions, municipalities, and other Serbian ethnic entities in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Assumes de jure powers, as described in the constitution of the Bosnian Serb administration, includes commanding the army of the Bosnian Serb administration in times of war and peace

Slovak parliament adopts a new constitution.

The Bipatong massacre causes the ANC to withdraw from constitutional talks

Toure oversees a referendum approving the constitution of Mali's Third Republic.

ibn Shaker participates in constitutional reform connected with Jordanian political and historical developments.

The Justice Ministry completes a constitutional review of Denmark's accession to the Maastricht Treaty and the transfer of powers involved.

Supports development of the reorganized national consultative body.

Issues the law reorganizing the Consultative Council.

Military dissidents try to overthrow President Perez

Supports the Danish demand for a special arrangement concerning participation in the third stage of economic and monetary union.

Uses Denmark in Europe as the negotiating basis for securing special arrangements from the other member states.

Negotiates the settlement applying special arrangements to Denmark in defence, monetary union, citizenship and justice cooperation.

Signs the Treaty on European Union for Denmark alongside Foreign Minister Uffe Ellemann-Jensen.

Joins Lazio for a fee of 5.5 million pounds, making his debut on 27 September 1992 in a match against Genoa which was televised in Britain as well as Italy

More than 160,000 people are killed between 17 January 1992 and June 2002

Fighting between Hikmatrs forces & the Mujahideen in Kabul starts 4 yrs of civil war

The Edinburgh settlement gives Denmark a special position concerning the defence dimension of European Union cooperation.

Returns to Black Sabbath for Dehumanizer, reuniting with Iommi, Butler and Vinny Appice.

Oversees the first democratic municipal elections after the end of military rule.

Troops open fire on 70,000 ANC demonstrators, 28 are killed

The government submits Denmark in Europe, identifying defence, monetary union, citizenship and justice issues requiring special arrangements.

Appointed Deputy Party Leader of the Labour Party

Appointed Deputy Leader of the Labour Party

Appointed Deputy Prime Minister, responsible for fuel & energy

The UKs forced withdrawal from the European Exchange Rate Mechanism (ERM) is succeeded by a partial economic recovery with a new policy of flexible exchange rates, allowing lower interest rates and devaluation - increased demand for UK goods in export markets

In the face of Parliamentary opposition to Gaidars reforms, Yeltsin fires him and appoints businessman Viktor Chernomyrdin Prime Minister

In the face of Parliamentary opposition to Gaidars reforms, Yeltsin fires him and appoints businessman Viktor Chernomyrdin Prime Minister

The Government collapses after the right resigns over plans for Palestinian self-rule

Announces and answers questions on reorganisation of the Department of Trade and Industry.

Supports the arrangement allowing Denmark not to participate in the third stage of economic and monetary union.

Commits the Netherlands to the treaty's monetary-union framework.

Explains the economic and monetary provisions of the Maastricht settlement during Denmark's referendum campaign.

At 10:30 AM on 16 September, the British Government announced a rise in the base interest rate from an already high 10 to 12 percent to tempt speculators to buy pounds.

By 7:00 that evening, Norman Lamont, then Chancellor, announced Britain would leave the ERM and rates would remain at the new level of 12 percent

Despite this and a promise later the same day to raise base rates again to 15 percent, dealers kept selling pounds, convinced that the Government would not stick with its promise.

The United Kingdom is forced to leave the Exchange Rate Mechanism (ERM) on "Black Wednesday" when billions of pounds are lost defending the currency's value.

The Government announces a rise in the base interest rate from an already high 10 to 12 percent in order to tempt speculators to buy pounds, despite this and a promise later the same day to raise base rates again to 15 percent, dealers keep selling

Signs the North American Free Trade Treaty

The most high profile of the currency market investors, George Soros, makes over US$1 billion profit by short selling sterling

Secures a European Council decision addressing Denmark's concerns while leaving the Maastricht Treaty text unchanged.

Represents Greece as leaders address Maastricht ratification and future Community financing.

Represents Ireland as leaders address Maastricht ratification, financing and future enlargement.

Represents Denmark as the European Council considers special arrangements intended to resolve the Danish Maastricht ratification problem.

Elected Deputy Leader of the Labour Party

Elected Member of National Executive Council

The MPLA wins 58% of the congessional seats

Wins a Conservative majority in the general election.

