Athelstan934
Athelstan led a major land army and fleet into Scotland after relations with Constantine deteriorated.
England · Warfare / England War. Chronological records rendered directly from the World History Database.
Athelstan led a major land army and fleet into Scotland after relations with Constantine deteriorated.
Canute arrives in Scotland & drives the Scottish King's into temporary submission
Edward the Confessor places Siward of Nothumbria in charge of the invasion of Scotland
Malcolm III, "son of the king of the Cumbrians" is restored to his throne, as ruler of Kingdom of Strathclyde
Retaliates for Malcolm IIIs invasion of Northumbria, enters Lothian & reaches Fife
William Invades Scotland reaching Perth, Malcolm III makes peace & becomes a vassal
Leads a Norman expedition to Scotland
John invades Scotland
Edward decides to invade Scotland after Edward Balliol makes an alliance with France
Edward I invades Scotland after John Balliol makes an alliance with France
John Balliol fails to appear at Berwick for his trial, Edward then invades Scotland
Edward crosses the Tweed at Coldstream & marches down its left bank toward Berwick
John Balliol surrenders to the English
Edward I captures the Stone of Scone, symbol of kingship
Edward I believes he has captured Scotland & leaves 3 magnates in authority
Demands John Balliol handover border castles, John refuses & is summonsed to Berwick
Spring, assembles 4,000 cavalry & 25,000 infantry at Newcastle
Edward I reviews his army which consists of 12,500 infantry, English, Welsh, and Irish, alongside the cavalry, the veterans of his French wars
Edward I crosses the Tweed by Coldstream with 12,500 or more foot and over 2,500 horse, veterans of his campaigns in France and Wales
The support from France ends for the Scots, with peace between Philip and Edward, and Edward I returns home from Gascony to deal with the Scots
De Warrenne, the Earl of Surrey and Sussex having failed at Stirling to stop Wallace, forces Edward to march north himself
Edward I moves the seat of Government to York, a better base of operations for an invasion of Scotland
Eight earls join Edward: the Marshal, the Constable, Ralph de Monthemer, Arundel, Guy of Warwick and the young Earls of Lancaster and Pembroke, each bringing their own large contingents of minor knights and infantry. Edward I assembles at York the largest invasion force to enter Scotland since the days of Agricola consusting of as many as 2,500 heavily armoured knights and at least 12,500 infantry
Edward I departs from Bury St Edmunds
Pope demand that Edward withdraw from Scotland. Edward ignores the Pope but withdraws because of too much resistance. After staying briefly at the Abbey of Bury St. Edmunds, Edward I travels north to Carlisle
Edward I reaches Carlisle
The Pope condemns Edward Is invasion of Scotland
Edward arranges a truce and returns to England
Edward I retreats from Scotland & spends the winter at Northampton
The Pope condemns Edward Is invasion of Scotland. Edward I leads an invasion of Scotland against William Wallace
Edward II Accomponies Edward I on his invasion of Scotland against William Wallace
Takes part in the invasion of Scotland
Edward I leads another campaign into Scotland
Edward I finds the land laid waste as he advanced into Scotland, stops at Linlithgow & builds a castle where he spends Christmas
Appointed Commander of the English Army, has control of half of the invasion force
Robert, grandson of the unsuccessful rival claimant to John Balliol, makes peace
Sets out at the head of an invasion force
William Wallace had returned to Scotland from France where he had been in exile & Edward takes an army into Scotland. Edward's last invasion of Scotland. Arrives in Scotland to storm the country in revenge for the arrest of Segrave
Edward II arrives in Scotland at the head of an invasion force
Edward spends the winter months at Dunfermline Abbey where he plans an attack on Stirling Castle
Winters at Dunfermline
Edward II winters at Perth
William Wallace had returned to Scotland from France where he had been in exile & Edward takes an army into Scotland. Edward's last invasion of Scotland. Arrives in Scotland to storm the country in revenge for the arrest of Segrave. The Scots appoint John Comyn Regent who with Simon Frazer repels the English & Segrave is captured. An amnesty is proclaimed except for William Wallace
The Scots appoint John Comyn Regent who with Simon Frazer repels the English & Segrave is captured
Edward lays siege to Stirling Castle
Edward I receives the surrender of some prominent Scottish Lords & returns to London
Stirling Castle surrenders
William Wallace is betrayed & captured by the English. After the execution of Wallace Edward I captures Scotland
As soon as Edward I hears of Robert Is coronation he prepares for war
Edward holds a banquet and vows by the God of Heaven and these swans to avenge the death of John Comyn and the treachery of the Scots
Leads Edward IIs army against the Scots
