Malcolm II Biography

Assassinates Kenneth III & then succeeds him

Succeeds as King of Scotland, grandson of Malcolm I. Gains the throne by killing his predecessor Kenneth III

Crowned King of Scotia, son of Kenneth II

Results in a heavy defeat, by the Northumbrians led by Uhtred of Bamburgh, later Earl of Bernicia. Launches an invasion of Bernicia in 1006, which involves a siege of Durham

Launches an invasion of Bernicia in 1006, which involves a siege of Durham

Defeated by Sweyn Forkbeard but the Danes withdraw

Malcolm II captures Lothian from the English after the Battle of Carham

The Battle of Carham is a victory for the Scottish king Malcolm II and the battle is thought to have strengthened Scotlands hold on Lothian

After Carham, much of present day Scotland is under the control of the King of Scots. A Battle between the Kingdom of Scotland and the Kingdom of Northumbria at Carham on Tweed

Establishes the River Tweed as the north boundary of Northumbria, had been Edinburgh. Defeats the Northumbrians on the Tweed River. Captures the area between the Tweed & Firth of Forth & Lothian from the English.

The Battle of Carham is a victory for the Scottish king Malcolm II and the battle is thought to have strengthened Scotlands hold on Lothian.

The Battle of Carham, by the River Tweed, is a victory for the Scots led by Mael Coluim and the men of Strathclyde led by their king, Owen the Bald. River Tweed becomes the border between Scotland and England. King Owen of Strathclyde is killed.

With Malcolm II as king and Owen of Strathclyde supporting him, an important Battle is fought against Earl Uhtred of Bamburgh and his Northumbrian army at Carham, near Roxburgh. The Kingdom of Northumbria withdraws from Edinburgh to the River Tweed.

Recaptures much of Lothian from the English after the Battle of Carham

The Battle of Carham was a Battle between the Kingdom of Scotland and the Northumbrians at Carham on Tweed in 1018 or possibly 1016, also sometimes known as the Battle of Coldstream

A second war in Bernicia, probably in 1018, is more successful

Pledges an alliance with Canute

Canute arrives in Scotland & forces the Scottish King's to submit to him

Strathclyde becomes part of the Kingdom of Scotland

Had united Scotland apart from the holdings of Scandinavians in the north & west

Mael Coluim dies in 1034, Marianus Scotus giving the date as 25 November 1034, The king lists say that he died at Glamis, variously describing him as a "most glorious" or "most victorious" king