Holden Alvaro Roberto1956
The original mission of the FNLA, officially formed under the leadership of Holden Roberto is to restore the home of the ethnic Bakongo people in northern Angola and southern Zaire, known as the "Kongo Kingdom"
Angola · Politics / Frente Nacional de Libertacao de Angola. Chronological records rendered directly from the World History Database.
The original mission of the FNLA, officially formed under the leadership of Holden Roberto is to restore the home of the ethnic Bakongo people in northern Angola and southern Zaire, known as the "Kongo Kingdom"
Led by Holden Roberto, the FNLA evolves from the Uniao das Populacoes do Norte de Angola. A northern based party with an ethnic base among the Bakongo people
Organizes Bakongo militants, launches an incursion into Angola, leading 4,000 to 5,000 militants
The FNLA mounts the first serious challenge to Portuguese rule in Angola, it receives support from Za‹re, the USA and China
Roberto establishes the Revolutionary Government of Angola in Exile, appointing Savimbi to the position of Foreign Minister
UNITA merges with the Democratic Party of Angola. Roberto merges the UPA with the Democratic Party of Angola to form the FNLA
Roberto visits Israel in the 1960s and received aid from the Israeli Government from 1963 to 1969
Savimbi leaves the FNLA and founds UNITA in response to Robertos unwillingness to spread the war outside the traditional Kingdom of Kongo
The MPLA defeats the FNLA in the Battle of Dead Road and the FNLA retreated to Zaire
Roberto is exiled to Paris, and a new but still ineffectual group, the Military Council of Angolan Resistance (COMIRA), was formed by ex-FNLA guerrillas and quickly disbanded
1,500 FNLA fighters and 20,000 civilian supporters surrender, prompting Roberto to accept the MPLAs amnesty agreement, effectively shutting down the militant arm of the FNLA
The FNLA and MPLA agree to the Bicesse Accords, allowing Roberto to return to Angola. Runs unsuccessfully for President, receiving only 2.1% of the vote, the FNLA wins five seats in Parliament but refuses to participate in the Government
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