France · Warfare / Norman Invasion Wars. Chronological records rendered directly from the World History Database.
Guiscard invaded Sicily with his brother Roger, capturing Messina in 1061 with comparable ease, they landed unsighted during the night and surprised the Saracen army. Paterno fell, and Guiscard brought his army to Enna (then Castrogiovanni), a formidable fortress. The Saracens sallied forth and were defeated, but Enna itself did not fall. Guiscard turned back, leaving a fortress at San Marco d'Alunzio, named after his first stronghold in Calabria
This factsheet is generated from stored World History Database records matching the country, broad category, detailed category and exact Event value shown above. Duplicate display records are collapsed; database wording is otherwise preserved. Source provenance varies by record, so formal academic citation should be checked against the relevant primary source, archive or specialist historical reference.