Announces the date of the general election

The Government majority is cut to 21. Conservatives 336, Labour 271, Liberal democrats 20 & others 24

Loses the election for the deputy leadership of the Labour Party

Fianna Fail lose 9 seats but Reynolds is able to form form a coalition with Labour

UNITA rejects the official results of the 1992 presidential elections as rigged and renewed their guerrilla war

Calls elections to be held on April 21 after Maccanico is unable to form a Government

Wins the election for the leadership of the Labour Party

Delegates elect Tshisekedi as prime minister of the transitional government.

Wins election on a platform linked to security and progress with Palestinians after the First Intifada.

The Second Calfa Government ends in Prague, concluding this term as Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia.

The Strasky Government ends in Prague, concluding this term as Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia.

Addresses Commons questions concerning the engineering industry.

Addresses Commons questions concerning the Environment Business Forum.

The Edinburgh settlement clarifies that Union citizenship does not replace Danish nationality, addressing a central Danish concern.

Scores the extra-time free-kick that gives Barcelona a 1-0 European Cup final victory over Sampdoria.

At 10:30 AM the Government announces a rise in the base interest rate from 10 to 12 percent to tempt speculators to buy pounds but base rates again to 15 percent but dealers keep selling pounds. By 7:00PM Lamont announces Britain will leave the ERM and rates would remain at 12 percent

The UK is forced to leave the Exchange Rate Mechanism (ERM) on "Black Wednesday" just five months into the new Parliament when billions of pounds were spent in a futile attempt to defend the currency's value

Suspends Britains membership of the ERM.

The United Kingdom is forced to leave the Exchange Rate Mechanism (ERM) on "Black Wednesday" just five months into the new Parliament, when billions of pounds were spent in a futile attempt to defend the currencys value.

This record states: The UKs forced withdrawal from the European Exchange Rate Mechanism (ERM) is succeeded by a partial economic recovery with a new policy of flexible exchange rates, allowing lower interest rates and.

This record states: devaluation - increased demand for UK goods in export markets.

The Government announces a rise in the base interest rate from an already high 10 to 12 percent in order to tempt speculators to buy pounds, despite this and a promise later the same day to raise base rates again to 15 percent, dealers keep selling

Addresses Commons questions concerning European Regional Development Fund support.

The Taliban exiles President Rabbani and executes Najibullah

Escapes to Armenia after the collapse of his Government

Sets out Government support available to British exporters and links it to restructuring of the DTI.

Becomes Father of the House as the longest continuously serving MP.

Launches aboard Atlantis as the first Belgian astronaut.

Publishes evidence for planets orbiting pulsar PSR B1257+12.

Coaches Barcelona to the club's first European Cup after extra time against Sampdoria.

Begins the First Klaus Government in Prague and serves as Prime Minister of Czech Republic.

Lush reach the UK Top Forty with the For Love EP during the band's early alternative-rock success.

Argues that Denmark should approve the Maastricht Treaty and remain fully engaged in European cooperation.

Faces the diplomatic consequences of Denmark's rejection while the other member states continue their ratification processes.

Signs a bilateral cooperation treaty with French President François Mitterrand.

Signs a decree expanding freedom of domestic trade as part of the transition to a market economy.

French voters narrowly approved the Maastricht Treaty in a referendum backed by Mitterrand.

Supports the timetable and convergence provisions for monetary union.

Confirms French participation in the new European Union framework.

Transfers day-to-day leadership of the Russian government to acting prime minister Yegor Gaidar.

Addresses the Commons on the GATT Uruguay Round and British trade interests.

Brown is re-elected for Dunfermline East after Labour's fourth consecutive defeat.

Appointed GeneralSecretary of the United Nations

Agrees with George H. W. Bush to explore cooperation on missile warning and defenses against limited ballistic attacks.

Releases the acoustic folk album Good as I Been to You.

Admits he avoided the Vietnam war draft

Talks seek an end to the civil war.

John Lennon is given the Lifetime Achievement Award at the 34th Annual Grammy Awards

Heads the Greek government when Greece signs agreements to accede to the Schengen framework.

Represents Greece as it signs accession instruments connected with the Schengen agreements.

Releases Harvest Moon, a warm acoustic sequel in spirit to Harvest.

