Menelik II Biography

Held captive by Tewodros II, 1855-1865

Assumes the throne of Shewa

Signs a Treaty with Italy making Abyssinia a protectorate

Succeeds as Emperor of Ethiopia

Signs the Treaty of Wachile with Italy used by Italy for the subjugation of Ethiopia

Abrogates the Treaty after Italy's attempts to subjugate Ethiopia

Frustrates Italian attempts to make Ethiopia a protectorate

Under the Treaty of Addis Ababa Italy recognizes Abyssinian independence and delineates borders with Italian-controlled Eritrea

The Treaty of Addis Ababa abrogates the Treaty of Wuchale and formally ends the First Italo-Abyssinian War on terms favorable to Ethiopia.

The Treaty of Addis Ababa is completed several months after the decisive Battle of Adowa in March of the same year, which was convincingly won by the Ethiopian forces commanded by Menelek II.

Under the Treaty of Addis Ababa Italy recognizes Abyssinian independence and delineates borders with Italian-controlled Eritrea.

Agrees a boundary settlement with British Sudan

Agrees a boundary settlement with Italian Somaliland