Calixtus II Biography

Appointed Pope

Both the Emperor & the Vatican will select the Pope. A truce is made between the Empire & the Pope.

The King was recognised as having the right to invest bishops with secular authority ("by the lance") in the territories they governed, but not with sacred authority ("by ring and staff");

the result was that bishops owed allegiance in worldly matters both to the pope and to the king, for they were obligated to affirm the right of the sovereign to call upon them for military support,

under his oath of fealty

Following efforts by Lamberto Scannabecchi (later Pope Honorius II) and the Diet of Wurzburg (1121) in 1122, Pope Calixtus II and Holy Roman Emperor Henry V entered into an agreement that effectively ended the Investiture Controversy.

This record states: By the terms of the agreement, the election of bishops and abbots in Germany was to take place in the emperor's presence as judge between potentially disputing parties, free of bribes.

This record states: thus retaining to the emperor a crucial role in choosing these great territorial magnates of the Empire.

The King was recognised as having the right to invest bishops with secular authority ("by the lance") in the territories they governed, but not with sacred authority ("by ring and staff")

The Pactum Calixtinum or Concordat of Worms. Both the Emperor and the Vatican will select the Pope. A truce is made between the Empire and the Pope.

the result was that bishops owed allegiance in worldly matters both to the pope and to the king for they were obligated to affirm the right of the sovereign to call upon them for military support

under his oath of fealty