Reign of Terror

The execution of Louis XVI intensifies conflict between Jacobins Girondins and foreign enemies of the Republic.

Lazare Nicholas Marguerite Carnot voted for the immediate execution of Louis XVI.

Girondin leader Maximin Isnard proposes the creation of a nine-member Committee of Public Safety.

Georges Jacques Danton helped form the committee of public safety which assumes dictatorial powers.

The Committee of Public Safety is formed based upon Isnards proposal.

Forms the Revolutionary Tribunal and leads it until July.

ending with a widespread program of execution, the Reign of Terror in their last months.

The Jacobins will hold power until the summer of 1794, and they repeatedly purged the Convention of those they held disloyal to the Republic, ending with a widespread program of execution, the Reign of Terror in their last months.

Robespierre promoted a Republic of Virtue while Jacobin rule intensified repression before his overthrow on 9 Thermidor.

Jacques Nicolas Billaud-Varenne proposed execution of unsuccessful generals and the creation of a revolutionary army.

Jacques Nicolas Billaud-Varenne proposed expelling foreigners and taxing the rich. Proposes execution of unsuccessful generals and the creation of a revolutionary army.

Georges Jacques Danton left the Committee of Public Safety.

Robespierre joined the Committee of Public Safety as it expanded control over wartime policy, the Terror and the levee en masse.

Robespierre joins the Committee of Public Safety while Jacobin influence over revolutionary government increases.

The Committee is responsible for interpreting and applying the decrees of the National Convention, and thus for implementing some of the most stringent policies of the Terror and the levee en masse.

Saint-Just joined the Committee of Public Safety and became one of its most forceful younger members.

Lazare Nicholas Marguerite Carnot became a member of the Committee of Public Safety.

Found guilty of treason by a revolutionary tribunal and guillotined.

Popular pressure places terror on the order of the day as Jacobin dominated government confronts war and revolt.

The Law of Suspects expands arrests of those considered enemies of the Revolution during Jacobin rule.

Billaud-Varenne supported formally naming the extraordinary criminal court the Revolutionary Tribunal.

Saint-Just reported for suspending the 1793 Constitution and maintaining revolutionary government until peace.

The execution of Marie-Antoinette by the Guillotine. Death of Marie-Antoinette, executed by the guillotine.

Marie-Antoinette was executed by guillotine.

The Revolutionary Tribunal condemned Brissot with fellow Girondins, and he went to the guillotine in Paris.

Olympe de Gouges was executed after conviction by the Revolutionary Tribunal for her political publications.

Bailly's Revolutionary Tribunal sentence was carried out at the Champ de Mars after his conviction in Paris.

Billaud-Varenne presented proposals for strengthening revolutionary government and central authority.

Barnave was executed in Paris after revolutionary authorities prosecuted his links with the royal family.

The broad and centralized powers of the Committee are codified by the Law of 14 Frimaire (also known as the Law of Revolutionary Government).

Desmoulins quickly turned his pen against the Committee of Public Safety and the Committee of General Security, comparing their reign to that of the Roman tyrants chronicled by Tacitus and expounding the "indulgent" views of the Dantonist faction.

Desmoulins launched Le Vieux Cordelier against the Hebertists, then increasingly criticized emergency committees and promoted the Dantonist call for clemency.

Billaud-Varenne argued that the National Convention alone should direct the revolutionary government.

Jacques Nicolas Billaud-Varenne became a member of the Committee of Public Safety.

Boissy DAnglais became a member of the Committee of Public Safety.

Carried out by the French Committee of Public Safety.

Maximin Isnard proposed a committee of 9, the Committee of Public Safety.

Emmanuel Joseph Sieyes became a member of the Committee of Public Safety.

Guillotined for failing to drive the Austrians out of Eastern France.

Jacques Nicolas Billaud-Varenne published "Elements de Republicanisme", demands the redistribution of property.

Raises the Levee En Masse conscripting the entire male population of France, August. Creates 14 armies from untrained recruits.

Raises the 1st ever compulsory national conscription. Carried out by the French Committee of Public Safety.

Billaud-Varenne supported official commemoration of the execution of Louis XVI as a republican political anniversary.

Robespierre linked republican government with civic virtue in a major report on political morality.

Hebert was executed with leading members of the Hebertist faction.

Hebert and leading Hebertists are executed after being accused of conspiracy against the revolutionary government.

Danton and his allies are arrested after criticism of the Terror and the Committee of Public Safety.

The Committee of Public Safety and the Committee of General Security ensure that Desmoulins and Danton are arrested.

Georges Jacques Danton was executed.

Danton and several allies are executed leaving Robespierre and the committees more isolated.

Robespierre presented the report that led the Convention to recognize the Supreme Being and the immortality of the soul.

The Army of the North defeats an Allied Army at Turcoing.

The Law of 22 Prairial, proposed by the Committee of Public Safety and enacted on June 10, 1794, went further in establishing the iron control of the Revolutionary Tribunal and, above it, the Committee's of Public Safety and General Security.

The Law of 22 Prairial accelerates Revolutionary Tribunal procedures and increases fear of political purge.

In revolutionary tribunals juries have to decide between acquital or death. In revolutionary tribunals Defence lawyers are banned. Allows juries to convict without hearing evidence. A law is passed establishing the Great Terror.

In revolutionary tribunals juries have to decide between acquital or death. In revolutionary tribunals Defence lawyers are banned.

Alexandre de Beauharnais was executed in Paris during the Terror.

Beauharnais was guillotined in Paris after his arrest and prosecution during the Terror.

Saint-Just prepares to defend the Committee of Public Safety as opposition to Robespierre grows.

Saint-Just prepares to defend Robespierre and the authority of the Committee of Public Safety.

The Jacobin Club is closed after the execution of Robespierre and other members on 9 Thermidor of the year II (27 July 1794).

Barere accepts the turn against Robespierre and supports emergency measures by the Convention.

Carnot stands with members of the government who reject Robespierres domination.

Dumas supports the Commune resistance and is later seized with the Robespierrists.

Taken from the hotel de ville and guillotined with 21 of his supporters.

Robespierre was removed from the Revolutionary Tribunal.

Couthon is executed as one of the principal Robespierrist leaders.

Dumas is executed after the fall of the Robespierrists.

Fleuriot-Lescot is executed for his role in the Paris Commune resistance.

Hanriot is executed for supporting the Commune revolt against the Convention.

Robespierre is executed and the Jacobin Club loses its dominant position in revolutionary politics.

Robespierre is executed by guillotine on 10 Thermidor after being declared an outlaw.

Saint-Just is executed with Robespierre and other allies after the Thermidorian revolt.

Saint-Just is executed with Robespierre and other leading supporters.

The ultimate political vehicle for the Jacobin movement was the Reign of Terror overseen by the Committee of Public Safety, who were given executive powers to purify and unify the Republic.

Robespierre tries to found the Republic of Virtue, until the Jacobins last purge, 9 Thermidor, in July 1794, executed Robespierre himself.

Jacobin rule increasingly depended on the Committee of Public Safety until Robespierre’s overthrow weakened the movement.

The Reign of Terror reached its political peak under the emergency committees before Robespierre’s fall on 9 Thermidor.

The Convention redistributes executive power among committees to prevent another concentration of authority.

Carrier is tried and executed as the Convention turns against extreme agents of the Terror.

Freron encourages young anti Jacobin militants during the reaction against the Terror.

The ultimate political vehicle for the Jacobin movement was the Reign of Terror overseen by the Committee of Public Safety, who were given executive powers to purify and unify the Republic.