2016 in History

Scores the only goal as Arsenal defeat Chelsea to win the Women's FA Cup at Wembley.

Makes his Ajax first-team debut as a seventeen-year-old defender.

Promotes stronger disclosure of company ownership as part of the government's anti-corruption agenda.

Releases Blackstar on his sixty-ninth birthday, a final studio album made with Tony Visconti and jazz musicians.

Co-produces Blackstar, Bowie's final studio album, released two days before Bowie's death.

Condemns Boris Johnson's comparison between European integration and Hitler's ambitions, calling the analogy irresponsible and damaging to serious referendum debate.

Criticises Boris Johnson's decision to support Leave, arguing that uncertainty about such a fundamental choice favours remaining in the European Union.

Secures a renegotiated EU membership deal at the European Council.

Announces that the EU membership referendum will be held on 23 June 2016.

Addresses Parliament in support of remaining in the European Union.

The United Kingdom votes in the referendum on European Union membership.

Announces that he will resign after the Leave victory.

Leaves office after the Brexit referendum result and hands office to Theresa May.

Campaigns for Remain after Labour confirms its position.

Is murdered in Birstall during the referendum campaign.

Murder of Jo Cox during the referendum campaign.

Vote Leave is designated the official Leave campaign.

Vote Leave is designated the official campaign for leaving the European Union.

Appointed Secretary of State for Exiting the European Union.

The Department for Exiting the European Union begins work.

Campaigns for Leave after the referendum date is announced.

Unveils the Breaking Point poster during the referendum campaign.

Celebrates the Leave victory after the referendum result.

Appointed International Trade Secretary in the new Brexit-focused government.

Declares support for leaving the European Union.

Announces his support for Leave as a senior cabinet minister.

Enters the Conservative leadership contest after the referendum.

Responds to the referendum result as Foreign Secretary.

Appointed Chancellor of the Exchequer by Theresa May.

Campaigns for Leave as a Conservative MEP.

Campaigns for Leave as a Labour MP.

Announces support for the campaign to leave the European Union.

Backs Leave, becoming one of the campaign's highest-profile Conservative figures.

Declines to stand for Conservative leader after Michael Gove enters the contest.

Appointed Foreign Secretary in Theresa May's first cabinet.

Supports Remain as First Minister of Wales.

Is elected Mayor of London during the referendum campaign and supports Remain.

Campaigns for Vote Leave during the referendum.

Withdraws from the Conservative leadership contest.

Gives a speech supporting remaining in the European Union.

Becomes Conservative leader after Andrea Leadsom withdraws.

Becomes Conservative leader after Andrea Leadsom withdraws from the contest.

Becomes Prime Minister after David Cameron resigns.

The government accepts Parliament will vote on the final Brexit deal.

Wins the High Court case requiring parliamentary authorisation before Article 50.

Supports the Remain campaign as Chancellor of the Exchequer.

Makes a statement seeking to calm markets after the referendum result.

Campaigns for Vote Leave during the referendum.

Campaigns for Leave as a Conservative MP.

Resigns from cabinet during the referendum period and campaigns for Leave.

Serves as chair of Vote Leave.

Campaigns for Scotland to remain in the European Union.

Says a second Scottish independence referendum is highly likely after Scotland votes Remain.

Announces the national EU referendum result in Manchester.

May tells the Conservative Party conference that Brexit means Brexit.

Expanded Panama Canal opens with the inaugural transit through the new locks

Expanded Panama Canal opens with a new set of locks

Political parties and national organizations signed the Carthage Agreement outlining priorities for a national unity government.

Converts Real Madrid's first penalty in the shootout victory over Atletico Madrid.

Converts the decisive penalty as Real Madrid win the shootout against Atletico.

Qamar Javed Bajwa becomes Chief of Army Staff, succeeding General Raheel Sharif.

Responds in Parliament to publication of the Iraq Inquiry report chaired by Sir John Chilcot.

Makes important saves throughout Portugal's European Championship victory.

New Horizons images 1994 JR1 from about 111 million kilometres away, then the closest spacecraft observations of a small Kuiper Belt object.

Manchester United defeat Leicester City at Wembley to win the Community Shield.

Scores in extra time as Barcelona defeat Sevilla to retain the Copa del Rey.

Calls for a cross-party parliamentary effort to examine the available options and articulate a case for reconsidering Brexit once the proposed terms become clear.

Uses the World Economic Forum to discuss Britain's economy, employment and European reform.