By the middle of summer Pembroke make his base at Perth, where he was joined by many of the supporters of John Comyn
Leaves Carlisle
Sets up camp at Burh-upon-Sands
England rereats from Scotland, major castles are recovered except Berwick & Stirling
Launches an invasion of Scotland but dies of dysentery
Edward I & Edward II winter at Lanercost Priory near Carlisle
Joins his father, Edward I, on his invasion of Scotland
Leads a brief foray across the Scottish border & meets no resistance
Joins Edward IIs invasion of Scotland
Agrees a 13 yr truce between England & Scotland
An attempt by Edward II to invade Scotland is defeated by Robert I
Invades Scotland & reaches Edinburgh but is forced to rereat
Edward III invades again in 1334, but he accomplishes little and retreats in February 1335 due to bad weather
Edward III and Edward Balliol return again in July with an army of 13,000, and advance through Scotland, first to Glasgow and then Perth, where Edward III installs himself
The invasion is called off because of rumors of a French fleet sailing for Scotland
Leads an army as far as Edinburgh but the Scots are not brought out into battle
Richard III launches a border raid into Scotland, curtain raiser for a full scale invasion in 1481
Launches a minor border raid into Scotland with Northumberland. Invasion plans with Edward IV fail due to his failing health & financial problems
Richard & Edward IV meet James IIIs brother the Duke of Albany to plan an invasion
Leads a raid into southern Scotland
Placed in command of the English army sent to the Scottish borders against John Stewart, Duke of Albany
Orders the Northern levies over the Border but they are dispersed at Haddonrig
Henry VIII proposes that Prince Edward should marry Mary, Queen of Scots, to unite the Tudor and Stuart lines.
Henry VIII expects the Treaty of Greenwich to bring Scotland into a closer English political orbit.
The Treaty of Greenwich agrees peace and the future marriage of Prince Edward to Mary, Queen of Scots.
The pro-French and Catholic faction around Cardinal Beaton opposes the English marriage policy.
Opposition to the English marriage grows among Scots who fear domination by Henry VIII.
Mary, Queen of Scots, is crowned at Stirling as Scottish leaders seek to protect her from English pressure.
The Scottish Parliament rejects the Treaty of Greenwich and the proposed Edward and Mary marriage.
Following it's break with Rome, England decided to attack Scotland, partly to destroy the Auld Alliance, and prevent Scotland being used as a springboard for future invasion by France.
The Rough Wooing is a war between Scotland and England.
partly to weaken Scotland, and partly to force Scotland to agree to a marriage alliance between its child Queen Mary and the English heir apparent Edward, son of King Henry VIII.
English policy shifts from negotiation to coercion after Scotland refuses the Greenwich settlement.
Henry VIII treats Scotland's rejection of the Treaty of Greenwich as a breach of the marriage settlement.
The renewal of Scottish links with France strengthens Henry VIII's fear of a hostile northern frontier.
A period of "rough wooing" is marked by a 2 day burning of Edinburgh
Henry VIII issues instructions blaming Cardinal Beaton and Scottish opponents of the marriage alliance.
Hertford's expedition lands at Leith to punish Scotland for rejecting Henry VIII's marriage policy.
The burning of Edinburgh is intended to force Scotland to accept the Edward and Mary marriage.
The invasion is designed to intimidate Scottish political leaders and weaken resistance to English terms.
The invasions of 1544 and 1545 are led by Edward Seymour (Earl of Hertford; later Duke of Somerset)
Henry VIII supports assured Scots who promise to back the English marriage alliance and oppose the French faction.
Seymour leads an invasion of Scotland
The Earl of Hertford leads renewed English operations on the Scottish Borders during the Rough Wooing.
English campaigns in Scotland continue under Edward Seymour, Earl of Hertford, during the Rough Wooing.
The continuing invasion reflects Henry VIII's aim to break the Auld Alliance and impose the Edward and Mary marriage.
Seymour captures Edinburgh (1544) and Cardinal Beaton is murdered 29 May 1546, but the English are unable to reduce Scotland to obedience
Leads a force of 2,000 light horse across the border into Scotland
Commands the English fleet during the invasion of Scotland by Edward Seymour
Launches an invasion of Scotland
Takes part in the invasion of Scotland which culminated in the Battle of Pinkie Cleugh
The Privy Council instructs Norfolk to assist the Scots against the French
Sets off with a force to invade Scotland
Crosses the Scottish border with an invasion force led by Cromwell
Crosses the Scottish border with an invasion force led by Cromwell
Crosses the Scottish border at the head of an Army of 16,000
Holds a council of war & decides to retreat to Dunbar & fortify the town
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