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Historical person

Tzu Hsi Biography

Historical biography and chronological timeline for Tzu Hsi, based on 33 World History Database records associated with China.

33 records1856โ€“190228 events17 places

Chronological biography

1856

Birth of only son1856
House / House of Ching ยท Empress

Gives birth to the Emperors only son

1861

Regency1861
House / House of Ching ยท Empress ยท Regent

Appointed Co-regent

1875

Regency1875
House / House of Ching ยท Empress ยท Regent

Appointed Regent

1881

Invasion of Vietnam1881
Warfare / French Indochina War ยท Empress ยท Regent ยท Tonking

China sends troops down the Red River to occupy Tonkin

Rule of Vietnam1881
Warfare / French Indochina War ยท Empress ยท Regent

China declares sovereignty over Annam, Vietnam

1882

Rule of Tonkin1882
Warfare / French Indochina War ยท Empress ยท Regent ยท Tonkin

France obtains a Vietnamese agreement on a Treaty ceding Tonkin

Treaty of Tonkin1882
Warfare / French Indochina War ยท Empress ยท Regent ยท Tonkin

France obtains a Vietnamese agreement on a Treaty ceding Tonkin

1883

Invasion of Tonkin1883
Warfare / French Indochina War ยท Empress ยท Regent ยท Tonkin

France expands in Tonking & China makes undeclared war with France

Rule of Black River1883
Warfare / French Indochina War ยท Empress ยท Regent ยท River Black

The French establish themselves in the Black River Valley

Siege of Haiphong1883
Warfare / French Indochina War ยท Empress ยท Regent ยท Haiphong

The French seize Haiphong & Hanoi & bombarded the Vietnamese capital of Hue

Siege of Hanoi1883
Warfare / French Indochina War ยท Empress ยท Regent ยท Hanoi

The French seize Haiphong & Hanoi & bombarded the Vietnamese capital of Hue

Siege of Hue1883
Warfare / French Indochina War ยท Empress ยท Regent ยท Hue

The French seize Haiphong & Hanoi & bombarded the Vietnamese capital of Hue

Siege of Pallen1883
Warfare / French Indochina War ยท Empress ยท Regent ยท Pallen

The Chinese are driven out of Pallen

Siege of Son-Tay1883
Warfare / French Indochina War ยท Empress ยท Regent ยท Son-Tay

The Chinese are driven out of Son-Tay

Treaty of Tonkin1883
Warfare / French Indochina War ยท Empress ยท Regent ยท Tonkin

China breaks the Treaty ceding Tonkin to France

Peace Treaty25 August 1883
Warfare / French Indochina War ยท Empress ยท Regent

A Treaty recognizes French protectorates over Tonkin & Annam

Rule of Annam25 August 1883
Warfare / French Indochina War ยท Empress ยท Regent ยท Annam

A Treaty recognizes French protectorates over Tonkin & Annam

Rule of Tonkin25 August 1883
Warfare / French Indochina War ยท Empress ยท Regent ยท Tonkin

A Treaty recognizes French protectorates over Tonkin & Annam

1884

Rule of Indochina1884
Warfare / French Indochina War ยท Empress ยท Regent

France expands in Indochina after winning a war against China

PeaceMay 1884
Warfare / French Indochina War ยท Empress ยท Regent ยท Beijing

Peace negotiations break down in Peking

Battle of Bac-le23 June 1884
Warfare / French Indochina War ยท Empress ยท Regent ยท Bac-le

The Chinese defeat a French force

Siege of Foochow23 August 1884
Warfare / French Indochina War ยท Empress ยท Regent ยท Foochow

The French destroy a Chinese naval squadron at Foochow

Siege of Chi-lung23 October 1884
Warfare / French Indochina War ยท Empress ยท Regent ยท Chi-lung

The French bombard Chi-lung

1885

Capture of Langson13 February 1885
Warfare / French Indochina War ยท Empress ยท Regent ยท Langson

The French capture Langson

Capture of LangsonMarch 1885
Warfare / French Indochina War ยท Empress ยท Regent ยท Langson

China recaptures Langson

Siege of Chi-lungMarch 1885
Warfare / French Indochina War ยท Empress ยท Regent ยท Chi-lung

Chi-lung surrenders to the French

Rule of Pescadores9 June 1885
Warfare / French Indochina War ยท Empress ยท Regent ยท Pescadores

Under the Treaty of Tientsin French occupied areas of Pescadores are returned to China

Treaty of Tientsin9 June 1885
Warfare / French Indochina War ยท Empress ยท Regent ยท Tientsin

The status quo is restored, France returns occupied areas in Formosa & Pescadores

1886

Yiheyuan Palace1886
House / House of Ching ยท Empress ยท Regent ยท Yiheyuan Palace

Money which should have modernized Chinas Navy is spent rebuiding the Yiheyuan Palace

1889

Retirement1889
House / House of Ching ยท Empress ยท Regent

Retires when the Emperor comes of age

1898

Hundred Days Reform1898
House / House of Ching ยท Empress ยท Regent

The "Hundred Days Reform", launched by emperor Guang Hsu/Guang Xu to modernize China, fails when the mother of the emperor, Tsu Hsi/Ci Xi, has him arrested and confined in the Forbidden City

1902

Decree1902
House / House of Ching ยท Empress ยท Regent

A decree is passed allowing the study of western science. A decree abolishes the binding of womens feet

Reform of Education1902
House / House of Ching ยท Empress ยท Regent

A decree is passed allowing the study of western science. A decree abolishes the binding of womens feet

Titles and roles

Empress ยท Empress ยท Regent

Record provenance

This biography is assembled from World History Database records filtered by country and personal-name fields. Exact duplicate display records are removed. The database is an index rather than a complete narrative biography; formal research should verify entries against relevant primary or specialist sources.