Julius II Biography

Birth of Julius II, Giuliano della Rovere

Appointed Bishop of Lausanne

Appointed Bishop of Coutances

Appointed Pope

Julius issued a dispensation allowing Henry VIII of England to marry Catherine of Aragon. Catherine had been married to Henry's deceased brother Prince Arthur but maintained she had remained a virgin during the marriage. 20 years later Henry sought to have his marriage annulled, claiming that the dispensation should never have been issued. The refusal of Pope Clement VII to grant the annulment led to the English Reformation

Brings about a union of the conflicting interests of France and the Holy Roman Empire, and sacrificed temporarily to some extent the independence of Italy to conclude an alliance against Venice. The combination was not immediately effective in compelling the Venetians to deliver up more than a few unimportant places in the Romagna

With a campaign in 1506, Julius succeeded in freeing Perugia and Bologna from their despots (Giampolo Baglioni and Giovanni II Bentivoglio, respectively)

With a campaign in 1506, Julius succeeded in freeing Perugia and Bologna from their despots (Giampolo Baglioni and Giovanni II Bentivoglio, respectively)

Founds the Swiss Guard to protect the Pope

Founds the Swiss Guard to protect the Pope

Confirms papal approval of the mare clausum policy pursued by Spain and Portugal

Julius II approves changes to the 1494 Treaty of Tordesillas

Concludes the League of Cambrai with Louis XII, King of France, Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor, and Ferdinand II, King of Aragon

Julius II wanted the Venetian possession of Romagna; Emperor Maximilian I wanted Friuli and Veneto; Louis XII wanted Cremona; and Ferdinand II wanted the Apulian ports

The League fights against the Republic of Venice during the "War of the Holy League", or "War of the League of Cambrai"

The League of Cambrai destroys much of the Venetian Army

The Republic of Venice was placed under an interdict by Julius

The dominion of Venice in Italy is practically lost

Allegiances change and France's is placed under Papal Interdict

Julius II leaves the League of Cambrai & gmakes an alliance with Venice

Threatens to excommunicate all those who fight with France. Declares War against France

At a synod convened by Louis at Tours in September 1510, the French bishops withdrew from papal obedience, and resolved, with Emperor Maximilian's co-operation, to seek the deposition of the pope.

In November 1511, a council met for this objective at Pisa. Julius II joins the "Holy League of 1511". He allied with Ferdinand II of Aragon and the Venetians against France.

Julius II proclaims a Holy League against the French, also includes England, Spain & the Holy Roman Empire. Forms a coalition of Spain, Venice & the Swiss against France

The French are driven across the Alps, but it was at the cost of the occupation of Italy by the other powers, and Julius II, though he had securely established the papal authority in the states immediately around Rome, was as far as ever from realizing his dream of an independent Italian kingdom

The Holy League splits up after dividing the spoils left by the French withdrawal from Italy

The French are driven across the Alps, but it was at the cost of the occupation of Italy by the other powers, and Julius II, though he had securely established the papal authority in the states immediately around Rome, was as far as ever from realizing his dream of an independent Italian kingdom

The French withdraw from Italy after an invasion of Milan by the Swiss, who reinstate Maximilian Sforza to the ducal throne

The French are driven across the Alps, but it was at the cost of the occupation of Italy by the other powers, and Julius II, though he had securely established the papal authority in the states immediately around Rome, was as far as ever from realizing his dream of an independent Italian kingdom

The French withdraw from Italy after an invasion of Milan by the Swiss, who reinstate Maximilian Sforza to the ducal throne

French forces under Gaston de Foix inflict an overwhelming defeat on a Spanish army at the Battle of Ravenna

Julius II excommunicates the entire French army

Death of Julius II