Helmut Kohl

Attends his first European Council as chancellor while the Community addresses budgetary and institutional questions.

Hosts the European Council as leaders adopt the Solemn Declaration on European Union.

Reports to the Bundestag on the Stuttgart European Council and its declaration on European Union.

Reports to the European Parliament on Stuttgart and stresses implementation of stronger European political cooperation.

Represents Germany as leaders seek a durable settlement of Community budget disputes and institutional reform.

Represents Germany as the Milan European Council considers institutional reform and completion of the internal market.

Heads the German government as Spain and Portugal join the European Communities, expanding membership to twelve.

Heads the German government when Germany joins the first group of states signing the Single European Act.

Heads the German government when the Single European Act enters into force and strengthens the internal-market programme.

Hosts the European Council as leaders discuss monetary integration and the next stage of the internal market.

Represents Germany as leaders approve launching the first stage of economic and monetary union in July 1990.

Represents Germany as leaders consider monetary union, political change in Europe and future treaty negotiations.

Represents Germany at the special European Council discussing German unification and the changing political order in Europe.

Heads the German government when the five original Schengen states sign the convention implementing border-free travel arrangements.

Represents Germany as leaders advance preparations for the second stage of economic and monetary union.

Backs simultaneous negotiations on political union and economic and monetary union.

Takes Germany's position to Luxembourg as leaders examine the two intergovernmental conferences.

Represents Germany as the Maastricht European Council opens the decisive negotiations on European Union.

Takes Germany's position into the opening day of the Maastricht European Council.

Supports the final Maastricht settlement establishing the route toward economic and monetary union.

Joins the Edinburgh summit while Germany supports a settlement capable of keeping Maastricht ratification on track.

Represents Germany as leaders formulate conditions that future candidate countries must meet before joining the European Union.

Leads Germany when it submits its Maastricht ratification notification to the Italian depositary.

Leads Germany when the Maastricht Treaty takes legal effect and establishes the European Union.

Heads the German government when the Maastricht Treaty enters into force and the European Union is established.

Represents Germany as leaders discuss enlargement, institutional development and preparation for the next intergovernmental conference.

Hosts the European Council as leaders develop a pre-accession strategy for Central and Eastern European applicant states.

Meets Jacques Chirac before the Madrid European Council and reaffirms commitment to the planned single currency.

Represents Germany as leaders agree the timetable for monetary union and choose euro as the single currency's name.

Represents Germany as European leaders begin the Amsterdam summit that reaches political agreement on treaty reform.

Supports launching the Union's enlargement process with countries of Central and Eastern Europe and Cyprus.

Represents Germany when leaders decide that eleven member states meet the conditions to adopt the euro from 1999.