President becomes head of government after the prime ministership is abolished

Mojaddedi becomes interim head of the Islamic State of Afghanistan after the communist government collapses.

Assumes the title Head of State under the NPRC military government

Chea Sim serves as head of state during the transitional period

Than Shwe becomes chairman of SLORC and head of state

Appointed Home Secretary

Appointed Home Secretary

Healey enters the House of Lords as a life peer after leaving the Commons.

Releases Human Touch, one of two albums issued on the same day after the E Street Band period pauses.

Inaugurated President of the Philippines

The referendum is boycotted by Serbs, who regard it as an unconstitutional move, but achieves a 99.4% vote in favour on a 67% turnout (which almost entirely constituted of the Bosniak and Croat communities).

The Bosnian Serb Assembly proclaims the Republic of the Serb people of Bosnia and Herzegovina

A referendum on the independence of Bosnia and Herzegovina from Yugoslavia is held, many Serbs boycot the referendum while Bosniaks and Croats and pro-secession Serbs vote, 64% of eligible voters vote 98% in favor of independence

Izetbegovic announces the Bosnia's independence

The Bosnian Parliament promulgates the results of the referendum, proclaiming the republic's independence from Yugoslavia

Bosnia is recognized by the United Nations as an independent state

The republic's independence is recognized by the European Community

Resigns after the proclamation of Slovak sovereignty

Resigns after the proclamation of Slovak sovereignty

The USA recognizes the independence of Slovenia

The EC recognizes Slovenia

India opens the Tin Bigha corridor for Bangladesh under a long-term lease arrangement.

Addresses Commons questions on regeneration and industrial policy.

Deported Hamas and Islamic Jihad members establish a protest camp after expulsion by Israel

Israel deports hundreds of Palestinian Islamist activists to southern Lebanon

U. R. Rao oversees the launch of INSAT-2A, the first satellite in India's indigenously developed second-generation INSAT series.

Guides Sao Paulo to victory over Barcelona in Tokyo.

Leads Bosnia and Herzegovina as international recognition is announced.

Faces widening conflict after Bosnia and Herzegovina gains recognition.

Signs the Treaty on European Union for Ireland as Minister for Finance alongside Gerry Collins.

Heads the government when Italy deposits its Maastricht ratification instrument.

Postpones a planned visit to Japan amid disagreement over the disputed southern Kurile Islands.

Reaches agreement with George H. W. Bush on reductions beyond START I, laying the groundwork for START II.

The Edinburgh settlement confirms constitutional safeguards for Denmark regarding future transfers of sovereignty in justice and home affairs.

Supports constitutional safeguards for Danish participation in future justice and home-affairs cooperation under the Maastricht framework.

Brown is elected to Labour's National Executive Committee.

Drafts a cantonal peace plan for Bosnia.

Represents Greece as leaders review Maastricht ratification, economic policy and enlargement prospects.

Represents Denmark as Community leaders discuss the ratification crisis created by the Danish referendum result.

Signs the Lisbon Protocol making Belarus, Kazakhstan, Russia and Ukraine parties to START I alongside the United States.

Takes part in Commons proceedings on the Local Government Bill.

Presents the Bosnian government's position at the London conference.

Hosts international negotiations seeking to contain the Bosnian conflict.

Appeals for debt rescheduling and greater Western investment during a visit to Britain.

Releases Lucky Town, a more spontaneous companion album to Human Touch.

Supports convergence requirements and the planned common European currency.

Supports the creation of the Union's political and institutional structure.

Assumes responsibility for Denmark's economic policy during the negotiations seeking a Maastricht solution after Anders Fogh Rasmussen leaves government.

Supports parliamentary approval of the treaty's economic and monetary provisions before the first Danish referendum.

Signs the economic and monetary commitments contained in the Treaty on European Union as Denmark's Minister for Economic Affairs.

Promulgates the law authorising Italian ratification of the Maastricht Treaty.

Defends the government's foreign-policy case for ratifying the Maastricht Treaty during the parliamentary approval process.

Heads the government when Italy enacts the law authorising ratification of the Maastricht Treaty.

Welcomes the referendum result approving the Maastricht Treaty with 69.1 percent voting yes.

Campaigns for approval of the Maastricht Treaty before Ireland's constitutional referendum.

