Frederick I Barbarossa1155
Frederick emphasizes the "Romanness" of the Empire, partly in an attempt to justify the power of the Emperor independent of the (now strengthened) Pope
Germany · House / House of Hohenstaufen. Chronological records rendered directly from the World History Database.
Frederick emphasizes the "Romanness" of the Empire, partly in an attempt to justify the power of the Emperor independent of the (now strengthened) Pope
Frederick supported a succession of Popes before finally making peace with Alexander in 1177
The Hohenstaufen dynasty had reached its apex, Henry had added the Norman Kingdom of Sicily to his domains, held English king Richard the Lionheart captive, and aimed to establish a hereditary monarchy when he died in 1197
In the 1220 Confoederatio cum principibus ecclesiasticis, Frederick gave up a number of regalia in favour of the bishops, among them tariffs, coining, and fortification
The 1232 Statutum in favorem principum extends privileges to secular territories to alllow the German princes to maintain order north of the Alps while Frederick concentrated on Italy which marks the first time that the German dukes were called domini terrae, owners of their lands
After the death of Frederick II in 1250, the German Kingdom was divided between his son Conrad IV (died 1254) and the anti-king, William of Holland (died 1256)
Conrads death is followed by the Interregnum, during which no king could achieve universal recognition, allowing the princes to consolidate their holdings and become even more independent rulers
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