Permanent historical factsheet

Enigma Machine

Poland · Warfare / World War, 2nd. Chronological records rendered directly from the World History Database.

23Records
1932–1940Date range
7Named people
3Places

Chronological records

1932

Jerzy RozyckiSeptember 1932

Warfare / World War, 2nd

Joins Rejewski and Zygalski in the Polish Cipher Bureau's German-cipher section.

Henryk ZygalskiSeptember 1932

Warfare / World War, 2nd

Joins the Polish Cipher Bureau team attacking German Enigma traffic.

Marian RejewskiOctober 1932

Warfare / World War, 2nd

Is assigned to the Polish Cipher Bureau's Enigma problem and applies mathematical permutation theory to the machine.

Marian RejewskiDecember 1932

Warfare / World War, 2nd

Reconstructs the internal wiring of the German military Enigma using mathematics and intelligence material.

1933

Marian RejewskiJanuary 1933

Warfare / World War, 2nd

Uses the reconstructed machine and recovered daily settings to read German military Enigma traffic.

Edward FokczynskiFebruary 1933

Warfare / World War, 2nd

Helps AVA begin production of military Enigma replicas for Polish cryptanalysts.

Antoni PalluthFebruary 1933

Warfare / World War, 2nd

Works through AVA to build Polish replicas of the military Enigma for the Cipher Bureau.

Maksymilian Ciezki1933

Warfare / World War, 2nd

Directs the Polish Cipher Bureau German section as regular exploitation of Enigma develops.

Jerzy Rozycki1933

Warfare / World War, 2nd

Develops the clock method for identifying the fast rotor used in Enigma messages.

1934

Marian Rejewski1934

Warfare / World War, 2nd

Develops the cyclometer to catalogue Enigma permutation characteristics and accelerate recovery of daily settings.

1938

Marian RejewskiOctober 1938

Warfare / World War, 2nd

Designs the Polish bomba kryptologiczna to automate part of the search for Enigma daily settings.

Henryk ZygalskiOctober 1938

Warfare / World War, 2nd

Designs perforated sheets that can identify Enigma settings despite increasingly complex plugboard connections.

Marian Rejewski15 December 1938

Warfare / World War, 2nd

Adapts Polish methods after Germany adds two extra rotors, greatly increasing possible Enigma rotor orders.

1939

Maksymilian CiezkiJanuary 1939

Paris · Warfare / World War, 2nd

Attends the January Paris meeting while Poland initially withholds the full extent of its Enigma success.

Gwido LangerJanuary 1939

Paris · Warfare / World War, 2nd

Represents the Polish Cipher Bureau at the January allied cryptanalytic meeting in Paris.

Maksymilian Ciezki25 July 1939

Pyry · Warfare / World War, 2nd

Explains Polish Enigma methods and equipment to the British and French delegations at Pyry.

Gwido Langer25 July 1939

Pyry · Warfare / World War, 2nd

Authorises disclosure of Poland's Enigma achievements to British and French cryptanalysts at Pyry.

Marian Rejewski25 July 1939

Pyry · Warfare / World War, 2nd

Explains the mathematical reconstruction of Enigma and Polish key-recovery methods to allied cryptanalysts.

Jerzy Rozycki25 July 1939

Pyry · Warfare / World War, 2nd

Shares Polish experience of Enigma rotor analysis with the British and French delegations.

Henryk Zygalski25 July 1939

Pyry · Warfare / World War, 2nd

Demonstrates the perforated-sheet method to British and French cryptanalysts at the Pyry meeting.

Edward FokczynskiAugust 1939

Warsaw · Warfare / World War, 2nd

Helps AVA complete dozens of Enigma replicas before the German invasion of Poland.

Antoni PalluthAugust 1939

Warsaw · Warfare / World War, 2nd

Supports production of Polish Enigma replicas, one of which is supplied to Britain before the war.

1940

Marian RejewskiJanuary 1940

Paris · Warfare / World War, 2nd

Meets Turing in France and discusses Polish Enigma methods after the Cipher Bureau's evacuation.

Names involved

Antoni PalluthEdward FokczynskiGwido LangerHenryk ZygalskiJerzy RozyckiMaksymilian CiezkiMarian Rejewski

Provenance

This factsheet is generated from stored World History Database records matching the country, broad category, detailed category and exact Event value shown above. Duplicate display records are collapsed; database wording is otherwise preserved. Source provenance varies by record, so formal academic citation should be checked against the relevant primary source, archive or specialist historical reference.