Campaigns for approval of the Maastricht Treaty before Denmark's first referendum on the agreement.

Acknowledges the Danish electorate's rejection of the Maastricht Treaty, with 50.7 percent voting against ratification.

Publicly defends ratification of the Maastricht Treaty and challenges Conservative Eurosceptic arguments against European integration.

Releases Magic and Loss, an album shaped by bereavement, illness and mortality.

Appointed Head of the Main Intelligence Directorate (GRU), GRU

Bobby Robson moves to Sporting Lisbon where his Portuguese interpreter is a young Jose Mourinho, future F.C. Porto and Chelsea manager

Marriage of Princess Anne to Timothy Laurence

David Bowie and model Iman hold their wedding ceremony in Florence.

The Prince and Princess of Wales are separated

The Bipatong massacre causes the ANC to withdraw from constitutional talks

Elected Member of Parliament for Huntingdon, majority 36,230

Junior officers overthrow Joseph Momoh after military failures against the RUF

Military officers led by Hugo Chavez attempted unsuccessfully to overthrow President Carlos Andres Perez.

Leads the NPRC government after Joseph Momoh is overthrown

Appointed Minister of the Duchy of Lancaster

Appointed Minister of Finance

Appointed Minister of National Heritage

Appointed Minister of Social Security

Appointed Minister of the Transport

Japan sends 1st mission since World War II, logistical support for the United Nations in Kampuchea

Kabul falls to the Mujahideen

Fighting between Hikmatrs forces & the Mujahideen in Kabul starts 4 yrs of civil war

Meets G7 leaders in Munich to seek economic support for Russia's market transition.

The transitional government signs a national pact with northern armed movements.

Appointmed Member of National Executive Council

Hubble reveals a disk of material in the core of NGC 4261 that appears to feed a massive central black hole.

Night Calls enters the UK albums chart and becomes one of his stronger later British chart releases.

Signs the North American Free Trade Treaty

Briefly chairs the National Provisional Defence Council after the coup

Becomes chairman of the National Provisional Ruling Council

Valentine Strasser becomes head of the National Provisional Ruling Council

Bush an Yeltsin cap the first day of their Washington summit by announcing their countries had agreed to slash their long-range nuclear arsenals by two-thirds

Bush an Yeltsin sign an arms reduction agreement, Yeltsin pledges to find American prisoners of war still held in Russia

Announces a strategy for one-stop shops providing advice and support to small and medium-sized businesses.

Publicly opposes the Maastricht settlement during the Conservative conference.

Is appointed a Knight Companion of the Order of the Garter.

Heads the government as the Folketing approves the Maastricht Treaty by 125 votes to 25 before the required referendum.

Appointed Party Leader of the Fianna Fail Party

Agrees a provisional cease-fire with the Allies

Agrees to a United Nations peace keeping force. Agrees reparations, destruction of chemical, nuclear & biological weapons. Agrees cease-fire with the Allies, abandons claims to Iraq

Cristiani signs peace accords ending the Salvadoran Civil War

ibn Shaker participates in peace negotiations connected with Jordanian political and historical developments.

The "Shine On" box set is released

The "Shine On" box set is released

Faces Commons debate on proposed pit closures and the Government review of the coal industry.

Works with other Community governments as Denmark seeks a politically acceptable route toward treaty ratification.

Aston Villa begins the inaugural Premier League season as a founder member.

Muravschi leaves office after the first post-independence government

Namaliu leaves office after the 1992 national election

Heng Samrin's head of state role ends as Chea Sim takes over

Appointed President of Albania after Democratic Party victory

Niyazov is elected President in the first post-independence presidential election

Rabbani succeeds Mojaddedi as president of the Islamic State of Afghanistan.

Appointed President of Austria, 1st term

Appointed President of Brazil after the resignation of Fernando Collor

Appointed President of Ecuador

Appointed President of Ecuador

Appointed President of Estonia

Appointed President of Ghana

Shankar Dayal Sharma takes office as the ninth President of India.

Appointed President of Italy

Appointed President of Italy, acting

Becomes president following the death of Kaysone Phomvihane

Appointed President of the Phillipines, 1st Protestant President

Alija Izetbegovic becomes President of the Presidency after independence preparations

Konare wins the presidential runoff concluding Mali's transition to elected civilian government.