Uses the World Economic Forum to argue for reform of Britain's European Union membership terms.

Reviews his government's record and thanks colleagues, public servants and his family before leaving office.

Burnham leaves the shadow home portfolio while preparing for the mayoral campaign.

Campaigns for Leave as Democratic Unionist Party leader.

The Sigmundur David Gunnlaugsson Government ends, concluding this term as Prime Minister of Iceland.

The United Kingdom votes in the referendum on European Union membership.

Campaigns for and votes for continued British membership of the European Union in the referendum held on 23 June.

Answers questions on European Union membership during a televised referendum programme.

Secures a renegotiated EU membership deal at the European Council.

Reports to the House of Commons on draft proposals emerging from the European Union renegotiation.

Secures a place in the European Championship semi-finals.

Sends Portugal into the quarter-finals with a close-range header.

Is named young player of the European Championship.

Creates Romelu Lukaku's opening goal during Belgium's 3-0 European Championship victory over the Republic of Ireland.

Helps Portugal win the tournament during his international breakthrough.

Keeps a clean sheet as Portugal defeats France in the final.

Heads Belgium's opening goal in the 4-0 European Championship round-of-16 victory over Hungary.

Scores with his first touch after coming on as Belgium defeat Hungary 4-0.

Scores Belgium's fourth goal to complete the 4-0 European Championship victory over Hungary.

Scores Belgium's third goal after creating the second in the 4-0 victory over Hungary.

Heads Belgium's second goal in the 3-0 European Championship victory over the Republic of Ireland.

Scores the late winning goal as Belgium defeat Sweden 1-0 and reach the European Championship knockout stage.

Scores a long-range opening goal before Wales recover to defeat Belgium 3-1 in the European Championship quarter-final.

Helps Portugal win the European Championship final.

Captains Portugal to its first European Championship title.

Guides Portugal to victory at the European Championship.

Updates Parliament on negotiations and says the substance of an EU agreement matters more than speed.

Emphasises that European cooperation transformed relations among democratic states after repeated continental wars and should not be compared with coercive empire.

North Korea conducts its fifth nuclear test.

Takes Prime Minister's Questions for the final time before leaving Downing Street.

Wins the Champions League less than five months after taking charge of Real Madrid.

Juno returns the first close images of Jupiter's north pole, revealing dense storm systems.

North Korea conducts its fourth nuclear test.

Hosts an international summit aimed at exposing corruption, improving transparency and strengthening enforcement.

Oesch leads Hubble observations that identify GN-z11 as the most distant known galaxy at the time.

Starmer moves a motion demanding publication of the Government's Brexit plan.

Sarraj and Presidency Council members arrive by sea to begin governing from Tripoli.

Reitze announces the first direct detection of gravitational waves by the LIGO collaboration

May announces plans for legislation transferring European Union law into domestic law.

Youssef Chahed became head of government following parliamentary approval.

Announces that Iran completed the nuclear-related preparatory steps required to begin implementation of the JCPOA.

Juno completes its first close Jupiter pass with the full science instrument suite operating.

Juno enters a polar orbit around Jupiter after a five-year interplanetary journey.

Campaigns for leaving the European Union during the referendum.

Supports leaving the European Union as Leader of the House of Commons.

Designated official campaign for leaving the European Union.

Sets out a social reform agenda focused on improving life chances for disadvantaged families.

Parker leads Hubble observations discovering a small dark moon orbiting the dwarf planet Makemake.

Parker leads Hubble observations revealing a small dark moon orbiting the Kuiper Belt dwarf planet Makemake.

Is appointed Manchester United manager on a three-year contract.

Wins his first Premier League match as Manchester United manager against Bournemouth.

Midland Metro trams begin running through the city centre to Grand Central.

The final stored data from the 2015 Pluto encounter finish downloading to Earth after more than fifteen months.

Is awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature.

North Korea conducts its fifth announced nuclear test explosion.

North Korea announces its fourth nuclear test explosion, detected by the international monitoring system.

Scores the decisive penalty in the Olympic final shootout.

Faces questions over family finances after the Panama Papers revelations.

The 2005 Amendment to the Convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Material enters into force.

II participates in political reform connected with Jordanian political and historical developments.

Supports teammates from the sideline after leaving the final injured.

Contributes throughout the tournament as an experienced central midfielder.

Becomes the first manager winning a senior international title for Portugal.

Reports to Parliament after the referendum and discusses the transition following the vote to leave.

