Milan I Biography

The Treaty of Berlin recognizes the independence of Serbia from the Ottoman Empire.

Serbian independence is accompanied by guarantees that religious differences cannot restrict civil or political rights.

Serbia receives additional territory, including districts around Nis, under the Berlin settlement.

A coup in Eastern Rumelia leads directly to a war between Serbia and Bulgaria

A coup in Eastern Rumelia leads directly to a war between Serbia and Bulgaria

Faces a Balkan crisis after Eastern Rumelia unites with Bulgaria, overturning part of the territorial arrangement created at Berlin.

Regards the union of Bulgaria and Eastern Rumelia as a threat to Serbia.

Orders Serbian forces mobilized during the crisis over Eastern Rumelia.

An international conference is convened and becames deadlocked, Serbia declares war

Demands territory to compensate for Bulgarias union with eastern Rumelia

Declares war on Bulgaria and orders an advance toward Sofia.

Declares war on Bulgaria after the union with Eastern Rumelia disrupts the regional balance created by the Treaty of Berlin.

Commits Serbian forces against Bulgarian positions around Slivnitsa.

Invades Bulgaria hoping to unite Serbia

Directs the Serbian advance across the Bulgarian frontier.

Continues attacks against the Bulgarian defensive line at Slivnitsa.

Bulgarians, led by Stefan Stambolov, repulse a larger Serbian invasion force at Slivnitsa

Defeated in battle, eastern Roumelia is annexed by Bulgaria

Orders a retreat after Serbian attacks fail at Slivnitsa.

Bulgarians, led by Stefan Stambolov, repulse a larger Serbian invasion force at Slivnitsa

Withdraws Serbian formations toward the frontier after Slivnitsa.

Attempts to stabilize the Serbian retreat near Dragoman.

Loses the frontier position at Tsaribrod during the Bulgarian counteroffensive.

Concentrates Serbian defenses as Bulgarian forces approach Pirot.

26-27 November, Bulgarian victory, Austrian intervention saves the Serbs

Deploys Serbian troops to defend Pirot from the Bulgarian advance.

Bulgaria moves into Serbia

Withdraws after Bulgarian forces capture Pirot.

Benefits from Austro-Hungarian intervention halting the Bulgarian advance.

Franz Joseph forces an armistice in the Serbian War

The Treaty of Bucharest concludes the Serbn war, reestablishing prewar Serbon borders but leaving Eastern Rumelia and Bulgaria united

The Treaty of Bucharest concludes the Serbn war, reestablishing prewar Serbon borders but leaving Eastern Rumelia and Bulgaria united

Accepts restoration of the prewar Serbian-Bulgarian frontier.