Konare takes office as Mali's first president elected under the new democratic constitution.

Price controls are largely lifted as Yeltsin's government begins rapid market liberalization.

Appointed Prime Minister of Angola, 2nd term

Appointed Prime Minister of Estonia, 1st term

Appointed Prime Minister of Ireland

Appointed Prime Minister of Poland

Vacaroiu forms a government after the 1992 parliamentary election.

Appointed Prime Minister of Russia, 1st term

Yeltsin names Yegor Gaidar acting Prime Minister of Russia, Gaidar is never confirmed by Parliament

Appointed Prime Minister of Slovenia, 1st term

Leaves office when the 1992 constitution abolishes the separate prime ministership

Mile Akmadzic becomes Prime Minister during the Bosnian War

Jure Pelivan becomes Prime Minister of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina

Andrei Sangheli becomes Prime Minister during the early post-Soviet period

Than Shwe becomes Prime Minister after Saw Maung's removal

Issues the law defining administration of Saudi provinces.

Supports implementation of the new provincial administrative framework.

Proclaims a civil war against the Provisional Government

Proclaims a civil war against the Provisional Government

Reports the first confirmed planetary system beyond the Solar System.

Proclaims a civil war against the Provisional Government

Proclaims a civil war against the Provisional Government

Addresses Commons questions on recession and industrial conditions.

The referendum is boycotted by Serbs, who regard it as an unconstitutional move, but achieves a 99.4% vote in favour on a 67% turnout (which almost entirely constituted of the Bosniak and Croat communities).

A referendum on the independence of Bosnia and Herzegovina from Yugoslavia is held, many Serbs boycot the referendum while Bosniaks and Croats and pro-secession Serbs vote, 64% of eligible voters vote 98% in favor of independence

The Bosnian Parliament promulgates the results of the referendum, proclaiming the republic's independence from Yugoslavia

The legal system of Apartheid is repealed

Saw Maung is removed by senior military leaders

The Assembly of the Serb People proclaim the Republic of the Serb People of Bosnia and Herzegovina, declaring it part of Yugoslavia

The assembly adopted the Constitution of the Serbian Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina including districts, municipalities, and regions where Serbs are the majority and a minority because of persecution during World War II

The Serbs' assembly in session in Banja Luka declared a severance of governmental ties with Bosnia and Herzegovina

Karadzic becomes President of the Bosnian Serb administration in Pale after the breakup of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. Assumes de jure powers, as described in the constitution of the Bosnian Serb administration, includes commanding the army of the Bosnian Serb administration in times of war and peace

Karadzic declares the independent Serbian Republic of Bosnia-Herzegovina, renamed Republika Srpska

The name Republika Srpska is adopted

The Serb Parliament proclaims the "Serb Republic" (Republika Srpska)

Najibullah announces his resignation as government authority collapses and opposition forces approach Kabul.

The Federal Parliament does not elect Havel - the only candidate for presidency - due to a lack of support from Slovak MPs

Resigns after Slovak sovereignty is declared.

Resigns after the proclamation of Slovak sovereignty

Returns to the West Bank and becomes active in Fatah politics after the First Intifada.

John Lennon is inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame at the ninth annual induction dinner, Paul McCartney is his presenter, and Yoko Ono accepts the award on behalf of her late husband

John Lennon is inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame at the ninth annual induction dinner, Paul McCartney is his presenter, and Yoko Ono accepts the award on behalf of her late husband

The agreement creates mechanisms for military observation.

A referendum on the independence of Bosnia and Herzegovina from Yugoslavia is held, many Serbs boycot the referendum while Bosniaks and Croats and pro-secession Serbs vote, 64% of eligible voters vote 98% in favor of independence

Bosnia is recognized by the United Nations as an independent state

Karadzic declares the independent Serbian Republic of Bosnia-Herzegovina, renamed Republika Srpska

The Government collapses after the right resigns over plans for Palestinian self-rule

The Russian legislature confirms Russia's participation in the Commonwealth of Independent States.

The United Nations United Nations General Assembly has condemned the embargo as a violation of international law every year since 1992

The United Nations United Nations General Assembly has condemned the embargo as a violation of international law every year since 1992

Wins the Intercontinental Cup after taking the Copa Libertadores.

Admits affair with secretary

Directs Schtonk!, a satire on the Hitler diaries scandal.

