Richard I the Lionheart Biography

Birth of Richard I, 2nd eldest son of Henry II & Eleanor of Aquitaine

Created Duke of Acquitaine

Created Duke of Acquitaine

Betrothal to Louis VIIs daughter, Alice

Created Duke of Poitiers

Created Duke of Poitiers

Captures the castle of Taillebourg, Acquitaine

Gascony rebels against Richards rule in Gascony

Richard becomes heir after the death of his elder brother Henry

Richard pays homage to Philip for all the English holdings on French soil

Succeeds as King of England

Joins forces with Philip to drive Henry II into abject submission

Created Duke of Anjou

Created Duke of Normandy

Joins forces with Philippe II of France & beats his father into submission

Richard refuses to hand over Acquitaine to his father so that he can give it to John

Receives the standard & the sword of Normandy from the Archbishop of Rouen

Richard sells all rights in Scotland to William the Lyon to finance the Crusades

Richard I & Philip drive Henry II out of Le Mans

Henry II is forced to recognize Richard I as his heir

Receives the standard & the sword of Normandy from the Archbishop of Rouen

Richards rebellion kills his father, Richard arrives in England to claim the throne

Names his 4 yr old nephew Arthur of Brittany his successor if he dies without issue

Names his 4 yr old nephew Arthur of Brittany his successor if he dies without issue

Marries Berengaria of Navarre daughter of Sancho VI of Navarre

Henry II agrees to make Richard his heir, arrange his marriage & pay 20,000 marks

Henry II agrees to make Richard his heir, arrange his marriage & pay 20,000 marks

Proclaims an amnesty in England for offences against the forest law

Death of Henry II

Receives a pardon from the Archbishops of Canterbury & Rouen. Arrives at Seez, Normandy

Sails from Barfleur and lands at Porsmouth after marrying

Appoints Eleanor as Regent & rules by general edict while fighting in the crusades

Will spend 6 months of his reign in England. Crowned King of England, 1st time

During Richards coronation many of the Jews in York are massacred

Renounces claims to Scotland & frees William from agreements made with Henry II

Restores Berwick & Roxburgh castles to Scotland, in return William pays 10,000 marks

Embarks on the 3rd Crusade, heads for France & does not return for 4 years

Allows John to return to England

Richard I & Philip II reach Sicily where they settle for the Winter

Richard I & Philip II take Messina from Tankred, King of Sicily

Richards sister Joan is released & Tancred is acknowledged as King of Sicily. Arthur of Brittany, Richards nephew, is declared as Richards successor

The King's of England & France, Phillip II, meet before embarking for Jerusalem

Combines forces with Philippe II of France & sets off for the Holy Land

Richard I & Philip II take Messina from Tankred, King of Sicily. Captures Messina & secures the release of his sister Joanna

Saves his betrothed, Princess Berengaria , from the Greek King Comnenus. Captures Cyprus & uses it as a strategic base for the Crusades

Phillip II releases Richard from his obligation to marry his sister Alice

Phillip II concedes the Duke of Brittany should become a vassal of the English King

Orders the slaughter of 2,700 captured from Acre

Richard I proposes his sister marry Saladins brother & receive Jerusalem as a present. Orders the slaughter of 2,700 captured from Acre

Gives Tancred the sword of Arthur King of the Britains as a symbol of their alliance

Tancred reciprocates by giving Richard 4 ships & 15 galleys. Gives Tancred the sword of Arthur King of the Britains as a symbol of their alliance

Richard I marries Berengaria of Navarre

Richard enters the port of Acre & prepares for a siege

Acre falls to the Crusaders after Richard I defeats Saladins Army

Acre falls to the Crusaders after Richard I defeats Saladins Army

Routes the Turks at Arsuf & captures Joppa. Richard is ambushed by Saladin at Arsouf en route to Ascalon. Defeats Salladin in battle en Route to Jaffa

Routes the Turks at Arsuf & captures Joppa

Richard I capures Jaffa from the Saracens under Saladin

Richard I makes a truce with Saladin for 3 years after failing to capture Jerusalem

Arrives at Darum & after 4 days captures it from Saladin & takes 5,000 prisoners

A truce is declared & Christians allowed to enter Jerusalem unarmed

After concluding a truce Richard boards a ship at Acre & leaves the Holy Land

After 16 months Richard withdraws from Palestine with Jerusalem in Moslem hands

The interior belongs to the Muslims & the coast belongs to the Latins. Peace is concluded between the Crusaders & the Muslims

The interior belongs to the Muslims & the coast belongs to the Latins. Peace is concluded between the Crusaders & the Muslims

Richard is imprisoned at Trifels Castle on the border of Germany & Lorraine

The Duke of Austria hands Richard over to Emperor Henry VI for a sum of money

The Emperor Henry VI sets Richards ransom at 100,000 pounds

Held captive in Durenstein Castele 1193-1194

Captured by Leopold of Austria when returning back to England

Richard I defeats Philip II at Freteval. Defeats Philip II of France & recaptures his French fiefs

Richard I regains his Fench fiefs after victory at the Battle of Verneuil

Richard I the Lionheart recaptures Normandy from Philip II after his release from Austria

Captures Nottingham Castle

Richard I the Lionheart constructs a castle to prevent further French advances down the Seine

Richard I regains his Fench fiefs after victory at the Battle of Verneuil

Richard I the Lionheart recaptures Normandy from Philip II after his release from Austria

Captures Nottingham Castle & demands John stand trial as a rebel, John does not appear

Captures Nottingham Castle & demands John stand trial as a rebel, John does not appear

John is forbidden to hold any castles in England. John appeals to Richard but is stripped of possessions & titles. Captures Nottingham Castle & demands John stand trial as a rebel, John does not appear

The Regents of England buy Richards freedom for pounds 100,000

England levies its 1st secular taxation on movaeble property to pay Richards ransom

Crowned King of England, 2nd time

Goes to Normandy & spends the rest of his reign in France

Signs the Treaty of Louviers with Philip II & cedes the Vexin

Richard I the Lionheart defeats Philip of France near Paris

Lays siege to Chalus Castle, occupied by th Viscount of Limogues

Signs a truce with Philip II

Killed in a minor skirmish at Chalus Castle in the Limousin by a mercenary crossbowman

Death of Richard I the Lionheart, assassinated during his siege of Chalus. Death of Richard I the Lionheart, assassinated

Killed in a minor skirmish at Chalus Castle in the Limousin by a mercenary crossbowman