2014 in History

Wins 100th England international cap, has scored 44 goals, making him Englands ninth most-capped player and joint third-highest goalscorer

Scores the extra-time winner as Arsenal defeat Hull City 3-2 in the FA Cup final.

Scores the extra-time goal that gives Germany victory over Argentina in the final.

Wins the Golden Glove after Germany's World Cup triumph.

Wins the World Cup Golden Ball after Argentina finish as runners-up to Germany.

Reports to Parliament as British forces conclude their combat mission in Afghanistan.

Appointed Ambassador of Iceland to the United States

Al-Thani assumes leadership of the government after Zeidan's dismissal.

Mnangagwa becomes Vice-President after Joice Mujuru's removal.

Wins the Clacton by-election after defecting from the Conservatives to UKIP.

UKIP wins the UK European Parliament election, intensifying pressure for a referendum.

Scores a stoppage-time equaliser against Atletico Madrid.

Heads Real Madrid in front during extra time against Atletico Madrid.

Is named player of the match as Real Madrid defeat Atletico Madrid to win the Champions League.

Wins Clacton for UKIP after defecting from the Conservatives.

Scores the opening goal as Real Madrid defeat San Lorenzo 2-0 in the Club World Cup final.

Muhammad Iqbal Asi completes his two-year tenure as Force Commander of the United Nations operation in Cote d'Ivoire.

The National Constituent Assembly adopted a new democratic constitution.

Buie identifies the object later named Arrokoth in Hubble images obtained for the New Horizons target search.

Jewitt leads Hubble observations showing asteroid P/2013 R3 breaking into multiple pieces without evidence for a high-speed collision.

The General National Congress dismisses Zeidan after a disputed oil shipment leaves Libya.

The House of Representatives elects Saleh as its speaker.

Argues for changes to European free movement rules and tighter controls on access to welfare.

Guides Sevilla past Benfica in the Europa League final.

Opposes Jean-Claude Juncker's nomination for European Commission president during European Council negotiations.

Presses European leaders to increase financial and medical support for the international response to Ebola.

Scores both goals as Real Madrid defeat Sevilla 2-0 to win the European Super Cup.

Scores in extra time as Argentina defeat Switzerland 1-0 in the World Cup round of sixteen.

Scores Arsenal's equaliser against Hull City to take the FA Cup final into extra time.

Scores a long-range free kick to begin Arsenal's comeback from two goals down against Hull City.

The final shipment of chemicals declared by Syria is removed from the country for destruction.

Narendra Modi is sworn in as Prime Minister after the BJP wins a parliamentary majority in the 2014 general election.

Lotz leads the Frontier Fields program as Hubble obtains an exceptionally deep view of galaxy cluster Abell 2744.

Coaches Germany to its fourth World Cup title and first as a unified nation.

Makes a succession of saves to keep the United States in contention during the extra-time World Cup defeat by Belgium.

His government ends in Helsinki, concluding this term as Prime Minister of Finland.

Hubble measurements show Jupiter's Great Red Spot has shrunk to its smallest size then recorded.

Mehdi Jomaa became head of a technocratic government charged with organizing elections.

Libyans elect a new House of Representatives amid deteriorating security.

The accord seeks a ceasefire and renewed political cooperation.

Beji Caid Essebsi was sworn in as president of Tunisia.

GSLV-D5 flies successfully with an indigenous cryogenic upper stage during K. Radhakrishnan's chairmanship.

The House of Representatives approves al-Thani's eastern-based interim government.

The IAEA begins additional monitoring and verification related to nuclear measures under the Joint Plan of Action.

Sets out a strategy for confronting ISIL and its territorial expansion across Iraq and Syria.

Starmer receives a knighthood for services to law and criminal justice.

Guides Real Madrid to their long-awaited tenth European Cup.

Heads a stoppage-time equaliser against Atletico Madrid before Real Madrid win the European Cup in extra time.

Scores in stoppage time to give Argentina a 1-0 World Cup victory over Iran.

Tunisia elected the first Assembly of the People's Representatives under the 2014 Constitution.

Drives forward and scores Real Madrid's third goal during extra time.

India's Mars Orbiter Mission enters Martian orbit during K. Radhakrishnan's tenure, succeeding on the country's first attempt to reach Mars.

Arif participates in national development connected with Jordanian political and historical developments.

Oversees conclusion of the National Dialogue Conference.

Takes responsibility for guiding Portugal toward Euro 2016.

Meets NATO Secretary General Anders Fogh Rasmussen ahead of the alliance summit in Wales.