Galileo makes a second Earth gravity assist, completing the planetary slingshot sequence that sends it toward Jupiter.

A second military rebellion attempted to remove President Carlos Andres Perez but failed.

Wingti returns as Prime Minister after the national election

Appointed Minister of Defence

Appointed Minister of Employment

Appointed Minister of Employment

Appointed Minister of Health

Appointed Minister of Northern Ireland

Appointed Secretary of State for Scotland

Appointed Secretary of State for the Environment

Appointed Secretary of State for Wales

The Serb Parliament proclaims the "Serb Republic" (Republika Srpska)

The Serb Parliament proclaims the "Serb Republic" (Republika Srpska)

The Seventy-fourth Amendment strengthens constitutional recognition of urban local government.

The Seventy-third Amendment gives constitutional status to Panchayati Raj institutions in rural India.

Brown wins election to Labour's Shadow Cabinet.

Appointed Member of Shadow Cabinet, Shadow Home Secretary

The Verve enter the UK singles chart with She's a Superstar during the band's early psychedelic phase.

Kabul falls to the Mujahideen

Sarajevo is encircled by Bosnian Serb forces.

Fought during the Bosnian War between poorly equipped defending forces of the Bosnian Government, who had declared independence from Yugoslavia, and the Yugoslav Peoples Army (JNA) and Bosnian Serb forces (Army of Republika Srpska) (VRS)

It is estimated that of the more than 12,000 people who were killed and 50,000 who were wounded during the siege, 85% were civilians, because of killing and forced migration, by 1995 the population decreased to 334,663 - 64% of the prewar population.

The Siege of Sarajevo becomes the longest siege in the history of modern warfare, conducted by the Serb forces of self-proclaimed Republika Srpska and Yugoslav Peoples Army, lasting from April 5, 1992 to February 29, 1996.

Sarajevo is besieged by the Army of Republika Srpska from 5 April 1992 to 29 February 1996 (1,425 days) during the Bosnian War

When Bosnia and Herzegovina declared independence from Yugoslavia after the Bosnian independence referendum the Bosnian Serbs encircle Sarajevo with a force of 13,000

A total of 13,952 people are killed during the siege, including 5,434 civilians

Serbs blockade Sarajevo

One month after the Bosnian Republics declaration of independence, Mladic and his generals, acting under orders from Belgrade, blockade the city of Sarajevo

Assumes the post of Chief of Staff/Deputy Commander of the Second Military District Headquarters of the JNA in Sarajevo

Mladic assumes the command of the Second Military District Headquarters of the JNA

Commands Bosnian Serb forces during the siege.

Mladic is appointed Commander of the Main Staff of the VRS, a position he holds until December 1996

Leads the Bosnian government as Sarajevo comes under siege.

Directs Bosnian Serb political policy during the siege's opening.

The Delors Commission completed most legislation required for the single market to begin in 1993.

The national conference resumes and asserts authority over the political transition.

Parliament adopts the declaration of Slovak sovereignty.

Supports monetary convergence and greater economic cohesion within Europe.

Lush's Spooky reaches number seven on the UK albums chart.

Joins Bobby Robson at Sporting Lisbon as an interpreter and coaching aide.

Begins the Strasky Government in Prague and serves as Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia.

Agrees with George H. W. Bush on major strategic nuclear reductions and a new post-Cold War relationship.

Conducts atmospheric and Earth-observation experiments during the ATLAS-1 mission.

Answers a parliamentary question concerning company takeovers.

The Taliban exiles President Rabbani and executes Najibullah

Succeeds Charles Haughey as Taoiseach.

Conducts Ensemble Modern during The Yellow Shark performances, presenting late orchestral works to European audiences.

Joins Lazio for a fee of 5.5 million pounds, making his debut on 27 September 1992 in a match against Genoa which was televised in Britain as well as Italy

Monsengwo leads the transitional legislature created by the Sovereign National Conference.

Yeltsin and French President Francois Mitterrand sign a cooperation Treaty in Paris

Signs the North American Free Trade Treaty

Signs the Treaty on European Union for Ireland as Minister for Finance.

Works with Community partners as Ireland accepts the Edinburgh solution to the ratification crisis.

Leads Italy when the state records completion of its own Maastricht ratification process.

