Permanent historical factsheet

Demonstrations

Iran · Revolution / Revolution of Iran. Chronological records rendered directly from the World History Database.

11Records
1977–1978Date range
2Named people
3Places

Chronological records

1977

Ruhollah KhomeiniFebruary 1977

Tabriz · Revolution / Revolution of Iran

18 groups in a number of cities marched to honor the fallen and protest against the rule of the Shah & violence erupts in Tabriz, where five hundred demonstrators were killed according to the opposition, ten according to the Government

PahlaviOctober 1977

Revolution / Revolution of Iran

The first militant anti-Shah demonstrations, after the death of Khomeinis son Mostafa

Ruhollah Khomeini1977

Revolution / Revolution of Iran

Khomeinis activists numbered "perhaps a few hundred in total", but over the coming months they grew to a mass of several thousand demonstrators in most cities of Iran

1978

Ruhollah KhomeiniJanuary 1978

Qom · Revolution / Revolution of Iran

Demonstrations break out which spread to the rest of the country

Ruhollah Khomeini8 September 1978

Tehran · Revolution / Revolution of Iran

The clerical leadership declared that "thousands have been massacred by Zionist troops"

Pahlavi8 September 1978

Revolution / Revolution of Iran

The Shah introduced martial law, and banned all demonstrations but on September 8 thousands of protesters gathered in Tehran, security forces shot and killed dozens, in what became known as Black Friday

Ruhollah KhomeiniSeptember 1978

Qom · Revolution / Revolution of Iran

The army was sent in, dispersing the demonstrations and killing several students (two to nine according to the Government, 70 or more according to the opposition). Government troops fire on demonstrators, Black Friday

Ruhollah Khomeini2 December 1978

Tehran · Revolution / Revolution of Iran

During the Islamic month of Muharram, over two million people filled the streets of Tehrans Azadi Square (then Shahyad Square), to demand the removal of the Shah and return of Khomeini

Pahlavi2 December 1978

Tehran · Revolution / Revolution of Iran

During the Islamic month of Muharram, over two million people filled the streets of Tehrans Azadi Square (then Shahyad Square), to demand the removal of the Shah and return of Khomeini

Ruhollah Khomeini11 December 1978

Tehran · Revolution / Revolution of Iran

A "total of 6 to 9 million" anti-shah demonstrators marched throughout Iran

Pahlavi11 December 1978

Tehran · Revolution / Revolution of Iran

A "total of 6 to 9 million" anti-shah demonstrators marched throughout Iran

Names involved

PahlaviRuhollah Khomeini

Provenance

This factsheet is generated from stored World History Database records matching the country, broad category, detailed category and exact Event value shown above. Duplicate display records are collapsed; database wording is otherwise preserved. Source provenance varies by record, so formal academic citation should be checked against the relevant primary source, archive or specialist historical reference.