New Horizons begins its fourth major hibernation cycle before the final approach to Pluto.

Controllers wake New Horizons from hibernation for the final time before its active Pluto encounter.

Raheel Sharif oversees the launch of Operation Zarb-e-Azb against militant networks in North Waziristan.

Supports the Peace and National Partnership Agreement.

Directs Phoenix.

Arif participates in political reform connected with Jordanian political and historical developments.

Is appointed manager of the Portugal senior national team.

Modi launches the Jan Dhan programme to expand access to bank accounts and basic financial services.

Donaldson Romeo becomes Premier after the People's Democratic Movement election victory

Akhmetov leaves the prime ministership

Dragan Covic returns as Croat member of the Presidency

Mladen Ivanic becomes Serb member of the Presidency

Returns to office as President of Chile for a second non-consecutive term.

Appointed President of Panama

Becomes president after defeating Robert Fico.

Sanchez Ceren becomes President after the 2014 election

Wins the presidential runoff against Victor Ponta.

Morales wins election to another presidential term with a legislative majority.

Tunisia held the first round of its first competitive direct presidential election after the revolution.

Beji Caid Essebsi won the presidential runoff election.

Takes office after winning the May presidential election.

Takes office as Prime Minister of Finland and forms a government in Helsinki.

Mohammed Boun Abdallah Dionne becomes Prime Minister under President Macky Sall

Is presented as a Real Madrid player after arriving from Bayern Munich.

Announces retirement from international football

The E Street Band is inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame for musical excellence.

Iohannis wins the presidential election against Victor Ponta.

Holds the Scottish independence referendum, which produces a No vote.

Brown campaigns for Scotland to remain within a reformed United Kingdom.

Responds to the Scottish referendum result and promises further devolution.

Karim Massimov returns as Prime Minister

Scores his seventeenth goal of the campaign, setting a single-season Champions League record.

Wins his first UEFA club trophy as a manager.

Scores six goals for Colombia to finish as the tournament's leading scorer.

Chelsea defeat Arsenal 6-0 at Stamford Bridge in one of Mourinho's largest Premier League victories.

Modi launches the Swachh Bharat Mission as a national sanitation and cleanliness campaign.

Pink Floyd release The Endless River, built from sessions recorded for The Division Bell

The historical drama The Imitation Game, directed by Morten Tyldum and starring Benedict Cumberbatch as Turing and Keira Knightley as Joan Clarke, is released in the UK

The historical drama The Imitation Game, directed by Morten Tyldum and starring Benedict Cumberbatch as Turing and Keira Knightley as Joan Clarke, is released in the UK

The historical drama The Imitation Game, directed by Morten Tyldum and starring Benedict Cumberbatch as Turing and Keira Knightley as Joan Clarke, is released in the UK

Release The Who Hits 50 compilation.

Delegates approve principles for a future federal state.

Scores twice as Argentina defeat Nigeria 3-2 and complete a perfect World Cup group stage.

Defects from the Conservatives to UKIP before winning a by-election.

Teplitz helps add ultraviolet observations to the Hubble Ultra Deep Field, improving the record of star formation across cosmic history.

Addresses the United Nations on Ukraine, Ebola, the Middle East and the threat posed by ISIL.

Calls on people across Britain to argue positively for Scotland to remain in the United Kingdom.

The United Nations appoints Hafiz Masroor Ahmed of Pakistan as Force Commander of UNOCI.

ESA ends Venus Express operations after fuel depletion following more than eight years of observations around Venus.

Chelsea win 2-0 at Anfield with a disciplined tactical performance against the league leaders.

Hosts NATO leaders in Wales for talks on Russia, defence spending, Afghanistan and emerging security threats.

Scores the opening goal in extra time as Belgium defeat the United States 2-1 in the World Cup round of 16.

Scores Belgium's second extra-time goal in the 2-1 World Cup victory over the United States.

Scores Argentina's second goal in the 2-1 World Cup group-stage victory over Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Guides Belgium to their first World Cup quarter-final since 1986 before Argentina win 1-0.

Scores his sixteenth World Cup goal to become the competition's all-time leading scorer at the time.

Saves two penalties as Argentina eliminate the Netherlands and reach the World Cup final.

Guides the Netherlands to third place at the World Cup after an unbeaten run through regulation time.

Scores the only goal as Argentina defeat Belgium in the World Cup quarter-final.

Scores Argentina's third goal to secure a 3-2 World Cup victory over Nigeria.

Death of Ariel Sharon

Dies in Crawford, Colorado, aged seventy.

Death of Mike Nichols