Joins the Edinburgh negotiations as Italy supports continued ratification of the Treaty on European Union.

Supports Portugal's acceptance of the Edinburgh arrangements as a route toward treaty ratification.

Signs the Treaty on European Union for France as Minister of Economy and Finance.

Signs the Treaty on European Union for Italy as Treasury Minister.

Takes part in the Edinburgh summit as Portugal backs a solution to the Danish Maastricht impasse.

Signs the Treaty on European Union for Greece as Minister of National Economy.

Supports Belgium's negotiating line during the second day of the Edinburgh discussions on Maastricht.

Signs the Treaty on European Union for Ireland as Minister for Foreign Affairs.

Supports Italy's position on the Danish arrangements and the continuing Maastricht timetable.

Signs the Treaty on European Union for Italy as Foreign Minister.

Leads Belgium when it notifies the Italian depositary that its Maastricht ratification process is complete.

Represents Belgium at Edinburgh as leaders address the Danish ratification crisis and implementation of Maastricht.

Signs the Treaty on European Union for France as Foreign Minister.

Helps France assess the legal and political arrangements intended to preserve the Maastricht Treaty.

Signs the Treaty on European Union for Denmark alongside Economic Affairs Minister Anders Fogh Rasmussen.

Works on Denmark's response to the Danish settlement as the Edinburgh European Council concludes.

Signs the Treaty on European Union for Belgium as Foreign Minister.

Fernandez Ordonez adds Spain's signature to the Maastricht Treaty as the government's senior foreign-policy representative.

Signs the Treaty on European Union for Germany as Federal Foreign Minister.

Attends the Edinburgh European Council as Spain helps negotiate a response to the Danish referendum problem.

Leads Spain when it completes the formal notification required for Maastricht ratification.

Signs the Treaty on European Union for Great Britain as Foreign Secretary.

Hurd helps defend Britain's Maastricht opt-outs while the Edinburgh European Council concludes.

Signs the Treaty on European Union for Luxembourg as Finance Minister.

Helps secure Germany's support for the Edinburgh arrangements designed to unblock Maastricht ratification.

Joins the Edinburgh summit while Germany supports a settlement capable of keeping Maastricht ratification on track.

Signs the Treaty on European Union for the Netherlands as Finance Minister.

Lamont supports Britain's economic position as the Edinburgh summit addresses Maastricht and the Danish settlement.

Represents Netherlands as the European Council works to stabilise the treaty ratification process.

Leads the Netherlands when the country's ratification notification is deposited for Maastricht.

Braga de Macedo completes Portugal's treaty delegation by signing the Maastricht settlement as Finance Minister.

Wins the Commons paving motion that allows the Government to continue the Maastricht ratification process.

Represents Britain as the Edinburgh European Council opens discussions on Maastricht ratification and the Danish settlement.

Signs the Treaty on European Union for Great Britain as Financial Secretary to the Treasury.

Signs the Treaty on European Union for Belgium as Finance Minister.

Heads Greece when its ratification notification is lodged with the depositary government.

Represents Greece as leaders consider Danish concerns and the wider timetable for bringing Maastricht into force.

Serves as president when France notifies the Italian depositary that its Maastricht ratification is complete.

Carries France's position into Edinburgh while leaders work to preserve the Maastricht settlement.

Contributes to Greece's position as leaders finalise the Edinburgh response to Danish concerns.

Pinheiro signs at Maastricht on Portugal's behalf, endorsing the new Union treaty as Foreign Minister.

Signs the Treaty on European Union for Luxembourg as Foreign Minister.

Contributes to Luxembourg's support for the Edinburgh package addressing the Danish referendum result.

Signs the Treaty on European Union for Denmark as Minister for Economic Affairs.

Heads Ireland when its completed Maastricht ratification is formally notified to the Italian Government.

Represents Ireland during the summit that agrees special arrangements addressing Denmark's Maastricht concerns.

Signs the Treaty on European Union for Greece as Foreign Minister.

Heads Luxembourg when its Maastricht ratification notification is formally completed.

Leads Luxembourg at Edinburgh while the Twelve address obstacles to Maastricht's entry into force.

Takes Denmark's position to the Edinburgh European Council as the Twelve seek to rescue the ratification process.

Supports the Edinburgh compromise from Spain's diplomatic perspective as the summit closes.