Thein Sein leaves office after the transition to an NLD-led government

Timofti leaves office after one presidential term

Appointed President of Brazil after the impeachment of Dilma Rousseff

Becomes president of Laos

Igor Dodon becomes President after Moldova returns to direct presidential election

Htin Kyaw becomes President after the NLD election victory

Becomes Prime Minister after David Cameron resigns.

Becomes prime minister of Laos

Pavel Filip becomes Prime Minister after Parliament confirms his cabinet

Bakytzhan Sagintayev becomes Prime Minister

Scores Real Madrid's first-half goal against Atletico Madrid.

Announces that the EU membership referendum will be held on 23 June 2016.

Campaigns for Remain by emphasizing economic risks he associates with leaving the European Union.

The Leave side wins the referendum by 52 percent to 48 percent.

After the Leave victory, argues that Parliament should examine the actual withdrawal terms before treating the referendum as settling every detail of Britain's future relationship.

Campaigns for Remain by arguing that European Union membership contributes to British national security.

Addresses Parliament in support of remaining in the European Union.

Campaigns for continued British membership of the European Union as a senior Conservative figure.

Supports Remain and criticises Leave campaign claims.

Designated official campaign for remaining in the European Union.

Attends a Britain Stronger in Europe fundraising event alongside business and political figures supporting continued European Union membership.

Argues during the referendum campaign that younger pro-European voters need to be mobilised to participate in the vote.

Joins senior politicians from different parties in a late referendum appeal urging voters to reject division and isolation and remain in the European Union.

Withdraws support for Leave and backs Remain during the referendum campaign.

Announces that he will resign as Prime Minister after the referendum result.

Resigns as Member of Parliament for Witney.

Starmer resigns from the shadow front bench after the European Union referendum.

ISRO flies the RLV-TD technology demonstrator during A. S. Kiran Kumar's tenure, testing systems intended for reusable launch vehicles.

Is inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as part of Deep Purple's recognised classic membership.

Is inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of Deep Purple.

Government and opposition representatives agree on elections and transitional power-sharing.

Presents the national programme for economic and social transformation.

Chairs the cabinet session approving Saudi Vision 2030.

An indigenous air-breathing scramjet technology demonstrator is flight-tested during A. S. Kiran Kumar's chairmanship.

Massimov leaves government leadership for security council duties

Constitutional changes lengthen future presidential terms to seven years

Is elected party chairman at the Seventh Congress.

Establishes an unprecedented sequence of three straight tournament victories.

Starmer becomes Labour's Shadow Secretary of State for Exiting the European Union.

Begins the Sigurdur Ingi Johannsson Government and serves as Prime Minister of Iceland.

Forces aligned with the Government of National Accord complete the campaign for Sirte.

Research proposes that Pluto's nitrogen-rich Sputnik Planitia could have formed early and migrated as the dwarf planet's rotation evolved.

Models using New Horizons data show that Sputnik Planitia's nitrogen ice is renewed by slow convection, producing polygonal surface cells.

Becomes chairman of the State Affairs Commission.

Aung San Suu Kyi becomes State Counsellor and de facto head of government

Voters reject a constitutional amendment allowing Morales to seek another consecutive term.

Releases The Heavy Entertainment Show, opening another period of arena-focused pop performance.

Releases Theme from Likely Stories, which reaches number two on the UK vinyl singles chart.

Guides Sevilla to a third consecutive Europa League title.

Directs Toni Erdmann.

Joins Liverpool from Newcastle United and becomes an important midfielder under Jurgen Klopp.

Scores twice as Belgium defeat the Republic of Ireland 3-0 in the European Championship group stage.

Voyager 1's ultraviolet spectrometer is switched off as part of long-term power conservation.

Attends the NATO summit in Warsaw during his final week as Prime Minister.

Scores the extra-time winner against Croatia at Euro 2016.

Secures Brazil's first men's Olympic football gold medal.

Converts Portugal's decisive penalty in the shootout against Poland.

Wins the Witney by-election for the Conservatives after Cameron's resignation.

Publishes Born to Run, a memoir about his life, music and struggles with depression.

Dies in New York two days after the release of Blackstar, closing one of popular music's most influential careers.

Death of Fidel Castro

Dies aged ninety after a career that reshaped record production and the Beatles' studio sound.

Dies in New York, prompting major tributes to his role as Eagles co-founder and songwriter.

Death of Shimon Peres

Death of Vera Rubin