Signs the Treaty on European Union for Spain as Minister of Economy and Finance.

Publishes an article in The European opposing British ratification of the Maastricht Treaty.

Signs the Treaty on European Union for the Netherlands as Foreign Minister.

Helps maintain Netherlands's backing for Maastricht while the European Council settles the Danish question.

Signs the Treaty on European Union for Germany as Federal Finance Minister.

Beregovoy helps represent France when Greece signs its Schengen accession instruments. French policy couples freer movement with stronger police coordination.

During the Schengen process, Claes welcomes Greece's Madrid accession to the Schengen agreements. Brussels also stresses coordinated policing and external-border safeguards.

Dehaene helps represent Belgium when Greece signs its Schengen accession instruments. Belgian policy links freer movement with close Benelux cooperation.

During the Schengen process, Dumas approves the Greek accession instruments signed in Madrid. Paris also emphasises effective controls at the Schengen area's external frontier.

During the Schengen process, Kinkel backs Greece's Madrid accession to the Schengen arrangements. Bonn also backs intensive police cooperation between participating states.

Kohl helps represent Germany when Greece signs its Schengen accession instruments. German policy links open internal borders with stronger external controls.

Lubbers helps represent Netherlands when Greece signs its Schengen accession instruments. Dutch policy stresses coordinated justice, policing and migration procedures.

During the Schengen process, van den Broek endorses Greece's accession to the Schengen agreements at Madrid. The Hague also supports common visa rules and effective external controls.

Participates in the formal Maastricht ceremony completing the negotiated treaty.

Tyson is convicted and imprisoned

Major's election victory maintains Government commitment to bringing Trident into service

Helps Ajax win the UEFA Cup against Torino on away goals after the two-legged final.

Contributes to Ajax's UEFA Cup triumph over Torino.

Guides Ajax to the UEFA Cup title against Torino.

Ulysses traverses the Io plasma torus and measures its charged-particle environment.

Ulysses flies past Jupiter while studying the planet's magnetosphere and surrounding plasma.

Receives Security Council support after Israel deports hundreds of Palestinians to southern Lebanon.

Slovenia is admitted to the United Nations

The Security Council imposes sanctions after Libya refuses to surrender the Lockerbie suspects.

Implements Security Council measures against the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.

Faces comprehensive international sanctions during the Yugoslav wars.

Supports deployment of a United Nations protection force in former Yugoslavia.

Faces international peacekeeping deployment amid the Yugoslav conflicts.

Iraq by and large refused to cooperate with UNSCOM and its inspections as mandated by UN SC Res.

The record states that 687 until June 1992, ten months after deadline, at which time the Iraqi Government submitted "full, final and complete reports" on all of its weapons of mass destruction programs.

These reports, however, were found to be incomplete and deficient, and at the same time UN inspectors were subjected to harassment and threats on the part of the Iraqi regime.

Iraq by and large refused to cooperate with UNSCOM and its inspections as mandated by UN SC Res.

The record states that 687 until June 1992, ten months after deadline, at which time the Iraqi Government submitted "full, final and complete reports" on all of its weapons of mass destruction programs.

These reports, however, were found to be incomplete and deficient, and at the same time UN inspectors were subjected to harassment and threats on the part of the Iraqi regime.

UN peacekeepers deploy as Khmer Rouge obstruct operations

Hun Sen continues as Prime Minister during the United Nations transition

Tells visiting US senators that archival evidence exists concerning Americans held in the Soviet Union after earlier wars.

Accepts the ceasefire framework intended to halt fighting in Croatia.

Brokers a ceasefire plan for Croatia under United Nations supervision.

Approves the framework for mass voucher privatization of state enterprises.

NPRC government promises stronger action against RUF insurgents

Signs the Washington Charter on American-Russian Partnership and Friendship during a state visit.

Waters releases "Amused to Death", about the corrupting, desensitising nature of television

Death of Alexander Dubcek

Death of Amjad Khan

Death of Earling Carothers "Jim" Garrison

Death of Harold Eugene "Hal" Roach, Sr

Dies after leading Laos since the revolutionary era

Death of Mary Wells

Death of Menachem Begin

Assassinated at a political rally by the FIS after commanding them to disband

Death of Robert Morley

Death of Willy Brandt